RU2726441C1 - Food shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food industry, in particular, to food raw materials grinding means. Grinder comprises grinding chamber with removable cover, in upper part of which feeder of processed food product is located, middle housing installed above feeder, at least one drive of grinding means installed in grinding chamber, feeder, cyclone installed at outlet of grinding chamber, heat generator, pressure branch pipe installed in upper part of said middle housing, heat generator connected by means of flexible branch pipe to said discharge nozzle, frame on which at least said middle housing and grinding chamber are arranged, rack installed between frame and feeder, blower fan, outlet of which is connected to grinding chamber, exhaust fan installed in upper part of said medium housing, additional fan installed on frame assembly and connected to grinding chamber, grinding chamber cover lifting system, means for prevention of carryover of powdered product from the processed food product feeder, lower part of the grinding chamber is made with possibility of drainage of detergent solution used during technical treatment of the chamber.EFFECT: invention simplifies the design with simultaneous improvement of the quality of the obtained product and reduction of power consumption.4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of the food industry, namely to the means of grinding food raw materials.

It is known (RU, patent 2313394, publ. 27.12.2007) a device for preparing feed and processing grain waste, including a housing, a rotor, a cylindrical sieve shell, in which the rotor is made in the form of an impeller having two blades on the inner surface of the sieve shell evenly along Throughout the height of the working chamber, rods are installed that have the shape of a regular prism, and the body, rotor, shell are combined into an upper module connected to the lower module, which is a body with a through hole in the shape of a truncated cone, inside which there are longitudinal grooves, cutters.

The known device is difficult to manufacture and operate and energy intensive, since it includes two electric motors. In addition, the known device does not provide effective crushing of strong materials.

Known (RU, patent 2304023, publ. 08/10/2007) a material grinder comprising a cylindrical body with an unloading window, covered by a deck with through holes, a vertical feed pipe connected to the body, a rotary working body equipped with radial blades, and bumpers placed on the inner cylindrical surface of the body. The shredder is equipped with a receiving hopper for the finished product.

The disadvantage of the known device is the insufficiently high efficiency of grinding, especially when processing difficult to grind materials, the possibility of clogging the holes of the deck with the crushed material when the particle size is close to the size of the holes of the deck, which makes it difficult to obtain a finished product of a uniform granulometric composition, as well as a high dust content of the workplace during operation and loss of crushed material.

It is known (RU, patent 2386480, publ.) A device for cascade grinding - a vortex mill containing a vortex grinding chamber with a profiled lateral surface, with a blind bottom and a diaphragm cover, a coaxial unwinding chamber located above the grinding chamber, limited from the bottom of the diaphragm chamber, a vortex cover an adjoining side surface with a product outlet pipe on the periphery and an upper cover, through which an inlet pipe, immersed in the grinding chamber with its lower end, and a device for swirling the carrier medium and initial acceleration of particles passes through the center with an abutment. To swirl the carrier medium and initially accelerate the particles, a hollow rotor of a centrifugal fan is used with a blind bottom disc, a diaphragmd upper disc and blades fixed between these discs, located coaxially inside the vortex grinding chamber, under the particle inlet pipe, so that the height of the lower cut of the inlet pipe relative to the lower the rotor disk is adjustable, and the outer diameter of the rotor is no more than 0.71 of the inner diameter of the vortex chamber.

The disadvantage of the device is the low content of the required fraction due to sticking of the lateral profiled surface due to the long stay of the under-ground material in the grinding chamber and heating of the profiled lateral surface of the grinding chamber.

It is known (RU, patent 2057588, publ.) A device - a cascade grinder containing a vortex grinding chamber with a profiled lateral surface, with a blind bottom and a diaphragm cover, a coaxial unwinding chamber located above the grinding chamber, bounded from below by a diaphragmized cover of the vortex chamber adjacent to it a lateral surface with a tangential product outlet and an upper cover, through which an inlet pipe passes in the center with an abutment, with its lower end immersed in the grinding chamber below the level of the hole in the diaphragm cover. For swirling the carrier medium and the initial acceleration of particles, a jet of expanding compressed gas is used, which is introduced through a tangential pipe in the side surface of the vortex chamber. The crushed material is introduced through the inlet pipe and, being involved in rotation, is drawn into the inlet stream, and the initial acceleration is obtained in it. This leads to increased wear of the area where the side surface of the chamber meets the inlet jet.

The disadvantage of the known devices for the implementation of cascade grinding is the high level of energy consumption, characteristic of all gas-dynamic grinders (jet mills), in which the ground material is accelerated only in the gas stream due to the lag of particles from the flow, as well as the need for preliminary grinding of material particles.

The closest analogue of the developed device can be recognized (RU, patent 2381657, publ. 20.02.2010) an installation for obtaining food powder from biological raw materials, containing a unit for preliminary preparation of biological raw materials, equipped with a mixer, a heat generator with an outlet, a drying chamber, which is made in the form a cylindrical body, in the lower part of which a grinder is installed, made in the form of an activator, and a cyclone for collecting food powder, equipped with inlet and outlet pipes, while the upper part of the drying chamber is connected to the inlet pipe of the said cyclone. The outlet of the heat generator is located along the axis of the drying chamber, with its nozzle facing the activator, and the installation contains a moisture separator connected to the outlet of the cyclone for collecting food powder and equipped with a condensing unit with a container for collecting condensate, the outlet of which is equipped with a condensate spraying unit located in the outlet of the said cyclone.

The disadvantages of the known technical solution can be recognized as a rather narrow field of application (mainly grinding herbs), the complexity of the design, as well as the low quality of the resulting product due to prolonged processing at a sufficiently high temperature.

The technical problem solved by the developed device is to simplify while reducing energy costs.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the developed device consists in simplifying the design while improving the quality of the resulting product and reducing energy costs.

To achieve the specified technical result, it is proposed to use a food product grinder of the developed design. The grinder contains a grinding chamber with a removable lid, in the upper part of which there is a feeder for the processed food product, a middle housing installed above the feeder, at least one drive for a grinding device installed in the grinding chamber, a feeder, a cyclone installed at the outlet of the grinding chamber, a heat generator , a delivery pipe installed in the upper part of the said middle body, a heat generator connected by a flexible pipe to the specified delivery pipe, a frame on which at least the middle body and a grinding chamber are located, a stand installed between the frame and the feeder, a blower fan, the outlet of which is connected to the grinding chamber, an exhaust fan installed in the upper part of the specified middle housing, an additional fan installed on the frame assembly and connected to the grinding chamber, a system for lifting the grinding chamber cover, a means for preventing the removal of a powdery product from the feeder of processed food product, the lower part of the grinding chamber is made with the possibility of draining the washing solution used in the process of technical processing of the chamber.

In some embodiments of the developed grinder, the grinding chamber drive is installed under the grinding chamber, and the feeder and heat generator are installed near the lower part of the middle housing.

The design of the device is shown in Fig. 1 to FIG. 3, with the following designations used: grinding chamber 1, feeder spacer 2, housing 3 middle, drive 4 of grinding chamber 1, feeder 5, cyclone 6, delivery pipe 7, heat generator 8, frame 9, casing 10, connection 11, elements 12 electrical equipment, a rack 13, which serves as a support for the feeder 5 on the frame 9, a supply fan 14, an exhaust fan 15, an additional fan 16, flexible pipes 17 connecting the middle case 3 and the heat generator 8, and 18 connecting the outlet of the additional fan 16 and the chamber through the nozzle 11 grind 1.

The shredder works as follows. The work is based on the principle of the "windmill". The original food product enters the grinding chamber from the feeder through the feeder spacer. In the grinding chamber, the preliminary grinding of the product occurs due to the rotation of the knives (not shown). The rotation of the knives occurs due to the rotation of the drive rotor, from which, by means of a belt drive, the rotation is transmitted to the shaft of the working body with knives (beaters) - a grinder. A casing is used to protect the specified belt drive. The rotation speed of the knives (beaters) can be adjusted depending on the required dispersion of the product. To prevent the sticking of particles at the bottom of the grinding chamber, an additional air flow is tangentially fed to the bottom by means of an additional fan. Further crushing of the product occurs due to the collisions of the product particles when it is moved to the cyclone zone. The lifting force depends on the angle of the knife sharpening and the difference between the amount of air supplied and the amount of suctioned air. The supplied air is blown in by the fan 14. The amount of the supplied air is set by the rotational speed of the fan impeller - blower. In this case, the air passes through the heat generator 8, in which the required temperature is maintained. Electrothermal generators are mainly used. The crushed product is precipitated in a cyclone, and the rate of precipitation is controlled by injection and exhaust fans. The pressure or vacuum in the grinding chamber is set by the amount of air supplied and evacuated. By changing the frequency of rotation of the knives, the amount of supplied and evacuated air, it is possible to regulate the dispersion and moisture content of the finished product. From the grinding chamber, dried and crushed product particles enter a cyclone, in which the finished product is separated from air due to different mass and particle hovering speed.

When using the developed device, it is possible to obtain grinding with finer monodisperse particles. Due to the obvious simplification of the design, a significant (up to 10%) reduction in electricity consumption occurs.

Claims (4)

1. A food product grinder, characterized in that it contains a grinding chamber with a removable lid, in the upper part of which there is a feeder for the processed food product, a middle body installed above the feeder, at least one drive of the grinder, which is used as knives, installed in the grinding chamber, a feeder, a cyclone installed at the outlet of the grinding chamber, a heat generator, an injection pipe installed in the upper part of the specified middle housing, a heat generator connected by a flexible pipe to the specified delivery pipe, a frame on which at least the specified middle a housing and a grinding chamber, a stand installed between the frame and the feeder, a blowing fan, the outlet of which is connected to the grinding chamber, an exhaust fan mounted in the upper part of the specified middle casing, an additional fan mounted on the frame as an assembly and connected to the grinding chamber, a lifting system grinding chamber lids, To prevent the removal of the powdery product from the feeder of the processed food product, the lower part of the grinding chamber is made with the possibility of draining the washing solution used in the process of technical processing of the chamber. 2. Grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding chamber drive is installed under the grinding chamber. 3. Grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeder is installed near the bottom of the middle housing 4. Grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat generator is installed near the lower part of the middle housing.

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