JPWO2006070866A1 - Milled product manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a pulverized product producing apparatus having high pulverized product production efficiency and pulverized product recovery efficiency, and a pulverized product produced using the same. According to the present invention, high pulverized product production efficiency and pulverized product recovery efficiency can be obtained by utilizing pulverization and transport of pulverized product using wind power. First, when the impeller (rotary blade) in the pulverizer 3 is rotated, the inside of the pulverizer 3 is in a pressurized turbulent state by the wind force. Further, the centrifuge 4 is operated. Next, when the raw material is introduced from the raw material inlet 14, it is pulverized by the pulverizer 3 to become a pulverized product. The pulverized product is supplied to the centrifugal separator 4 by the wind force of the pulverizer 3 and the suction force of the gas suction device 15. The pulverized material is collected inside the collector 5 below the centrifugal separator 4. Further, the pulverized material that could not be separated by the centrifugal separator 4 is collected in the collector 5 below the filtration / collection means 6. The apparatus and the manufacturing method may be appropriately changed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus and a pulverized product manufactured using the same.

  The pulverized product manufacturing technology is important in all technical fields such as food, pharmaceuticals, building materials, fuels, etc. Therefore, the development of excellent pulverized product manufacturing technology is required for all materials such as wood, grains, plastics and inorganic substances. It has been. Furthermore, in order to efficiently produce a pulverized product on a large scale, not only a pulverized product manufacturing technique but also a technology for efficiently recovering the manufactured pulverized product is important. As a part of the pulverized product recovery process, for example, a pulverized product transport process, a storage process, and the like are used. Therefore, in order to efficiently recover the pulverized product, for example, techniques for efficiently performing these processes are also available. It becomes important.

  Since the pulverized product manufacturing technique is important in all technical fields as described above, many and many types of pulverizers and pulverized product manufacturing apparatuses using the same are known. For example, in the powdered food manufacturing apparatus described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the pulverized product produced by the pulverizer is recovered by the suction force of the gas suction machine, and if necessary, from the gas using the pulverized product separator. By separating, it collects more efficiently.

However, the conventional pulverized product manufacturing apparatus may have problems such as the limitation of the pulverized product production efficiency derived from the performance of the pulverizer, the quality degradation of the pulverized product due to the heat generated by the device, the limit of the pulverized product recovery efficiency, etc. . Therefore, there is a need for a pulverized material production apparatus that can produce a high-quality pulverized material with higher pulverized material production efficiency and pulverized material recovery efficiency.
JP 7-194359 A JP-A-8-23946 JP-A-8-23947

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a pulverized product production apparatus having high pulverized product production efficiency and pulverized product recovery efficiency, and a pulverized product produced using the same.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention comprises:
A pulverizer for pulverizing the raw material, means for supplying the raw material to the pulverizer, and means for recovering the pulverized product produced by the pulverizer,
A passage is formed from the inside of the pulverizer to the inside of the pulverized material collecting means, and gas can pass through the passage along with the pulverized material, and the passage has a gas inlet on the pulverizer side, And a pulverized product producing apparatus, wherein gas outlets are respectively formed on the pulverized product recovery means side,
The pulverizer has a function of generating wind force in the gas, and uses the wind force to pulverize the raw material by forcibly passing through the fine holes of the screen to produce a pulverized product, and It is a pulverizer that supplies the pulverized material into the pulverized material recovery means using wind power.

  The pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention uses the wind force generated by the pulverizer to pulverize the raw material and transport the pulverized material, so that the pulverized material production efficiency and the pulverized material recovery efficiency are high. As a result, the pulverized product can be efficiently produced on a large scale. In addition, the pulverized product of the present invention is manufactured using such a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, so that it is low-cost and high quality.

It is a figure which shows an example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the ground material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the ground material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the ground material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows a part in another example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows a part in another example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the ground material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the ground material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the grinder used for the ground material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the impeller used for this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the impeller used for this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the impeller used for this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the impeller used for this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the impeller used for this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the screen used for this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the screen used for this invention. It is a figure which illustrates a part of screen used for this invention. It is a figure which illustrates a part of wedge wire screen used for this invention. It is a figure which illustrates the shape of a casing. It is a figure which illustrates the structure combined with the structure of a casing, and a screen and an impeller. It is a figure which shows another example of the grinder used for this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the grinder used for this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the grinder used for this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the measurement conditions of a pulverizer internal wind speed and air volume. It is a figure which shows typically the measurement conditions of the passage internal wind speed and air volume in a pulverized material manufacturing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the impeller of an Example typically. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus with which the pulverizer and the pulverized material collection | recovery means are arrange | positioned adjacently. FIG. 29 is a top view and a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which inserted the adapter in the apparatus of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus with which the pulverizer and the pulverized material collection | recovery means are arrange | positioned adjacently. FIG. 32 is a top view and a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of FIG. 31. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus with which the pulverizer and the pulverized material collection | recovery means are arrange | positioned adjacently. It is a figure which shows an example of the grinder in which the auxiliary gas introduction port is formed. It is a figure which shows an example of the vertical crusher in which the auxiliary gas introduction port is formed. It is a figure which shows another example of the grinder in which the auxiliary gas inlet is formed. It is a figure which shows another example of the vertical crusher in which the auxiliary gas introduction port is formed. It is a figure which shows an example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus using the grinder of FIG. It is a figure which shows another example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus using the grinder of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus using the pulverizer (vertical pulverizer) of FIG. It is a figure which shows the further another example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus using the grinder of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus with which the said grinder and the said pulverized material collection | recovery means are arrange | positioned adjacently.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. However, this invention is not limited only to the form shown below.

[Crusher]
First, a pulverizer used in the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention will be described. As described above, this pulverizer has a function of generating wind power in the gas, pulverizes the raw material using the wind power, and supplies the pulverized material into the pulverized material collecting means using the wind power. Crusher. According to such a pulverizer, there are various advantages in the production efficiency and ease of production of the pulverized product. Hereinafter, these advantages will be specifically described.

  That is, first, as a conventional method for pulverizing a solid raw material to produce a pulverized product, for example, the solid raw material collides with a hammer or a blade to cause crushing or abrasion to the solid raw material. Further, there is a method of further pulverizing to obtain a pulverized product. As a specific example, for example, there is a method using a so-called pin mill or the like. However, this method requires a great deal of force and time for grinding. In addition, there is a problem of damage to the blade and wear of the hammers, which may further reduce the grinding efficiency. In addition, energy loss may occur due to the collision between the hammers or the blades and the solid raw material, which may lead to further reduction in pulverization efficiency, and heat generated by the energy may lead to deterioration in the quality of the pulverized product. For example, in the case of a substance that melts by heat, the pulverized product may be melted, and in the case of food powder, the quality may be degraded by heat. There is a risk of powder explosion.

  Furthermore, although the crushing method by collision with hammers or blades is effective for hard materials, it is difficult to crush soft materials. For example, thermoplastics and rubbers, especially thermoplastic rubbers with a glass transition temperature in the minus temperature range, gelatin, collagen, etc., are susceptible to plastic deformation due to thermal energy due to impact or impact, and a large amount of fine powder is obtained at once. Is difficult. Since these raw materials are difficult to pulverize at room temperature, they are pulverized by giving impact or friction while being kept in a frozen state. In particular, for collagen, gelatin, and the like that are excellent in low-temperature characteristics in terms of chemical structure, a pulverization technique by a mechanical or wet method under an ultra-low temperature maintained in a closed system can be applied. However, since these methods require the raw material to be frozen before pulverization, they are very expensive and have a problem in terms of production efficiency of the pulverized product.

  On the other hand, since the pulverizer used in the present invention pulverizes the raw material using wind power, the soft raw material can be easily pulverized at normal temperature. Furthermore, problems such as energy loss due to collision between hammers and blades with solid raw materials, reduction in pulverization efficiency, and reduction in quality of pulverized products are also solved. The pulverized product of the present invention is manufactured using the pulverized product production apparatus of the present invention including such a pulverizer, thereby being low in cost and high quality.

  Furthermore, since the pulverizer used in the present invention is a pulverizer that supplies the pulverized material into the pulverized material recovery means using the wind force generated by itself, the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention using the pulverized material is Excellent pulverized material transport capability and high pulverized material recovery efficiency.

  In the present invention, the “pulverized product” refers to, for example, a powder having a particle size of 1000 μm or less, but is not limited thereto, and may be a fine powder having a finer particle size, and conversely, the particle size is The particles may be larger than 1000 μm, or may be other, for example, a fibrous pulverized product. According to the present invention, fine powder having an extremely fine particle diameter can be obtained with high quality for the reasons described above. For example, in some cases, it is possible to obtain fine powder having a particle size of about 50 μm or even smaller. Furthermore, the “pulverized product” in the present invention is not limited to a solid, and may be a liquid or paste-like pulverized product. As will be described later, according to the present invention, a highly water-containing substance can be easily pulverized, so that a liquid or paste-like pulverized product can also be produced.

  The pulverizer used in the present invention has a function of generating wind power in a gas, pulverizes the raw material using the wind force, and supplies the pulverized material into the pulverized material collecting means using the wind force. Although it is not particularly limited except that it is a pulverizer, for example, it includes an outer peripheral portion (casing), a screen having fine holes, and a rotary blade (impeller), and the screen and the rotary blade (impeller) have an outer periphery. The outer peripheral portion (casing) is covered with the outer peripheral portion (casing), and the outer peripheral portion (casing) has a raw material introduction port connected to the raw material supply means, and a pulverized material discharge port connected to the pulverized material recovery means, The raw material inlet and the pulverized material outlet in the outer periphery (casing) are separated by a partition formed by the screen, and the rotary blade (impeller) Arranged on the inlet side, utilizing the wind force generated by the rotation of the rotary blade (impeller), to produce a pulverized product by pulverizing the raw material through the fine holes of the screen, And it is preferable that it is a grinder which supplies the said ground material inside the said ground material collection means using the wind force. The shape of the screen is not particularly limited, but the curved surface is used in order to efficiently pass the raw material through the fine pores of the screen (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “fine pores” or simply “voids”) and pulverize them. It is more preferable that the screen has a cylindrical shape, and it is particularly preferable that the screen has a cylindrical shape and is arranged so that the cylinder surrounds the periphery of the rotary blade (impeller).

  FIG. 10 shows an example of such a pulverizer. 10 (a) and 10 (b) are diagrams schematically showing the configuration of the pulverizer, FIG. 10 (a) is a sectional view, and FIG. 10 (b) is a perspective view. Moreover, FIG.10 (c) is a perspective view which shows the state which removed the casing (outer peripheral part) from this grinder. As illustrated, the pulverizer 3 includes a casing 18, a cylindrical screen 19, an impeller 20, and a motor unit 21 as main components. The screen 19 has a large number of fine holes, and is arranged so that a cylinder surrounds the impeller 20. The casing 18 is disposed so as to further surround the periphery of the impeller 20 and the screen 19, and a cylindrical end portion of the screen 19 is in contact with the inner wall of the casing 18. The casing 18 is formed with a raw material inlet 22 and a pulverized product outlet 2, and the inside of the casing 18 is completely shut off from the outside air at portions other than these. The raw material inlet 22 faces the front of the impeller 20, and the raw material of the pulverized material can be introduced into the cylinder of the screen 19 through the raw material inlet 22. Further, the pulverized product discharge port 2 faces the cylindrical side surface of the screen 19. The raw material introduction port 22 and the pulverized material discharge port 2 are blocked by the screen 19, and the substance can be moved only through the fine holes provided in the screen 19. The shaft portion of the impeller 20 extends outward through the wall of the casing 18 and is connected to the motor unit 21. In a portion where the shaft portion of the impeller 20 penetrates the wall of the casing 18, the airtightness is maintained, and the material does not move inside and outside the casing 18 through the penetration portion.

  According to such a pulverizer, for example, by introducing the raw material from the raw material introduction port 22 while rotating the impeller 20 by the motor unit 21, the raw material is pulverized using the wind force generated by the impeller 20, and pulverized. Can be manufactured. The manufactured pulverized product is supplied to the pulverized product recovery means through the pulverized product discharge port 2 using the wind force.

  As described above, the charged raw material is pulverized by forcibly passing through the holes of the screen 19, but other auxiliary mechanisms such as, for example, pulverized by various mechanisms inside the screen. It is considered that relatively coarse particles may be formed. This pulverization is hereinafter referred to as “screen internal pulverization”. The mechanism of the internal crushing of the screen differs depending on the material and size of the raw material, and not all are obvious. For example, the collision of the raw material with the wind generated by the impeller 20, the collision between the impeller 20 and the raw material, Wear due to the forced passage of the raw material between the inner wall of the screen 19 and the impeller 20 can be considered. In the prior art, as described above, there is a problem that the heat generated by the energy of collision and abrasion reduces the quality of the pulverized material, but in the present invention, even if heat is generated, the reason is that it is easily cooled by wind power. As a result, the quality of the pulverized product is unlikely to deteriorate. In some cases, the pulverized material that has passed through the holes of the screen 19 may be further finely crushed (crushing).

  Next, the structure of each part of such a pulverizer will be described in more detail.

  First, the impeller 20 will be described. In order to efficiently pulverize a large amount of raw material, the impeller 20 is preferably large, but it may be a size suitable for practical use in consideration of an actual pulverized product production scale and the like. For example, industrially, a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus for mass production can have a diameter of 2,000 mm or more, but a portable pulverized product manufacturing apparatus for food powder manufacturing on a table or the like has a diameter of 50 mm or more. The following sizes are also possible: The material of the impeller 20 is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of strength and the like, for example, metals such as stainless steel, carbon steel, special steel, and titanium, ceramics, and the like are preferable. Moreover, it is preferable that the shape of the impeller 20 is a shape having sufficient strength to withstand high-speed rotation. For example, the shape of the impeller 20 may be such that the wings extend only radially from the shaft, but from the viewpoint of strength, for example, a disk-shaped plate extends from the shaft, and the wings are on one or both sides. It may be attached radially. Further, from the viewpoint of grinding efficiency, 4 or more blades are preferable, and 6 or more blades are more preferable. The shape of the wing is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of strong wind power generated by rotation and high crushing efficiency, for example, a so-called plate fan (plate type), turbo fan (turbo type) or the like is preferable, and the width of the wing Is particularly preferred. Further, it is preferable that the width of the wing is relatively small with respect to the length of the wing (the radial dimension of the impeller 20) from the viewpoint of higher pulverization efficiency and the like. Hereinafter, an example of the shape of the impeller 20 will be described more specifically with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 11 shows an example of the impeller 20. Fig.11 (a) is a front view, FIG.11 (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. The impeller shown in the figure is an impeller called a so-called curved swept-wing turbofan. As illustrated, the impeller 20 includes eight wings 201, a main plate 202, and side plates 203 as main components. The main plate 202 has a disk shape and can be rotated in the surface direction with the center as a rotation axis. The wings 201 are coupled to the upper surface of the main plate 202, and the eight blades extend radially from the central portion of the main plate 202 toward the circumference in a direction opposite to the rotation direction, and can be rotated together with the main plate 202. It is. The side plate 203 has a disk shape that is the same size as the main plate 202. The side plate 203 is disposed on the opposite side of the main plate 202 across the wing 201 so as to be parallel to the main plate 202 and overlap the center. It can be rotated together with 201 and the main plate 202. In the space between any two adjacent ones of the wings 201, gas can pass from the center of the impeller 20 to the outer periphery. The arrows in the figure indicate the direction of rotation of the impeller 20 and the direction of gas passage. As shown in the figure, when the impeller 20 rotates, the gap between two adjacent blades 201 moves from the center of the impeller 20 toward the outer periphery. Gas passes through.

  FIG. 12 shows another example of the impeller 20. 12A is a front view, and FIG. 12B is a longitudinal sectional view. The impeller shown in the figure is an impeller called a so-called linearly swept wing turbofan. As shown, the impeller 20 is the same as that shown in FIG. 11 except for the shape of the wing 201. The shape of the wing 201 is not curved but is a flat plate, and eight blades extend radially from the center of the main plate 202 toward the circumference in a direction opposite to the rotation direction at equal intervals.

  FIG. 13 shows another example of the impeller 20. FIG. 13A is a front view, and FIG. 13B is a longitudinal sectional view. The impeller shown in the figure is an impeller called a so-called plate fan or a linear radial airfoil. As shown, the impeller 20 is the same as that shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 except for the shape of the wing 201. The shape of the wing 201 is a flat plate, and eight pieces are equidistant from the center of the main plate 202 toward the circumference, and are not inclined, but along the linear direction connecting the center (rotation axis) of the main plate 202 and the circumference. It extends radially.

  FIG. 14 shows another example of the impeller 20. FIG. 14A is a front view, and FIG. 14B is a longitudinal sectional view. The impeller shown in the figure is a so-called plate fan, and is the same as FIG. 13 except that it does not have a side plate. The width of the wing 201, that is, the dimension of the surface of the main plate 202 and the vertical direction increases from the center of the impeller 20 toward the outer periphery in a short distance near the center, and thereafter is constant.

  FIG. 15 shows another example of the impeller 20. Fig.15 (a) is a front view, FIG.15 (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. The impeller shown in the figure is also a kind of plate fan, and is the same as FIG. 14 except that the shape of the wing 201 is a tapered shape. That is, the width of the impeller wing 201 increases from the center of the impeller 20 toward the outer periphery in a short distance near the center, and then decreases toward the outer periphery.

  The impellers as shown in FIGS. 11 to 15 are used in various blowers, gas suction machines, and the like, and in the field of pulverized product manufacturing technology, for example, using a gas suction machine having such an impeller, pulverized product transport Therefore, the gas inside the pulverized product manufacturing apparatus was sucked. However, there has been no technique for producing a pulverized product using wind power by using such an impeller for the pulverizer itself.

  There have been pulverizers that pulverize raw materials with rotating blades, but the raw materials are pulverized with cutting blades and hammers attached to the rotating blades. As described above, the efficiency of pulverized product production, quality of pulverized products, cost, etc. There is a problem from the point of view. In addition, a method of pulverizing a solid using a wind force such as a jet stream or a shock wave has been conventionally available. This method has been used particularly for pulverizing soft materials that are difficult to pulverize, materials that are sensitive to heat, and the like. For example, a so-called pulverizer called a jet mill or a turbo mill is well known as a practical machine. A normal temperature pulverization method using a jet mill is used for refining carbon (charcoal) recovered from waste tires, and a plastic such as polyethylene is pulverized using a turbo mill. However, these are also different from the present invention in that they are pulverizers using a combination of wind pressure and a blade such as a mill, and that pulverized material classification using a vibrating sieve is essential. In contrast, the present inventors have found a structure of a pulverizer suitable for producing pulverized material using wind power and supplying the pulverized material inside the pulverized material collecting means using the wind force. Realized high pulverized product production efficiency and pulverized product recovery efficiency.

  Impellers used in various blowers, gas suction machines, and the like are required to have strength for securing air volume and wind pressure, but the impeller used in the pulverizer in the present invention preferably has higher strength. That is, since it is an impeller used in a pulverizer, the degree of comparison with a conventional rotary blade type pulverizer is low, but collision with the raw material, passage of raw material and coarse particles between the impeller tip and the inner wall of the screen, impeller There is a possibility that a load is applied to the impeller due to biting of pulverized material between the casing and the casing. Therefore, the impeller used for the pulverizer in the present invention preferably has a strength that can withstand these, and in order to absorb rotation speed fluctuations, motor load fluctuations, and the like based on these, those having as large an inertial force as possible are preferred. . For example, it is preferable that the main plate is thick and heavy from the viewpoint of both strength and inertial force.

  Among the impellers as shown in FIGS. 11 to 15, for example, a turbo-type impeller is likely to generate a wind force in a wind direction close to a right angle with respect to the screen, and has a stronger force for forcibly passing the screen hole. It is believed that there is. On the other hand, the plate-type impeller is more suitable for generating a swirling flow inside the screen and allowing the raw materials and coarse particles to flow freely, and it is considered that a stable air volume is easily secured. And it is thought that the force for causing the crushing inside the screen is stronger. Further, an impeller without a side plate is preferable from the viewpoints that it is difficult to limit the free flow of the raw material, and that pulverized material is less likely to accumulate in the space between the wings. Further, when a tapered plate fan as shown in FIG. 15 is used, a higher crushing force can be obtained. Such a tapered impeller is particularly suitable for crushing hard raw materials that require particularly high crushing power. In this case, as will be described later, it is particularly preferable that the inner shape of the casing is tapered in accordance with the impeller, that is, the peripheral width is narrow. Further, for example, a wide impeller as shown in FIG. 14 is particularly suitable for pulverizing a raw material having a high water content, a soft raw material, a sticky raw material, or the like. Specific examples of such raw materials include plant-derived raw materials such as cereals and weeds, flexible polymer substances, and the like. The shape of the impeller used in the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the shape shown in FIGS. 11 to 15 and can be any shape. Depending on the characteristics, depending on the type of raw material, the processing amount, and the like. May be used appropriately.

  Next, the screen 19 will be described. The material of the screen 19 is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of strength, wear resistance, ease of processing, corrosion resistance, etc., for example, metal or ceramic is preferable, and examples of the metal include carbon steel, stainless steel, special steel, Titanium or the like is more preferable. Although the thickness of the screen 19 is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 0.5 to 30 mm, preferably 1.0 to 30 mm, preferably 1.5 to 30 mm from the viewpoint of strength, workability of fine holes, reduction of pressure loss in the screen 19, and the like. 10 mm is more preferable. Further, as described above, the shape of the screen 19 is particularly preferably a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 10, but other shapes are also possible. In the case where the screen 19 is cylindrical, if the thickness is large, there is an advantage that the screen 19 is easy to manufacture from the standpoint of roundness processing accuracy and the like. However, it is preferable that the thickness of the screen 19 is not excessive from the viewpoint of easy passage of the pulverized material.

  FIG. 16 shows an example of the shape of the screen 19. FIG. 16A shows a state where the reinforcing plate is not attached, and FIG. 16B shows a state where the reinforcing plate is attached. As shown in FIG. 16A, the screen 19 includes a screen effective portion 191 and a screen support portion 192 as main components. The screen effective part 191 and the screen support part 192 are integrally formed in a cylindrical shape, and a part of the lower part of the cylinder forms the screen support part 192, and the remaining most part forms the screen effective part 191. . The screen effective portion 191 has fine holes on the side surface, but the screen support portion 192 does not have fine holes on the side surface. Further, a ring-shaped support plate surrounding the periphery of the cylinder is formed at the lower end of the screen support portion 192. The support plate is provided with a bolt hole, and the screen 19 can be connected to the casing 18 by this bolt hole. It is. FIG. 16B shows a state in which three ring-shaped reinforcing plates 193 are attached to the screen of FIG. Each of the reinforcing plates 193 surrounds the cylindrical portion of the screen 19, and one reinforcing plate 193 is disposed at each of the lower end, the middle portion, and the upper end of the cylindrical portion. A bolt hole is provided in the upper end of the cylindrical portion, that is, the reinforcing plate 193 opposite to the screen support portion 192, and the screen 19 can be connected to the casing 18 through this bolt hole.

  The length of the screen effective portion 191 (the cylinder height direction, that is, the dimension perpendicular to the rotation surface of the impeller 20) is not particularly limited, but is it the same as the width of the outer periphery of the impeller 20 (dimension in the direction perpendicular to the rotation surface)? A wider area is preferable for smooth passage of the pulverized material.

  The strength of the screen 19 is preferably strong enough to withstand the wind pressure when the impeller 20 is rotated. For example, the screen 19 can withstand the pressure inside the screen when the impeller 20 is rotated with the air holes closed. It is more preferable. Further, the impact force when raw materials and coarse particles pass between the screen 19 and the impeller 20 and the force when reducing the pressure by sucking the gas outside the screen 19 can be applied to the internal pressure of the screen. It is particularly preferred that the screen 19 can withstand. The reinforcing plate 193 may be omitted if not necessary. However, since the strength becomes more important as the screen becomes larger, it is preferably reinforced with a reinforcing plate or the like. In particular, in the case of a large screen, more reinforcing plates may be provided than in FIG. An example is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, this screen has a screen effective portion 191 and a screen support portion 192 similar to those in FIG. 16 as main components, and a reinforcing plate 193 is further attached. The reinforcing plate 193 has one more ring-shaped reinforcing plate than that in FIG. 16B, and is arranged at the lower end of the screen cylindrical portion, two at the middle portion, and one at the upper end. Further, four straight reinforcing plates are arranged at equal intervals around the screen cylindrical portion so as to be orthogonal to them, and each of the ring-shaped reinforcing plates extends from the lower end to the upper end of the screen cylindrical portion. Passing through. The ring-shaped reinforcing plate and the straight reinforcing plate are joined together at a portion where they are in contact with each other to form a cage-shaped reinforcing plate 193 surrounding the screen cylindrical portion. The reinforcing plate 193 has a bolt hole at the upper end of the screen cylindrical portion and can be connected to the casing 18, and the screen support portion 192 can be connected to the opposite side of the casing 18 with a bolt. In this way, by connecting and fixing the cage-shaped reinforcing plate to the casing simultaneously with the screen, it is possible to obtain a reinforcing effect not only on the screen but also on the casing. Since the strength of not only the screen but also the casing becomes more important as the pulverizer becomes larger, it is particularly effective to reinforce in this way.

  In addition, it is preferable that the position of the reinforcing plate in the screen is, for example, a position where the holes in the screen are not blocked as much as possible. An example is shown in FIG. FIGS. 18A and 18B are diagrams schematically showing a part of the screen surface. As shown in the figure, slit-like holes are provided on the surface of the screen effective portion 191. The slit-like holes are all provided in parallel in FIG. 18A and zigzag in FIG. 18B. ing. 18 (a) and 18 (b), the reinforcing plate 193 passes between the slits (that is, a position having no holes).

The aperture ratio in the screen 19 is not particularly limited, but is preferably not too low from the viewpoint of the production efficiency of the pulverized product. That is, if the aperture ratio is high, a large amount of pulverized material can pass through the screen 19 within a predetermined time, so that the manufacturing efficiency of the pulverized material is improved. Further, if the aperture ratio is not too low, there is little risk that the internal pressure of the screen 19 becomes too high due to wind pressure and the device is damaged. The aperture ratio is preferably not too high from the viewpoint of the strength of the screen 19. The aperture ratio is, for example, 5 to 60%, preferably 10 to 60%, and more preferably 18 to 40%. The hole area ratio is defined as S ₁ (m ² ), which is the total area of holes provided in the screen effective portion 191 on the inner side of the screen 19, that is, the side facing the raw material introduction port 22. If it is assumed that the area of the screen effective portion 191 in the case of S ₂ (m ² ), it is expressed by the following formula (1). However, in Formula (1), P is a hole area ratio (%). In addition, it is assumed that the portion where the screen hole is blocked by the ring-shaped reinforcing plate or the like is not included in the area S ₂ (m ² ) of the screen effective portion 191.

P = (S ₁ / S ₂ ) × 100 (1)

  The shape of the holes in the screen 19 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a circle or any other shape such as a polygon, a slit, or an ellipse. Further, the shape and size of the holes may be the same or different between the inside (impeller 20 side) and the outside (side facing the casing 18) of the screen 19, for example, from the inside of the screen 19 It may be a so-called mortar-shaped hole whose outer side is slightly enlarged. In particular, the slit shape is preferable from the viewpoint that gas can easily pass through even if the pores are fine (that is, it is possible to achieve both further refinement of the pulverized product and high pulverized product production efficiency), and from the same viewpoint. A mortar shape is preferred. In the case of a mortar-shaped hole, for example, a so-called semi-conical hole having a circular shape inside and outside the screen 19 may be used. In addition, the slit shape and the mortar shape are also preferable from the viewpoint of further suppressing heat generation during pulverization. The reason why the heat generation is further suppressed is not necessarily clear, but for example, the reason is that the pulverized product itself is cooled more efficiently and the screen 19, the impeller 20 and the like are cooled more efficiently because of the high gas passage efficiency. It is done. In the case of the slit shape, the direction of the long side and the short side of the slit is not particularly limited. For example, it may be a slit shape that is long in the rotation direction of the impeller 20 and short in the direction perpendicular thereto (hereinafter referred to as a parallel slit). On the contrary, the impeller 20 may have a slit shape (hereinafter referred to as a right-angle slit) having a short rotation direction and a long right angle direction. The right-angle slit makes it easier to pulverize the raw material, and the parallel slit makes the passage efficiency of gas and pulverized material higher. Therefore, for example, the screen 19 may be provided with both parallel slits and right-angle slits. Further, the long side of the slit is not parallel or perpendicular to the rotation direction of the impeller 20, and may be inclined at an arbitrary angle.

  The size of the pores in the screen 19 is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected in consideration of the particle size of the pulverized product to be obtained, the production efficiency of the pulverized product, and the like. Is, for example, 0.20 to 10 mm, preferably 0.25 to 3.0 mm. In the case of the slit shape, the length of the short side is, for example, 0.20 to 3.0 mm, preferably 0.25 to 2.0 mm, and the length of the long side is, for example, 2.0 to 50 mm, preferably 5 0.030 mm, more preferably 10-30 mm. The length of the short side of the slit is, for example, 1/10 to 1/150, preferably 1/15 to 1/100, more preferably 1/20 to 1/50 with respect to the length of the long side. The slit-shaped holes may be rectangular holes having a short side length of about 0.25 mm and a long side length of about 10 mm, for example. In the case of a mortar-shaped hole, the inner side of the screen 19 is, for example, a circle of 0.25 to 3.0 mm, preferably 0.25 to 5.0 mm, and the outer side is, for example, 0.4 to 5.0 mm. , Preferably it is a circle of 0.6 to 8.0 mm. In order to obtain a finer powder, the number of holes on the screen 19 is made as small as possible, and the number of holes is increased as much as possible in order to increase the opening ratio.

  In addition, the method of opening a hole in the screen 19 is not particularly limited, and a so-called punching method or the like may be used. However, if a method such as laser, electron beam, or plasma processing is used, it is easy to open holes having a complicated shape such as a slit type or a mortar type, and it is easy to open many fine holes, and the strength of the screen 19 is maintained. However, it is preferable because the hole area ratio can be further increased.

  The size of the screen 19 itself is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the size of the impeller 20 and the like. In the pulverizer used in the present invention, the raw material is pulverized by forcibly passing through the fine pores of the screen to produce a pulverized product. It is preferable that the area is wide.

  The screen 19 may be a so-called wedge wire screen. The wedge wire screen is used for applications such as water treatment, dehydration, filtration, and sieving. When used in the present invention, for example, a known material may be applied as appropriate, and the strength and the like may be increased by processing, for example, if necessary. FIG. 19 illustrates a part of a wedge wire screen used in the present invention. FIG. 19A is a perspective view showing a part of an example of the wedge wire screen, and FIG. 19B is a perspective view showing a part of another example of the wedge wire screen. (F) is sectional drawing which illustrates the various shape of a wire rod. The wedge wire screen shown in FIG. 19 (a) has a cylindrical shape in which straight wire rods 194 having a triangular cross section are arranged in parallel, and the longitudinal direction of each wire rod 194 is the circumferential direction, that is, the impeller rotation direction. It is vertical. The base of the triangle in each wire rod 194 faces the inside of the cylinder and the apex faces the outside. Around the cylinder, an appropriate number of ring-shaped reinforcing plates (support rods) 193 are attached at appropriate positions. In the wedge wire screen shown in FIG. 19B, ring-shaped wire rods 194 are stacked to form a cylinder, and an appropriate number of straight reinforcing plates (support rods) 193 are positioned at appropriate positions inside the cylinder. It is attached and reaches from the upper end to the lower end of the cylinder. Each wire rod 194 has a triangular cross section, with the base of the triangle facing the outside of the cylinder and the apex facing the inside. 19A and 19B, the wire rods 194 are arranged at appropriate intervals, and the substance can pass through the gaps between the wire rods 194 and the support rods 193. The shape of the entire wedge wire screen may be the same as that shown in FIG. 16B or FIG. 17, for example. That is, the aggregate of the wire rods 194 may form the screen effective portion 191 and further include the screen support portion 192.

  The shape of the cross section of the wire rod 194 may be, for example, a triangle as shown in FIG. For example, the base length W may be 1.19 mm and the height H may be 2.24 mm. Even if W is 1.52 mm and H is 2.54 mm, W is 3.81 mm. Although it may be 5.56 mm, it is not limited to these and is optional. Moreover, the shape of the cross section of the wire rod 194 may be, for example, a shogi piece pentagon as shown in FIG. As an example, the pentagon may have a base length W of 3.30 mm and a height H of 5.35 mm, but is not limited thereto and is arbitrary. The cross section of the wire rod 194 may be, for example, a drop shape as shown in FIG. 19 (e), a circle as shown in FIG. 19 (f), or any other shape.

  In such a wedge wire screen, the gap between the wire rod and the support rod works as a screen hole (fine hole), and it is easy to set the gap width of the wire rod to be narrow. Suitable. The wire rod gap width is not particularly limited. For example, the wire rod gap width may be about 0.125 mm on the inner side of the screen, but may be any gap width larger or smaller than that. In addition, since the gap between the wire rod and the support rod acts as a screen hole (fine hole), the same effect as the slit-like hole can be obtained, and a mortar can be obtained by appropriately setting the shape of the wire rod cross section. It is also possible to obtain the same effect as the vacancy. In order to obtain the same effect as a mortar-shaped hole, for example, the wire rod cross-section should be wide on the inside of the screen and narrow on the outside, and the wire rod gap width should be narrow on the inside of the screen and wide on the outside. good. The direction of the wire rod is not particularly limited, for example, as shown in FIG. 19 (a) or (b). When the longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the impeller, the raw material can be crushed more easily. It is also possible to obtain a fine powder, which is particularly preferable. The preferred strength, porosity, etc. when the screen 19 is a wedge wire screen are not particularly limited, but are the same as those described above, for example.

  In addition, it is preferable to appropriately adjust the gap width between the impeller 20 and the inner wall of the screen 19 according to the size of the raw material to be added, and so on, in order to obtain effects such as further improvement of pulverization efficiency and further suppression of heat generation during pulverization. Although this gap width depends on the size of the raw material, etc., it is, for example, 1 to 50 mm, preferably 2 to 30 mm, more preferably 3 to 25 mm, particularly preferably 5 to 20 mm, for example, about 8 mm or 15 mm. good.

  In the pulverizer 3, it is preferable from the viewpoint of convenience in use that the screen 19 and the impeller 20 are removable. Furthermore, it is more preferable if the screen 19 and the impeller 20 having different sizes and shapes can be appropriately selected by desorption according to the type and size of the input raw material, the particle size and shape of the intended pulverized product, and the like. As an example, in the cylindrical screen 19, the length (cylinder height) is set to a constant value (for example, 240 mm), and the diameter is divided into several types (for example, 300 mm, 350 mm, 400 mm, and 500 mm) depending on the amount of input raw materials, etc. In addition, dozens of types of screens 19 in which the shape and diameter of the holes are variously changed may be prepared, and may be appropriately replaced depending on the purpose. It is the shape and hole diameter (opening diameter) of the holes in the screen 19 that particularly affect the particle diameter and shape of the pulverized product obtained. For example, when the hole is circular, particles that are relatively close to a sphere are easily obtained, and when the hole is slit, particles having an elongated shape such as an oval are likely to be obtained relatively easily. Oval particles may be mixed. However, this tendency depends on other conditions such as the type of raw material and is not absolute.

  Next, the casing 18 will be described. Since the pulverizer 3 is a pulverizer that pulverizes the raw material using wind power generated by the pulverizer itself, the casing 18 is preferably excellent in strength and airtightness. If the casing 18 is excellent in strength, it is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing damage when the inside of the pulverizer 3 is pressurized by wind force, and if the casing 18 is excellent in airtightness, undesirable leakage of pulverized material is desirable. From the viewpoint of preventing.

  The shape of the casing 18 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the flow of pulverized material and coarse particles be made smooth in consideration of the wind direction and the like inside. An example is shown in FIG. 20A is an example of a pulverizer used in the present invention, and FIG. 20B is another example, both of which are cross-sectional views as viewed from the front of the impeller 20. As shown in the figure, in any of the pulverizers, the impeller 20 rotates near the center, and the periphery thereof is surrounded by a substantially cylindrical casing 18, and the pulverized material discharge port is provided on one side of the casing 18. It is provided along the rotation direction. In these drawings, an arrow on the outside of the casing 18 represents the rotation direction of the impeller 20, and an arrow on the inside represents the wind direction inside the casing 18. In these figures, the screen 19 is omitted for simplification. The shape of the screen shown in FIG. 20A is preferable when, for example, the pulverized material is discharged using only the wind force generated by the impeller 20. In this case, as shown in the figure, the wind direction inside the screen 18 tends to be a direction along the rotation direction of the impeller 20. Therefore, the gap width between the impeller 20 and the casing 18 is preferably wide on the side close to the pulverized material discharge port and narrow on the far side along the wind direction, as shown. If it does in this way, a wind speed will become uniform and the flow of a ground material will become smooth. Further, the shape of the screen shown in FIG. 20B is preferable when, for example, gas is sucked from the pulverized material discharge port in addition to the wind force generated by the impeller 20, and the pulverized material is discharged using the suction force. . In this case, as shown in the figure, the wind direction inside the screen 18 tends to be a direction along the gas suction direction. Therefore, as shown in the drawing, it is preferable that the gap width between the impeller 20 and the casing 18 is widened at the position close to the pulverized material discharge port and that the inner wall of the casing 18 is not formed as much as possible. If it does in this way, it is possible to prevent or reduce adhesion and accumulation of the pulverized product in the vicinity of the pulverized product discharge port, and the flow of the pulverized product becomes smooth.

  FIG. 21 illustrates the structure of the casing and the structure combined with the screen and the impeller. FIG. 21A is a perspective view showing an example of the structure of the casing. FIG. 21B is a cross-sectional view of a part of a pulverizer having the same structure as FIG. 10A, and the casing of FIG. 21A is replaced by the same screen and impeller as in FIG. 16 or FIG. The structure combined with is shown. As shown in FIG. 21A, the casing 18 has a structure similar to that of the casing 18 shown in FIG. 10 as a whole, and a casing body 181 having a pulverized material discharge port 2 and a raw material introduction having a raw material introduction port 22. It can be separated from the mouth 182. The material introduction port portion 182 has a ring attached around one end of the material introduction port 22 and can be connected to the casing body 181 through a bolt hole provided in the ring. For example, as shown in FIG. 21 (b), the support plate of the screen support 192 is sandwiched between the casing main body 181 and the raw material introduction port 182 and fixed with bolts. 191 can be fixed with bolts. If it does in this way, the removal | desorption of a screen is easy and cleaning of a grinder etc. are also easy. In this case, it is preferable to insert a packing (not shown) for the purpose of preventing coarse particles from leaking out between the screen and the casing and being discharged from the pulverized material discharge port. This makes it easy to obtain a pulverized product having a uniform particle size distribution and a small particle size. Similarly, from the viewpoint of preventing leakage of coarse particles, it is preferable that the bolt for fixing the screen and the casing is firmly tightened. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of airtightness, it is preferable that the periphery of the rotating shaft of the impeller 20 be sufficiently sealed with a mechanical seal or the like. This is particularly true when, for example, the gas inside the pulverizer is sucked with a powerful gas suction machine such as a roots blower (roots type suction machine), or when the inside of the pulverizer is replaced with an inert gas such as nitrogen. is important.

  Further, as described above, the strength of the casing is preferably able to withstand the pressurized state inside the pulverizer. For example, when the pulverized product is discharged by sucking gas from the pulverized product discharge port, Therefore, it is more preferable that the casing strength is higher. Furthermore, it is more preferable to set the casing strength in consideration of the impact caused by the raw material and coarse particles passing through the gap between the impeller and the casing. For example, as described above, it is also effective to use a reinforcing plate for the screen at the same time for reinforcing the casing.

  In addition, the shape of a casing is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 21, etc., All shapes are possible. For example, when a tapered plate fan as shown in FIG. 15 is used as the impeller 20, it is particularly preferable that the inner shape of the casing is tapered, that is, the width of the periphery is narrow according to the impeller, as shown in FIG. . If it does in this way, the effect that the wind speed inside a casing will become more uniform will be acquired, for example. Further, as shown in FIG. 23, it is preferable to make the inner wall of the casing as round as possible without forming corners from the viewpoint that accumulation of pulverized material hardly occurs at the corners. From this viewpoint, for example, the cross-sectional shape of the inner wall of the outer peripheral portion of the casing shown in FIG. 23 may be a semicircular shape.

  In the pulverizer 3, the material, size, and the like of the motor unit 21 are not particularly limited, and can be set as appropriate according to the purpose. For example, a known motor or the like can be used as the motor unit 21 as appropriate. However, it is preferable that the motor unit 21 can rotate at high speed for efficient pulverization, and the number of rotations can be set according to the type, size, amount, and the like of the raw material. More preferably, it can be changed.

  Moreover, the crusher used for the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of this invention WHEREIN: The rotating shaft of the said impeller may be arrange | positioned in parallel with the direction where gravity acts. That is, the direction of the rotating surface of the impeller may be a horizontal direction. In this case, “parallel” or “horizontal” may be strictly parallel or horizontal, or may be substantially parallel or horizontal. This is preferable because the accumulation of pulverized material due to the influence of gravity is less likely to occur inside the pulverizer, the unevenness of the pulverization load due to the influence of gravity can be reduced, and the wind speed can be made more uniform. Such a structure is particularly preferable in the case of a large pulverizer that produces a large amount of pulverized material. FIG. 24 shows an example of the structure of such a pulverizer. FIG. 24A is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 24B is a transverse sectional view. As shown in the drawing, in this crusher, the impeller 20 has a horizontal rotating surface, the raw material inlet 22 is provided immediately above the impeller 20, and adjacent to the right and left of the raw material inlet 22. 10 is the same as the pulverizer shown in FIG. 10 and the like except that the air suction port 1 is provided and the pulverized material discharge ports 2 are provided in total, two at each end of the casing 18. . A motor unit (not shown) is connected to the impeller 20. If the impeller rotation axis is parallel to the direction of gravity, the influence of gravity on the discharge of the pulverized product can be reduced, so that the pulverized product discharge port can be easily provided at an arbitrary position. For this reason, for example, it is easy to provide a plurality of pulverized product discharge ports 2 as shown in FIG. Although there may be one pulverized product discharge port, a plurality of pulverized product discharge ports as shown in the figure is preferable because the flow of pulverized product between the screen 19 and the casing 18 becomes smoother. This effect is particularly remarkable when the pulverized product is discharged by the suction force of the gas from the pulverized product discharge port. In addition, it is preferable that there are a plurality of air inlets 1 as shown in the drawing, in particular, in the case of a large pulverizer, it is preferable to suck in air, but is not limited to this. It is not necessary. Hereinafter, a pulverizer in which the rotation shaft of the impeller is arranged in parallel with the direction in which the gravity acts is sometimes referred to as a “saddle-type” pulverizer.

[Pulverized product manufacturing apparatus and pulverized product manufacturing method]
Next, the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention and the pulverized material production method using the same will be described in more detail.

  According to the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention, as described above, the pulverized material is manufactured using the wind force generated by the pulverizer, and the pulverized material is supplied into the pulverized material recovery means using the wind force. Therefore, high pulverized product production efficiency and pulverized product recovery efficiency can be realized.

  Hereinafter, several embodiments of a pulverized material production apparatus and a pulverized material production method using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, these are merely examples, and various embodiments of the present invention are possible in addition to these.

(Embodiment 1)
As described above, the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention includes a pulverizer, a raw material supply unit, and a pulverized material recovery unit. For example, the pulverized material recovery unit collects the pulverized material by centrifugal force separation. And means for filtering and collecting the pulverized material collected by the centrifugal separation means. The gas suction machine further includes a gas suction machine, and the gas suction machine is more preferably connected to a gas outlet port in the passage and capable of sucking the gas inside the pulverized material producing apparatus from the gas outlet port. . FIG. 1A shows an example of such a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus. As shown in the figure, this pulverized product manufacturing apparatus includes a pulverizer 3, a raw material input port 14 as a raw material supply unit, a unit (centrifugation unit) 4 for collecting pulverized product by centrifugal force separation, and the centrifuge unit. Means for filtering and collecting the collected pulverized material (filtration collecting means) 6 and a gas suction device 15 are the main components. The pulverizer 3 has a pulverized product discharge port 2, and the structure of the other parts in the pulverizer 3 is as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the pulverized product production apparatus further includes an air suction port (gas inlet port) 1, a pulverized product collector (collector) 5, and an air outlet (gas outlet port). 7 and the like. The air inlet 1 is connected to the raw material inlet of the pulverizer 3 through a passage, and the raw material inlet 14 is connected to the middle of the passage. The pulverized product discharge port 2 of the pulverizer 3 is connected to the centrifugal separator 4 through another passage, and the pulverized product and air can be supplied into the centrifugal separator 4 through the passage. The centrifugal separation means 4 is connected to the filtration / collection means 6 through a further passage, and the pulverized product and air can be supplied into the filtration / collection means 6 through the passage. The filtration / collection means 6 is connected to a gas suction device 15, and the gas suction device 15 is connected to the air outlet 7, and the pulverized product and air are separated by a filter provided inside the filtration / collection means 6, Only air can be discharged from the air outlet 7 via the gas suction device 15. In addition, an open / close valve 17 is provided below each of the centrifugal separation unit 4 and the filtration collection unit 6. The collectors 5 are respectively provided below them, and the pulverized material in the centrifugal separator 4 and the filtration collector 6 can be collected via the on-off valve 17. The interiors of the passages are connected via other components and the like, and air can pass from the air inlet 1 to the air outlet 7. The centrifugal separation means 4 is not particularly limited, and for example, a so-called cyclone dust collector (sometimes simply referred to as “cyclone”) is preferable. The filtering and collecting means 6 is not particularly limited, but for example, a so-called bag filter or the like is preferable. The gas suction device 15 is not particularly limited, and a conventionally used gas suction device or the like may be used as appropriate. For example, a gas suction device using a turbo fan or a suction fan, or a roots blower or the like may be used. There may be. In addition, the arrow in a figure shows the direction to which a raw material, a ground material, air, etc. move (transport) in a ground material manufacturing process.

  The pulverized material production method using the pulverized material production apparatus of FIG. 1A can be performed, for example, as follows. That is, first, the impeller 20 (FIG. 10) in the pulverizer 3 is rotated to generate wind force, and at the same time, the gas suction unit 15 is operated to suck the gas inside the apparatus. The rotation direction of the impeller 20 is a direction in which wind force is generated from the air inlet 1 toward the air outlet 7. That is, air is sucked from the air suction port 1 by the rotational force of the impeller 20, and the air finally passes through the pulverizer 3, the centrifugal separator 4, the filtration collection means 6, and the gas suction device 15. It is discharged from the air outlet 7. The wind taken into the pulverizer 3 by the impeller 20 is dispersed and accelerated in the direction along the inner wall of the screen 19. The raw material of the pulverized material is forced into the screen 19 holes by the accelerated wind, and is further pulled out by the suction force of the gas suction machine 15, thereby forcibly passing the screen 19 holes, It is crushed. At this time, if the inside of the pulverizer 3 is pressurized by the wind generated by the impeller 20, the raw material can be pulverized more effectively by the “screen internal pulverization” or the like. The wind speed required to bring the inside of the pulverizer 3 into such a state is, for example, 15 m / sec or more, preferably 30 m / sec or more, more preferably 40 m / sec or more, and the upper limit of the wind speed is not particularly limited. For example, it is 150 m / sec or less. The number of rotations of the impeller 20 necessary to obtain such wind speed depends on the shape, size, and the like of the impeller 20, the screen 19, and the casing 18, but is 720 to 10,000 rpm, for example. p. m. , Preferably 1,000 to 10,000 r. p. m. , More preferably 2,000 to 6,000 r. p. m. More preferably 2,000 to 5,000 r. p. m. , Particularly preferably from 2,000 to 4,000 r. p. m. It is. Moreover, although it cannot be generally stated, if the impeller diameter is large, the appropriate rotational speed tends to be small, and if the impeller diameter is small, the appropriate rotational speed tends to be large. R. p. m. Represents the number of revolutions per minute.

  In order to obtain an effective wind force for raw material crushing, not only the rotation speed of the impeller 20 is increased as much as possible, but also the shape and size of the impeller 20 and the screen 19, the shape and size of the holes of the screen 19, It is also effective to appropriately adjust the gap width between the impeller 20 and the inner wall of the screen 19 in advance. In particular, as described above, the shape of the impeller 20 greatly affects the ease with which wind force suitable for pulverization is generated. The suitable range of each of these conditions depends on the type and size of the raw material, the particle size of the pulverized product to be obtained, etc., but is as described above, for example.

  Further, the centrifuge 4 is operated. The operating conditions are not particularly limited. For example, the rotational speed of the centrifuge 4 can be appropriately set according to the particle diameter of the pulverized product to be obtained. This operating condition may be set with reference to the operating condition of a cyclone dust collector in the prior art, for example. Note that it is preferable that the centrifugal separator 4 be operated with the wind force generated by the pulverizer 3 and the gas suction device 15 in terms of energy efficiency and the like. Depending on the case, it is possible to operate only with the wind force generated by the pulverizer 3 and the gas suction device 15 or only with the wind force generated by the pulverizer 3.

  Next, when the raw material is introduced from the raw material inlet 14, it is pulverized by the pulverizer 3 to become a pulverized product. As described above, the present invention can be applied to a wide range of raw materials because raw materials that are difficult to be pulverized by conventional techniques can be pulverized. Although it does not specifically limit as said raw material, For example, an organic substance, an inorganic substance, a plant-derived raw material, an animal-derived raw material, etc. are mentioned, Only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be grind | pulverized simultaneously. Further, examples of the hard material include glass, stone, and wood, and examples of the soft material include elastomers such as thermoplastic rubber, thermoplastic resin, and bamboo. In particular, elastomers having a glass transition in the negative temperature region, collagen, gelatin, and the like, as described above, were difficult to grind by the prior art, but can be easily grinded according to the present invention. Further, according to the present invention, as described above, since heat generation due to frictional heat or the like during pulverization can be suppressed, charcoal, plastics, and the like that easily cause ignition and plastic deformation can be pulverized. Furthermore, highly water-containing substances such as green bamboo, raw wood, undried grains, beans, vegetables, fruits and the like can be easily pulverized according to the present invention. These highly water-containing substances are pulverized if they are not dried in advance in the prior art because they are easy to bite into the blade, become a kneaded product due to moisture and are difficult to pulverize, or the pulverized material accumulates inside the blade and the pulverizer. It was difficult. However, in the present invention, since the raw material is pulverized using wind force, for example, the raw material is dried by the wind force and can be easily pulverized. In addition, by appropriately setting the pulverization conditions, it is possible to provide a liquid or paste-like pulverized product without drying the raw material. According to the present invention, it is possible to pulverize a highly water-containing material having a water content of 50 to 60 wt%, for example. For this reason, this invention is suitable, for example in order to grind | pulverize a foodstuff and grind | pulverize powder, juice, or a paste. Further, according to the present invention, not only water but also other raw materials containing liquid substances can be effectively pulverized by means such as drying with wind force, as with high water content substances.

  The size, length, shape and the like of the raw material are not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the raw material which is too large is appropriately sized in advance by preliminary pulverization, cutting or the like. As described above, the shape and size of the impeller 20 and the screen 19, the shape and size of the holes in the screen 19, and the impeller 20 according to the type and size of the raw material, the particle size of the pulverized product to be obtained, and the like. It is preferable to appropriately adjust the gap width between the inner wall of the screen 19 and the like.

Also, the amount of raw material input (processing amount) is not particularly limited, but in order to obtain higher pulverization efficiency, it is preferable to continuously input an amount not exceeding the processing capacity of the pulverizer as much as possible. Therefore, the raw material supply means may include raw material supply amount adjusting means (not shown) such as a rotary valve, a screw feeder, a fixed amount feeder (constant feedware, etc.). The amount of raw material processing varies greatly depending on the type (material) of the raw material, the particle shape (particle size) of the desired pulverized product, etc., for example, when obtaining wood flour having a particle shape (particle size) of 200 μm to 300 μm, For example, 800-2400 kg / hr · m ² per 1 m ² of the area inside the screen 19. More specifically, the amount of raw material processed per hour and area 1 m ² inside the screen 19 is a value represented by X in the following formula (2). However, in the equation (2), S ₂ is the area (m ² ) of the effective portion of the screen when it is assumed that there is no hole inside the screen 19 as in the equation (1), and h is This is the time (hr) spent on the raw material treatment, and W is the mass (kg) of the raw material charged within that time.

X = W / (h × S ₂ ) (2)

  The mechanism in which the raw material is pulverized by the pulverizer 3 to become a pulverized product differs depending on the material and size of the raw material, and not all is clear, but other than forced passage through the screen 19 holes, for example, As described above. The final particle size of the pulverized product is affected by various conditions. For example, the pulverized product that has passed through the holes of the screen 19 is further finely pulverized (crushing). In some cases, the size is reduced to about 1/3 to 1/5 or less. As a method for controlling the final particle size of the pulverized product, there is a method of adjusting the residence time in the screen 19 after the raw materials are charged. If the residence time is long, the particle size of the pulverized product tends to be fine. In order to lengthen the residence time, for example, there are methods such as increasing the number of revolutions of the impeller 20 and suppressing the gas outflow amount by means such as providing a valve at the air outlet 7.

  The pulverized material obtained by pulverizing the raw material by the pulverizer 3 is supplied to the centrifugal separator 4 by the wind force of the pulverizer 3 and the suction force of the gas suction device 15. The pulverized product is separated from the air by the centrifugal separator 4 and collected in the collector 5 below the centrifugal separator 4. As described above, the centrifugal separator 4 can also collect the pulverized material by centrifugal force separation using the wind force generated by the pulverizer 3 and the suction force of the gas suction device 15. Further, the pulverized material that could not be separated by the centrifugal separation means 4 is supplied to the filtration and collection means 6 together with air and separated from the air by the filter. The air is discharged from the air outlet 7, and the pulverized material is collected inside the collector 5 below the filtration and collection means 6. In this way, the desired pulverized material is recovered in the collector 5 below the centrifugal separator 4 and the filtration / collection means 6. As described above, the pulverized material production method using the pulverized material production apparatus of FIG.

  In particular, when the gas passage efficiency in the screen 19 is low, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the screen 19 tends to be large, and thus the strength of the screen 19 is particularly important. In such a case, as described above, from the viewpoint of further reinforcing the strength of the screen 19, for example, as described above, it may be reinforced by a cage-shaped reinforcing plate and further connected and fixed to the casing 18. In addition, it is also effective to insert a support column, a reinforcing plate or the like in the gap between the inner wall of the casing 18 and the outer wall of the screen 19 and fix the outer wall of the screen 19 to the inner wall of the casing 18 through the support. Moreover, suitable conditions, such as the said hole area ratio and the hole shape of the screen 19, in order to obtain sufficient gas passage efficiency are as above-mentioned, for example.

  Note that either one of the centrifugal separator 4 and the filtration / collection means 6 can be omitted. However, the combined use as in the present embodiment is preferable because the collection efficiency of the pulverized material is improved.

  The wind speed inside the pulverized product production apparatus is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of the wind speed suitable for transporting the pulverized product, for example, 10 to 50 m / sec, preferably 15 to 45 m / sec, more preferably 20 to 40 m / sec, The upper limit of the wind speed is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 100 m / sec or less. Also, the mixing ratio between the pulverized product and the gas, that is, the value obtained by dividing the transport amount (kg / sec) of the pulverized product per unit time by the gas flow rate (kg / sec) per unit time is the smooth crushed product transport etc. From this viewpoint, it is, for example, 0.3 to 35, preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 2 to 20, still more preferably 3 to 15, and particularly preferably 5 to 10.

  In the present invention, the air speed and air volume inside the screen in the pulverizer and the air speed and air volume inside the passage in the pulverized material producing apparatus are values measured under the following measurement conditions. However, the following description is merely an example of measurement conditions and does not limit the present invention.

  FIG. 25 shows an apparatus for experimentally measuring the wind speed and the air volume inside the screen when manufacturing the pulverized product. As shown in the drawing, in this apparatus, a pipe 23 is connected to the pulverized material discharge port 2 of the pulverizer 3, and a throttle device 28 is connected to the outlet of the pipe 23. In the middle of the pipe 23, a rectifying plate 24, a rectifying wire mesh 25, a Pitot tube flow meter 26 and a thermometer 27 are connected in this order from the pulverized product discharge port 2 side toward the expansion device 28 side. The pulverizer 3 is the same as that at the time of manufacturing the pulverized product except that the screen is not attached. Using this apparatus, the pulverizer 3 is operated under the same conditions as in the pulverized product production, and the wind speed (flow velocity) in the pipe 23 is calculated by the Pitot tube flowmeter 26 based on the difference between the total pressure and the static pressure. The air volume (flow rate) can be calculated by further multiplying the wind speed by the cross-sectional area of the pipe 23. These are estimated as the wind speed and the air volume inside the screen when the pulverized material is produced.

  FIG. 26 shows an apparatus for experimentally measuring the wind speed and air volume inside the pulverized material production apparatus passage during pulverized material production. As illustrated, in this apparatus, a pipe 23 is connected to the gas suction machine 15, and a throttle device 28 is connected to the inlet of the pipe 23. In the middle of the pipe 23, a rectifying plate 24, a rectifying wire mesh 25, a Pitot tube flow meter 26, and a thermometer 27 are connected in this order from the expansion device 28 side to the gas suction device 15 side. Using this device, the gas suction machine 15 is operated under the same conditions as in the manufacture of the pulverized product, and the wind speed (flow velocity) in the pipe 23 is determined by the Pitot tube flow meter 26 based on the difference between the total pressure and the static pressure (suction pressure). ) Is calculated. The air volume (flow rate) can be calculated by further multiplying the wind speed by the cross-sectional area of the pipe 23. These are estimated as the wind speed and the air volume inside the pulverized material production apparatus passage during the pulverized material production.

In the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention, the gas suction device can be omitted if not necessary, and the pulverized material can be transported and recovered only by the wind force generated by the pulverizer. However, it is preferable to use a gas suction device because, for example, it is easy to prevent clogging of the screen, so-called bridges of the pulverized material in the vicinity of the screen holes, and the supply of the pulverized material to the inside of the pulverized material recovery means becomes smoother. . This effect is particularly remarkable when the screen holes are extremely fine. Also, for example, in the case of a pulverizer that rotates an impeller inside a cylindrical screen, the inside of the screen is pressurized due to the wind pressure of the impeller, and the outside of the screen is decompressed due to gas suction. The force for forcibly passing is increased, and the pulverized product production efficiency is further increased. Furthermore, for example, by the gas suction unit, the screen difference in the internal pressure and the external pressure (and [Delta] P ₁₎ appropriately adjusting the grinding is easily performed smoothly, raw material input (throughput) likely much. That is, for example, by increasing the [Delta] P ₁ by increasing the suction force of the gas suction device, preferably tends to increase the upper limit of the material throughput. For example, in the apparatus of FIG. 1A, when the suction pressure (inlet pressure) of the gas suction device 15 is −200 mmAq (−1.96 kPa) with respect to the external pressure, the screen internal pressure is 200 mmAq (1.96 kPa), and the outside of the screen as the pressure to be 50mmAq (0.490kPa), ΔP ₁ is a 200mmAq-50mmAq = 150mmAq (1.47kPa) . At this time, if the suction force of the gas suction device 15 is increased so that the suction pressure (inlet pressure) is −400 mmAq (−3.92 kPa) and the screen external pressure is −150 mmAq (−1.47 kPa), ΔP ₁ Is 200 mmAq − (− 150 mmAq) = 350 mmAq (3.43 kPa). However, the numerical values are merely examples, and the correlation between the pressures of the respective parts is not limited to these examples.

  Further, in the pulverized product manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the centrifuge is connected to the raw material inlet of the pulverizer, and the pulverized product not collected by the filtration collecting unit is returned to the pulverizer again. Is more preferably formed. FIG. 1B shows an example of such a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus. As shown in the figure, the centrifugal separator 4 has a rotary valve 8 in place of the on-off valve 17, and a passage extends from the rotary valve and is connected to a passage between the raw material inlet 14 and the pulverizer 3. Except for this, it is the same as FIG. The pulverized material manufacturing method using this apparatus can be carried out in the same manner as the apparatus of FIG. 1A, but the pulverized material not collected by the filtration collection means 6 is supplied again to the pulverizer 3 and pulverized. Thus, a finer pulverized product can be obtained. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 1B, the amount of pulverized material supplied from the centrifugal separator 4 into the pulverizer 3 per unit time can be adjusted by controlling the rotational speed of the rotary valve 8.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  The pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention includes, for example, a plurality of the pulverizers and the raw material supply means, and each of the pulverizers is connected to one or a plurality of the raw material supply means. It is preferable that each of them is connected to the pulverized material collecting means because the amount of raw materials that can be pulverized in a certain time increases. FIG. 3 shows an example of such a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus. As shown in the figure, the structure of this apparatus is almost the same as that shown in FIG. 1A, but includes a pulverizer 3, a raw material inlet 14, and an air inlet 1 one by one. One air inlet 1 is connected to a raw material inlet of one pulverizer 3 through a passage, and one raw material inlet 14 is connected to the middle of the passage. The other pulverizer 3, the raw material inlet 14 and the air inlet 1 are connected in the same manner. The passages extend from the pulverized product discharge ports 2 of the two pulverizers 3, and these passages are joined together in the middle to form one passage, which is connected to the centrifugal separation means 4. Thus, the pulverized product and air can be supplied to the inside of the centrifugal separator 4. Except for these, the apparatus is the same as the apparatus of FIG. Moreover, the pulverized material manufacturing method using this apparatus can also be performed similarly to the first embodiment. As an example, as the two pulverizers 3 in FIG. 3, by using a pulverizer having a large screen diameter and a large screen hole diameter (for example, a circle having a screen diameter of 500 mm and pores having a hole diameter of 8 mm), the particle shape is relatively small. Large pulverized products can also be efficiently obtained in large quantities. However, the screen diameter, the hole diameter, and the like are not limited to these, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, as in the other embodiments. In FIG. 3, the two passages extending from the two pulverized product discharge ports 2 are joined together in the middle to form one passage, but they are centrifuged separately without joining together. It may be connected to the separating means 4. In FIG. 2, two pulverizers are connected in parallel to the centrifugal separator 4, but three or more pulverizers may be connected in parallel.

(Embodiment 3)
Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention, for example, one or more preliminary pulverizers are preferably connected between the raw material supply means and the pulverizer. In this way, for example, a raw material that is too large and difficult to be pulverized as it is can be pulverized to some extent by a preliminary pulverizer and further finely pulverized by a pulverizer. The preliminary pulverizer is not particularly limited, and has a function of generating wind power in the gas, preliminarily pulverizing the raw material using the wind power, and using the wind power, the raw material pulverized preliminarily. A preliminary pulverizer supplied to the inside of the pulverizer is preferable from the viewpoint of production efficiency and quality of the pulverized product. That is, a pulverizer similar to the pulverizer can be used as a preliminary pulverizer.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of such a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus. As shown in the figure, the structure of this apparatus is almost the same as that shown in FIG. 1A, but there is another similar pulverizer 3 in the middle of a passage extending from the air inlet 1 to the pulverizer 3, and a preliminary pulverizer. Located as. The preliminary pulverizer is connected to the passage through the raw material inlet and the pulverized material outlet. The raw material introduction port of the preliminary pulverizer is connected to the air suction port 1 side, and the pulverized product discharge port is connected to the pulverizer 3 side. The air sucked from the air suction port 1 and the raw material charged from the raw material input port 14 are connected. Is once introduced into the pulverizer after passing through the preliminary pulverizer. Except for these points, the apparatus of FIG. 2 is the same as the apparatus of FIG.

  The pulverized material manufacturing method using the apparatus of FIG. 2 may be the same as that in the first embodiment, but examples of pulverization conditions are shown below.

  That is, first, it is preferable that the preliminary pulverizer and the pulverizer can be exchanged by attaching and detaching various screens having different hole diameters, for example. For example, five types of screens having an aperture diameter of 8, 5, 3, 2, and 1 mm may be prepared and replaced. Various pulverization treatment methods are possible by combining these.

  For example, the preliminary pulverizer is coarsely pulverized using a screen with an aperture diameter of 8 mm, and the pulverizer is a screen with a smaller aperture diameter, for example, an aperture diameter of 1 mm. You can also. The size of the input raw material is not particularly limited, but the size that can be easily pulverized varies greatly depending on the type (material) of the raw material. As a guideline, for example, if it is a chip shape smaller than about 100 × 100 × 10 mm square, it can be pulverized with either a hard raw material or a soft raw material, but even a raw material larger than this can be pulverized.

  Moreover, it is also possible to obtain fine particles having a particle size of about 100 μm or 10 μm without performing classification (sieving) using a screen having a diameter of 300 mm and an aperture diameter of 2 mm in both the preliminary pulverizer and the pulverizer. is there. This is based on the same principle that it is easy to obtain a powder having a small particle diameter when the residence time in the screen 19 is extended in the first embodiment. However, if a pre-pulverizer is used as in this embodiment, the particle diameter is reduced. It becomes even easier to obtain a small powder.

  In FIG. 2, only one preliminary pulverizer is used, but two or more preliminary pulverizers may be used. For example, a preliminary pulverizer having a screen diameter of 500 mm and an aperture diameter of 5 mm, a preliminary pulverizer having a screen diameter of 300 mm and an aperture diameter of 2 mm, and a pulverizer having a screen diameter of 300 mm and an aperture diameter of 2 mm are connected in series and pulverized. A fine powder having a particle diameter of 100 μm or less or 10 μm or less can also be produced from the raw material. The two preliminary pulverizers are the same as described above, and the pulverizer is replaced with a pulverizer having a screen diameter of 300 mm and an aperture diameter of 1 mm, and the particle diameter of the fine powder to be produced may be the same as or finer than that described above. it can.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to efficiently obtain a uniform powder having a small particle diameter without performing a complicated operation such as classification using a vibrating sieve.

  Needless to say, in embodiments other than the present embodiment, the particle size of the pulverized product can be adjusted by using various screens having different hole diameters and capacities. For example, in Embodiment 2, two or more pulverizers having a screen diameter of 500 mm and an aperture diameter of 8 mm can be used in parallel to obtain a large amount of coarsely pulverized product having a relatively large particle size.

(Embodiment 4)
Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the pulverized product manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, for example, the pulverized product recovery means stores means for storing the pulverized product supplied from the pulverizer, and means for filtering and collecting the pulverized product stored in the pulverized product storage means. It is preferable to contain. For example, it is preferable that the raw material supply unit includes a raw material storage unit and a raw material supply amount adjusting unit connected to the raw material storage unit and the pulverizer. FIG. 4 shows an example of such a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus. As shown in the figure, the structure of this apparatus is almost the same as that shown in FIG. 1A, but includes a pulverized material storage means 10 instead of the centrifugal separation means 4, and a raw material storage means 9 instead of the raw material inlet 14. Including. A rotary valve 8 is connected to the lower part of the pulverized material storage means 10. By controlling the rotational speed of the rotary valve 8, the amount of pulverized material collected per fixed time in the collector 5 below the pulverized material storage means 10 can be adjusted. In addition, a rotary valve 8 is connected to the lower part of the raw material storage means 9, and a fixed quantity supply device 81 is connected to the lower part thereof, and these function as raw material supply amount adjusting means. Specifically, the raw material supply amount can be adjusted by controlling the rotational speed of the rotary valve 8, and it can be controlled more precisely by the quantitative supply device 81. The rotary valve 8 and the quantitative feeder 81 at the lower part of the raw material storage means 9 are connected to the middle of a passage extending from the air suction port 1 to the pulverizer 3 via a connecting pipe 16. The pulverized material storage means 10, the raw material storage means 9, and the quantitative supply device 81 are not particularly limited, and for example, a conventional pulverized material manufacturing apparatus or those used in other industrial fields may be used as appropriate. For example, the pulverized material storage means 10 may be a so-called storage silo, and the raw material storage means 9 may be a so-called raw material silo or a raw material hopper. Further, the fixed amount feeder 81 may be, for example, a so-called screw feeder, constant feedware, or the like. In the figure, a turbofan type gas suction device 151 is used instead of the gas suction device 15, but the gas suction device is not limited to the turbofan type, and an arbitrary one is used as in the other embodiments. it can. Except for these points, the apparatus of FIG. 4 is the same as the apparatus of FIG.

  The pulverized material manufacturing method using this apparatus can be carried out in the same manner as in the first embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, the pulverized material is collected by storing in the pulverized material storage means 10 instead of the centrifugal separation by the centrifugal separator 4, and the collector 5 below the pulverized material storage means 10 has a certain amount of time. The amount of the pulverized material collected can be adjusted by the rotary valve 8 below the pulverized material storage means 10, and the raw material supply amount per fixed time can be adjusted by the rotary valve 8 and the metering feeder 81 below the raw material storage means 9. The point that can be adjusted differs depending on. By using the raw material storage means and the raw material supply amount adjusting means, the supply of the raw material and the adjustment of the raw material supply amount are further facilitated, so that the manufacturing process of the pulverized product becomes easier. Note that either one of the rotary valve 8 and the quantitative supply device 81 below the raw material storage means 9 may be used, but it is particularly preferable to use both because the raw material supply amount can be controlled more precisely. In addition, since a large amount of pulverized material can be stored by using the pulverized material storage means, the process of recovering the manufactured pulverized material becomes easier. For this reason, this embodiment is particularly suitable for manufacturing a pulverized material on a large scale.

  In the powder device of the present invention, the raw material supply means includes a plurality of the raw material storage means and the raw material supply amount adjustment means, and each of the raw material storage means is connected with one or more raw material supply amount adjustment means. May be. In this way, for example, the raw material supply amount per fixed time can be increased, so that the pulverized product production efficiency can be further improved. Further, a plurality of different raw materials can be supplied at an arbitrary ratio, and a pulverized product in which those pulverized products are mixed at an arbitrary ratio can be efficiently produced. FIG. 7 illustrates a partial structure of such a powder manufacturing apparatus. As shown, the apparatus includes an air inlet 1 and a pulverizer 3. The pulverizer 3 has a pulverized product discharge port 2, and the structure of the other parts in the pulverizer 3 is as shown in FIG. The air inlet 1 is connected to the raw material inlet of the pulverizer 3 through a passage, and a connecting pipe 16 is provided in the middle of the passage. Further, this apparatus includes two raw material storage means 9, a rotary valve 8 connected to the lower part of each, and a quantitative feeder 81 connected to the lower part thereof. A passage extends from each of the quantitative feeders 81, and the two passages are joined together in the middle to become one, and further connected to the connecting pipe 16. The pulverized product discharge port 2 of the pulverizer 3 is connected to the pulverized product recovery means (not shown) via another passage, and the pulverized product and the air flow from the pulverizer 3 toward the pulverized product recovery means. It can pass. The pulverized material recovery means is preferably the same as that shown in FIG. 4, for example, but other than this, for example, the pulverized material recovery means similar to that shown in FIGS. The powder production method using this apparatus can also be carried out in the same manner as described above. Although either one of the rotary valve 8 and the quantitative supply device 81 at the lower part of the raw material storage means 9 may be used, the use of both is particularly preferable because the amount of raw material supply can be controlled more precisely.

(Embodiment 5)
Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  It is preferable that the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention further includes, for example, a blower connected to the gas inlet for reasons such as further improving the efficiency of transportation and recovery of the pulverized material. FIG. 5 shows an example of such an apparatus. As shown in the figure, the structure of this apparatus is almost the same as that in FIG. 4, but a blower 15 ′ and a pressure regulating valve (pressure regulating means) 11 are connected in the middle of a passage extending from the air inlet 1 to the connecting pipe 16. The pressure regulating valve 11 is connected to the side closer to the connecting pipe 16 and the crusher 3 than to the blower 15 ′. In addition, a rotary valve 8 is connected to the lower portion of the bag filter 6 in place of the on-off valve 17. The gas suction machine uses the gas suction machine 15 instead of the turbo fan type gas suction machine 151, but this gas suction machine may be a turbo fan type or any other gas suction machine. Other than this, this apparatus is the same as that of FIG. The pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention preferably further includes means for adjusting the pressure inside the pulverized material production apparatus (apparatus internal pressure), for example, as shown in FIG. The “apparatus internal pressure” generally refers to the general pressure inside the pulverized product manufacturing apparatus including the internal screen pressure, the external screen pressure, and the like. Although the connection part of the said pressure adjustment means is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable to be connected to the said gas inlet or its vicinity. In addition, for example, it may be connected to an arbitrary place as in an embodiment described later. Further, in the present embodiment and other embodiments, the pressure adjusting means may be shown as, for example, a pressure adjusting valve, but may be replaced with other arbitrary pressure adjusting means.

  The pulverized material manufacturing method using this apparatus is also performed in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment except that air is sent to the pulverizer 3 by the blower 15 ′ and the pressure in the apparatus is adjusted by the pressure adjusting valve 11 as necessary. be able to. If the wind power of the blower 15 ′ is used supplementarily as in this embodiment, as described above, the efficiency of transportation and recovery of the pulverized material can be further improved. For example, the pulverized material can be transported for a longer distance. The pressure regulating valve 11 can be omitted if not necessary, but it is preferable to use the pressure regulating valve 11 because it is easy to adjust the wind pressure in the pulverized material producing apparatus. The amount and pressure of the wind sent by the blower 15 'is not particularly limited, but is appropriately adjusted in consideration of the pressure loss inside the passage, the pulverized material storage means 10, the filtration collection means 6, etc., the wind force generated by the pulverizer 3, etc. The pressure adjustment valve 11 may be used for adjustment. In FIG. 5, the rotary valve 8 below the bag filter may be the on-off valve 17 as in FIGS. 1 to 4. However, when a blower is used, the pulverized material is sometimes used because the internal pressure of the apparatus tends to increase. A rotary valve that can easily adjust the amount of air to be discharged is preferable.

In the present embodiment, the gas suction device 15 is preferably a gas suction device having a strong suction force such as a Roots blower. The roots blower can be used for apparatuses other than the present embodiment, and if this is used, it is possible to obtain a very high suction pressure of about −4000 mmAq (−39.2 kPa), for example. Further, in this embodiment, although the increase suction force of a gas suction device (a Delta] P1) difference screen internal pressure and the external pressure may also be increased, it is also possible to increase the [Delta] P ₁ by the wind increases the blower. This is preferable because the upper limit of the raw material processing amount can be easily increased. For example, in the apparatus of FIG. 5, when the suction pressure (inlet pressure) of the gas suction device 15 is −200 mmAq (−1.96 kPa) with respect to the external pressure, and the blower 15 ′ outlet pressure is 3000 mmAq (29.4 kPa), the inside of the screen If the pressure is 3300 mmAq (32.4 kPa) and the screen external pressure is 3100 mmAq (30.4 kPa), ΔP ₁ is 3300 mmAq-3100 mmAq = 200 mmAq (1.96 kPa). At this time, while the suction force of the gas suction device 15 remains unchanged (the suction pressure (inlet pressure) of the gas suction device 15 remains -200 mmAq), the wind force of the blower 15 ′ is increased and the outlet pressure of the blower 15 ′ is increased to 3300 mmAq (32. 4 kPa), and the internal pressure of the screen is 3600 mmAq (35.3 kPa), ΔP ₁ is 3600 mmAq-3100 mmAq = 500 mmAq (4.90 kPa). . However, the numerical values are merely examples, and the correlation between the pressures of the respective parts is not limited to these examples.

(Embodiment 6)
Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  The pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention may further include, for example, a heat exchanger connected to the gas inlet and capable of at least one of heating and cooling of the gas. FIG. 6 illustrates the structure of part of such a device. As illustrated, the pulverized material production apparatus includes a pulverizer 3, a raw material inlet 14 as a raw material supply means, an air inlet 1, and a heat exchanger 12. The pulverizer 3 has a pulverized product discharge port 2, and the structure of the other parts in the pulverizer 3 is as shown in FIG. The air inlet 1 is connected to the raw material inlet of the pulverizer 3 through a passage, and the raw material inlet 14 and the heat exchanger 12 are connected in the middle of the passage. The heat exchanger 12 is connected to the side closer to the air inlet 1 than the raw material inlet 14. A heat medium 13 can flow inside the heat exchanger 12. The pulverized product discharge port 2 of the pulverizer 3 is connected to the pulverized product recovery means (not shown) via another passage, and the pulverized product and the air flow from the pulverizer 3 toward the pulverized product recovery means. It can pass. The pulverized material recovery means is the same as that shown in FIGS.

  The pulverized material manufacturing method using such an apparatus can be performed in the same manner as in the above embodiments except that air is heated or cooled by the heat exchanger 12 as necessary. In addition, a heat exchanger is not specifically limited, Although a well-known heat exchanger can also be connected suitably and used, For example, what is called a fin tube heat exchanger etc. are preferable. Further, the heat medium 13 is not particularly limited, and cold water or other refrigerants, hot water, steam, other heat medium, or the like can be appropriately used. For example, by cooling the air in the pulverized product manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to make the raw material difficult to pulverize easily and improve the pulverization efficiency, and by conversely heating the air, High raw materials and pulverized products can be easily dried, and the pulverized product production efficiency can be improved. Thus, by adjusting the temperature of the gas in the pulverized product production apparatus, the quality of the pulverized product can be further stabilized, which is preferable.

(Embodiment 7)
Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, for example, the gas outlet in the passage is connected to the gas inlet, and the circulation passage through which the gas discharged from the gas outlet can enter the gas inlet again is provided. Preferably it is formed. In this case, it is more preferable to further include means for supplying an inert gas into the passage. FIG. 8 shows an example of such an apparatus. As shown in the figure, this apparatus has a gas outlet and a gas inlet connected to form a circulation passage through which gas can circulate. In the passage, a heat exchanger 12, a raw material storage means 9, a pulverizer 3, a pulverized material storage means 10, a filtration collection means 6 and a turbofan type gas suction device 151 are arranged in the passage from upstream to downstream in the gas circulation direction. They are connected in this order, and the heat medium 13 can flow inside the heat exchanger 12. For example, the same components as those in the above embodiments can be used. Gas can pass through the turbofan type gas suction device 151, the pulverizer 3, the pulverized material storage means 10, and the filtration collection means 6 through the passage. In the pulverizer 3, the raw material introduction port is connected to the upstream side of the passage, and the pulverized product discharge port 2 is connected to the downstream side. In addition, a rotary valve 8 is connected to the lower part of the raw material storage means 9, and a fixed quantity supply device 81 is connected to the lower part thereof, and these function as raw material supply amount adjusting means. That is, the raw material supply amount can be adjusted by controlling the number of revolutions of the rotary valve 8, and it can be controlled more precisely by the quantitative feeder 81. The raw material storage means 9 is connected to the passage via a rotary valve 8 and a quantitative feeder 81, and can supply the raw material to the crusher 3 via the rotary valve 8, the quantitative feeder 81 and the passage. . From the pulverized product discharge port 2 of the pulverizer 3, pulverized product and gas can be supplied into the pulverized product storage means 10 through the passage. The pulverized material storage means 10 is connected to the filtration collection means 6 through the passage, and the pulverized material and gas can be supplied into the filtration collection means 6 through the passage. The filtration and collection means 6 can separate the pulverized material and the gas by a filter provided therein and return only the gas into the passage. In addition, rotary valves 8 are respectively provided below the pulverized material storage means 10 and the filtration collection means 6. The rotary valve 8 below the pulverized material storage means 10 and the filtration / collection means 6 may be an open / close valve 17 similar to that shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but a rotary valve that can easily adjust the amount of pulverized material and air derived is preferable. The collectors 5 are respectively provided below the pulverized material storage means 10 and the filtration collection means 6, and the pulverized material inside the pulverized material storage means 10 and the filtration collection means 6 is sent to the rotary valve 8 (or on-off valve). 17). Further, a pressure adjusting valve 11 is connected to a middle point of the passage, and the pressure in the passage can be adjusted via the pressure adjusting valve 11. The pressure adjustment valve 11 is an automatic pressure adjustment valve, and it is preferable that the pressure in the passage is automatically adjusted by the pressure adjustment valve 11. Moreover, although the location which provides this pressure regulation valve 11 is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable to provide several places in the vicinity of the gas outlet in the turbofan type gas suction device 151 as shown in the figure. Such a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus preferably has sufficient airtightness from the viewpoint of preventing undesirable pulverized product and gas circulating in the apparatus from being undesirably leaked. Among them, as described above, the crusher 3 preferably has sufficient airtightness due to the property of crushing raw materials using wind power, as described above, but particularly when used in this embodiment. It is preferable that it is excellent in property. In addition, although the turbofan type gas suction machine 151 is used in FIG. 8 as a gas suction machine, arbitrary gas suction machines can be used like other embodiment. Further, the other components, for example, the pulverized product storage means 10, the raw material storage means 9, and the quantitative feeder 81 are not particularly limited as in the other embodiments, and for example, a conventional pulverized product production apparatus or other You may use suitably what is used in the industrial field.

The pulverized material manufacturing method using such an apparatus can be performed in the same manner as in the above embodiments except that gas is circulated inside the passage. Note that the temperature of the gas may increase due to circulation inside the passage. In such a case, it is preferable that the gas is appropriately cooled by the heat exchanger 12. If the gas is an inert gas, for example, a pulverized product that is chemically unstable and easily changes by oxygen gas in the air can be produced with stable quality. The method for supplying the inert gas is not particularly limited. For example, a gas cylinder or a nitrogen generator (not shown) may be connected to the pressure regulating valve 11 to serve as an inert gas supply means. In this case, it is preferable to replace the inside of the apparatus including the passage with an inert gas in advance before the pulverized product is manufactured. If the pressure inside the apparatus seems to be too high, the pressure regulating valve 11 may be opened and the inert gas removed as appropriate. The “inert gas” refers to a rare gas such as argon in a narrow sense, but is not limited to this in the present invention, and refers to all gases having poor reactivity. A gas with poor reactivity. In addition, the inert gas is nitrogen (N ₂ ) in the figure, but is not limited thereto, and may be, for example, argon. However, nitrogen is usually sufficient from the viewpoint of hardly affecting the pulverized material and raw materials (inert), and nitrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of cost. By making the inside of the apparatus in this way an inert gas atmosphere, for example, it is possible to prevent oxidation of raw materials that are easily oxidized during pulverization and pulverized products that are easily oxidized during transportation, storage, and the like. In addition, for example, it is possible to obtain effects such as insecticide, sterilization, sterilization, etc. of the pulverized product. When the pulverized product is a food product, it is possible to provide a safe and high-quality pulverized food product. Demonstrate.

  The apparatus of FIG. 8 and the pulverized material manufacturing method using the apparatus are particularly preferable when a large amount of pulverized material is to be manufactured with stable quality. Further, various changes can be made to the apparatus shown in FIG. For example, when a chemically unstable raw material is used, as shown in FIG. 9, a pressure regulating valve 11 is also connected to the raw material storage means 9 so that the inside of the raw material storage means 9 is filled with an inert gas. good. Further, as a means for circulating the gas in the passage, in some cases, a blower 15 'can be used in combination with the gas suction device as shown in FIG. In the case where a relatively small amount of pulverized material is produced, the centrifuging means as described above may be used in place of the pulverized material storage means 10. Furthermore, at least one or all of the turbofan gas suction device 151, the blower 15 ', and the heat exchanger 12 can be omitted if unnecessary.

(Embodiment 8)
Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention, for example, the pulverizer and the pulverized material recovery means are preferably disposed adjacent to each other. With such a structure, for example, the passage formed from the inside of the pulverizer to the inside of the pulverized material collecting means can be made extremely short. For example, a liquid or paste-like pulverized product may be difficult to recover because it is difficult to transport a long passage. However, if the passage is made extremely short, it is easy to recover. Further, since the pulverizer and the pulverized material recovery means are disposed adjacent to each other, for example, space saving and downsizing of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention can be achieved.

  FIG. 42 shows an example of a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus in which the pulverizer and the pulverized product recovery means are arranged adjacent to each other. As shown in the figure, this apparatus has a pulverizer 3 and raw material storage means 10 as main components. The pulverizer 3 has a pulverized product discharge port 2, and the pulverized product discharge port 2 is located at the lower part of the casing of the pulverizer 3 and faces in the horizontal direction. The structure of other parts in the pulverizer 3 is as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, this pulverized material production apparatus further includes a raw material inlet 14 that also serves as an air inlet (gas inlet) 1, a pulverized material collector (collector) 5, and an air outlet (gas guide). Outlet) 7 and a rotary valve 8. The raw material inlet 14 is connected to the raw material inlet of the pulverizer 3. The pulverized product discharge port 2 of the pulverizer 3 is connected to the raw material storage means 10 through an extremely short passage. The air outlet 7 is provided above the raw material storage means 10, and the rotary valve 8 is provided below the raw material storage means 10. The collector 5 is disposed below the raw material storage means 10 and can collect pulverized material inside the raw material storage means 10 via the rotary valve 8. In addition, this apparatus may have the on-off valve 17 instead of the rotary valve 8, for example. In particular, when the pulverized product is in a liquid or paste form, the rotary valve 8 may be used, but the on-off valve 17 is more preferable. The pulverized product manufacturing method using this apparatus can also be performed according to the above embodiments, but the path from the pulverized product discharge port 2 of the pulverizer 3 to the raw material storage means 10 is extremely short, so that the liquid or paste It is easy to collect the crushed material.

  In the apparatus of FIG. 42, the configuration of each part can be changed as appropriate. For example, if the pulverizer is replaced with a pulverizer having an auxiliary gas introduction port as shown in FIG. 34, air can be introduced from the auxiliary gas introduction port by a blower or the like, whereby the pulverized product can be produced more effectively. Further, for example, the raw material storage means 10 may be replaced with a centrifugal separation means or a filtration collection means, or the centrifugal separation means or the raw material storage means and the filtration collection means may be used in combination as in the above embodiments. The size of the device is not particularly limited, and may be a large device used in a factory or the like, or a portable device used at home or the like.

  FIGS. 28 and 29 show another example of a pulverized product producing apparatus in which the pulverizer and the pulverized product recovery means are arranged adjacent to each other. FIG. 28 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pulverized material producing apparatus, FIG. 29 (a) is a top view of the same apparatus, and FIG. 29 (b) is a transverse sectional view at a section AA.

  As shown in the figure, the pulverized material production apparatus mainly includes a pulverizer including a casing 18, a cylindrical screen 19, an impeller 20, and a motor unit 21, a centrifugal separator 4, and a collector 5. The centrifuge 4 is preferably, for example, a cyclone dust collector (cyclone) as shown in the figure, but is not particularly limited, and may be any other appropriate centrifuge. The configuration of the casing 18, the screen 19, the impeller 20, and the motor unit 21 is shown in FIG. 10 except that the direction of the rotating surface of the impeller 20 is the horizontal direction and the motor unit 21 is disposed directly below the impeller 20. It is almost the same as a pulverizer. That is, in the pulverizer of FIGS. 28 and 29, the screen 19 has a large number of fine holes and is arranged so that a cylinder surrounds the impeller 20. The casing 18 is disposed so as to further surround the periphery of the impeller 20 and the screen 19, and a cylindrical end portion of the screen 19 is in contact with the inner wall of the casing 18. The casing 18 is formed with a raw material inlet 22 and a pulverized product outlet 2, and the inside of the casing 18 is completely shut off from the outside air at portions other than these. The raw material inlet 22 faces the upper front of the impeller 20, and the raw material of the pulverized material can be introduced into the cylinder of the screen 19 through the raw material inlet 22. Further, the pulverized product discharge port 2 faces the cylindrical side surface of the screen 19. The raw material introduction port 22 and the pulverized material discharge port 2 are blocked by the screen 19, and the substance can be moved only through the fine holes provided in the screen 19. The shaft portion of the impeller 20 extends outward through the wall of the casing 18 and is connected to the motor unit 21. In a portion where the shaft portion of the impeller 20 penetrates the wall of the casing 18, the airtightness is maintained, and the material does not move inside and outside the casing 18 through the penetration portion. The motor unit 21 is stored in the motor chamber.

  Further, the pulverizer shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 has a raw material charging chamber 35 formed thereon. The raw material charging chamber 35 has the same width and height as the screen 19 and the impeller 20. At the center of the raw material charging chamber 35, the vessel wall protrudes inward to form a cylindrical raw material charging port 14. The raw material inlet 14 faces the upper front of the raw material inlet 22, and the raw material can be introduced into the raw material inlet 22 through the raw material inlet 14. The raw material inlet 14 also serves as the air inlet 1, and air can be introduced into the cylinder of the screen 19 and the raw material inlet chamber 35. In addition, the opening part of the raw material inlet 14 upper part is block | closed with the cap 31 which can be attached or detached, For example, the cap 31 can be removed at the time of a driving | operation of a grinding | pulverization apparatus, and can be attached when a driving | operation stop.

  The centrifugal separator 4 is disposed adjacent to the pulverizer. The pulverized product discharge port 2 and the centrifugal separator 4 of the pulverizer are connected through an extremely short passage, and pulverized product, air, etc. can pass through the passage. The collector 5 is provided below the centrifugal separator 4, and the pulverized material can be collected inside the collector 5 through the centrifugal separator 4.

  Further, in the pulverizer of FIGS. 28 and 29, a pulverized material recovery chamber (filter chamber) 36 which is an independent small chamber is provided inside the raw material charging chamber 35. The vessel wall on the upper surface of the pulverized material recovery chamber 36 is shared with the raw material charging chamber 35 and faces the outside. A filter 29 is provided on the upper wall of the crushed material collection chamber 36, and air can pass between the inside of the crushed material collection chamber 36 and the outside through the filter 29. Further, a filter 30 is provided on the wall of the lower surface of the pulverized material recovery chamber 36, and air can pass between the inside of the pulverized material recovery chamber 36 and the raw material charging chamber 35 through the filter 30. The centrifuge 4 and the pulverized material recovery chamber 36 are connected via a passage, and pulverized material, air, etc. can pass through the passage.

  In addition, the arrow in a figure shows the direction to which a raw material, a ground material, air, etc. move (transport) in a ground material manufacturing process. Further, in the drawing, the numerals with “φ” or the unit “mm” indicate the dimensions of each part, but these dimensions are merely examples, and can be changed as appropriate. The symbol “φ” indicates that the circular diameter of the portion having a circular shape is represented by a numerical value (unit: mm) added in front of the symbol “φ”. Of the dimensions not shown in the drawing, the dimension inside the raw material inlet 22 (the side facing the impeller 20) is, for example, an inner diameter of 20 mm (20φ), but is not limited to this, and any numerical value is possible. is there.

  In this apparatus, it is preferable that each chamber and each component such as the screen 19 and the impeller 20 are detachable from the viewpoint of easy cleaning and other handling of the apparatus. In particular, it is preferable that the collector 5 is detachable from the viewpoint of easy recovery of the pulverized material. Further, the structure, material, and the like of each part of the casing 18, the screen 19, and the impeller 20 are the same as those of the pulverizer shown in FIG. 10, for example, and the impeller 20 is preferably a stainless steel plate fan, for example. The thickness of the screen 19 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.5 to 1.5 mm, for example, in a small apparatus as shown in FIGS. Although the motor used for the motor unit 21 is not particularly limited, for example, it is a variable speed motor, and it is preferable that the number of rotations can be changed according to the type, size, amount, and the like of the raw material. In addition, the material of other parts is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected in consideration of strength, wear resistance, processability, corrosion resistance, and the like. However, for example, it is preferable that the outer wall of the raw material charging chamber 35, the casing 18, the outer wall of the centrifugal separator 4 and the like are formed of transparent plastic, because the flow (transportation) status and pulverization status of the raw material and pulverized material can be observed. The filters 29 and 30 are preferably cartridge filters that can be attached, detached, opened, and closed, for example. For example, the filters 29 and 30 may be slide gates that can be opened and closed so that the opening area can be changed.

  The pulverizer in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 is illustrated as a substantially cylindrical pulverizer including the raw material charging chamber 35 and the motor chamber. It may be a semi-conical crusher.

  The pulverized material manufacturing method using such a pulverized material manufacturing apparatus can be performed, for example, as follows. That is, first, the raw material is sucked and pulverized using the wind force generated by the impeller 20 by introducing the raw material from the raw material introduction port 22 while the impeller 20 is rotated by the motor unit 21 to produce a pulverized product. Can do. The crushing mechanism is the same as that of the crusher shown in FIG. The rotational speed of the impeller 20 (motor unit 21) is not particularly limited, but in a small pulverizer having dimensions as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, for example, 720 to 7,200 r. p. m. , Preferably 1,500-4,500 r. p. m. It is. The manufactured pulverized product is supplied into the centrifugal separation means 4 together with air through the pulverized product discharge port 2 using the wind force. The operating conditions of the centrifugal separator 4 are not particularly limited, but may be set with reference to the operating conditions of a cyclone dust collector in the prior art, for example. Furthermore, for example, it is preferable to operate using wind power generated by a pulverizer because of good energy efficiency and the like. It is more preferable to operate only by the wind force generated by the pulverizer because the power means of the centrifugal separator 4 is unnecessary and the structure of the pulverized product producing apparatus can be further simplified.

  Further, the pulverized material supplied to the inside of the centrifugal separator 4 falls into the collector 5 below the centrifugal separator 4 and is collected. The air supplied together with the pulverized material into the centrifuge 4 moves through the passage above the centrifuge 4 into the pulverized material recovery chamber 36 and is discharged through the filter 29 and the filter 30. At this time, the pulverized material mixed in a small amount in the air is collected by the filter 29 and the filter 30 and collected in the pulverized material recovery chamber 36. That is, the pulverized material recovery chamber 36 functions as a filtration collection means. In this way, the pulverized product can be produced using the apparatus shown in FIGS.

  When the pulverized material is manufactured in this way, for example, depending on the operating conditions of the apparatus, air may circulate only inside the apparatus through the filter 30 and may not be easily discharged from the filter 29. In that case, since the air is difficult to be discharged, the apparatus may gradually generate heat. On the other hand, for example, the filter 29 at the top of the pulverized material recovery chamber 36 and the filter 30 at the bottom may be formed as slide gates that can be opened and closed so that the opening area can be changed. For example, when the filter 30 is closed so that air cannot pass through and the pulverized material is manufactured so that only the filter 29 can pass air, the air is easily discharged from the filter 29 to the outside. New air is sucked from the raw material inlet 14 (air inlet 1).

  28 and 29, as shown in FIG. 30, for example, a raw material charging adapter 32 may be inserted into the upper part of the raw material charging port 14 as necessary. The shape of the adapter 32 is preferably, for example, a tapered conical shape having an open end as shown in the figure. The diameter L1 of the opening is selected according to the size of the raw material and the like, and the raw material input amount is preferably controlled. Further, for example, as shown in the figure, it is preferable that a ring is placed around the upper end of the raw material inlet 14, an adapter 32 is inserted into the ring, and air can be sucked into the pulverizer from a hole opened in the ring.

  28 and 29 can be used as, for example, a portable (portable) pulverized material manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a pulverized food product on a table. In this case, the raw material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tea, beans, coffee beans, dried foods, fruits, vegetables, boiled foods, grains, and processed foods such as bread and Takano tofu. The pulverized product to be produced is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, powder, liquid, or paste. For example, tea, beans, coffee beans, dry matter and the like can be pulverized to produce a powder. In addition, for example, fruit or vegetable may be crushed to produce juice. For example, depending on conditions, solids such as fibers in fruits and vegetables can be pulverized to a fine particle size (particle diameter) that cannot be achieved with a conventional juicer. Thereby, for example, the effect of producing a juice with a flavor that has not been conventionally possible can also be expected. In addition, according to this apparatus, for example, the paste may be manufactured by pulverizing the boiled food by appropriately setting the structure and pulverization conditions of the apparatus. That is, for example, a liver paste is produced by pulverizing a liver stew. Furthermore, this apparatus may be suitable for liquid food production etc. by appropriately setting the apparatus structure and pulverization conditions. For example, an appropriate liquid food and solid food are mixed and pulverized as appropriate. Therefore, it can be expected to produce a new liquid food that has never been obtained.

  Further, the method for cleaning the pulverized material production apparatus shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 is not particularly limited. For example, the apparatus can be simply cleaned by adding water from the raw material input port 14 without disassembling the apparatus. The introduced water is collected in the collector 5, and if the collector 5 is removed, the water is discharged from the lower part of the centrifugal separator 4.

  The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus in FIGS. 28 and 29 has been described above.

  31 and 32 show still another example of a pulverized product producing apparatus in which the pulverizer and the pulverized product recovery means are arranged adjacent to each other. FIG. 31 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pulverized material producing apparatus, FIG. 32 (a) is a top view of the same apparatus, and FIG. 32 (b) is a transverse sectional view at a section AA. This apparatus is the same as the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of FIGS. 28 and 29 except that the centrifuge 4 is a so-called multi-cyclone and that the dimensions of each part are different. 31 and 32, the centrifuge 4 is described as a multi-cyclone in which four cyclones are connected in parallel. The raw materials that can be pulverized by this apparatus and the pulverized product produced are the same as those of the apparatus shown in FIGS. Moreover, the pulverized material manufacturing method using this apparatus can also be performed similarly to the apparatus of FIGS. In addition, although the rotation speed of the impeller 20 (motor part 21) is not specifically limited, In the grinder of a dimension as shown to FIG. 31 and 32, 750-7,200r. p. m. , Preferably 1,500-4,500 r. p. m. It is.

  Small devices such as the dimensions shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 are suitable for home use, for example, while slightly larger devices such as those shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 are for business use, more specifically, for example, stores. Suitable for the manufacture and sale of fresh food powders and juices. However, the dimensions in the drawings are merely examples, and can be changed as appropriate, as described in the description of FIGS.

  The longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 33 shows still another example of the pulverized product manufacturing apparatus in which the pulverizer and the pulverized product recovery means are disposed adjacent to each other. As shown in the figure, this apparatus does not have the pulverized material recovery chamber 36, and instead has a fan (gas suction device) 15 and a filter 29 in contact with the upper surface of the raw material charging chamber, which are centrifuged through the passage. 31 and 32 is the same as the apparatus shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 except that it is connected to the separating means 4 and the dimensions of each part are different. The raw materials that can be pulverized by this apparatus and the pulverized product produced are the same as those of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 32 and 32, for example. The pulverized material manufacturing method using this apparatus can be performed in the same manner as the apparatus shown in FIGS. 31 and 32. In this apparatus, the air separated from the pulverized material by the centrifugal separator 4 is sucked by the fan 15. And is discharged to the outside through the filter 29. In addition, although the rotation speed of the impeller 20 (motor part 21) is not specifically limited, In the grinder of a dimension as shown in FIG. p. m. , Preferably 1,500-4,500 r. p. m. It is.

  A device having dimensions as shown in FIG. 33 and larger than those shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 is suitable for use in, for example, a lunchroom or a hospital. However, the dimensions in the drawing are merely examples, and can be changed as appropriate.

(Embodiment 9)
Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the pulverized product production apparatus of the present invention, for example, an auxiliary gas introduction port is formed at a place other than the raw material introduction port in the pulverizer, which is why the gas flow inside the pulverizer becomes smooth. Is more preferable. In this case, when the inside of the casing of the pulverizer is divided into a raw material inlet side and a pulverized material outlet side by a partition formed by a screen, the auxiliary gas inlet port is the raw material inlet port in the casing. It is preferably formed at a location other than the above, and if necessary, it may be an auxiliary gas introduction port for introducing gas to the raw material introduction port side, or an auxiliary gas for introducing gas to the pulverized product discharge port side. It may be an introduction port. That is, the pulverizer includes an outer peripheral portion (casing), a screen having fine holes, and a rotating blade (impeller), and the outer periphery of the screen and the rotating blade (impeller) is formed by the outer peripheral portion (casing). The outer peripheral portion (casing) is covered and has a raw material introduction port connected to the raw material supply means and a pulverized material discharge port connected to the pulverized material recovery means, and inside the outer peripheral portion (casing) The raw material inlet and the pulverized material outlet are separated by a partition formed by the screen, and the rotary blade (impeller) is disposed on the raw material inlet side, and the rotary blade (impeller) ) To produce a pulverized product by pulverizing the raw material by forcibly passing the raw material through the fine holes of the screen using wind force generated by rotation of In the case of a pulverizer that supplies the pulverized material into the pulverized material recovery means using the wind force, the pulverizer has an auxiliary gas inlet that introduces gas into the raw material inlet side of the outer peripheral portion. (Casing) may be formed at a location other than the raw material introduction port, and an auxiliary gas introduction port for introducing gas to the pulverized product discharge port side other than the raw material introduction port at the outer peripheral portion (casing). You may form in the location. Moreover, if necessary, both an auxiliary gas introduction port for introducing gas to the raw material introduction port side and an auxiliary gas introduction port for introducing gas to the pulverized product discharge port side may be formed. Furthermore, it is preferable that a pressurized gas introduction means is connected to the auxiliary gas introduction port for introducing gas to the raw material introduction port side or the pulverized product discharge port side, if necessary. The pressurized gas introduced by the pressurized gas introducing means is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, pressurized air (seal air), or may be an inert gas as necessary.

  Hereinafter, examples of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus and the pulverizer in which the auxiliary gas introduction port is formed will be described.

  FIG. 34 shows an example of a pulverizer in which an auxiliary gas inlet is formed. 34A is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 34B is a transverse sectional view. As shown in the figure, this pulverizer has the same configuration as the pulverizer of FIG. 10 except that the auxiliary gas introduction ports 33 and 34 are provided in the casing 18. As shown in the figure, a nozzle facing the cylindrical side surface of the screen 19 is provided on the side of the outer wall of the casing 18 opposite to the pulverized product discharge port 2, and an auxiliary gas introduction port 33 is formed at the tip of the nozzle. The direction of the nozzle is parallel to the direction of rotation of the impeller 20, and the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 is oriented in the same direction as the pulverized product discharge port 2. The auxiliary gas inlet 34 is formed as a hole having a small hole diameter on the side of the casing 18 facing the motor 21, and gas can be introduced into the inside of the screen 19, that is, the raw material inlet side inside the casing 18. The auxiliary gas introduction port 34 is connected with pressurized gas introduction means (not shown). In the figure, four auxiliary gas inlets 34 are formed, but the number is not limited to this, and any number is possible. 34A and 34B, the black arrow on the outside of the casing 18 represents the rotation direction of the impeller 20, the white arrow represents the gas introduction direction, and the arrow on the inside of the casing 18 represents the inside of the casing 18. Represents the wind direction.

  The raw material pulverization using the pulverizers of FIGS. 34 (a) and 34 (b) can be performed, for example, as follows. As shown in the drawing, when the raw material is introduced from the raw material introduction port 22 while the impeller 20 is rotated toward the outlet side of the pulverized product discharge port 2, gas is introduced from the raw material introduction port 22 together with the raw material, It is also introduced from the gas inlet 33. Further, when the pressurized gas introduction means connected to the auxiliary gas introduction port 34 is operated, the pressurized gas is introduced from the auxiliary gas introduction port 34. The gas introduced from the raw material inlet 22 and the auxiliary gas inlet 34 flows from the inside of the cylinder of the screen 19 to the outside. The raw material is pulverized, for example, by forced passage through the screen 19 to become a pulverized product. Further, the gas introduced from the raw material introduction port 22 and the auxiliary gas introduction ports 33 and 34 flows along the rotation direction of the impeller 20 and is discharged from the pulverized product discharge port 2 together with the pulverized product. The auxiliary gas inlet 33 may be a pulverizer adjacent to the pulverized material outlet 2 as shown in a cross-sectional view (c) in FIG. The crusher of FIG. 34 (c) (the vertical cross-sectional view is omitted) is the same as the crusher of FIGS. 34 (a) and (b) except that the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 is adjacent to the pulverized material discharge port 2. is there. Further, the raw material pulverization using this pulverizer can be performed in the same manner as the pulverizers shown in FIGS. 34 (a) and (b).

  Hereinafter, the reason why such an auxiliary gas inlet is preferably formed will be described in detail.

  As described above, the pulverizer used in the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention pulverizes the raw material by forcibly passing the fine holes of the screen using wind power to produce the pulverized material. For example, in the case of the pulverizer shown in FIG. 10, due to the wind force generated by the impeller 20, the pressure inside the cylinder of the screen 19 (that is, the raw material introduction port side) becomes higher than that of the outside (that is, the pulverized material discharge port side). Using this pressure difference, the raw material can be forced to pass through the fine holes of the screen and pulverized. However, if the amount of the raw material to be processed at one time becomes too large, the amount of the raw material, particles generated by the internal pulverization of the screen and the like passing through the fine holes of the screen also increases. Therefore, the amount of gas that can pass through the fine holes of the screen is reduced, and the wind power is reduced outside the screen cylinder (on the side of the pulverized product discharge port), so that the ability to transport the pulverized product is reduced. In other words, the amount of pulverized material passing to the pulverized product discharge port side increases, but the transport capacity decreases. It gradually accumulates on each part of the product manufacturing apparatus. This is a state in which the wind power (or the air volume or gas flow rate) decreases as the raw material input amount increases, the wind power necessary for transportation cannot be secured, and the limit of the raw material throughput of the crusher is exceeded. In order to prevent such a state, the amount of raw material input is the appropriate ratio of the amount of pulverized material transported to the gas flow rate on the side of the pulverized material outlet, and the gas flow rate (air volume) required for transportation. It is necessary to suppress to the extent that can be secured. This upper limit of the raw material input amount is the upper limit of the raw material processing amount of the pulverizer.

  Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 34, when an auxiliary gas introduction port 33 for introducing gas is formed on the pulverized product discharge port side of the pulverizer, gas is introduced from the pulverized product on the pulverized product discharge port side. Transport capacity is improved. Thereby, the raw material throughput which can be processed with a grinder can be increased, and the stable operation | movement of a pulverized material manufacturing apparatus is attained. In order to introduce the gas from the auxiliary gas introduction port 33, it is preferable that the pressure outside the screen of the pulverizer is lower than the pressure at the auxiliary gas introduction port 33. For this purpose, for example, a pressurized gas introducing means may be separately connected to the auxiliary gas introducing port 33 to thereby introduce the pressurized gas. Further, the amount of gas introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 33 is not particularly limited. For example, the gas pressure at the auxiliary gas inlet 33 may be the same as the gas pressure near the fine holes of the screen 19.

  On the other hand, on the raw material inlet side of the pulverizer, for example, powder generated by pulverization inside the screen may accumulate in the gap between the impeller main plate and the casing, which may impede rotation of the impeller. In order to prevent this, for example, as shown in FIG. 34, an auxiliary gas introduction port 34 may be formed on the side of the casing 18 facing the motor 21, and pressurized gas may be introduced therefrom. Thereby, accumulation of the said powder etc. can be prevented or the deposited powder etc. can be blown off, and the impeller rotation inhibition etc. can be prevented. In this case, the amount of pressurized gas introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 34 is not particularly limited, and varies depending on various conditions, but from the viewpoint of not preventing smooth transportation of the pulverized product, the accumulation of the powder or the like is prevented, or It is preferable to suppress the amount to a sufficient level to blow off the deposited powder or the like. The amount of the pressurized gas introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 34 is, for example, such that the air volume of the pressurized gas is about 10% of the internal air volume of the screen 19. The gap is preferably as narrow as possible in order to prevent the flow of gas blown out from the gap (clearance) between the outer periphery of the main plate of the impeller 20 and the inner wall of the screen 19 from interfering with the crushed material transport. The pulverizer shown in FIG. 34 may be, for example, a pulverizer having a structure shown in the sectional view of FIG. 34 (d) instead of the sectional view of FIG. 34 (a). FIG. 34 (d) is the same as FIG. 34 (a) except that the auxiliary gas introduction port 34 is provided in the shaft seal part in the gap between the casing 18 and the motor part 21 and faces the rotation axis of the impeller 20. It is. By providing the auxiliary gas inlet in the shaft seal part, the effect of preventing accumulation of powder, etc. between the impeller main plate and the casing, the effect of preventing external leakage of powder, etc. due to gas leakage from the shaft seal part, and seal protection (powder) It is also possible to obtain an effect such as prevention of damage due to the like.

  In the present invention, the pressurized gas introduction means connected to the auxiliary gas introduction port for introducing gas to the raw material introduction port side or the pulverized product discharge port side is not particularly limited. A blower or the like may be used. Further, the air in the compressed air source may be appropriately decompressed as necessary and used as seal air (pressurized air). The power of the pressurized gas introducing means can be taken from the rotational force of the shaft in the impeller of the pulverizer, for example.

  Next, FIG. 35 shows an example of a pulverizer in which the rotating shaft of the impeller is arranged in parallel with the direction in which gravity works, that is, a vertical pulverizer, and the auxiliary gas inlet is formed. Show. FIG. 35A is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 35B is a transverse sectional view. As shown in the figure, this pulverizer has the same configuration as the pulverizer of FIG. 24 except that the auxiliary gas introduction ports 33 and 34 are provided in the casing 18. 35 does not show an air inlet (gas inlet) as shown in FIG. 24, it may or may not be the same as in FIG. As illustrated, a nozzle facing the cylindrical side surface of the screen 19 is provided at a position adjacent to the pulverized material discharge port 2 on the outer wall side surface of the casing 18 as illustrated, and an auxiliary gas introduction port 33 is formed at the tip of the nozzle. ing. The direction of the nozzle is parallel to the direction of rotation of the impeller 20, and the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 is oriented in the same direction as the pulverized product discharge port 2. The auxiliary gas inlet 34 is formed as a hole having a small hole diameter on the side of the casing 18 facing the motor 21, and gas can be introduced into the inside of the screen 19, that is, the raw material inlet side inside the casing 18. The auxiliary gas introduction port 34 is connected with pressurized gas introduction means (not shown). In the figure, four auxiliary gas inlets 34 are formed, but the number is not limited to this, and any number is possible. 35 (a) and 35 (b), the black arrow on the outside of the casing 18 represents the rotation direction of the impeller 20, the white arrow represents the gas introduction direction, and the arrow on the inside of the casing 18 represents the inside of the casing 18. Represents the wind direction. The pulverizer shown in FIG. 35 may be, for example, a pulverizer having a structure shown in the sectional view of FIG. 35C instead of the sectional view of FIG. FIG. 35C is the same as FIG. 35A except that the auxiliary gas introduction port 34 is provided in the shaft seal part in the gap between the casing 18 and the motor part 21 and is oriented in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the impeller 20. It is. By providing the auxiliary gas inlet in the shaft seal part, the effect of preventing accumulation of powder, etc. between the impeller main plate and the casing, the effect of preventing external leakage of powder, etc. due to gas leakage from the shaft seal part, and seal protection (powder) It is also possible to obtain an effect such as prevention of damage due to the like.

  The raw material pulverization using the apparatus of FIG. 35 can be performed in the same manner as the apparatus of FIG. 34, for example. In the case of a vertical pulverizer, powder or the like generated by internal pulverization of the screen easily accumulates in the gap between the impeller main plate and the casing due to gravity. For example, the auxiliary gas inlet 34 as shown in FIG. It is effective.

  FIG. 36 shows another example of a pulverizer in which the auxiliary gas introduction port is formed. FIG. 36A is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 36B is a transverse sectional view. In this pulverizer, the direction of the nozzle in which the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 is formed is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the impeller 20, the direction of the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 is the same as that of the raw material introduction port 22, and the nozzle and casing It is the same as that of the grinder of FIG. 34 except that 18 main bodies are separated by the slit. The gas introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 33 can be introduced into the casing 18 body through the slit. The raw material pulverization using this pulverizer can be performed, for example, in the same manner as the pulverizer of FIG.

  FIG. 37 shows another example of a vertical crusher in which the auxiliary gas inlet is formed. FIG. 37 (a) is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 37 (b) is a transverse sectional view. In this pulverizer, the direction of the nozzle in which the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 is formed is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the impeller 20, the direction of the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 is the same as that of the raw material introduction port 22, and the nozzle and casing It is the same as that of the grinder of FIG. 35 except that 18 main bodies are separated by the slit. The gas introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 33 can be introduced into the casing 18 body through the slit. The raw material pulverization using this pulverizer can be performed, for example, in the same manner as the pulverizer of FIG.

  The slit in the pulverizer of FIG. 36 or 37 may be a hole having a shape such as a round hole instead of the slit. In the pulverizer of FIG. 36 or 37, for example, the nozzle may be omitted, and only the slit may be provided in the casing 18 main body wall, and this slit may be used as the auxiliary gas inlet 33.

  34 to 37, for example, if the gap width between the impeller 20 and the casing 18 is widened near the pulverized material discharge port, adhesion and accumulation of the pulverized material near the pulverized material discharge port are prevented. Alternatively, it can be reduced, and the flow of the pulverized product becomes smooth, which is preferable. This is because, for example, the gas flow rate tends to increase as the position is closer to the pulverized material discharge port due to the merge of the gas introduced from the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 and the gas that has passed through the screen 19. In addition to this, it is preferable to set the shape, outer diameter, width, and the like of the casing 18 as appropriate so that the flow of gas and pulverized material is smooth.

  In the pulverizer used in the present invention, the raw material introduction port side and the pulverized product discharge port side are separated by a screen, so that even if gas is introduced from the auxiliary gas introduction port, the raw material and coarsely pulverized material are produced by the gas flow. However, there is an advantage that there is no short path in the crusher.

  Next, an example of the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention using a pulverizer as shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 38 shows an example of a pulverized material production apparatus using the pulverizer of FIG. As shown in the figure, this apparatus is such that the pulverizer 3 is the pulverizer of FIG. 34, the pressure adjusting valve 11 is connected to the auxiliary gas inlet 33 of the pulverizer 3, and the auxiliary gas inlet ( The apparatus is the same as the apparatus of FIG. 1A except that a blower 15 ′ as a seal air introduction means (pressurized gas introduction means) is connected to the seal air introduction port 34. The pressure regulating valve 11 may optionally be connected to the air suction port 1 through a passage as shown by a dotted line in the figure. The pulverized material manufacturing method using this apparatus is the same as the apparatus of FIG. 1A except that, for example, the sealing air is introduced from the sealing air introduction port 34 by the blower 15 ′ and the pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulating valve 11. Can be done.

  The amount of gas (air) introduced from the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 is not particularly limited. For example, the pressure adjustment valve 11 allows the gas pressure at the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 to be the same as the gas pressure in the vicinity of the fine holes of the screen. Adjust it. Or, for example, only by the amount of gas introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 33, the transport amount of the pulverized product and the gas flow rate on the pulverized product discharge port side have a ratio suitable for pulverized product transport, and are necessary for crushed product transport. A gas flow rate (flow rate) is preferably obtained. That is, since the amount of raw material introduced is large, even if the amount of air passing through the screen micropores is zero, it is preferable that transportation is possible only with the gas introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 33. The ratio of the transport amount of the pulverized product and the gas flow rate at the pulverized product discharge port side, that is, the value obtained by dividing the transport amount of the pulverized product per unit time (kg / sec) by the gas flow rate per unit time (kg / sec) is Although it does not specifically limit, For example, it is 0.5-30, Preferably it is 1-20, More preferably, it is 2-15.

Although the setting of the pressure and the air volume of each part of the apparatus is not particularly limited, for example, the following is performed. That is, first, in the raw material processing amount limit state in a state where there is no gas introduction from the auxiliary gas introduction ports 33 and 34 (a state where the pulverized material cannot be transported when the raw material input amount is further increased), the inside of the screen of the pulverizer 3 Assuming that the pressure is P ₁ (mmAq) higher than the external pressure and the screen external pressure is P ₂ (mmAq) higher (−P ₂ mmAq lower) than the external pressure, the screen pressure loss (screen crushing pressure required) ΔP ₁ (mmAq) is It is represented by Formula (3).

ΔP ₁ = P ₁ −P ₂ (3)

For example, a _{P 1} is 250mmAq (2.45kPa), when _{P 2} is assumed to be -100mmAq (0.981kPa), ΔP ₁ is, 250mmAq - (- 100mmAq) = become 350mmAq (3.43kPa). For example, if P ₁ is 280 mmAq (2.75 kPa) and P ₂ is −50 mmAq (0.490 kPa), ΔP ₁ is 280 mmAq − (− 50 mmAq) = 330 mmAq (3.24 kPa). . The pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention includes, for example, means for measuring the screen internal pressure of the pulverizer (screen internal pressure measuring means), means for measuring the screen external pressure of the pulverizer (screen external pressure measuring means). And at least one means selected from the group consisting of means for measuring the screen pressure loss of the pulverizer (screen pressure loss measuring means). These measuring means are not particularly limited, but for example, a general pressure gauge or the like may be used as appropriate. Moreover, the pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention adjusts at least one selected from the group consisting of, for example, the screen internal pressure of the pulverizer, the screen external pressure of the pulverizer, and the screen pressure loss of the pulverizer. It is preferable to have a means. Although the method of adjusting these is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable to adjust with the raw material input, and other means, such as a pressure control valve, may be used. It is more preferable to adjust the screen pressure loss among the screen internal pressure, the screen external pressure, and the screen pressure loss.

Here, the screen pressure loss ΔP ₁ varies depending on, for example, the amount of raw material input (processing amount). Therefore, in the present invention, for example, [Delta] P ₁ is increased The more raw material input, [Delta] P ₁ if less raw material input by utilizing the fact that the smaller can control the [Delta] P ₁ constant. That is, for example, it is preferable to operate so that the ΔP ₁ value becomes a predetermined appropriate ΔP ₁ value (which is not particularly limited, but 100 mmAq as an example). From the viewpoint of safety and the like, it is preferable not to exceed the appropriate ΔP ₁ value, and from the viewpoint of grinding efficiency and the like, it is preferable that the ΔP ₁ value does not decrease too much. If ΔP ₁ becomes too large due to too much raw material input, the raw material input may be reduced, and if ΔP ₁ becomes small, the raw material input may be increased. Thus, stable and smooth pulverization can be performed by adjusting and maintaining the screen pressure loss ΔP ₁ in an appropriate state by the amount of raw material input. In the present invention, it is preferable to adjust and maintain at least one of the screen internal pressure, the screen external pressure, and the screen pressure loss. For example, it is more preferable to automatically change the raw material input amount according to the measured (detected) internal screen pressure, external screen pressure, or screen pressure loss. As described above, it is preferable to appropriately adjust and maintain the screen pressure loss among the screen internal pressure, the screen external pressure, and the screen pressure loss. Further, for example, if ΔP ₁ is appropriately adjusted by the gas suction device 15, the pulverization is easily performed and the raw material input amount (processing amount) is easily increased. That is, for example, by increasing the [Delta] P ₁ by increasing the suction force of the gas suction device 15 regardless of the increase raw material input, preferably tends to increase the upper limit of the material throughput. Then, the difference between P ₂ of the screen external pressure and external pressure, for example, a suitably adjustable by a pressure regulating valve 11 and the gas suction device 15. When P ₂ is appropriate, ground product transport is easily performed smoothly, thereby enabling stable operation of the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus. For example, if P ₂ is too small (screen external pressure is very low compared to the external pressure), increase the gas introduction amount from the auxiliary gas inlet 33 by opening the pressure regulating valve 11, P ₂ is too large (the screen If the external pressure is not sufficiently lower than the external pressure), the pressure adjustment valve 11 may be throttled to reduce the amount of gas introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 33. The pressure regulating valve 11 preferably has a gas flow rate can be secured performance required P ₂ and ground product transport of the required size. The size of the pressure regulating valve 11 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to appropriately select the pressure regulating valve 11 in consideration of the above performance. The pressure in the seal air inlet ports 34 inlet, and _{P 1} or more.

Next, assuming that the total value of pressure loss (pressure drop) in the apparatus components from the pulverized product discharge port 2 to the gas suction device 15, that is, the passage, the centrifugal separator 4, and the filtration collector 6 is P ₃ (mmAq), The suction pressure in the gas suction machine 15 is set to a numerical value of − (− P ₂ + P ₃ ) or less. That is, _{P 2} is -100MmAq, When _{P 3} is 250 mmAq, the suction pressure is less -350mmAq (-3.43kPa).

Further, the air volume introduced from the air inlet 1 is F ₁ (M ³ / min), the air volume introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 33 is F ₂ (M ³ / min), and the seal air inlet (auxiliary Assuming that the flow rate of air introduced from the gas introduction port 34 is F ₃ (M ³ / min) and the flow rate of the leakage air in the system is F ₄ (M ³ / min), the suction flow rate of the gas suction machine 15 is F ₁ + F ₂ + F ₃ + F ₄ (M ³ / min) or more.

  The apparatus in FIG. 38 has been described above.

  FIG. 39 shows another example of a pulverized material production apparatus using the pulverizer of FIG. As shown in the figure, this apparatus includes a pulverizer 3 as shown in FIG. 34, a raw material storage means 9 and a rotary valve 8, a metering feeder 81 and a connecting pipe 16 provided therebelow. It has the raw material inlet 14, the pressure regulating valve 11 is connected to the auxiliary gas inlet 33 of the pulverizer 3, and a passage extending from the air inlet 1 to the pulverizer 3 is immediately before the raw material inlet 14. It is branched and connected to the pressure regulating valve 11 of the auxiliary gas introduction port 33, and the blower 15 ′ as the seal air introduction means (pressurized gas introduction means) and the pressure are connected to the auxiliary gas introduction port (seal air introduction port) 34. Except that the regulating valve 11 is connected, it is the same as the apparatus of FIG. The passage extending from the air suction port 1 to the pulverizer 3 may optionally be further branched immediately before the raw material input port 14 and connected to a blower 15 ′ as a seal air introduction means. Taking seal air from the passage in this way is preferable because it saves the motive energy of the blower 15 'as the seal air introduction means. The pulverized material manufacturing method using this apparatus is performed in the same manner as the apparatus shown in FIG. 5 except that, for example, the sealing air is introduced from the sealing air introduction port 34 by the blower 15 ′ and the pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulating valve 11. it can.

Although the setting of the pressure of each part of the apparatus is not particularly limited, for example, it is performed as follows. That is, first, the screen pressure loss (screen necessary crushing pressure) of the pulverizer 3 is ΔP ₁ (mmAq), and the pressure loss between the blower 15 ′ connected to the air inlet 1 and the pulverizer 3 is ΔP ₂ ( mmAq), the pressure loss between the pulverizer 3 and the pulverized material storage means 10 is ΔP ₃ (mmAq), the pressure loss in the pulverized material storage means 10 is ΔP ₄ (mmAq), and the pulverized material storage means 10 The pressure loss between the filtration and collection means 6 is ΔP ₅ (mmAq), the pressure loss within the filtration and collection means 6 is ΔP ₆ (mmAq), and the pressure loss between the filtration and collection means 6 and the gas suction device 15 is Let ΔP ₇ (mmAq). In this case, the discharge pressure P _A of the blower 15 'which is connected to the air inlet 1, and as the following formula (4). Moreover, let the suction pressure of the gas suction machine 15 be as the following formula (5).

P _A ≧ ΔP ₁ + ΔP ₂ + ΔP ₃ + ΔP ₄ + ΔP ₅ (4)
P _B ≦ − (ΔP ₆ + ΔP ₇ ) (5)

That is, for example, ΔP ₁ is 500 mmAq (4.90 kPa), ΔP ₂ is 200 mmAq (1.96 kPa), ΔP ₃ is 1500 mmAq (14.7 kPa), ΔP ₄ is 100 mmAq (0.981 kPa), and ΔP ₅ is 50 mmAq (0. 490 kPa), [Delta] P ₆ is 100mmAq (0.981kPa), the [Delta] P ₇ is assumed to be 20mmAq (0.196kPa), _{P a} is 2350mmAq (23.0kPa) above, _{P B} is -120mmAq (-1.18kPa) below And

In addition, in order to smoothly introduce the gas from the auxiliary gas inlet 33 in the apparatus of FIG. 39, it is preferable that the outlet pressure of the blower 15 ′ is higher than the screen external pressure in the pulverizer. As an example, when the external pressure is 0 mmAq, the blower 15 ′ outlet pressure may be 3200 mmAq (31.4 kPa), and the screen external pressure in the pulverizer may be 3100 mmAq (30.4 kPa). At this time, if the internal pressure of the screen in the pulverizer is 3480 mmAq (34.1 kPa), the screen pressure loss ΔP ₁ of the pulverizer 3 is 380 mmAq (3.73 kPa).

The amount of gas (air) introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 33 is not particularly limited. For example, it may be adjusted by the pressure regulating valve 11 as in the above-described apparatus of FIG. Here, the performance and size of the pressure regulating valve 11 and the pressure at the inlet of the seal air inlet 34 are the same as those in the apparatus of FIG. The screen pressure loss ΔP ₁ can also be adjusted in the same manner as in the apparatus of FIG. For example, as in the apparatus of FIG. 38, it is preferable to increase ΔP ₁ by increasing the suction force of the gas suction device 15 regardless of the increase in the amount of raw material input because the upper limit of the raw material processing amount can be easily increased. In the apparatus of FIG. 39, the screen pressure loss ΔP ₁ can be appropriately adjusted not only by the raw material input amount (processing amount) and the gas suction device 15 but also by the blower 15 ′. The difference between the screen external pressure and the external pressure can be adjusted in the same manner as in the apparatus of FIG. 38. However, in the apparatus of FIG. 39, for example, not only the pressure adjustment valve 11 and the gas suction device 15 but also the blower 15 ′ It can also be adjusted.

Although the setting of the air volume is not particularly limited, for example, it may be the same as that of the apparatus of FIG. That is, the air volume introduced from the air inlet 1 is F ₁ (M ³ / min), the air volume introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 33 is F ₂ (M ³ / min), and the seal air inlet (auxiliary Assuming that the flow rate of air introduced from the gas introduction port 34 is F ₃ (M ³ / min) and the flow rate of the leakage air in the system is F ₄ (M ³ / min), the suction flow rate of the gas suction machine 15 is F ₁ + F ₂ + F ₃ + F ₄ (M ³ / min) or more.

  The apparatus of FIG. 39 has been described above.

  FIG. 40 shows an example of a pulverized product manufacturing apparatus using the pulverizer (vertical pulverizer) of FIG. As shown in the figure, this apparatus includes a pulverizer 3 as shown in FIG. 35, a pressure adjusting valve 11 connected to the auxiliary gas inlet 33 of the pulverizer 3, and an auxiliary gas inlet (seal air). The air inlet 15) is connected to a blower 15 ′ as a sealing air introduction means (pressurized gas introduction means) and a pressure adjusting valve 11, and instead of the raw material inlet 14, the raw material storage means 9, the rotary valve 8, The apparatus is the same as the apparatus shown in FIG. 1A except that it has a fixed amount feeder 81 and a connecting pipe (not shown). Further, the arrangement of the raw material storage means 9, the rotary valve 8, the quantitative supply device 81 and the connecting pipe (not shown) is the same as that of the apparatus of FIG. For example, the pressure regulating valve 11 of the auxiliary gas introduction port 33 may be connected to a blower 15 ′ as sealing air introduction means, as indicated by a dotted line in the figure. The pulverized material manufacturing method using this apparatus is the same as the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 except that, for example, the sealing air is introduced from the sealing air introduction port 34 by the blower 15 ′ and the pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulating valve 11. Can be done. The settings of the gas introduction amount, the pressure of each part of the apparatus, and the air volume are not particularly limited, but are the same as those of the apparatus of FIG. 38 or 39, for example.

  FIG. 41 shows still another example of a pulverized material production apparatus using the pulverizer of FIG. As shown in the figure, in this apparatus, the pulverizer 3 is the pulverizer shown in FIG. 34, the pressure adjusting valve 11 is connected to the auxiliary gas inlet 33 of the pulverizer 3, and the auxiliary gas inlet 34. In addition, the apparatus is the same as the apparatus of FIG. 8 except that a turbo gas suction device 151 and a pressure regulating valve 11 are connected as pressurized gas introduction means. The circulation path of the inert gas branches near the outlet of the heat exchanger 12 and is connected to the pressure regulating valve 11 of the auxiliary gas inlet 33 and the turbo type gas suction device 151. The pulverized material manufacturing method using this apparatus is, for example, introducing an inert gas (pressurized gas) pressurized from the auxiliary gas inlet 34 by the blower 15 ′ and adjusting the pressure by the pressure adjustment valve 11. It can be performed in the same manner as the apparatus of FIG. The settings of the gas introduction amount, the pressure of each part of the apparatus, and the air volume are not particularly limited, but are the same as those of the apparatus of FIG. 38 or 39, for example.

  Furthermore, each component and arrangement of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 38 to 41 may be appropriately changed according to, for example, each of the above embodiments. The pulverized material manufacturing method using these apparatuses is not limited to the above-described method, and can be appropriately changed.

  As mentioned above, although several embodiment in the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of this invention and the pulverized material manufacturing method using the same was described as above-mentioned, these are only illustrations and this invention is various in addition to these. Embodiments are possible.

  Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

  The pulverized material production apparatus shown in any of the above embodiments was assembled, and various raw materials were pulverized. As the pulverizer, those having the structure shown in FIG. 10 were used.

In all of Examples 1 to 18, pulverization was performed at a screen internal air volume of 22 M ³ / min in a pulverizer and a preliminary pulverizer. This air volume was measured with the apparatus shown in FIG. 25 by the above-described method using a Pitot flow meter 26 using FV-21 (trade name) manufactured by Okazaki Seisakusho. Moreover, the static pressure measured by this measurement was 146 mmAq (1.43 kPa). A gas suction machine having a turbo fan was used as the gas suction machine. Using this gas suction device, the air volume inside the passage in the pulverizer manufacturing apparatus was measured by the above-described method using the apparatus shown in FIG. 26, and it was 31 M ³ / min. At the time of this measurement, FV-21 (trade name) manufactured by Okazaki Seisakusho was used as the Pitot tube flow meter 26. Moreover, the suction pressure (static pressure) of the gas suction device measured by this measurement was −200 mmAq (−1.96 kPa). The screen in the pulverizer was a cylindrical screen. A total of five types of screens having an aperture diameter of 8, 5, 3, 2, and 1 mm were prepared, and used as appropriate. In these five types of screens, the length (cylinder height), diameter, and screen effective portion length (dimension in the cylindrical height direction in the screen effective portion) are all constant values. Specifically, the length is 200 mm, The diameter was 300 mm, and the effective screen length was 145 mm. The holes in the screen were all round (circular), the hole diameter was the same on the inside and outside of the screen, the screen was made of stainless steel, and the thickness was 2 mm. Moreover, the screen aperture ratios were all 20% or more. The impeller was used in accordance with the screen so that the gap width with the inner wall of the screen was 8 mm. Specifically, an impeller with a main plate, no side plate, a straight plate type, and six blades having the structure shown in FIG. 27 was used. However, FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram and does not strictly show the structure of the impeller used in Examples 1 to 18. In this impeller, the diameter 2R was 284 mm, and the wing width (dimension in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the main plate at the tip of the wing) h was 140 mm. Moreover, the material of this impeller was carbon steel. Further, the casing inner diameter (inner diameter in the direction perpendicular to the impeller rotation direction) in the pulverizer was 190 mm at the minimum and 270 mm at the maximum. The particle size and particle size distribution of the pulverized product were measured using a trade name HORIBALA-910 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.

First, the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus having the structure shown in FIG. As the centrifugal separator 4, a cyclone dust collector (inner diameter 450 mm, straight cylinder length 450 mm, conical length 900 mm) is used. As the filtration collector 6, a bag filter (made by Nippon Doraldson, trade name Unimaster, pore diameter) is used. 1 μm) was used. A screen having a diameter of 300 mm and an aperture diameter of 8 mm and an impeller were attached thereto, and the impeller was rotated at a rotational speed of 2000 r. p. m. And the cyclone dust collector and the gas suction machine were operated. Then, when 10 kg of Bincho charcoal having a size of about 5 × 5 × 3 cm in advance was gradually introduced manually from the raw material inlet 14, about 9.8 kg of fine powder having a particle size of about 1 to 300 μm was instantaneously collected. It was collected in the vessel 5. That is, Bincho charcoal powder with a very small particle size could be produced with a very high yield of 98%. Moreover, no problems such as powder ignition occurred. The unrecovered 0.2 kg is considered to be due to adhesion inside the apparatus or passing through the bag filter stitch (pore diameter 1 μm). In addition, this example was performed in an environment at room temperature of 28 ° C. When this operation was continued for 1.2 minutes and the raw material processing amount per hour was calculated, the processing amount of Bincho charcoal was 500 kg / hr, and this was calculated as the effective area of the screen inside the crusher (the following examples) In terms of 1 m ² ), it was 3703 kg / hr · m ² . Similar results were obtained even when charcoal (about 5 × 5 × 5 cm) derived from ogarite (a general term for solid fuel in which sawdust was compressed) was used instead of Bincho charcoal.

First, the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus having the structure shown in FIG. 2 was assembled. The same cyclone dust collector and bag filter as in Example 1 were used for the centrifugal separator 4 and the filtration / collection means 6. Both the pulverizer and the preliminary pulverizer were equipped with a screen having a diameter of 300 mm and a hole diameter of 2 mm, and an impeller. Each impeller is rotated at a rotational speed of 2000 r. p. m. And the cyclone dust collector and the gas suction machine were operated. Then, when 10 kg of Bincho charcoal having a size of about 5 × 5 × 3 cm in advance was gradually and manually added from the raw material inlet 14, approximately 5.5 kg of fine powder having a particle diameter of about 1 to 10 μm was obtained almost simultaneously with the addition. It was collected in the collector 5. After a while, the remaining 4.5 kg was recovered as a powder having a particle size of 10 μm or more. That is, according to this example, Bincho charcoal powder having a smaller particle diameter than that of Example 1 was obtained in a yield of approximately 100% in total. This example was performed in an environment at room temperature of 28 ° C. When this operation was continued for 3 minutes and the raw material processing amount per hour was calculated, the processing amount of Bincho charcoal was 200 kg / hr, and this was converted to 730 kg / hr per 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the crusher. hr · m ² .

First, an apparatus similar to that of Example 2 was assembled and operated under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the screen opening diameter was 8 mm in the preliminary pulverizer and 3 mm in the pulverizer. Then, when ogarite-derived charcoal having a size of about 5 × 5 × 5 cm in advance was gradually manually introduced from the raw material inlet 14, fine powder was collected almost quantitatively in the collector 5. The amount collected was 7.8 kg in the collector 5 below the cyclone dust collector 4 and 2.1 kg in the collector 5 below the bag filter 6. When the particle shape of these fine powders was measured, the main peak appeared at 100 μm in the collector 5 below the cyclone dust collector 4, and the main peak at 5 μm in the collector 5 below the bag filter 6. The particle size distribution was sharp. That is, by pulverizing the pulverized product, a pulverized product having a finer particle shape and a uniform particle size distribution was obtained. Moreover, when this operation was continued for 1 minute 30 seconds and the raw material processing amount per hour was calculated, the processing amount of the ogarite-derived charcoal was 380 kg / hr, and this was per 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer. In terms of conversion, it was 1310 kg / hr · m ² .

In this example, weeds grown on Kawahara were pulverized. That is, first, weeds were cut from unspecified places using a mower. When this was preliminarily cut by a shredder prior to pulverization (micronization), long stems such as Japanese pampas grass and scorpion grass were cut to about 5 cm. Next, an apparatus similar to that in Example 1 was assembled, a screen having a diameter of 300 mm and an aperture diameter of 2 mm was attached, and the impeller was rotated at a rotational speed of 2000 r. p. m. And the cyclone dust collector and the gas suction machine were operated. When the pre-cut weeds were introduced from the raw material inlet 14, fine powder having a particle size of 10 to 100 μm and a water content of 12 wt% was obtained. In this example, although the moisture content of the raw material is extremely high, the pores of the screen (opening diameter 2 mm) are not clogged with the grass powder, and the moisture contained in the grass It adhered to the impeller, and the fine powder only adhered in a moist state. That is, a highly water-containing substance that is difficult to grind according to the prior art could be effectively finely powdered according to the present invention. In addition, the present Example was performed in the environment of room temperature 30 degreeC. This operation was continued for 4 minutes to treat 10 kg of weeds. When the raw material processing amount per hour was calculated, the weed processing amount was 150 kg / hr, which was 1095 kg / hr · m ² when converted to 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer.

First, bamboo sword bamboo (water content 18 wt%) was cut into a size of about 50 mm in length, 10 mm in width, and about 5 mm square in thickness to obtain bamboo chips. On the other hand, the same pulverized product producing apparatus as in Example 4 was assembled except that the screen was replaced with one having an aperture diameter of 5 mm and a cylindrical diameter of 300 mm, and the impeller was rotated at a rotational speed of 2000 r. p. m. And the cyclone dust collector and the gas suction machine were operated. Then, when 5 kg of the bamboo chips were gradually manually added from the raw material inlet 14, 3.6 kg of dry fine powder having a particle diameter of about 20 to 500 μm (water content 12 wt%) was instantaneously collected in the collector 5. It was collected. That is, according to this example, green bamboo with a high water content could be finely powdered with good yield, and a drying effect was also obtained. This example was performed in an environment at room temperature of 25 ° C. When the raw material throughput per hour was calculated by continuing this operation for 1 minute and 30 seconds, the throughput of bamboo chips was 200 kg / hr, and when this was converted per 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer, It was 1460 kg / hr · m ² .

In both the pulverizer and the preliminary pulverizer, the screen was replaced with a screen having a cylindrical diameter of 300 mm and an aperture diameter of 1 mm, and the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the room temperature was 28 ° C. (impeller rotation speed) 2000 rpm), 5 kg of bamboo chips (water content 18 wt%), which had been cut in advance to a size of about 50 mm in length, 10 mm in width, and about 5 mm square, were pulverized. As a result, 3.1 kg of fine powder having a particle size of about 1 to 300 μm was obtained in an almost completely dry state with a moisture content of 7 wt%. When this operation was continued for 3 minutes and the raw material throughput per hour was calculated, the bamboo chip throughput was 100 kg / hr, which was calculated as 365 kg / hr when converted to an area of 1 m ² inside the screen in the crusher. hr · m ² .

When 3 kg of bamboo fine powder having a particle size of about 1 to 300 μm obtained in Example 6 (water content 7 wt%) was again put into the same apparatus and treated in the same manner as in Example 6, it was instantaneously about 1 to 250 μm. The particle size became. That is, when the residence time of the bamboo fine powder in the pulverizer was increased, the particle size was further reduced. When the raw material throughput per hour was calculated by continuing this operation for 45 seconds, the throughput of the bamboo fine powder was 250 kg / hr. When converted to 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the crusher, 912 kg / Hr · m ² .

In this example, cedar was made into chips and further powdered. That is, cedar was first made into a chip having a length of 20 mm, a diameter of 10 mm, and a thickness of about 2 mm square (water content 13 wt%). Next, except that the screen diameter is 300 mm and the aperture diameter is 5 mm, the same pulverized material manufacturing apparatus as in Example 1 is operated (impeller rotational speed 2000 rpm), and the cedar chips are manually inserted from the raw material inlet 14. I put it in. As a result, a fine powder (water content 8 wt%) with a particle size of about 30 to 1000 μm was obtained in the collector 5 almost simultaneously with the addition. This operation was continued for 2 minutes to process 10 kg of cedar chips. When the raw material throughput per hour was calculated, the throughput of cedar chips was 300 kg / hr, which was 2190 kg / hr · m ² when converted to 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer.

Bamboo chips were pulverized using a preliminary pulverizer (two pulverizers connected in series). That is, first, a pulverized material production apparatus similar to Example 2 was assembled except that the screen was replaced. The cylindrical diameter of the screen was 300 mm for all, the opening diameter was 5 mm for the pulverizer (preliminary pulverizer) on the side close to the raw material inlet 14, and 1 mm for the other pulverizer. Operate impeller (rotation speed 2000 rpm), cyclone dust collector and gas suction machine, and under conditions of room temperature 28 ° C., 5 kg bamboo chip (length 50 mm, width 10 mm, thickness 5 mm, moisture content 12 wt. %) Was manually charged from the raw material inlet 14 and pulverized. As a result, a fine powder (water content 7 wt%) having a particle size of about 5 to 500 μm was obtained. When this operation was continued for 2 minutes and the raw material throughput per hour was calculated, the bamboo chip throughput was 150 kg / hr, which was converted to 547 kg / hr when converted to 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the crusher. hr · m ² .

In this example, pulverization was performed using two preliminary pulverizers (that is, three pulverizers connected in series). That is, first, a pulverized material production apparatus similar to that of Example 2 was assembled except that three pulverizers were connected in series and the screen was replaced. The cylindrical diameter of the screen was 300 mm, and the aperture diameter was 5 mm, 3 mm, and 1 mm in order from the side closer to the raw material inlet 14. Then, an impeller (rotational speed 2000 rpm), a cyclone dust collector and a gas suction device were operated, and under conditions of room temperature 26 ° C., 5 kg of cedar chips (length 30 mm, width 30 mm, thickness 5 mm square, Water content 28 wt%) was manually charged from the raw material inlet 14 and pulverized. As a result, a fine powder (water content 10 wt%) having a particle size of about 5 to 500 μm was obtained. The cedar chips used in this example were larger than Example 8 and had a very high water content. However, by connecting three pulverizers in series, a powder having a smaller particle diameter than that of Example 8 was obtained. It was. When this raw material throughput per hour was calculated by continuing this operation for 1 minute and 30 seconds, the throughput of cedar chips was 200 kg / hr, and when this was converted per 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer, It was 487 kg / hr · m ² .

In this example, plastic which was difficult to grind by the prior art, more specifically, 10 kg of polylactic acid (pellet shape) was grinded. The pulverization was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a screen having a diameter of 300 mm and an aperture diameter of 2 mm was used (impeller rotation speed 2000 rpm) except that the room temperature was 26 ° C. . As a result, the polylactic acid instantly became a fine powder having a particle size of about 100 to 500 μm without the occurrence of a melting phenomenon or the like due to impact, despite having a glass transition around 60 ° C. This operation was continued for 50 minutes to treat all 10 kg of polylactic acid. When the raw material throughput per hour was calculated, the polylactic acid throughput was 12 kg / hr, which was 88 kg / hr · m ² when converted to 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer.

In Example 11, only one pulverizer was used, but in this example, polylactic acid was pulverized using a preliminary pulverizer (two pulverizers connected in series). That is, except that the opening diameter of the screen in the pulverizer was 1 mm, the same pulverized product production apparatus as in Example 2 was used, and when 10 kg of polylactic acid was pulverized under the same conditions, a fine powder having a particle size of about 50 to 300 μm was obtained. I was able to get it instantly. This operation was continued for 1 hour and 15 minutes to treat all 10 kg of polylactic acid. When the raw material throughput per hour was calculated, the polylactic acid throughput was 8 kg / hr, which was 29 kg / hr · m ² when converted to 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer.

Using the same pulverized product production apparatus as in Example 1, 3 kg of a polypropylene long fiber bundle having a fiber diameter of about 0.1 mm was pulverized under the same conditions except that the room temperature was 15 ° C. As a result, short fibers having a fiber length of about 0.5 to 2 mm were instantaneously obtained in a cotton-like shape having a volume 5 times that at the time of charging without the fibers being entangled with the impeller. This operation was continued for 3 minutes and 40 seconds to treat all 3 kg of polypropylene long fiber bundles. When the raw material throughput per hour was calculated, the throughput of the polypropylene long fibers was 50 kg / hr, which was 364 kg / hr · m ² when converted to 1 m ² area inside the screen in the crusher. .

In this example, according to the prior art, elastomers belonging to the most difficult class of synthetic polymers were pulverized. Specifically, 10 kg of SIS type thermoplastic rubber (hydrogenated type, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., trade name Septon series) having a glass transition temperature in the vicinity of −50 ° C. was used as the elastomer. The pulverized product producing apparatus and pulverization conditions were the same as those in Example 13. As a result, a fine powder having a particle size of 100 to 300 μm was obtained almost simultaneously with the addition. This operation was continued for 6 minutes to treat all the 10 kg of thermoplastic rubber. When the raw material throughput per hour was calculated, the thermoplastic rubber throughput was 100 kg / hr, which was 730 kg / hr · m ² when converted to 1 m ² area inside the screen in the crusher. .

Under the same conditions as in Example 14 except that the room temperature is 27 ° C., about 100 g of SIS type thermoplastic rubber (cylindrical white porous elastic body having a diameter of 7 mm and a length of 40 mm) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd. is applied over 25 seconds. Crushed. As a result, an inhomogeneous granular state of 300 to 500 μm was obtained. When the raw material processing amount per hour was calculated, the processing amount of the thermoplastic rubber was 150 kg / hr, which was 1095 kg / hr · m ² when converted to 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the crusher. .

In this example, according to the prior art, gelatin, which is the most difficult to grind including synthetic polymers and natural polymers, was crushed. That is, a screen diameter of 300 mm, a screen opening diameter of 3 mm, an impeller rotational speed of 2000 r. p. m. When gelatin granules having a particle size of about 500 μm were charged from the raw material inlet 14 under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the temperature was 15 ° C., a fine powder having a particle size of about 50 to 300 μm was instantaneously obtained. This operation was continued for 55 seconds to treat 3 kg of gelatin. When the raw material throughput per hour was calculated, the gelatin throughput could be up to 200 kg / hr. Moreover, it was 1460 kg / hr · m ² when converted to 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer.

  First, the same pulverized product production apparatus as in Example 1 was assembled and operated under the same conditions except that the room temperature was 10 ° C. (screen diameter 300 mm, screen aperture diameter 8 mm, impeller rotation speed 2000 rpm). Next, after the tanned skin was cut into a size of about 1 cm square, it was grasped with both hands and introduced from the raw material input port 14, and instantly became a cotton-like substance of 5 to 6 times volume, and the collector 5 Discharged inside. The obtained cotton-like substance was an aggregate of fine fibers having a diameter of about 0.1 mm and a length of 2 mm or less. That is, the same phenomenon as the pulverization of the polypropylene fibers in Example 13 was also observed in the tanning of the tanned leather.

First, a screen diameter of 300 mm, a screen opening diameter of 5 mm, and an impeller rotational speed of 2800 r. p. m. The pulverized material production apparatus was assembled and operated under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the room temperature was 30 ° C. Next, 200 translucent polypropylene stationery binders (0.21 mm thick, A3 folded type, weight approximately 25.1 g) were prepared, and these were manually charged into a cylindrical shape and charged with raw materials. The powder was pulverized in order by sucking one by one close to the mouth. The time required for grinding was about 15 minutes. The obtained pulverized product was recovered by about 99% in a heterogeneous shape with a diameter of about 2 to 0.3 mm. The raw material throughput in this example was 20 kg / hr, which was 146 kg / hr · m ² when converted to 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer.

  From Examples 1 to 18 above, according to the present invention, substances such as ignitable substances, highly water-containing substances, thermoplastic resins, rubbers, and the like, which were difficult to be pulverized by the prior art, are also made into fine powders with extremely high production efficiency. It turns out that it was able to grind.

  Furthermore, in the following Examples 19 to 21, the influence of the screen hole shape on the particle size of the pulverized product and the raw material throughput is shown. Specifically, in all of Examples 1 to 18, the hole shape was all round, but in Examples 19 to 21, the case where the hole shape is a slit shape and a mortar shape is shown.

In all of Examples 19 to 21, pulverization was performed at a screen internal air volume of 47 M ³ / min in a pulverizer. The air flow measurement conditions were the same as in Examples 1 to 18, and the static pressure measured by this measurement was 220 mmAq (2.16 kPa). The same gas suction machine as in Examples 1 to 18 was used. The screen in the pulverizer was a cylindrical screen. Prepare the screen length (cylindrical height) at a constant value of 200 mm and diameter of 400 mm, and prepare four types of screens with round holes, right-angle slits, parallel slits and mortars, respectively, and replace them appropriately. Using. The screen thickness was 1 mm for round holes and 1.5 mm for the others. Round holes are holes with a diameter of 1 mm (opening diameter) opened by punching, and right-angle slits and parallel slits are 0.6 × 10 mm rectangular slits opened by laser (electron beam) processing. there were. A mortar-shaped hole is a circular hole opened by a laser (electron beam) processing method. The hole diameter is 0.6 mm on the inside of the screen, that is, on the impeller side, and 0.8 mm on the outside of the screen, that is, on the casing surface side. there were. The material of the screen was stainless steel. As the impeller, an impeller having a diameter of 380 mm was used so that the gap width with the inner wall of the screen was 10 mm. As in Examples 1 to 18, the impeller was a main plate with a structure shown in FIG. 27, without a side plate, a straight plate type, and a six-blade impeller. However, FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram and does not strictly show the structure of the impeller used in Examples 19-21. In this impeller, the diameter 2R was 380 mm, and the wing width (dimension in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the main plate at the tip of the wing) h was 160 mm. Moreover, the material of this impeller was carbon steel. Further, the casing inner diameter (inner diameter in the direction perpendicular to the impeller rotation direction) in the pulverizer was 280 mm at the minimum and 350 mm at the maximum. In addition, the particle diameter and particle size distribution of the pulverized product were measured using a trade name HORIBA LA-910 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.

First, the same pulverized material production apparatus as in Example 1 was assembled except for the pulverizer. The conditions of the screen, impeller and casing in the pulverizer used in this example are as described above. And in this pulverized product manufacturing apparatus, the case where the hole has a round shape (aperture ratio 23%) and the case where a screen which is a right-angled slit (aperture ratio 19%) is used. The processing amount of the pulverized product (raw material) and the particle size of the pulverized product were compared. The material to be ground is wood powder (particle size: about 500 to 1000 μm, water content: 30%), and the rotation speed of the impeller is 2800 r. p. m. Other conditions were the same as in Example 1. As a result, in the case of a round screen, the raw material throughput is 150 kg / hr (701 kg / hr · m ² per 1 m ^{2 of} screen area), and the pulverized product has a particle diameter of less than 150 μm per 1 kg of raw material (wood flour). As a result, 120 g was obtained, 680 g of 150 to 350 μm, and 200 g of more than 350 μm were obtained. That is, a fine powder could be obtained with good production efficiency. On the other hand, when a screen having a right-angle slit is used, the raw material throughput is 560 kg / hr (2617 kg / hr · m ² per 1 m ^{2 of} screen area), and the pulverized product per 1 kg of raw material (wood flour) As a result, 320 g having a particle diameter of less than 150 μm, 515 g having a particle diameter of 150 to 350 μm, and 165 g having a particle diameter exceeding 350 μm were obtained. That is, a finer powder was obtained with higher production efficiency than in the case of round holes. When the particle shapes were compared, in the case of round holes, all the particles were almost spherical, whereas in the case of the slit type, slightly longer fibrous particles were also observed.

The same amount of the same wood flour was pulverized under the same conditions as in Example 19 except that the screen having the parallel slit (opening ratio: 19%) was used. As a result, a raw material processing amount 700 kg / hr (screen area 1 m ² per 3271kg / hr · ^{m 2),} grind the raw material (wood powder) per 1 kg, those particles having a particle size of less than 350 .mu.m is 670 g, 350 .mu.m or more 330 g was obtained. Many of the particle shapes were fibrous. That is, the use of parallel slits is advantageous when the production efficiency of the pulverized product is extremely high and it is desired to obtain a pulverized product having a long and slender fibrous shape.

The same amount of the same wood flour was ground in the same manner as in Examples 19 and 20 except that the screen having the mortar-shaped pores (porosity 19%) was used. As a result, the raw material treatment amount was 250 kg / hr (1168 kg / hr · m ² per 1 m ^{2 of} screen area), which was a larger value than that in the case of round holes. Also, when observing the particle size distribution of the obtained powder, in the case of round holes, the obtained peak was only one centered around 300 μm, whereas in the mortar type, about 150 to 200 μm. A gentle peak was observed in the region. That is, when a mortar type hole was used, a finer powder was obtained as compared with a round type hole.

The same pulverized material production apparatus as in Examples 19 to 21 was assembled, and soybeans were pulverized under the same conditions. However, a screen having a right-angle slit of 0.6 mm × 10 mm (aperture ratio 19%) was used as the screen. When 30 kg of soybean was pulverized over 24 minutes, a powder having an average particle diameter (volume basis) of 34.8 μm was obtained. When the particle size distribution of the powder was measured, two peak peaks were observed, and the vertices were at 10 μm and 60 μm, respectively. Further, the number of particles having a particle diameter of 4 to 30 μm was 65%, and the number of particles having a particle diameter of 30 to 150 μm was 28%. The raw material throughput in this example was 76 kg / hr, which was 327 kg / hr · m ² when converted per 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer.

The structure of the pulverized product manufacturing apparatus is the same as that of Example 22 except that the structure shown in FIG. 1B is used and the screen is a screen having a right slit of 0.4 mm × 10 mm (aperture ratio 19%). Soybeans were ground under conditions. When 30 kg of soybean was pulverized over 45 minutes, a powder having an average particle size (volume basis) of 29 μm was obtained. When the particle size distribution of the powder was measured, the number of particles having a particle diameter of 2 to 30 μm was 70%, and the number of particles having a particle diameter of 30 to 100 μm was 26%. That is, finer particles were obtained by narrowing the slits of the screen and supplying the pulverized material that was not collected by the bag filter again to the inside of the pulverizer for pulverization. The raw material throughput in this example was 40 kg / hr, which was 187 kg / hr · m ² when converted per 1 m ² of the area inside the screen in the pulverizer.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a pulverized material production apparatus having high pulverized material production efficiency and pulverized material recovery efficiency.

  Since the apparatus of the present invention has less wear and the like as compared with conventional apparatuses using blades and hammers, the life of the apparatus can be kept long. As a result, the maintenance and management of the apparatus is simple and the maintenance cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the risk of heat generation and ignition of the device is extremely low, safety is high.

  Moreover, according to the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, various materials such as ignitable materials, highly water-containing materials, and soft materials that have been difficult to pulverize can be easily pulverized with high efficiency. For example, normal pulverization of leather, rubber, polymer, etc. is also possible, and these pulverized products can be obtained in a practical amount and quality. Furthermore, it is possible to economically pulverize substances ranging from organic substances to all inorganic substances such as proteins, wood, grains, bamboo, grass, seaweeds, biodegradable plastics, general-purpose plastics, and elastomers with high productivity. Therefore, it is possible to bring about new composite technologies and new composite materials in various fields utilizing the characteristics of these powders. Furthermore, the pulverized material of the present invention is manufactured using the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, so that it is low cost and high quality. For example, according to the present invention, micron-sized fine powder can be mass-produced at high quality and at low cost. For this reason, if this invention is utilized for the process which requires a grinding | pulverization or pelletization, it can contribute to labor saving etc. For example, for industrial products in all fields, the product performance can be improved by using the pulverized product of the present invention with improved quality instead of the conventional pulverized product.

  According to the present invention, for example, utilization of forest resources can be promoted, resulting in saving of petroleum resources. In particular, the ripple effect on powder molding technology in the fields of natural polymers, medical products, pharmaceuticals, and building materials that can make use of forest resources is enormous. Furthermore, not only the problems in processing and physical properties in a mixed system of solid and liquid are alleviated, but also the provision of new materials and new technical fields that are made up of new mixing technologies are opened up. For example, effective utilization of fine protein powders, new fully biodegradable composite materials with a wood content of 80 volume percent or more, new composites of polymer alloy structures composed of a mixture of powders, and polymer fine powders Expansion to new technologies in the coating and printing fields can be expected. Furthermore, the present invention can contribute to the reduction of environmental load in a wide range of fields as a means of environmental restoration such as recycling of waste.

Claims (35)

A device for producing pulverized products,
A pulverizer for pulverizing the raw material, means for supplying the raw material to the pulverizer, and means for recovering the pulverized product produced by the pulverizer,
A passage is formed from the inside of the pulverizer to the inside of the pulverized material collecting means, and gas can pass through the passage along with the pulverized material, and the passage has a gas inlet on the pulverizer side, And a pulverized product producing apparatus, wherein gas outlets are respectively formed on the pulverized product recovery means side,
The pulverizer has a function of generating wind force in the gas, and uses the wind force to pulverize the raw material by forcibly passing through the fine holes of the screen to produce a pulverized product, and A pulverized product manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that the pulverized product is supplied to the inside of the pulverized product recovery means using wind power. The pulverized material production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pulverized material recovery means includes means for collecting the pulverized material by centrifugal force separation, and means for filtering and collecting the pulverized material collected by the centrifugal separation means. . The range of claim 2, wherein the centrifugal separator is connected to a raw material inlet of the pulverizer, and a return passage is formed in which the pulverized material not collected by the filtration and collection unit is returned to the pulverizer again. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus as described. The pulverization according to claim 1, wherein the pulverized material recovery means includes means for storing the pulverized material supplied from the pulverizer and means for filtering and collecting the pulverized material stored in the pulverized material storage means. Product manufacturing equipment. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a blower connected to the gas inlet. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a heat exchanger connected to the gas inlet and capable of at least one of heating and cooling of the gas. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the raw material supply means includes a raw material storage means, and a raw material supply amount adjustment means connected to the raw material storage means and the pulverizer. The range according to claim 7, wherein the raw material supply means includes a plurality of the raw material storage means and the raw material supply amount adjustment means, and each raw material storage means is connected with one or more raw material supply amount adjustment means. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus as described. The said gas outlet in the said channel | path is connected to the said gas inlet, The circulation path which the gas which came out of the said gas outlet can enter into the said gas inlet again is formed. Crushed material manufacturing equipment. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for supplying an inert gas into the passage. The pulverizer includes a plurality of the raw material supply means, and each of the pulverizers is connected to one or more of the raw material supply means, and each of the pulverizers is connected to the pulverized material recovery means. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of preliminary pulverizers are connected between the raw material supply means and the pulverizer. 2. The pulverized product manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pulverizer includes an outer peripheral portion (casing), a screen having fine holes, and a rotary blade (impeller), and the screen and the rotary blade (impeller). The outer periphery is covered with the outer peripheral portion (casing), and the outer peripheral portion (casing) includes a raw material introduction port connected to the raw material supply means, and a pulverized material discharge port connected to the pulverized material recovery means. The raw material inlet and the pulverized material outlet in the outer peripheral part (casing) are separated by a partition formed by the screen, and the rotary blade (impeller) is the raw material inlet. Forcing the raw material to pass through the fine holes of the screen using wind force generated by rotation of the rotary blade (impeller). Ground to produce a ground product Ri, and a grinder for supplying the ground product within said pulverized material collecting means by utilizing the wind, crushed material producing device. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the screen in the pulverized material manufacturing apparatus has a cylindrical shape, and is arranged so that a cylinder surrounds the periphery of the rotary blade (impeller). The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the impeller is a turbo fan or a plate fan. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the shape of the micropores in the screen is at least one selected from the group consisting of a circle, a polygon, a slit, an ellipse, a mortar, and a semi-cone. . The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the shape of the fine holes in the screen is at least one selected from the group consisting of a slit shape, a mortar shape, and a semiconical shape. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the screen is a wedge wire screen. The said wedge wire screen is a pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of Claim 18 whose longitudinal direction of a wire rod is perpendicular | vertical to the rotation direction of the said impeller. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein a rotation axis of the impeller is disposed in parallel with a direction in which gravity acts. The pulverized product manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pulverizer has an auxiliary gas inlet formed at a location other than the raw material inlet. The pulverized product according to claim 13, wherein in the pulverizer, an auxiliary gas introduction port for introducing gas to the raw material introduction port side is formed at a location other than the raw material introduction port in the outer peripheral portion (casing). Manufacturing equipment. The pulverizer according to claim 13, wherein the pulverizer has an auxiliary gas introduction port for introducing gas to the pulverized product discharge port side formed at a location other than the raw material introduction port in the outer peripheral portion (casing). Product manufacturing equipment. 23. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 22, wherein a pressurized gas introduction unit is connected to an auxiliary gas introduction port that introduces gas to the raw material introduction port side. 24. The pulverized material production apparatus according to claim 23, wherein a pressurized gas introduction unit is connected to an auxiliary gas introduction port that introduces gas to the pulverized material discharge port side. The pulverized material production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a gas suction device, wherein the gas suction device is connected to a gas outlet port in the passage, and gas inside the pulverized material manufacturing device is supplied to the gas outlet port. An apparatus for producing pulverized material, which can be sucked from The pulverized material production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for adjusting a pressure inside the pulverized material production apparatus (apparatus internal pressure). 28. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 27, wherein the pressure adjusting means is connected to the gas inlet or the vicinity thereof. The pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pulverizer and the pulverized material recovery means are disposed adjacent to each other. The pulverized product production according to claim 1, further comprising means for adjusting at least one selected from the group consisting of an internal screen pressure of the pulverizer, an external screen pressure of the pulverizer, and a screen pressure loss of the pulverizer. apparatus. 31. The pulverized product according to claim 30, wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of the screen internal pressure of the pulverizer, the screen external pressure of the pulverizer, and the screen pressure loss of the pulverizer is adjusted by the raw material input amount. Manufacturing equipment. A pulverizer used in the pulverized material production apparatus according to claim 1. A pulverized product manufactured using the pulverized product manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1. The pulverized product according to claim 33, wherein the pulverized product is a powder having a particle size of 1000 µm or less, a particle having a particle size larger than 1000 µm, a fine powder having a particle size of 50 µm or less, a fibrous pulverized product, a liquid, or a paste-like pulverized product. The raw material is organic material, inorganic material, plant-derived material, animal-derived material, food, glass, stone, wood, plastic, biodegradable plastic, general-purpose plastic, thermoplastic rubber, elastomers, thermoplastic resin, bamboo, collagen , Gelatin, leather, rubber, polymer, charcoal, green bamboo, raw wood, beans, vegetables, fruit, boiled food, protein, wood, grain, bamboo, grass, seaweed, tea, coffee beans, dry matter, high moisture content, and ignitability The pulverized product according to claim 33, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of substances.

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