JP2008088310A - High temperature carbonization method and high temperature carbonization apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high temperature carbonization method for manufacturing a carbonized material of a high quality without consuming a fossil fuel and burning a substance to be treated, and to provide a high temperature carbonization apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: Heating of the substance to be treated is performed by different methods of the first stage of drying, thermal decomposition and carbonization and the second stage at a high temperature for performing carbonization and refining. In the first stage, heating and temperature-rising from an external air temperature to 600°C combinedly uses direct heating and indirect heating by a burning gas of a biomass fuel. Heating and temperature-rising at a high temperature area 600°C to approximately 800°C of the former stage of the second stage is performed by combinedly using indirect heating by the combustion gas of the biomass fuel and direct heating by the combustion gas of the gasified material. At the high temperature area of 800°C to 1,200°C of the latter stage of the second stage, it is performed by combinedly using direct heating by heat generation of a generation furnace gasification reaction of the gasified material and indirect heating by the combustion gas of the generation furnace gas. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention provides high-quality, high-temperature carbon from biomass resources such as wood, bamboo, grass, food residues, livestock waste, solid waste fuel (RDF), waste containing wood and paper, and organic waste such as sludge. The present invention relates to a high temperature carbonization method and a high temperature carbonization apparatus for producing a chemical (hereinafter referred to as carbide).

Conventionally, as a carbonization apparatus, a direct heating system (also referred to as a direct fire system or an internal combustion system) in which a material to be treated filled in the carbonization furnace is heated in direct contact with a high-temperature combustion gas is also known. And an indirect heating method in which an object to be treated in the carbonization furnace is indirectly heated through the outer wall surface of the carbonization furnace (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2001-247871 A JP 2001-316675 A

The direct heating and the indirect heating of the conventional method as described above have advantages and disadvantages. For example, in the direct fire method, the thermal efficiency is good, but the combustion amount of the object to be processed and the carbide increases, and the yield of the carbide decreases. In particular, when trying to obtain a carbide having a high temperature of 600 ° C. or higher, there is a drawback that the amount of air accompanying the high-temperature combustion gas fed into the carbonization furnace increases and the combustion amount of the carbide increases remarkably. Moreover, since the surface and the inside of the obtained carbide are partially burned, there is a problem of being in an extinguished state and greatly degrading the quality.

The indirect heating method can suppress the loss of carbides due to combustion, so the yield of carbides is high, but because of indirect heating through the wall of the carbonization furnace, heat transfer is poor and it is difficult to obtain a high temperature of 600 ° C or higher. There was a problem. In particular, heat is not easily transmitted to the inside of the object to be processed, and there are disadvantages such as significant variation in the quality of the obtained carbide.

The present invention is intended to solve such problems from the past, and has also been particularly strongly demanded in recent years. It is an efficient high-temperature process using only air and biomass without consuming any finite fossil fuel. A carbonization method and a carbonization apparatus capable of carbonization are provided. In other words, by using an unprecedented direct heating method, and by using a carbonization device with a special structure to achieve this, without using fossil fuels, and without burning the object to be processed and the carbides. The object is to easily obtain a high temperature of 700 ° C. to 1200 ° C. and to accurately control a target carbonization temperature ranging from a low temperature of about 400 ° C. to a high temperature of 1300 ° C. It is also an object to produce high-quality and high-functional high-temperature carbides in high yield.

The present invention has been found as a result of many years of development and design of carbonization furnaces, abundant practical experience in carbonization treatment, and diligent efforts to solve the problems. Without burning any fossil fuels and without consuming any fossil fuels, the process of drying, pyrolysis, and carbonization is performed simply by burning biomass fuel, and then heated to a target temperature of up to about 600 ° C. And, secondly, the heat generated by the chemical reaction of biomass is mainly utilized for the target temperature of high temperature set in the range of 600 ℃ to 1200 ℃. Next, in order to obtain a high-quality and high-functional carbide, the target temperature in each of the above steps must be set. What needs to be managed accurately It was made paying attention to.

Specifically, the first invention related to the high-temperature carbonization method is to accurately control the temperature of the object to be processed or the temperature of the atmosphere in the furnace while heating, heating, drying, pyrolysis, and carbonization of the object to be processed. It is a specific matter that the first stage to be performed is different from the high temperature second stage to perform carbonization and refining.

That is, in the first stage, the heating / heating from the outside temperature to 600 ° C. is performed through direct heating by contact between the combustion gas of biomass fuel such as wood chips and the object to be processed, and through the wall by this combustion gas. Indirect heating of the second stage, the heating / temperature increase in the high temperature range from 600 ° C. to about 800 ° C. in the preceding stage of the second stage is the indirect heating by the combustion gas of the biomass fuel through the wall. , Performed in combination with direct heating with combustion gas obtained by burning separately prepared gasification material, and in the further high temperature range of about 800 ° C to 1200 ° C after the second stage, the above gas It is a specific matter to use both direct heating due to the heat generated from the gasification reaction of the gasifying material and indirect heating through the wall of the combustion gas generated in the gasification reaction of the generating gas. is there.

Further, the separately prepared gasification material used for the heating and temperature raising in the second stage is a biomass that is heated to become carbide, or a material that has already become carbide, such as charcoal, bamboo charcoal, and waste carbide. This is a specific matter.

A first aspect of the second invention related to the high-temperature carbonization apparatus for carrying out the first invention is that the carbonization apparatus includes a carbonization chamber for filling an object to be processed and a gasification chamber for filling the gasification material. Combustion furnace that burns biomass fuel, pyrolysis gas of material to be processed and generation gas of the above gasification material, chimney that discharges combustion exhaust gas outdoors, pyrolysis gas cooler, for combustion Specific items include an air preheater for heating air, an air blower and ducts for sending air to the combustion furnace and the gasification chamber, and control devices and devices for controlling them. It is.

As a second aspect of the second invention relating to the high-temperature carbonization apparatus for carrying out the first invention, more specifically, the carbonization furnace is a metal or ceramic vertical container having an open / close door on one side surface. The inside of the room consists of four rooms divided into four parts in the vertical direction by a heat-resistant air-permeable wire mesh, perforated plate or grid-like shelf board, and the uppermost room is a gas rectifying room. A combustion gas inlet having a plurality of rectifying plates and a carbonization furnace damper is provided in one place, the second chamber is a gasification chamber filled with the gasification material, and the side is introduced with gasification air The third chamber is a carbonization chamber filled with an object to be processed, and the lowermost chamber is a gas collecting chamber having a gas discharge port at one place.

A third aspect of the second invention related to the high-temperature carbonization apparatus for carrying out the first invention is that the combustion furnace has an outer surface heat insulating structure and incorporates the carbonization furnace. A biomass fuel combustion chamber having a combustion air inlet and a biomass fuel inlet, and a gas combustion chamber for combusting the pyrolysis gas of the object to be treated and the generator gas of the gasification material, And a gas passage arranged at an appropriate interval that allows the combustion gas to pass evenly around the outer wall of the carbonization furnace, and a chimney for discharging the combustion gas to the outside is provided near the top of the combustion furnace. This is a specific matter. It is also a specific matter that the outer surface of the combustion furnace corresponding to the position of the opening / closing door of the carbonization furnace is also configured to be open / closed.

The fourth aspect of the second invention related to the high-temperature carbonization apparatus for carrying out the first invention is that a chimney of the combustion furnace has a chimney damper for adjusting the flow rate of the combustion exhaust gas and an exhaust of the combustion gas. It is a specific matter that the air preheater for recovering heat is disposed.

A fifth aspect of the second invention related to the high-temperature carbonization apparatus for carrying out the first invention is that the pyrolysis gas inlet for introducing the pyrolysis gas into the cooler is a gas exhaust gas in the gas collecting chamber. A duct is connected to the outlet by a duct, and a branched duct is arranged in the gas discharge part at the top of the cooler, one of which is a flue part at an intermediate position between the chimney damper and the air preheater On the other hand, it is a specific matter that the other is connected to the gas introduction pipe of the gas combustion chamber of the combustion furnace via one cooler damper. Needless to say, the cooler is provided with cooling water passages and discharge ports and a pyrolysis gas condensate (wood vinegar) discharge port.

The sixth aspect of the second invention related to the high-temperature carbonization apparatus for carrying out the first invention is that the gasified air inlet and the combustion air inlet are made of air heated by the air preheater. In order to send, it is specified that each is connected by a duct and an air blower via a solenoid valve or a combustion air damper.

A seventh aspect of the second invention related to the high-temperature carbonization apparatus for carrying out the first invention is that the gas combustion chamber is configured to smoothly ignite the pyrolysis gas and the generator gas. It is a specific matter that an auxiliary fuel tank and a combustion set such as a combustion burner and an auxiliary combustion air blower are provided.

An eighth aspect of the second invention related to the high-temperature carbonization apparatus for carrying out the first invention is to detect the respective indoor temperatures in the carbonization chamber, the gasification chamber and the gas combustion chamber. These temperature sensors are provided, which are specified as being connected to the gasified air blower, the combustion air blower, the auxiliary combustion air blower and the control device, respectively.

The combustion furnace is provided with a lid for charging biomass fuel and taking out the combustion ash, and the combustion furnace and the cooler are each provided with an opening with a lid for maintenance. It is also a specific matter.

As described above, according to the first invention related to the high temperature carbonization method and the second invention related to the high temperature carbonization apparatus, the high temperature carbonization can be performed without consuming the fossil fuel and without burning the workpiece. And high quality and high functionality high temperature carbides can be produced in high yield.

Specifically, the carbonization of wood is a physical and chemical change that goes through the processes of drying, pyrolysis, wood carbonization, and carbonization, and the drying process is evaporation of moisture, so the atmosphere is at a temperature of about 100 ° C. Well, does not require high temperatures. Moreover, when the wood finishes drying and reaches about 130 ° C. to 150 ° C., thermal decomposition gradually begins, and then rapid thermal decomposition occurs. Since this pyrolysis is an exothermic reaction, the internal temperature of the wood reaches about 400 ° C to 500 ° C. Therefore, in order to raise the temperature of the object to be processed to about 400 ° C. to 500 ° C., a high amount of heat is not required, and a small amount of heat can be used as an initiator for thermal decomposition, and the heating temperature is as low as about 500 ° C. Therefore, this calorie | heat amount is easily obtained by contact with the combustion gas of biomass fuel of about 500 to 600 degreeC. Further, in the heating / temperature increase for increasing the temperature to 600 ° C., a biomass combustion gas of about 600 ° C. to 700 ° C. with slightly increased thermal power is sufficient. However, in order to obtain combustion gas at a higher temperature than this, high combustion must be performed by introducing excess air. As a result, the object to be treated has already been carbonized, and when heated in contact with the high-temperature combustion gas containing excess air, the carbide is partially burned, resulting in a significant loss of quality. Even if indirect heating is performed through the wall, the heat transfer rate from the wall is extremely low, and the temperature rises to about 700 ° C. at most. Moreover, since the thermal efficiency is low, a large amount of biomass fuel is required, which is very uneconomical. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to raise the temperature to a high temperature of 600 ° C. or higher by using a combustion gas of a low temperature / low calorie biomass fuel, so another heat source having a high temperature / high calorie is required.

The gasification material and the material to be treated filled in the gasification chamber and the carbonization chamber in the carbonization furnace are already carbides at the stage when the temperature reaches 600 ° C. The carbide can be heated to 600 ° C. or higher. However, when a small amount of air is given only to the carbide of the gasification material to cause partial combustion to generate combustion heat, the temperature inside the container-like carbonization furnace is rapidly increased by this amount of heat. That is, the carbide is easily heated to a high temperature of 600 ° C. or higher without burning the carbide of the object to be processed in the carbonization furnace.

If a small amount of air is intermittently given to the carbide of the gasification material, the carbide of the gasification material gradually increases in temperature by partial combustion and easily reaches about 800 ° C. to 850 ° C. of 700 ° C. or more. The temperature of the carbide of the product is also raised to near 800 ° C to 850 ° C. In addition, if a small amount of air is supplied to cause incomplete combustion at this time, the carbide of the gasification material causes a gasification reaction in the generator and generates a high-heat combustible gas (generation furnace gas) containing a large amount of CO gas. Come on.

Further, when the generating furnace gas is introduced into the gas combustion chamber and burned, the carbonization furnace is indirectly heated from the outside, and the object to be treated in the carbonization chamber is also indirectly heated by the amount of combustion heat. . If the carbonization furnace, the carbonization chamber, and the gasification chamber are made of high-temperature heat resistance, the temperature can be easily raised to 1000 ° C. or higher and about 1200 ° C. without burning the carbide of the object to be processed.

In addition, since the gasified material is a sacrificial material that generates a flammable gas with a high calorific value similar to that of fossil fuel, a high temperature can be obtained without requiring a high caloric fossil fuel that is a finite resource. Therefore, it can be said that the system is friendly to the global environment.
Here, it goes without saying that it is also effective in the present invention to use coal, coke, peat or the like as the gasification material.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a high-temperature carbonization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is a vertical vessel carbonization furnace having a chamber divided into four, 2 is a carbonization chamber for filling an object to be treated, 3 Is a gasification chamber filled with gasification material, 4 is a gas rectification chamber that evenly distributes the combustion gas flowing into the carbonization furnace, 5 is a gas collection chamber where the gas exiting the carbonization chamber collects, 6 is biomass fuel and pyrolysis 61 is a combustion chamber for biomass fuel, 61a is a biomass fuel, 61b is a biomass fuel basket, 62 is a gas combustion chamber for combusting pyrolysis gas and generator gas, and 63 is a combustion chamber Gas passage serving as a gas passage, 64 is an inlet with a lid for biomass fuel, 65 is a combustion ash removal outlet with a lid, 66 is an opening with a lid for maintenance, 6a is a combustion air inlet, 6b is a gas combustion chamber 62 This is a gas introduction pipe. 7 is a chimney for discharging combustion exhaust gas to the outdoors, 8 is a pyrolysis gas cooler, 8a is a pyrolysis gas inlet, and is connected to the gas exhaust port 51 of the gas collecting chamber by a duct 511. 81 is a branch duct disposed in the top gas discharge portion of the cooler 8 and branches into a duct 811 and a duct 812. The duct 811 is the chimney 7 and the duct 812 is a gas introduction pipe of the gas combustion chamber 62. 6b, respectively. The cooler 8 is provided with a cooling water passage, a discharge port, and a condensate discharge port for pyrolysis gas. 9 is an air preheater, 10 is an auxiliary fuel tank, 101 is a combustion burner for auxiliary fuel, and 102 is an oil feed pipe. B1 is combustion air blower, B2 is gasification air blower, B3 is auxiliary combustion air blower, D1 is combustion air damper, D2 is carbonization furnace damper, D3 is chimney damper, D4, D5 is cooler damper, and T1, T2, T3 is a thermocouple thermometer serving as a temperature sensor, and Z1 and Z2 are electromagnetic on-off valves. Reference numerals 311 and 611 denote ducts for sending the air warmed by the air preheater 9 to the gasification chamber 3 and the biomass fuel combustion chamber 61.

FIG. 2 shows the carbonization furnace 1 of the vertical vessel in the high-temperature carbonization apparatus of FIG. 1, wherein 1a, 1b and 1c are a heat-resistant and air-permeable wire mesh and a porous structure which divide the carbonization furnace 1 into four parts. A plate or grid-like shelf board, 11 is an object to be treated and filled on the shelf board 1a, 12 is a gasification material also filled and arranged on the shelf board 1b, 13 is an open / close door, and the carbonization chamber 2 The object to be processed 11 and the gasification material 12 in the gasification chamber 3 are opened and closed. 3a is a gasification air introduction port for introducing air into the gasification chamber, 4a is a combustion gas introduction port, 4b is a plurality of gas rectifying plates that are moderately inclined and gradually different in height, and D2 is the carbonization furnace A carbonization furnace damper used for adjusting the flow rate of the combustion gas introduced to 1 is rotatably disposed at the combustion gas inlet 4a. Reference numeral 51 denotes gas discharge ports for the combustion gas, pyrolysis gas, and generator gas collected in the gas collecting chamber 5.

Hereinafter, the carbonization process in the high temperature carbonization apparatus of this invention and the control according to it are demonstrated.

FIG. 3 shows an example of setting change characteristics of the entire carbonization treatment process according to the embodiment of the present invention. The first stage of the drying process, pyrolysis / carbonization / homogenization process, and carbonization / refining / homogenization It is the temperature schedule which showed the relationship between the temperature of the to-be-processed object or carbonization chamber in each process of the 2nd step of a process, and a cooling process, and elapsed time.

A heating method when performing high-temperature carbonization treatment at 1000 ° C. in accordance with the temperature schedule shown in FIG. 3 and a control method thereof will be described in the case where an object to be processed is a wood log.

  First, as operation preparation, each time: t0 to t7 corresponding to the temperature of the temperature schedule of FIG. 3 is set. The carbonized chamber 2 in the carbonization furnace 1 is treated with a log 11, the gasification chamber 3 is made of wood chips such as offcuts as the gasification material 12, and the biomass fuel basket 61 b in the combustion chamber 61 is made of offcuts etc. After filling each predetermined amount of biomass fuel 61a, the open / close door 13 of the carbonization furnace 1, the open / close door (not shown) of the combustion furnace 6, and the inlet 64 with the lid of the combustion chamber 61 are closed. Then, the carbonization furnace damper D2 and the cooler damper D4 are fully opened, and the chimney damper D3 and one of the cooler dampers D5 are fully closed.

  Next, the biomass fuel 61a is ignited, the combustion air blower B1 is operated, and the biomass fuel is combusted little by little while supplying appropriate air. Then, the combustion gas of the biomass fuel flows into the carbonization furnace through the gas passage 63 around the carbonization furnace, and gathers in the gasification chamber 5 through the gaps between the filled gasification material 12 and the workpiece 11. To do. At this time, the heat of the combustion gas heats the outer wall surface of the carbonization furnace, the gasification material 12 in the carbonization furnace, and the workpiece 11 and gradually raises the temperature. At this time, the temperature in the carbonization chamber or the temperature of the workpiece 11 and the rate of temperature increase are controlled by controlling the combustion amount of the biomass fuel 61a. The combustion amount is controlled by the temperature sensor T1. Alternatively, it is performed by increasing or decreasing the amount of air supplied by adjusting the opening degree of the combustion air damper D1 while detecting the temperature of the object 11 to be processed.

  When the temperature in the carbonization chamber reaches about 100 ° C. after elapse of t1 time, the temperature of the processing object 11 is sufficiently dried by maintaining this temperature for t2 hours. At this time, the gasification material 12 is also dried in the same manner. In order to achieve efficient operation, this t2 time is obtained in advance by a preliminary test or the like.

  In this process, the combustion gas containing moisture is collected in the gas collecting chamber 5 and is cooled together with the evaporated moisture into the cooler 8 through the gas outlet 51 and the duct 511. Here, the moisture is condensed and stored in the lower tank of the cooler, and the gaseous component of the combustion gas which is not condensed is sent to the chimney 7 through the duct 81, the damper D4 and the duct 811 and discharged to the outdoors.

  When the drying process is complete (t2 hours have elapsed), the thermal decomposition / carbonization process starts, the temperature of the object 11 begins to rise gradually, reaches 130 ° C to 150 ° C, and thermal decomposition occurs from the surface of the object 11 Come. At this time, the chimney damper D3 is half-opened, the cooler damper D4 is fully closed, and the cooler damper D5 is fully opened. When the temperature further rises to 200 ° C. to 300 ° C., the amount of pyrolysis gas generated becomes significant, and carbonization proceeds significantly. Since the thermal decomposition reaction at this time is an exothermic reaction, the thermal decomposition heat is stored inside the object to be processed 11, and the temperature of the entire object to be processed increases rapidly to reach about 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. . When heating with the combustion gas of biomass fuel is continued in parallel with this pyrolysis reaction, the inside of the carbonizing furnace, the object 11 and the gasification material 12 reach about 600 ° C. (t3 hours have elapsed) to become charcoal charcoal. In this pyrolysis / carbonization process, the combustion gas containing the pyrolysis gas enters the cooler 8 and is cooled, and a part of the pyrolysis gas becomes the pyroligneous acid liquid, but the other pyrolysis gas together with the combustion gas is a cooler damper D5. The gas combustion furnace 62 is entered from the cooling gas inlet 6b through the duct 812. The combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas is combusted here, and is discharged together with the biomass fuel combustion gas through the combustion gas passage 63 and through the chimney damper D3 to the outside from the chimney 7. A part of the combustion gas at this time is again introduced into the carbonization furnace 1 from the carbonization furnace damper D2, and is used for heating in the furnace.

  Thereafter, the temperature of 600 ° C. is maintained until t4 hours have elapsed so that the object 11 in the carbonization chamber 2 is carbonized into homogeneous charcoal. If charcoal is used, the heat conductivity is improved and the temperature is relatively quickly reached. Therefore, this holding time is usually about 1.5 to 2 hours (end of the first stage).

Next, the second stage is entered, but it is difficult to raise the temperature inside the furnace to 600 ° C. or higher with the amount of combustion gas of the biomass fuel 61a. The gasification material 12 that is (charcoal) is partially burned, and the temperature of the object to be treated 11 is increased by the combustion heat. To do this, first, the carbonization furnace damper D2 is fully closed so that a low amount of combustion gas is not introduced into the carbonization furnace in large quantities. Thereafter, a small amount of air is intermittently introduced from the gasification air inlet 3 a to give oxygen to the gasification material 12. Then, the gasification material 12 is burned little by little, and the gasification material itself is heated to a high temperature, and at the same time, a high-temperature combustion gas is generated. Then, the entire inside of the carbonization furnace 1 having a substantially sealed container shape is directly heated to raise the temperature, and the object to be treated 11 is also raised to 600 ° C. or more, so that the intended carbonization temperature can be reached. . The temperature control of the gasification chamber 3 at this time is performed by the temperature sensor T2, and a necessary amount of air is supplied to the gasification chamber 3 in conjunction with the gasification air blower B2 and the electromagnetic on-off valve Z1. In addition, the temperature sensor T1 for detecting the temperature of the carbonizing chamber 2 or the temperature of the workpiece 11 is linked with the gasified air blower B2 and the electromagnetic on-off valve Z1 to control the temperature of the carbonizing chamber 2 or the temperature of the workpiece 11. You can also At this stage, the chimney damper D3 is fully opened, but the internal pressure of the gas combustion chamber 62 may be detected to adjust the opening degree of the chimney damper D3. The main reaction that occurs in the gasification chamber 3 by the operation at this time is represented by the following equation (1).
C + O2 + 3.76N2 CO2 + 3.76N2 + 97.0kcal (1)
Charcoal air exhaust gas

In the latter stage of the second stage where the internal temperature of the gasification chamber 3 has reached 800 ° C. to 850 ° C., if a small amount of air continues to be introduced intermittently or continuously, the following equations (2) and (3) A large amount of combustible gas (CO gas) is generated by the reactor gasification reaction shown. The amount of the combustible gas generated is proportional to the amount of air to be supplied, and can be controlled by adjusting the gasified air blower B2 and the electromagnetic on-off valve Z1.
2C + O2 + 3.76N2 2CO + 3.76N2 + 58.0kcal (2)
Charcoal Air Combustible gas
C + CO2 CO-40.8kcal (3)
Charcoal exhaust gas Combustible gas

  The combustible gas (CO gas) generated in the above formulas (2) and (3) exits the gas discharge port 51 of the gas collecting chamber 5 without being burned in the carbonization chamber 2 due to air shortage, and is cooled by the duct 511. It is sent to the gas combustion chamber 62 through the vessel 8, the cooler damper D5, the duct 812 and the gas introduction pipe 6b. Here, sufficient air is given by the auxiliary combustion air blower B3 and the combustible gas is burned, and the outer wall surface of the carbonization furnace 1 is heated.

Thus, in the second stage, the heat generated in the gasification reaction of the gasification material can be performed without burning the workpiece 11 in the carbonization chamber 2 and without consuming special fossil fuel. Direct heating and indirect heating with a combustible gas can raise the temperature to a high temperature of 850 ° C. or higher and reach the target carbonization temperature of 1000 ° C. This temperature can reach as high as 1200 ° C.

If the workpiece 11 reaches the temperature of 1000 ° C set here (after t5 hours), the temperature of the 1000 ° C for a predetermined time (about 1.5 hours to 2 hours) to homogenize the workpiece 11 Hold.

  After this homogenization step (after the elapse of t6 hours), the carbonization process is completed, and the gasification air blower B2 is stopped to stop the introduction of air into the gasification chamber 3. After a while, the combustion air blower B1 and the auxiliary combustion air blower B3 are operated, and the carbonization furnace 1 is naturally cooled while discharging the combustible gas remaining in the combustion furnace 6 to the outside.

  When the temperature of the carbonization chamber drops to about 100 ° C. (after the elapse of t7 hours), the open / close door (not shown) of the combustion furnace 6 and the open / close door 13 of the carbonization furnace 1 are opened to take out the charcoal inside. During natural cooling, it usually reaches about 100 ° C after 1 to 2 days. However, with the carbonization furnace damper D2 fully closed, the combustion air blower B1 is fully operated and air is sent to the outer wall of the carbonization furnace. Can also be forced-cooled. In this case, the inside of the furnace can be taken out and lowered to the temperature in half a day to one day.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Other various embodiment is included. That is, in the said embodiment, although the carbonization furnace 1 and the combustion furnace 6 were made into the integral type, both may be made into a separate type, and both may be set as a separate type. Further, the gasification chamber 3 may not be disposed in the vicinity of the carbonization chamber 2 but may be disposed outside the combustion furnace 6 at a position separated from the carbonization furnace 1 or separately from the carbonization furnace 1. It may be connected as a separate container independent of the chemical conversion chamber 3 by ducts and disposed in the same container having a heat insulating structure or in the same combustion furnace. Further, the carbonization furnace 1 or the carbonization chamber 2 may be detachable and taken out of the combustion furnace 6. Furthermore, the duct 511 may be arranged so as to be directly connected to the gas introduction pipe 6b so that the vinegar liquid is not taken. In this case, the duct D3 is kept open. In any case, the idea and concept are the same as in the above embodiment.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the high temperature carbonization apparatus concerning embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the vertical carbonization furnace of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. An example of the setting change characteristic of the all carbonization process concerning embodiment of this invention is shown, and is the temperature schedule which showed the relationship of the temperature of a to-be-processed object or a carbonization chamber with respect to elapsed time.

Explanation of symbols

1 Carbonization furnace
11 Workpiece
12 Gasification material 2 Carbonization chamber 3 Gasification chamber
3a Gasification air inlet 4 Gas rectifying chamber 5 Gas collecting chamber
51 Gas outlet 6 Combustion furnace
61 Biomass fuel combustion chamber
61a Biomass fuel
62 Gas combustion chamber 7 Chimney 8 Pyrolysis gas cooler 9 Air preheater
B1, B2, B3 Air blower
D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 damper
T1, T2, T3 temperature sensors
Z1 Z2 Solenoid open / close valve

Claims (8)

A batch-type carbonization device that controls the temperature of the object to be processed or the temperature in the furnace, and heats the object to be processed in the first stage of drying, pyrolysis and carbonization, and the second stage of carbonization and refining. A high-temperature carbonization method characterized in that it is carried out by a method different from the stage. 2. The high-temperature carbonization method according to claim 1, wherein in the first stage, the heating from the outside temperature to 600 ° C. is performed by directly heating the object to be treated and the combustion gas of biomass fuel, and indirectly by the combustion gas. Heating is performed in combination, and heating up to about 600 ° C to about 800 ° C in the first stage of the second stage is performed by using indirect heating with a combustion gas of biomass fuel and direct heating with a separately prepared gasification material combustion gas. In the latter stage of the second stage, at 800 ° C. or more and about 1200 ° C., direct heating by the heat generated by the gasification reaction of the gasification material and indirect by the combustion gas of the gas generated from the gasification reaction of the generator A high-temperature carbonization method characterized by being performed in combination with heating. 3. The high temperature carbonization method according to claim 2, wherein the gasification material used for the second stage heating is biomass or charcoal of charcoal, bamboo charcoal, and waste. It is a batch type carbonization device, and the carbonization device is formed integrally with a combustion furnace having an outer surface heat insulating structure disposed below the carbonization furnace in a form incorporating the carbonization furnace, and a combustion air inlet, Biomass fuel inlet, biomass fuel combustion chamber, gas combustion chamber for pyrolysis gas and generator gas, gas passages arranged at appropriate intervals around the outer wall of the carbonization furnace, and air near the top of the combustion furnace A chimney having a preheater and a chimney damper, and a combustion furnace having an open / close door disposed on one outer surface near the carbonization furnace, and a pyrolysis gas cooler, air blower, duct, air And a combustion gas flow control damper, a temperature sensor and a control device. 5. The high-temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the carbonization furnace is a vertical container made of a heat-resistant metal or ceramic having an open / close door on one side, and the inside thereof is a breathable and heat-resistant wire mesh, a perforated plate Alternatively, it consists of four chambers divided into four in the vertical direction by a grid-like shelf plate, and the uppermost chamber is a gas rectifying chamber in which a plurality of rectifying plates are arranged, and has a single combustion gas introduction port equipped with a carbonization furnace damper. The second chamber is a gasification chamber filled with the gasification material, the gasified air introduction port is disposed on the side surface, and the third chamber is a carbonization chamber filled with an object to be processed. In the high temperature carbonization apparatus, the lowermost chamber is constituted by a gas collecting chamber having a gas discharge port at one place. 5. The high-temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the pyrolysis gas cooler and the gas discharge port of the gas collecting chamber are connected by a duct, and the gas discharge portion at the top of the cooler has a branch. One duct is connected to the flue portion at an intermediate position between the chimney damper and the air preheater, and the other is connected to the gas combustion chamber of the combustion furnace via one damper. A high-temperature carbonization apparatus characterized by comprising: 5. The high-temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the gasified air inlet and the air preheater are connected via a solenoid valve and a gasified air blower, and the combustion air inlet and the air preheater are a combustion air blower. And a combustion air damper, each of which is connected by a duct. The high-temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 4 and claim 5, wherein temperature sensors for detecting respective indoor temperatures are arranged in the carbonization chamber, the gasification chamber, and the gas combustion chamber, The carbonization chamber is a combustion air damper of the combustion air blower, the gasification chamber is an electromagnetic on-off valve of the gasification air blower, and the gas combustion chamber is an electromagnetic on-off valve of an auxiliary combustion air blower. A high-temperature carbonization apparatus characterized by being connected to

Images