JPWO2003016643A1

JPWO2003016643A1 - Toilet bowl and its manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: JPWO2003016643A1
Application number: JP2002522486A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 小杉　建博; 建博小杉; 泰司杉田; 小川　孝一; 孝一小川; 徳永　博之; 博之徳永; 大谷　孝幸; 孝幸大谷
Original assignee: 東陶機器株式会社
Priority date: 2001-08-13
Filing date: 2001-12-20
Publication date: 2004-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2021-12-20
Also published as: CN1454276A; US20030115664A1; JP3760916B2; TW508398B; WO2003016643A1; CN1246546C; KR20040015668A; AU1951002A; AU2001298055A1

Abstract

大便器のローシルエット化の推進や、大便器の設置の汎用性を高める。第１主流Ｓ１は、便器後方側の基部第１吐水孔４１と基部第２吐水孔４２から吐出された洗浄水の合流で形成される。第１主流Ｓ１は、合流により正確な方向性と強い水勢を持った流れとなり、溜水ＲＳに対して、平面視で、便器左奥から斜め右前方に向けて合流する。左方中央部吐水孔４３から吐出された洗浄水は、リム下端の上縁周壁に沿って周回するものの、その間に合流するリムからの吐出洗浄水により、吐出軌跡が矯正され、合流により正確な方向性と強い水勢を持った流れの第２主流Ｓ２とされる。第２主流Ｓ２は、溜水ＲＳに対して、平面視で、便器右前方から斜め左後方に向けて合流する。この第１主流Ｓ１と第２主流Ｓ２は、溜水ＲＳに対して長辺に沿って略平行かつ同一回転方向に合流を起こす。これにより、溜水ＲＳには旋回流を確実に誘起でき、その旋回を促進し合う。Promote low-profile toilets and increase the versatility of toilet installation. The first main stream S1 is formed by merging of the wash water discharged from the base first water discharge hole 41 and the base second water discharge hole 42 on the rear side of the toilet. The first main flow S1 becomes a flow having an accurate direction and a strong water force due to the merging, and merges with the pool water RS from the back left side of the toilet toward the diagonally right front in plan view. Although the cleaning water discharged from the left center water discharge hole 43 circulates along the upper peripheral wall of the lower end of the rim, the discharge trajectory is corrected by the cleaning water discharged from the rim that merges therebetween, and the merging is more accurate. The second main flow S2 is a flow having a direction and a strong water force. The second main stream S2 merges with the reservoir RS from the right front of the toilet to the diagonally left rear in plan view. The first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 merge substantially parallel to the reservoir water RS along the long side in the same rotational direction. Thereby, the swirling flow can be reliably induced in the reservoir water RS, and the swirling is promoted.

Description

技術分野
本発明は、給水された洗浄水を便器ボール部に吐出して便器洗浄を図る大便器と、こうした大便器であってサイホントラップ管路を有する大便器の製造方法に関する。
背景技術
この種の大便器にあっては、汚物を便器ボール部の溜水並びに給水洗浄水と共に効率よく排出する性能と、給水洗浄水総量の少量化が求められている。こうした要求に対応するために、種々の手法が提案されており、次の手法に大別される。第１の手法は、溜水に給水洗浄水を合流させて旋回を起こし、その旋回流の流れで汚物をトラップに押し込む手法である。第２の手法は、サイホン作用により汚物を溜水・洗浄水と共に吸引する手法である。
こうした手法を採るに当たっては、便器ボール部の上縁周りにリム通水路を設け、この通水路に設けた吐出孔から溜水に向けて給水洗浄水を吐出することで、溜水に旋回流を起こすことが一般的である。また、サイホン作用の発生には、このような旋回流による溜水のトラップへの押し込みや、リム通水路に設けた複数の吐出孔からの単純な洗浄水落とし込みによる溜水の押し込みが利用されている。
しかしながら、従来の大便器で採られていた手法であっても、十分とはいえず、以下に説明するような問題点が指摘されるに到った。
近年では、汚物洗浄に用いる洗浄水総量（給水洗浄水総量）の少量化の要請がより高まり、この洗浄水総量を約６リットル程度といった少量とすることが一般的となりつつある。こうした少量の総流量で上記した旋回流の生成・サイホン作用の発生を起こすために、高い水勢で、即ち大流量で洗浄水を給水することが着目されており、約１００〜１５０リットル／ｍｉｎ程度の流量で洗浄水を便器ボール部に流し込むようにすることが多用されている。
このように高い水勢が必要とされることから、給水洗浄水を洗浄水タンクから排出する大便器にあっては、高水勢確保のためにタンク内の貯留洗浄水の水面を高くして水頭圧を確保する必要があった。このため、洗浄水タンクを高くせざるを得ないので、タンク・便器の一体型のものでは、デザイン上の制約を受け、大便器のローシルエット化が損なわれていた。
また、水道管等の一次側配管の洗浄水を直接便器に給水する形式の便器では、溜水に合流する洗浄水の水勢を高める都合上、高い一次側給水圧での給水を要する。その一方、高い水勢で洗浄水を溜水に合流させて旋回流を生成する場合、高水勢は旋回流の生成には都合が良いものの、高水勢のまま洗浄水合流が続くので、旋回流に無用な旋回の乱れを起こしてしまうこともあった。こうなると、洗浄水のエネルギ（水勢）が旋回流の継続生成には無駄となることもあり、旋回流に基づくトラップへの洗浄水押し込み効率の低下を招く虞もあった。しかも、一次側給水圧が低い地域では、給水による洗浄水水勢も低くなって旋回流による押し込み効率も低くなる。よって、旋回流方式の大便器の低給水地域や国への普及が進まないでいた。
ところで、サイホン作用を利用した大便器では、サイホン作用の発生とその継続が不可欠である。よって、溜水への給水洗浄水の流し込みに当たり、流し込み当初において、サイホントラップの管路内のエアを総てトラップ外部に排出させて管路内の満水化を図ることが重要視されていた。このため、便器ボール部への洗浄水吐出が既述した旋回流方式或いは落とし込み方式のいずれであっても、溜水への洗浄水の流し込みを高水勢で行えば、管路内エアの外部排出と満水化を短期間に少ない洗浄水量で達成でき、好都合である。その反面、洗浄水の流し込みが低水勢となるとエア排出並びに管路満水には長期間の洗浄水供給が必要であり多量の洗浄水を使用する必要があるとされ、低水勢での洗浄水流し込みについてはその採用すら検討されていないのが現状であった。こうした背景から、サイホントラップを用いた大便器にあっても、水頭圧確保のための洗浄水タンクの高さ増大によるデザイン上の制約や、一次側給水圧制限（高給水圧）を受けていた。
その一方、既存のサイホントラップ式の大便器では、サイホン作用の早期発生を図るため、種々の工夫がなされており、サイホントラップ管路を早期のうちに満水化する手法が多用されている。つまり、便器ボール部へは、高い水勢で、即ち約９０〜１００リットル／ｍｉｎ程度、場合によっては約１５０リットル／ｍｉｎといった大流量で洗浄水を便器ボール部に流し込んで、この水の勢いでサイホントラップ管路内の空気を管路外に押しだし、管路の総てを洗浄水で早期のうちに満たすのである。
このような既存のサイホントラップ式の大便器では、大流量での洗浄水給水による管路満水化を前提としているので、大流量での洗浄水の流入・通過に対処すべく、上昇管路から湾曲管路を経て下降管路に到るまでのサイホントラップ管路軌跡については種々の技術が提案されていた。これら技術では、製造時のサイホントラップ管路の成形精度の向上や個々の部分の管路形状については、特段の配慮がなされないでいた。しかしながら、近年では、汚物洗浄に用いる洗浄水総量（給水洗浄水総量）の少量化の要請がより高まりつつあるので、サイホントラップ管路個々の形状や精度向上についての工夫も必要となるものの、その対処が十分とはいえないのが現状である。
具体的に説明すると以下の通りである。
既述したように、大流量で洗浄水を便器ボール部に流し込むので、上昇管路部、溜水水位を規定する頂上堰を有する湾曲頂上部、下降管路部が連続してサイホントラップ管路が形成されていれば、サイホン発生に不都合はなかった。このため、便器製造に当たっては、便器ボール部の内周壁形状に適合した凸部形状を有する型に泥漿を堆積させ、こうしてできた素地の型密着側を便器ボール部の内壁とし、素地の反対側を上昇管路部の内壁としていた。この素地の反対側は、型の型面に触れないで形成されたものであるので、凹凸ができたりすることがあった。湾曲頂上部についても同様である。特に、この湾曲頂上部では、頂上堰が管路内側に有るため、頂上部は、管路の折り返しにより管路内で凸となった形状とするしかなく、その形状についての工夫はできないでいた。つまり、管路内壁に凹凸ができたとしても、既存の大便器では、大流量での洗浄水給水を前提とするので、この凹凸が洗浄水の管路通水に支障を来す虞はなく、問題視されることはなかった。また、既存便器では、大流量での洗浄水により管路内エアを一気に追い出すので、頂上堰は管路の折り返しによる凸形状であれば良く、その形状が問題視されることもなかった。これらの点から、成形精度向上や管路の個々の形状等についての配慮に欠けていたのである。
ところで、こうしたサイホントラップ式の大便器を設置するに際しては、便器外部の排水口とサイホントラップ管路とを接続する必要がある。この排水口の仕様は、一律ではなく、自治体や政府或いは団体等の規制を受けていることから、便器外部の排水口とサイホントラップ管路との接続には、陶器製便器とは別材料のいわゆるソケットと称される別部品が用いられている。
例えば、便器壁から排水口センターまでの距離を意味するラフィンは、国ごとに或いは地域ごとに種々定められている。ラフィンが異なると、便器後端と排水口との間の距離が異なることになる。これに対して、便器におけるサイホントラップ経路はほぼ同じであるので、便器設置に際しては、ラフィンの相違に応じて屈曲等した上記のソケットを選択して用いる必要があり、施工時にあっては煩雑であった。こうした煩雑さを解消するには陶器製便器におけるサイホントラップ管路の末端位置をラフィンに応じて変えればよいが、その分だけ、便器本体製造のための型（本体用型）の種類が増えてその準備や型選択が必要となり、型製造コスト増や、型管理コスト増を招く。このため、上記のソケットの選択で対処せざるを得ないのが実状である。
本発明は、上記問題点を解決するためになされ、大便器のローシルエット化の推進や、大便器の設置の汎用性を高めることを目的とする。
また、サイホントラップ式の大便器にあっては、サイホントラップ管路の形状の多様性を図ることや、排水口仕様への適合性を陶器製便器自体で高めることを目的とする。
発明の開示
かかる課題の少なくとも一部を解決するため、本発明の第１の大便器は、
給水された洗浄水を便器ボール部の上部から吐出し、便器ボール部が貯め置く溜水に旋回流を起こして便器洗浄を図る大便器であって、
前記給水洗浄水を、前記便器ボール部の上部周りに導く導水路を備え、
該導水路は、給水洗浄水を二つの主流を含む流れとして前記溜水に合流するよう吐出する吐出部を有し、
該吐出部は、前記二つの洗浄水主流が、便器水平面視において前記溜水を挟んで略平行に前記溜水に合流しつつ、前記溜水に同一回転方向の旋回流を起こすように前記溜水に合流する溜水合流関係を採って給水洗浄水を吐出する、
ことを特徴とする。
上記構成を有する本発明の第１の大便器では、二つの洗浄水主流を溜水に合流させるに当たり、これら主流の合流が便器水平面視において溜水を挟んで略平行に起き、溜水に同一回転方向の旋回流が起きるようにする。このような溜水合流関係を持って各主流が溜水に合流するので、お互いの主流が旋回流生成の乱れを及ぼし合うことがない。このため、溜水には旋回流を確実に誘起できる。そして、互いの主流で起きた旋回流は、合流が略平行かつ同一回転方向であるという関係であることから、旋回流の旋回方向を乱すことなくその旋回を促進し合うので、吐出洗浄水のエネルギ（水勢）を旋回流生成に無駄なく用いることができ、これを通して、旋回流による溜水の押し込み効率を高めることができる。しかも、こうした状況は、二つの洗浄水主流の流量が少ない場合であっても起きるので、二つの洗浄水主流の生成のための洗浄水が少なくても、旋回による押し込み性能を維持できる。この結果、少流量での洗浄水吐出を図ることができ、洗浄水総量の少量化をもたらすことができる。
そして、このように少流量での洗浄水吐出と洗浄水総量の少量化を両立できることから、主流生成のために給水する洗浄水を洗浄水タンクからのものとした場合には、水頭圧を小さくできるので、その分だけ、洗浄水タンクを低くできる。よって、洗浄水タンクを含めた大便器全体のデザイン性の向上と、大便器のローシルエット化を図ることができる。
また、主流生成のために給水する洗浄水に一次側配管からの洗浄水給水を利用するものとした場合には、少流量での洗浄水吐出により洗浄に必要な旋回流を生成できるので、低給水圧の一次側配管の地域でも対応できる。よって、水道施設状況等により一次側給水圧が低い地域であっても、本発明の大便器を設置できることになる。このため、設置場所に対する汎用性が高まるので、本発明のように旋回流方式を採る大便器の低給水地域や国への普及を促進することができる。なお、法規制等で高給水圧が要求されている国や地域であっても、減圧弁等を設置することで、本発明の大便器を容易に適用設置できる。
しかも、大流量に基づく高い水勢での洗浄水吐出を起こす必要がないので、洗浄水吐出や溜水への洗浄水合流に伴う音の発生を抑制でき、便器洗浄時の静寂性を高めることができる。また、高い水勢での洗浄水吐出による不用意な水跳ねをも抑制できる。
上記した溜水を挟んだ二つの洗浄水主流の溜水合流は、溜水の溜水面輪郭の長辺の側でそれぞれ起きることようにすることができる。こうすれば、各主流の溜水合流の際の流れ方向にねらいが付けやすく、好ましい。
上記の構成を有する本発明の第１の大便器は、以下の種々の態様を採ることもできる。
即ち、前記導水路の吐出部は、
前記導水路に導かれた洗浄水を、便器前方側に向けて前記溜水に対して斜め上方から吐出して、前記二つの洗浄水主流の一方である第１の洗浄水主流を引き起こす第１吐出部と、
前記導水路に導かれた洗浄水を、前記第１吐出部と便器を左右に二分する中心軸に対して同じ側から吐出し、前記溜水水面より上部の前記便器ボール面において該ボール面に沿って周回するような洗浄水の流れを生成する第２吐出部と、
該第２吐出部の洗浄水の流れに合流して前記第２吐出部の洗浄水の流れを矯正し、該矯正した第２吐出部の洗浄水の流れを、前記二つの洗浄水主流の他方である第２の洗浄水主流とする第３吐出部とを有する。
こうすれば、第２の洗浄水主流を、洗浄水の流れ（水流）の合流を経たものとできるので、水流合流により正確な方向性と強い水勢を持たせることができる。よって、第２の洗浄水主流をその流れの軌跡が安定したものとできるので、主流の流れを確実に略平行かつ同一回転方向に導くことができる。このため、第１、第２の洗浄水主流生成のための洗浄水吐出に際して、少流量での洗浄水吐出を通した洗浄水総量の少量化の信頼性を高めることができる。
また、前記第１吐出部は、
前記導水路に導かれた洗浄水を前記導水路に形成した複数の吐出孔からそれぞれ吐出し、各吐出孔からの洗浄水水流を合流させて前記第１の洗浄水主流を引き起こす。
こうすれば、第１の洗浄水主流にあってもその流れの軌跡が安定したものとでき、しかも合流部分に強い流れが生じるので、第２の洗浄水主流の軌跡安定化と相まって、少流量での洗浄水吐出並びに洗浄水総量の少量化の信頼性をより高めることができる。
また、前記第３吐出部は、
前記導水路に導かれた洗浄水を、前記便器ボール部の前方側において前記溜水に向けて吐出して前記第２吐出部の洗浄水の流れに合流させ、前記第２吐出部の洗浄水の流れ向きを前記溜水水面側に矯正する第４吐出部と、
前記導水路に導かれた洗浄水を、便器を左右に二分する中心軸に対して前記第１吐出部と反対側から吐出して前記第４吐出部からの洗浄水で矯正された前記第２吐出部の洗浄水の流れに合流させ、その流れ向きを前記溜水水面側に更に矯正すると共に、矯正後の前記第２吐出部の洗浄水の流れを前記第２の洗浄水主流として、前記第１の洗浄水主流に対する前記溜水合流関係を持って前記溜水に合流させる第５吐出部とを有する。
この場合、第５吐出部は、第２吐出部からの洗浄水の流れに向かい合うように洗浄水を吐出して、当該吐出洗浄水を第２吐出部の洗浄水の流れに合流させ、この第２吐出部の洗浄水の流れを第１の洗浄水主流と略平行かつ同一回転方向に溜水に合流させるようにすることもできる。
このようによれば、第２の洗浄水主流の矯正を、便器前方側からと第１の洗浄水主流の対角側とから行うので、矯正後の第２の洗浄水主流の軌跡をより安定化させ、互いの主流の略平行かつ同一回転方向への合流の確実性の向上を図り、洗浄水総量の少量化の信頼性をより高めることができる。
また、前記導水路は、
前記導水路に導かれた洗浄水を前記便器ボール部表面に沿うよう吐出する副吐出部を、前記第１〜第５吐出部とは別に備え、前記副吐出部からの洗浄水吐出を含めて、前記便器ボール部表面のほぼ全域に亘って洗浄水を流す。
こうすれば、便器ボール部の表面のほぼ全域に洗浄水を行き渡らせることができる。よって、ボール部表面に付着したペーパーや汚物を溜水に確実に流し込むことができ、ボール部表面の清浄性を高めることができる。
また、前記便器ボール部は、
前記第１の洗浄水主流を受け止めて旋回の案内をすると共に、前記第１の洗浄水主流が前記溜水に合流した後の洗浄水の旋回状況を規定する第１ボール周壁部と、
前記第２の洗浄水主流を受け止めて旋回の案内をすると共に、前記第２の洗浄水主流が前記溜水に合流した後の洗浄水の旋回状況を規定する第２ボール周壁部とを備える。
こうすれば、第１、第２の洗浄水主流をその流れの軌跡がより安定した流れとできるので、互いの主流が既述したように略平行かつ同一回転方向であるという溜水合流関係をより確実に維持できると共に、洗浄水総量の少量化の信頼性の更なる向上を図ることができる。
また、前記第１、第２ボール周壁部は、溜水合流後の洗浄水旋回状況に差を持たせ、一方のボール周壁部は溜水の深さ方向の旋回のリードを大きくし、他方のボール周壁部は前記旋回のリードを小さくする。この場合、第２ボール周壁部は、前記第２の洗浄水主流の前記旋回のリードを大きくし、前記第１ボール周壁部は、前記第１の洗浄水主流の前記旋回のリードを小さくすることもできる。
こうすれば、リードの大きい旋回流で旋回に基づく溜水の押し込み性能をより高めることができると共に、リードの小さい旋回流で汚物をとりまとめてリードの大きい旋回流に送り汚物の排出を行うことができる。よって、少流量での洗浄水主流生成であっても、押し込み性能を維持できる。換言すれば、少流量での洗浄水吐出としつつ洗浄水総量の少量化を図っても、旋回による押し込み性能を維持でき、この押し込みにより汚物を排出する能力（便器洗浄能力）を確実に発揮できる。
加えて、便器ボール部は、その底部をすり鉢状にしていることから、ボール部底部のトラップ開口へと向かう旋回流の旋回半径は徐々に小さくなり、旋回流の勢いは増大していく。このため上記した旋回流による押し込みの性能はさらに向上することになる。
上記したようなリードに差を持たせるボール周壁部とするに当たり、
前記第１ボール周壁部を、
前記便器ボール部の底部に開口したトラップと対向する側で前記溜水を取り囲むように形成され、前記第１の洗浄水主流を受け止める案内棚部であって、前記溜水の溜水面と略一致した高さ位置で、前記旋回リードの小さい旋回状況を前記第１の洗浄水主流に起こす前記案内棚部を有する者とできる。
また、前記第２ボール周壁部を、
前記第２の洗浄水主流を受け止めてこれを前記溜水に合流させる箇所において、前記旋回リードの大きい旋回状況を前記第２の洗浄水主流に起こすことができるよう、前記溜水の上下方向にわたる傾斜が前記案内棚部より大きくされた周壁面部を有するものとできる。
こうすれば、第１の洗浄水主流は、案内棚部に受け止められて溜水面付近においてほぼ横方向の旋回へと案内され、旋回リードの小さな旋回流をより確実に起こすことができる。第２の洗浄水主流は、傾斜の大きな周壁面部に受け止められ、その傾斜により大きな旋回リードの旋回流を確実に起こすことができる。この結果、上記した旋回流による押し込み性能をより確実に高めることができると共に、リードの小さい旋回流での汚物とりまとめ等を確実に起こすことができる。
この場合、前記第２ボール周壁部の前記周壁面部を、前記溜水への洗浄水流入によって起きる溜水水位上昇における溜水面広さの拡張の割合が元の広さに対して約４０％以内とすることができる。
こうすれば、第２ボール周壁部の周壁面部で案内された第２の洗浄水主流は、より確実に大きなリードの旋回流を溜水に起こすので、上記した旋回流による押し込み性能をより一層確実に高めることができる。
なお、この第２ボール周壁部の周壁面部をその鉛直方向の断面形状において、溜水水面と周壁面部の断面周壁面とがなす角度を、約５〜２５°とするような急傾斜にすれば、周壁面部の周壁面で案内した第２の洗浄水主流を、大きなリードの旋回流とする上で好ましい。
また、上記した課題の少なくとも一部を解決するため、本発明の第２の大便器は、
給水された洗浄水を便器ボール部の上部から吐出し、便器ボール部が貯め置く溜水に旋回流を起こして便器洗浄を図る大便器であって、
前記給水洗浄水を、前記便器ボール部の上部周りに導く導水路を備え、
該導水路は、便器水平面視において前記溜水の中央を中心に対角の位置に給水洗浄水を吐出する二つの吐出部を有し、それぞれの該吐出部は、前記溜水に同一方向の旋回が起きるように、前記給水洗浄水を前記溜水に合流させる、
ことを特徴とする。
こうしてもそれぞれの吐出部から吐出された洗浄水の流れの溜水への合流は、便器水平面視において溜水を挟んで略平行に起き、溜水には同一回転方向の旋回流を起こす。よって、この大便器にあっても、既述した第１の大便器と同様に溜水に旋回流を確実に誘起できることから、第１の大便器と同様の利点がある。
なお、この第２の大便器であっても、第１の大便器と同様の種々なる態様を採ることができる。
また、上記した課題の少なくとも一部を解決するため、本発明の第３の大便器は、
給水された洗浄水を、便器ボール部が貯め置く溜水に流し込み、前記溜水と共にサイホントラップから排出する大便器であって、
前記サイホントラップは、
前記便器ボール部側面に開口したトラップ開口を有し、該トラップ開口から斜め上方に向けた管路を形成する上昇管路部と、
該上昇管路部の上端に連結して湾曲し、前記溜水水位を規定する頂上堰を有する頂上管路部と、
該頂上管路部に連結して下降した下降管路部であって、前記溜水への前記給水洗浄水の流し込みにより前記上昇管路部と前記頂上管路部の前記頂上堰を越えて前記下降管路部に流れ落ちた洗浄水を受け止めて洗浄水の跳ね返りを起こす管路棚部と、該管路棚部で跳ね返った洗浄水を下流側に導く下流側管路部と、該下流側管路部の末端において管路面積を狭小させ洗浄水を便器外部の排水口に導く絞り部とを有する前記下降管路部とを備え、
前記下降管路部は、
前記上昇管路部から運ばれる洗浄水を前記排水口に排出するに当たり、前記頂上堰を越えて流れ落ちる洗浄水の前記管路棚部での受け止めと、前記流れ落ちる洗浄水の流れの向きを前記絞り部の側に転換する流れ向き変更と、前記流れ落ちる洗浄水の前記絞り部での貯め置きとを起こして、前記絞り部において上流側管路の洗浄水によるシールを起こすと共に、前記頂上管路部から前記管路棚部に到るまでの管路部分にエアを残存させたままであっても、前記絞り部に貯め置かれた洗浄水が前記頂上堰まで達する水柱を形成可能とし、前記水柱形成後にあっては前記残存エアを前記頂上管路部に封止状態として、前記便器ボール部の洗浄水を吸引するサイホン作用を発生させて該サイホン作用を継続可能な下降管路形状を有する、
ことを特徴とする。
上記構成を有する本発明の第３の大便器では、溜水への給水洗浄水の流し込みが起き便器洗浄が開始されると、上昇管路部から頂上管路部の頂上堰を越えて下降管路部に流れ落ちた洗浄水は、下降管路部の管路棚部に受け止められて跳ね返る。こうして跳ね返った洗浄水は、洗浄水の流れの向きを絞り部の側に転換して更に下流側に流れ落ち、その際に、下降管路部内のエアの巻き込みを伴う管路流下と、流れ方向の転換に伴う洗浄水の流下速度の低下を来して、下流側管路部末端の絞り部に達する。絞り部に達した洗浄水は、エアの巻き込みを起こしたまま絞り部を通って排水口から流れ出るものの、この絞り部で、管路面積狭小に基づき貯め置かれる。こうして貯め置かれた洗浄水は、その一部が絞り部を通って排水口から流れ出る。この場合、洗浄水貯め置きに際して上記した流下速度の低下を起こしていることから、頂上堰を越えて下降管路部に流れ落ちる洗浄水の流量は、絞り部を経て排出口に流れ出る洗浄水流量より勝ることになるので、洗浄開始当初において、絞り部での洗浄水の貯め置きと排水口への排出を並行して起こすことができる。そして、絞り部での洗浄水の貯め置き水量は、下降管路部への洗浄水の流れ落ちが継続されるに連れて増加するので、下流管路部では、絞り部においてその上流側管路が貯め置き洗浄水でシールされる。こうしてシールを起こした後は、その後の洗浄水の流れ落ちの継続により、絞り部から頂上堰までに達する水柱が形成されると共に、この洗浄水水柱により排出口外部からのエアの進入が防止される。
上記のように洗浄水によるシールと水柱の形成がなされた後の洗浄段階では、下流管路部における上記形成済みの水柱が排出口へ落下する際の水頭により洗浄水通水が起きるので、トラップ内では減圧現象が起きる。しかも、上昇管路部を通過して頂上堰を乗り越え下降管路部に流れ込もうとする洗浄水の流れ込みは、この減圧現象の間も継続されることから、上昇管路部の側からのエアの吸込も起こさない。よって、便器ボール部の溜水水面と絞り部の高さの相違によって、便器ボール部の洗浄水を吸引するいわゆるサイホン作用が発生し、エア吸込によるサイホン消滅が起きるまで、このサイホン作用は継続される。このため、便器ボール部の汚物は溜水並びに給水洗浄水と共に強制的にサイホントラップに吸引されて排出される。
上記した洗浄水の水柱形成を起こす洗浄開始当初の状況では、既述したように、下降管路部の管路棚部での洗浄水の跳ね返り、この跳ね返った洗浄水によるエアの巻き込みと管路流下を起こし、管路棚部以降のエア排出を起こす。この場合、管路棚部以降で排出されなかったエアは、既にシール済みの水柱形成後であることから、この水柱を上昇して頂上管路部から前記管路棚部に到るまでの管路部分に貯まる。或いは、この上昇エアは、頂上堰が突出させて有する案内片部で貯め置かれる。
このようなエアの残存は、少ない洗浄水で便器洗浄がなされた場合に顕著に起き、多量の洗浄水で便器洗浄を行ってトラップ管路内のエアを総て排出させる既存の便器では起きないようにされていた。しかしながら、本発明では、上記のように頂上管路部から管路棚部に到るまでの管路部分にエアを残存させたままであっても、下降管路形状を工夫することで、この残存エアを封止した上で、水柱形成を可能としてサイホン作用の発生・継続を起きるようにした。このため、比較的少量の洗浄水の供給によりサイホン作用を持続できる。なお、サイホン作用が発生すると、頂上管路部に封止されていた残存エアは、吸引される洗浄水に巻き込まれるが、既に頂上堰に達するまで水柱は形成済みであることから、水柱を通過して排出口から外部に排出されにくくなる。よって、残存エアの排出に伴う水柱の破砕も起きにくくなり、サイホン作用の持続に都合がよい。
このようにサイホントラップの一部管路部分に洗浄開始当初においてエアが残存していてもサイホン作用の発生・継続ができることから、次の利点がある。
既存のサイホントラップを有する大便器では、既述したように、溜水への給水洗浄水の流し込みに当たり、洗浄開始当初において、サイホントラップの管路内のエアを総てトラップ外部に排出させることが重要視されていた。このため、大流量の洗浄水を当初から便器ボール部に継続的に流し込むことが必要とされていた。
本発明の大便器では、サイホントラップからのエア排出を洗浄開始当初において要しないので、溜水への給水洗浄水の流し込みを少流量で当初から継続して行えば足りる。よって、洗浄水給水のために洗浄水タンクを用いるものにあっては、タンクの水頭圧を低くできるので、その分だけ、洗浄水タンク高さを低く抑えることができる。この結果、便器のローシルエット化、延いては意匠性の向上を図ることができる。
また、水道管等の一次側配管の洗浄水を直接便器に給水するものにあっては、一次側給水圧が低くても、溜水への給水洗浄水の流し込みを少流量で当初から継続できる。このため、水道施設状況や降水状況、或いは気候的・地域的特性から一次側給水圧が低い地域であっても、本発明の大便器を適用できることになり、汎用性が高まる。なお、法規制等で高給水圧が要求されている国や地域であっても、減圧弁等を設置することで、本発明の大便器を容易に適用設置できる。
更に、溜水に旋回流を引き起こしてトラップへの洗浄水押し込みを図るものにあっては、旋回流を引き起こすために溜水に合流させる洗浄水を、少流量で吐出させれば足りる。つまり、大流量に基づく高い水勢での洗浄水吐出を起こす必要がなく、少流量の比較的低い水勢で洗浄水を吐出して溜水に合流させればよい。よって、溜水への洗浄水合流に基づく旋回流生成に際しては、低水勢（少流量）での洗浄水吐出により、旋回流に無用な旋回の乱れを起こさないようにできる。この結果、吐出された洗浄水のエネルギ（水勢）を旋回流生成に無駄なく用いることができ、旋回流の安定形成と、旋回流に基づくトラップへの洗浄水押し込みの効率化を図ることができる。
加えて、大流量に基づく高い水勢での洗浄水吐出を起こす必要がないので、洗浄水吐出や溜水への洗浄水合流に伴う音の発生を抑制でき、便器洗浄時の静寂性を高めることができる。また、高い水勢での洗浄水吐出による不用意な水跳ねをも抑制できる。
上記した課題の少なくとも一部を解決するため、本発明の第４の大便器は、
給水された洗浄水を、便器ボール部が貯め置く溜水に流し込み、前記溜水と共にサイホントラップから排出する大便器であって、
前記サイホントラップは、
前記便器ボール部側面に開口したトラップ開口を有し、該トラップ開口から斜め上方に向けた管路を形成する上昇管路部と、
該上昇管路部の上端に連結して湾曲し、前記溜水水位を規定する頂上堰を有する頂上管路部と、
該頂上管路部に連結して下降した下降管路部であって、前記溜水への前記給水洗浄水の流し込みにより前記上昇管路部と前記頂上管路部の前記頂上堰を越えて前記下降管路部に流れ落ちた洗浄水を受け止めて洗浄水の跳ね返りを起こす管路棚部と、該管路棚部で跳ね返った洗浄水を下流側に導く下流側管路部と、該下流側管路部の末端において管路面積を狭小させ洗浄水を便器外部の排水口に導く絞り部とを有する前記下降管路部とを備え、
前記下降管路部は、
前記上昇管路部から運ばれる洗浄水を前記排水口に排出するに当たり、前記頂上堰を越えて流れ落ちる洗浄水の前記管路棚部での受け止めと、前記流れ落ちる洗浄水の流れの向きを前記絞り部の側に転換する流れ向き変更と、前記流れ落ちる洗浄水の前記絞り部での貯め置きとを起こして、前記絞り部において上流側管路の洗浄水によるシールを起こすことと、前記頂上管路部に存在していたエアが前記上昇管路部を上昇してきた洗浄水に押されて前記頂上管路部以降の管路に流れ込むと、該流れ込んだエアを前記頂上管路部より下流で封止して前記頂上管路部側に戻らないようにすることとによって、前記絞り部に貯め置かれた洗浄水が前記頂上堰まで達する水柱を形成して、前記便器ボール部の洗浄水を吸引するサイホン作用を発生させ該サイホン作用を継続可能な下降管路形状を有する、
ことを特徴とする。
この本発明の第４の大便器は、洗浄水が上昇管路部から頂上管路部の頂上堰を越えて下降管路部に流れ落ちようとする際に、この洗浄水により頂上管路部のエアが押されて頂上管路部以降の管路に流れ込んだことを想定した点で、上記の本発明の第３の大便器と相違する。つまり、小流量での洗浄水給水であっても、上昇管路面積や頂上管路面積の関係等から、頂上管路部のエアが押されて頂上管路部以降の管路に流れ込むことが有り得るので、その対処を次のようにして図った。
洗浄水により押し流されたエアは、その一部が、上記の第３の大便器と同様、絞り部に達した洗浄水に巻き込まれて絞り部から排水口に流れ出るものの、排出されなかったエアは管路を上昇する。こうしたエアの上昇が頂上管路部まで起きると、水柱の分断、即ちサイホン作用の消失を起こし得る。しかし、本発明では、このエアを頂上管路部より下流で封止して頂上管路部側に戻らないようにする。従って、この本発明の第４の大便器であっても、上記した第３の発明と同様の効果を奏することができる。
上記の構成を有する本発明の第３、第４の大便器にあっても、以下の種々の態様を採ることもできる。
即ち、前記下降管路部は、
約５０〜１００リットル／ｍｉｎの流量でなされた前記溜水への前記給水洗浄水の流し込みに対して、前記サイホン作用の発生と継続が可能な下降管路形状を有する。
こうすれば、従来の流量にほぼ近似した流量ではもちろんのこと、これより少ない流量であっても、サイホン作用による汚物・溜水・洗浄水の強制吸引を達成できる。
また、前記頂上管路部は、
前記下降管路部に繋がる管路部分が前記頂上堰を越えて前記下降管路部に落ち込む洗浄水の流れを境にエア残存領域として区画されるような管路形状を有する。
こうすれば、エア残存領域を定常な管路部分とできるので、前記下降管路部に落ち込む洗浄水の流れにより効率的に空気を巻き込んで外部へ排出でき、シール化と水柱形成、それによるサイホン発生、並びに便器ボール部の溜水と汚物の効果的な引き込み排出の上で、利点がある。
また、前記頂上管路部は、
前記上昇管路部の管路断面積より広い断面積で、前記上昇管路部と前記下降管路部とを連結する。
こうすれば、残存エアの封止領域を確実に確保できるので、前記下降管路部に落ち込む洗浄水の流れによる空気の巻き込み・排出をより効果的に行うことができるので、上記したようにシール化と水柱形成、それによるサイホン発生、並びに便器ボール部の溜水と汚物の効果的な引き込み排出の上で、利点がある。このように、頂上管路部を上昇管路部の管路断面積より広い断面積とすれば好ましいが、溜水への給水洗浄水の流し込みの際の流量や絞り部の面積絞り状況等によっては、頂上管路部を上昇管路部の管路断面積とほぼ同じかそれ以下の断面積としたりすることもできる。このようにすることで、下降管路部における洗浄水の貯め置きを効率的に行うことができる。
また、前記下降管路部は、
前記管路棚部から前記絞り部にかけて、管路断面の面積が前記上昇管路部の管路断面積と少なくとも同じ程度の面積となるまで減少徐変する下降管路形状を有する。
このように面積徐変を図る場合、前記下降管路部の前記管路断面を、便器左右方向において管路軸心側に絞られた断面形状とすることができる。
こうすれば、頂上堰を越えて下降管路部の管路棚部で跳ね返った洗浄水が早期に下降管路の一部を封止し、さらに絞り部で貯め置かれる状況をより確実に起こすことができるので、上記したエア封止・排出並びに水柱形成によるサイホン作用の発生・継続の信頼性を高めることができる。つまりは、サイホン作用により汚物等の強制吸引を確実なものとして、汚物排出性能を高めることができる。
そして、下降管路部の管路断面を、便器左右方向において管路軸心側に絞られた断面形状とすると共に、次のようにすれば、以下に説明する利点がある。
このような断面形状に加え、
前記下降管路部は、
前記下降管路を、前記頂上堰を越えて落ち込んだ洗浄水が前記便器ボール部の側に跳ね返って前記絞り部に導かれるようにして備え、
前記絞り部は、前記導かれた洗浄水を前記便器ボール部側で受け止める棚部を有し、該棚部で洗浄水を受け止めた後に該洗浄水を前記排水口に導くものとされている。
便器周囲では、例えば綿棒やマッチといった棒状物が使用されがちであり、これら棒状物が誤って便器に入り込み、洗浄水に混ざってトラップに流れ込むことがある。こうした棒状物は、洗浄水と共に下降管路部に達し、頂上堰を越えて落ち込んだ洗浄水と共に便器ボール部の側に跳ね返って絞り部に流れ落ち、その後は、絞り部の棚部で受け止められた後に排水口に到る。
下降管路部の管路断面は、便器左右方向において管路軸心側に絞られたものであるので、下降管路部を通過中の棒状物は、当該管路断面により通過の姿勢が整えられる。つまり、棒状物は、管路断面の長手方向（便器前後方向）に棒の長手方向をほぼ一致した姿勢、或いは管路断面の長手方向（便器前後方向）に対して棒の長手方向を洗浄水の流れ方向（落下方向）から交差するような姿勢でしか管路を流れ落ちない。このため、こうした姿勢で流れ落ちた棒状物は、便器ボール部の側への跳ね飛びの際に、絞り部の棚部の側に向かう洗浄水の流れ方向と棒の長手方向がほぼ一致するようにして、絞り部の棚部に向かう。この棚部でも棒状物の跳ね返りが起きるので、棚部以降では、棒状物は、洗浄水がその後に向かう排水口に向けた洗浄水の流れ方向に棒の長手方向をほぼ一致させる。こうなった棒状物は、排水口に向かって長手方向端部から当該排水口に入り込むことになる。よって、絞り部において棒状物を詰まらせてしまうような事態を有効に回避できる。
また、給水された洗浄水を便器ボール部が貯め置く溜水に流し込むために、上記したように第１、第２の洗浄水主流を発生させて溜水に旋回流を引き起こすようにしたり、こうした旋回流の引き起こしに有効な周壁形状を有する便器ボール部を備えるものとすることもできる。
こうすれば、上記した旋回流による押し込み効率の向上と、これに伴う上記の効果に加え、エア残存下でのサイホン作用発生とその継続を図ることによる上記の効果を奏することができる。
また、上記した課題の少なくとも一部を解決するため、本発明の第５の大便器は、
溜水を貯め置く便器ボール部と、前記便器ボール部を支えるための便器本体と、汚物排出に際してサイホン作用を発生させるサイホントラップ管路とを有し、該サイホントラップ管路を、前記便器ボール部の底部側面に開口したトラップ開口から斜め上方に向けた上昇管路部と、該上昇管路部の上端に連結して湾曲管路を形成し、前記溜水水位を規定する頂上堰を有する頂上管路部と、該頂上管路部に連結して下降した下降管路部とで形成した大便器であって、
前記頂上管路部の湾曲管路のうち、前記頂上堰と対向する管路壁面となる壁面部位であって前記上昇管路部の連結部から前記下降管路部との連結部までの所定範囲の前記壁面部位を、便器焼成前の素地の状態において、前記壁面部位を除いた残りの前記サイホントラップ管路と前記便器ボール部と前記便器本体との素地とは別体とし、
前記壁面部位の素地を、前記残りの前記サイホントラップ管路の素地に接合して前記サイホントラップ管路を塞ぎ、焼成したことを特徴とする。
上記構成を有する本発明の第５の大便器では、焼成前の素地の状態では、サイホントラップ管路の頂上管路部の湾曲管路では、頂上堰と対向する管路壁面となる所定範囲の壁面部位が、上昇管路部の連結部から下降管路部との連結部までの間に亘って存在しない状態である。よって、この壁面部位に当たる箇所がないものとして、上昇管路部の内壁や頂上堰を形成するための型を他の型にセットできることになる。このため、型の型面に密着堆積した側の素地面を、上昇管路部の内壁面や頂上堰壁面とできることから、これら部位を凹凸のない内壁を有するものとしたり、管路内に突出等した部分を有するような頂上堰とできる。そして、壁面部位の素地はサイホントラップ管路素地に接合されて当該管路は塞がれて連続したサイホントラップ管路となり、その後に焼成される。上記した頂上堰等の形成のための型は、他の型へのセットという制約を受けるものの、型形状については自由度が高まるので、サイホントラップ管路形状を多様化できる。
また、上記した課題の少なくとも一部を解決するための大便器を製造するに当たり、本発明の製造方法は、
溜水を貯め置く便器ボール部と、前記便器ボール部を支えるための便器本体と、汚物排出に際してサイホン作用を発生させるサイホントラップ管路とを有し、該サイホントラップ管路を、前記便器ボール部の底部側面に開口したトラップ開口から斜め上方に向けた上昇管路部と、該上昇管路部の上端に連結して湾曲管路を形成し、前記溜水水位を規定する頂上堰を有する頂上管路部と、該頂上管路部に連結して下降した下降管路部とで形成した大便器の製造方法であって、
前記頂上管路部の湾曲管路のうち、前記頂上堰と対向する管路壁面となる壁面部位であって前記上昇管路部の連結部から前記下降管路部との連結部までの所定範囲の前記壁面部位となる壁面部位素地を、型成形する工程（１）と、
前記壁面部位を除いた残りの前記サイホントラップ管路と前記便器ボール部と前記便器本体とが一体となった便器素地を、型成形する工程（２）と、
前記壁面部位素地を前記便器素地に接合して前記サイホントラップ管路を塞ぎ、前記サイホントラップ管路を前記上昇管路部と前記頂上管路部と前記下降管路部が連続したものとした状態で焼成を行う工程（３）とを有し、
前記工程（２）は、
前記便器ボール部の底部壁形状と前記便器本体の底部壁形状と前記記壁面部位を除いた残りの前記サイホントラップ管路のうち前記下降管路部の外郭壁形状とに適合した凹部形状を有する底型と、
前記便器本体の側面壁形状に適合した凹部形状を有する側型と、
前記便器ボール部の内周壁形状に適合した凸部形状を有するボール中型と、
前記サイホントラップ管路の前記上昇管路部の管路内壁形状と前記頂上管路部の前記頂上堰形状に適合した外郭形状を有し、前記ボール中型に組み込み可能な割型であって、前記ボール中型に組み込まれると前記ボール中型の前記凸部形状のうち前記便器ボール部の底部内壁に適合した部分に接合して、該接合箇所を前記トラップ開口の開口箇所とする前記割型とを準備する工程と、
該準備した各型を型合わせして、各型の前記凹部形状と凸部形状で、前記壁面部位を除いた残りの前記サイホントラップ管路と前記便器ボール部と前記便器本体とが一体となった前記便器素地の形成のためのキャビティを形成する工程と、
前記キャビティへの泥漿の流し込み、前記各型への泥漿堆積、排泥、乾燥、型抜きを経て、前記便器素地を取得する工程とを有する
ことを特徴とする。
上記構成を有する本発明の大便器製造方法によれば、頂上管路部の湾曲管路のうち、頂上堰と対向する管路壁面となる壁面部位を、その素地の状態で、他の便器部位とは別体のものとする。従って、便器素地形成に際しては、この壁面部位に当たる箇所がないものとして、上昇管路部の内壁や頂上堰を形成するための割型を、ボール中型に組み込むことができ、この割型の型面に密着堆積した側の素地面を、上昇管路部の内壁面や頂上堰壁面とできる。このため、上記したように、この割型の型形状については自由度が高まるので、サイホントラップ管路形状が多様化した大便器を容易に製造できる。この場合、割型とボール中型との接合箇所をトラップ開口の開口箇所とするので、トラップ開口を高い寸法精度で形成することができる。
上記の構成を有する本発明の大便器とその製造方法は、以下の種々の態様を採ることもできる。
即ち、サイホントラップ管路の末端に位置して便器外部の排水口に連結される末端管路部を、その素地の状態で、大便器と別体とし、この末端管路部の素地を、素地状態のサイホントラップ管路の末端に接合して焼成することにする。そして、この末端管路部を、その素地形成に際して、排水口と便器後端との間の距離が相違する場合に対応できるよう複数用意された形状のもので素地形成しておき、そのうちからこの距離に適合して選択したものとし、この素地の接合位置を上記の距離に応じて調整する。こうすれば、サイホントラップ管路を有する便器本体の型は共通にしたまま、末端管路部の製造に必要な型を準備すればよいので、型製造やその管理コストの低減を図ることができる。しかも、末端管路部の素地の接合、その後の焼成を経て得られた便器は、排水口仕様の一つである上記距離、即ち便器壁から排水口センターまでのラフィンへの適合を、陶器製便器自体で図ることができる。
この場合、末端管路部を、排水口に対向し、この排水口周りに配設された環状シール部材を押圧して排水口周りをシールし、排水口に排水するものすることができる。こうすれば、排水口への排水に際して、排水の漏れを末端管路部自体で回避でき、この際には、屈曲等したソケット等を必要としないので簡便である。
また、末端管路部を、排水口に対向し、排水口と末端管路部との間に介在する排水コネクタを介して排水口に繋がるものとすることができる。こうすれば、排水口への排水に際して、排水の漏れを、排水コネクタを介して回避できる。そして、この排水ソケットは、対向関係にある末端管路部と排水口を接続すればよいので、直管状とすれば足り、形状が単純なために取扱も容易である。
また、末端管路部が排水口に挿入配設可能となるようにすることもでき、こうすれば、末端管路部を含む便器全体が陶器製でありながら、この大便器を末端管路部が排水口に挿入させて設置できる。よって、ソケット等の事前設置や、ソケット製造のための工程・設備管理が不要となり、コスト的に有利である。また、末端管路部が排水口に挿入配設可能であることから、この末端管路部を有するサイホントラップ管路を陶器のまま排水口仕様に適合できる。
上記したように、末端管路部を単独で形成できることから、その素地を凸型と凹型で型形成しその外径形状を凹型で規定し内径形状を凸型で規定できるようになる。よって、末端管路部を、内外壁形状を異形形状、例えば、外壁は円筒形でありながら内壁を楕円形状といったようにすることができる。
また、本発明の第５の大便器は、
溜水を貯め置く便器ボール部と、前記便器ボール部を支えるための便器本体と、汚物排出に際してサイホン作用を発生させるサイホントラップ管路とを有する大便器であって、
前記サイホントラップ管路の末端に位置し、便器外部の排水口に連結される末端管路部であって、該末端管路部を介して前記下降管路部を前記排水口に繋げるための前記末端管路部を有し、
前記末端管路部を、便器焼成前の素地の状態において、前記サイホントラップ管路と前記便器ボール部と前記便器本体との素地とは別体とし、
前記末端管路部の素地を、素地状態の前記サイホントラップ管路の末端に接合して、焼成したことを特徴とする。
こうすれば、上昇管路部の内壁や頂上堰に形状的な特徴を必要としない大便器にあっても、末端管路部を素地状態で別に用意したことで、陶器製便器自体での排水口適合といった上記と同様の効果を奏することができる。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
次に、本発明に係る大便器の実施の形態を実施例に基づき説明する。図１は実施例の大便器１０をその上面を破断して説明するための説明図、図２は図１の大便器１０を前後方向の中央線に沿って左方に断面視して示す説明図、図３は同じく右方に断面視して示す説明図、図４は図２に示すリムの中央部付近を一部破断して説明するための説明図である。この第１実施例の大便器１０は、後述するようにサイホントラップ管路の個々の部位の管路形状に特徴があり、少流量での洗浄水給水によってもサイホン作用の発生・継続を図れるようにした。まず、便器全体構成について説明する。
これら図面に示すよらに、大便器１０は、便器ボール部１２を備え、その上縁をリム１４とする。リム１４は、便器ボール部１２を取り囲むよう形成されており、その内部に中空のリム導水路１６を有する。リム導水路１６は、便器後方側にて洗浄水給水路１８と繋がっている。
便器ボール部１２の後方側は、後述する洗浄水給水装置を収納する機器収納部１１とされており、洗浄水給水路１８は、この機器収納部１１に収納された洗浄水給水装置から、連結孔１９を介して洗浄水の給水を受ける。洗浄水給水路１８に給水された洗浄水は、図１に示すように、リム導水路１６に左右方向から入り込み、便器ボール部１２の上縁周りに導かれる。
便器ボール部１２は、そのボール底部１３においてサイホントラップ２０と連結されている。サイホントラップ２０は、ボール底部１３に臨んで開口したトラップ入口２２と、このトラップ入口２２から便器後方側に斜め上方に向けた管路を形成する上昇管路部２４と、上昇管路部２４の上端に連結して下方に向けて湾曲した頂上管路部２６と、頂上管路部２６に連結して下降する下降管路部２８とを有する。頂上管路部２６は、上昇管路部２４との連結部に、下降管路部２８の側に屈曲した頂上堰３０を備え、この頂上堰３０で便器ボール部１２が貯め置く溜水ＲＳの水位を規定する。このサイホントラップ２０の管路形状については、後述する。
リム１４は、そのリム導水路１６に、図１に示す便器左側に、基部第１吐水孔４１、基部第２吐水孔４２、左方中央部吐水孔４３とを備えるほか、この左方中央部吐水孔４３とリム前端側吐水孔４４との間には多孔の第１矯正用吐水孔４５を、左方中央部吐水孔４３と基部第２吐水孔４２との間には多孔の補助吐水孔４６を有する。また、リム１４は、便器右側に、右中央部吐水孔４７を備え、この右中央部吐水孔４７とリム前端側吐水孔４４との間には、多孔の第２矯正用吐水孔４８、第３矯正用吐水孔４９を、右中央部吐水孔４７と洗浄水給水路１８の連結部との間には、多孔の第４矯正用吐水孔５０と補助吐水孔５１を有する。
基部第１吐水孔４１と基部第２吐水孔４２は、リム導水路１６の底部側に形成され、図示するように長孔形状（本実施例では、幅×長さが基部第１吐水孔４１で１２×４３ｍｍ、基部第２吐水孔４２で１３×３５ｍｍ）とされている。補助吐水孔４６や第１矯正用吐水孔４５、リム前端側吐水孔４４、第２矯正用吐水孔４８、第３矯正用吐水孔４９、右中央部吐水孔４７、第４矯正用吐水孔５０および補助吐水孔５１は、それぞれ略円形の孔形状でリム導水路１６の底部側に形成されている。この場合、上記吐水孔の孔径は、本実施例では、補助吐水孔４６と補助吐水孔５１が約４ｍｍ、第１矯正用吐水孔４５が約１３ｍｍ、リム前端側吐水孔４４と第２矯正用吐水孔４８が約１０ｍｍ、第３矯正用吐水孔４９と第４矯正用吐水孔５０が約５ｍｍ、右中央部吐水孔４７が約１６ｍｍとされている。
リム導水路１６に流れ込んだ洗浄水は、洗浄水給水装置で与えられた流量に依存する速度（流速）で、リム導水路１６を導水路経路に沿って通過し、各吐水孔に到達した時点では、リム導水路周りの吐水孔位置に応じた方向性を持っている。よって、上記の各吐水孔は、図１に模式的に示すように、洗浄水が有する方向性を反映させながら、洗浄水を便器ボール部１２の表面に沿ってボール底部１３の側に吐出する。
リム導水路１６における便器左右の略中央部には、導水路底部から隆起した左方隆起部５２と右方隆起部５３が形成されている。この両隆起部は、リム導水路１６を、洗浄水の流れ方向に対して上流側を導水路断面積が広い拡張導水路１６ａと、下流側を導水路断面積が狭い狭小導水路１６ｂに区別する。従って、拡張導水路１６ａでは通水洗浄水量が大きくなり、狭小導水路１６ｂでは、左右の隆起部で整流を受けた洗浄水が流れることになる。
基部第１吐水孔４１等の上記各吐水孔からの洗浄水吐出がなされる際、基部第１吐水孔４１と基部第２吐水孔４２は、その孔形状が長孔形状であると共に、拡張導水路１６ａでの吐水孔であること、洗浄水給水路１８に近接していることから、他の吐水孔に比して大流量での洗浄水吐出を行う。また、第１矯正用吐水孔４５や、右中央部吐水孔４７、リム前端側吐水孔４４および第２矯正用吐水孔４８は、狭小導水路１６ｂでの整流により、吐出洗浄水の方向性が安定した状態で洗浄水を吐出し、その際の吐出量は孔径に依存する。
左方中央部吐水孔４３は、図４に示すように、左方隆起部５２に約１６ｍｍの孔径で形成されており、その開口方向は、拡張導水路１６ａの洗浄水通水方向と一致する。よって、この左方中央部吐水孔４３から吐出された洗浄水は、この左方中央部吐水孔４３から真っ直ぐに進んでリム１４下端の便器ボール部１２の上縁周壁５５に案内され、その吐出軌跡は、図２及び図３中の吐出軌跡ＴＳで示すようなものとなる。この場合、リム１４は、狭小導水路１６ｂの便器ボール部１２の側に、左方隆起部５２から便器前方側にかけて垂下板部５６を有し、左方中央部吐水孔４３の前方領域を、垂下板部５６と狭小導水路１６ｂの底面部５７および上縁周壁５５で取り囲む。よって、左方中央部吐水孔４３は、高い方向性と収束性を持って洗浄水を上記の吐出軌跡ＴＳで吐出する。
次に、上記した基部第１吐水孔４１等から洗浄水吐出を行った場合の洗浄水挙動について説明する。図５は基部第１吐水孔４１と基部第２吐水孔４２とから吐出された洗浄水の挙動を説明する説明図、図６は左方中央部吐水孔４３と第１矯正用吐水孔４５、リム前端側吐水孔４４、第２矯正用吐水孔４８および右中央部吐水孔４７からの洗浄水吐出を説明する説明図であり、図６（ａ）は各吐水孔から単独で洗浄水吐出を行ったと仮定した場合の洗浄水の挙動を説明する説明図、図６（ｂ）は各吐水孔からの洗浄水吐出により起きる洗浄水の挙動を説明する説明図である。図７は総ての吐水孔からの洗浄水吐出により起きる洗浄水の挙動を模式的に説明する説明図、図８はこの洗浄水挙動を起こす各主流が溜水ＲＳに個別に合流することを仮想した際の様子を模式的に説明する説明図、図９は両主流が同時に溜水ＲＳに合流した際の溜水における旋回の挙動を模式的に説明する説明図である。
基部第１吐水孔４１と基部第２吐水孔４２は、図１および図５に示すように、その形成位置が便器後方側であり拡張導水路１６ａの底部に開口している。よって、この両吐水孔は、洗浄水を、便器前方側に向けて溜水ＲＳに対して斜め上方から吐出する。この場合、両吐水孔は、それぞれ長孔形状とされているので、洗浄水を幅広く、また、長孔形状より拡がるように吐出する。そして、この両吐水孔は、隣接形成されていることから、吐出後の洗浄水の流れを合流させるので、こうした合流により正確な方向性と強い水勢を持った流れの主流（第１主流Ｓ１）を形成し、この第１主流Ｓ１を溜水ＲＳに合流させる。この第１主流Ｓ１は、上記の吐水孔位置、洗浄水吐出方向から、溜水ＲＳに対して、図示するように平面視で、便器左奥から斜め右前方に向けて合流する。また、この第１主流Ｓ１は、両吐水孔からの洗浄水流の合流によるものであることから、安定した軌跡を採って溜水ＲＳに合流する。上記両吐水孔から吐出されて第１主流Ｓ１の形成に関与しない洗浄水は、第１主流Ｓ１両側の流れとして溜水ＲＳに合流し、第１主流Ｓ１が到らない便器ボール部１２の表面を洗い流す。補助吐水孔４６からの吐出洗浄水についても同様である。
左方中央部吐水孔４３は、リム導水路１６に導かれた洗浄水を、基部第１吐水孔４１と基部第２吐水孔４２と同じ側（詳しくは、便器左方側）から吐出する。こうして吐出された洗浄水は、図６（ａ）に示すように、上縁周壁５５（図４参照）に沿って周回するような既述した吐出軌跡ＴＳで流れる。ところが、この左方中央部吐水孔４３からの洗浄水吐出と共に、第１矯正用吐水孔４５やリム前端側吐水孔４４、第２矯正用吐水孔４８および右中央部吐水孔４７からの洗浄水吐出も起きている。これら各吐水孔からの洗浄水吐出は、左方中央部吐水孔４３からの吐出洗浄水の吐出軌跡ＴＳにそれぞれ交差するものとなる。よって、吐出軌跡ＴＳの洗浄水の流れには、便器前方側において、第１矯正用吐水孔４５からの吐出洗浄水、リム前端側吐水孔４４からの吐出洗浄水、第２矯正用吐水孔４８からの吐出洗浄水および第３矯正用吐水孔４９からの吐出洗浄水が順次合流する。また、左方中央部吐水孔４３の反対側である便器右方側では、吐出軌跡ＴＳの洗浄水の流れに、右中央部吐水孔４７からの吐出洗浄水と第４矯正用吐水孔５０からの吐出洗浄水が合流する。
こうした洗浄水の合流は、吐出軌跡ＴＳの洗浄水の流れを合流を経て矯正すると共に、吐出軌跡ＴＳの洗浄水の流れを合流により正確な方向性と強い水勢を持った流れの主流（第２主流Ｓ２）とし、この第２主流Ｓ２を溜水ＲＳに合流させる。この第２主流Ｓ２は、上縁周壁５５周りの吐出軌跡ＴＳの洗浄水の流れを便器前方側、便器右方側での合流・矯正したものであることから、溜水ＲＳに対して、図６（ｂ）に示すように平面視で、便器右前方から斜め左後方に向けて合流する。この第２主流Ｓ２にあっては、第１矯正用吐水孔４５等の複数の吐水孔からの吐出洗浄水の合流・矯正を経たものであることから、安定した軌跡を採って溜水ＲＳに合流し、溜水合流に際しては、図６（ｂ）や図７に示すように、第１主流Ｓ１と便器水平面視において溜水ＲＳを挟んで略平行な関係を採り、両主流の合流によって溜水ＲＳに同一回転方向の旋回流が発生する。なお、補助吐水孔５１や当該吐水孔側の第４矯正用吐水孔５０にあっては、第２主流Ｓ２が到らない便器ボール部１２の表面（便器後方側表面）を洗い流す。
このように第１主流Ｓ１と第２主流Ｓ２が溜水ＲＳに対して便器水平面視において略平行で、溜水ＲＳに同一回転方向の旋回流を起こすよう関係を有していることから、本実施例の大便器１０では、それぞれの主流が溜水ＲＳに旋回流を起こす際、お互いの主流が旋回流の旋回方向の乱れを及ぼし合うことがない。このため、旋回流を乱すことなくその旋回を促進し合うので、吐出洗浄水のエネルギ（水勢）を旋回流生成に無駄なく用いることができ、これを通して、旋回流による溜水の押し込み効率を高めることができる。なお、こうした効果については後述する。
次に、こうした主流の合流を引き起こすためのボール部内壁構造について説明する。図１０は大便器１０を第２主流Ｓ２の溜水合流付近である図１の１０−１０線で断面視して示す説明図である。この図１０や図１ないし図３に示すように、本実施例の大便器１０では、便器ボール部１２の便器前方側内壁を、リム１４下方の上縁周壁５５と、これに続く傾斜の緩い傾斜部６０と、大きく傾斜した傾斜部６１と傾斜を抑えた下端棚部６２とし、この下端棚部６２を溜水ＲＳ中の水面近傍に位置するようにした。この下端棚部６２は、第１主流Ｓ１を受け止めて旋回の案内をすると共に、溜水ＲＳにこの第１主流Ｓ１が合流して起きる洗浄水の旋回状況を、図８に示すように、溜水ＲＳの深さ方向の旋回のリードＳ１Ｌが小さくなるようにする。
また、便器ボール部１２の便器後方側内壁は、リム１４下方からほぼ一律に大きな傾斜で傾斜した後方傾斜部６３とされている。この後方傾斜部６３は、溜水ＲＳ水面下方のボール底部１３のトラップ入口２２まで達するようにされている。また、便器ボール部１２の便器側面側内壁は、図１０に示すように、リム１４下方の上縁周壁５５に続く傾斜の緩い左右の傾斜部６４Ｒ、６４Ｌと、大きく傾斜した左右の傾斜部６５Ｒ、６５Ｌとされている。傾斜部６４Ｒ、６４Ｌは、便器前方側の傾斜部６０と繋がって、既述した第２主流Ｓ２の流れ矯正の際の洗浄水受け面となり、便器後方側の後方傾斜部６３と繋がっている。この傾斜部６４Ｌは、第１主流Ｓ１を溜水ＲＳ近くまで案内するものの、第１主流Ｓ１は斜め後方から前方に流れるので、第１主流Ｓ１の溜水合流とその後の旋回付与のための案内は、既述したように下端棚部６２でなされる。
傾斜部６５Ｒ、６５Ｌは、便器前方側で傾斜部６１と、便器後方側で後方傾斜部６３と繋がっている。傾斜部６５Ｒとこれに続く後方傾斜部６３は、上記のように矯正された第２主流Ｓ２を受け止めて溜水ＲＳに合流案内すると共に、合流後の第２主流Ｓ２が溜水ＲＳに合流して起きる洗浄水の旋回状況を規定する。この場合、傾斜部６５Ｒと後方傾斜部６３は、共に傾斜が大きくされており、その傾斜の様子は、溜水ＲＳへの洗浄水流入によって起きる図１０中の溜水水位上昇ΔＨと溜水面広さの拡張ΔＳとの比較において、溜水水位上昇ΔＨに対して水面拡張ΔＳが約１／５〜２／５程度とされ、水位上昇における溜水面広さの拡張割合が元の広さに対して約４０％以内となっている。つまり、第２主流Ｓ２は、こうした大きな傾斜を持って溜水ＲＳに合流して溜水合流後にあってもこれら傾斜部で旋回案内される。このため、溜水ＲＳにこの第２主流Ｓ２が合流して起きる洗浄水の旋回状況は、図８に示すように、溜水ＲＳの深さ方向の旋回のリードＳ２Ｌが大きくなるようなものとなる。なお、傾斜部６５Ｒと後方傾斜部６３および傾斜部６５Ｌは、湾曲面であるためにその傾斜程度を上記した溜水水位上昇ΔＨと溜水面広さの拡張ΔＳとの比較で説明したが、これらをその鉛直方向の断面形状において、溜水水面と周壁面部の断面周壁面とがなす角度を、約５〜２５°となるよう急角度なものにすることもできる。こうすれば、上記の各傾斜部で案内した第２主流Ｓ２を、大きなリードＳ２Ｌの旋回流とできる。
ところで、上記の各主流合流後に起きる旋回流は独立に起きているわけではなく、同時進行的に溜水において発生する。よって、次のような挙動を採ると推考される。
このように旋回リードの大きくなるよう第２主流Ｓ２が溜水ＲＳに引き起こした旋回流は、旋回に基づく溜水ＲＳの押し込みをボール底部１３の側、即ちトラップ入口２２に向かうものとする。しかも、この押し込みを、図９に示すように、第１主流Ｓ１が起こす旋回リードの小さい旋回流にも及ぼすので、第１主流Ｓ１の旋回流に乗って旋回する汚物および旋回洗浄水自体をトラップ入口２２に向かうよう押し込む。このため、溜水ＲＳや汚物の押し込み性能をより高めることができる。なお、このような押し込みを及ぼした場合であっても、旋回流の旋回方向の乱れは生じない。
加えて、便器ボール部１２は、ボール底部１３をすり鉢状にしていることから、トラップ入口２２へと向かう上記の両旋回流の旋回半径は徐々に小さくなり、旋回流の勢いは増大していく。このため上記した旋回流による押し込みの性能はさらに向上することになる。なお、こうすることで得られる効果については、後述する。
上記した第１主流Ｓ１と第２主流Ｓ２に基づく溜水旋回が起きると、便器ボール部１２内の洗浄水と汚物は、トラップ入口２２からサイホントラップ２０に入り込み（押し込まれ）、次のようにしてサイホントラップ２０から排出される。ここで、汚物排出の様子の説明に先立ち、サイホントラップ２０の詳細な構成について説明する。図１１はサイホントラップ２０の管路構成を説明するために管路を図３の１１−１１線に沿って断面視した説明図、図１２は下降管路部２８を図３および図１１の１２−１２線に沿って断面視した説明図、図１３は下降管路部２８を図３および図１１の１３−１３線に沿って断面視した説明図、図１４は下降管路部２８を図３および図１１の１４−１４線に沿って断面視した説明図である。
頂上管路部２６は、上昇管路部２４に連続して便器後方に延び、頂上堰３０から洗浄水を下降管路部２８に流し落とす。本実施例では、この頂上管路部２６は、その管路断面積が上昇管路部２４より広くなるようにし、後述するように、頂上管路部２６の内壁最上位部７０にエア封止を図ることができるようにされている。
頂上管路部２６は、頂上堰３０に加え、この頂上堰３０から下降管路部２８の側に斜め下方に向けて突出した舌部７１を有する。頂上堰３０は、上昇管路部２４から下降管路部２８に到る管路の折り返し点となって既述したように溜水水位を規定するのに対し、この舌部７１は、管路内側に斜め下方に向けて突出するという形状的な特徴により、頂上堰３０を洗浄水が乗り越えて下降管路部２８に流れ落ちる際の案内となる。よって、頂上堰３０に達した洗浄水は、舌部７１での案内を受けて下降管路部２８に流れ落ちるので、下降管路部２８が有する後述の上部管路棚部７５や下部管路棚部７７に確実に到達して、これら棚部での受け止め・跳ね返りを起こして下流に流れ落ちる。舌部７１は、図示するように斜め下方に湾曲して突出していることから、その下面領域は洗浄水排出時におけるエア溜まりとなる。
下降管路部２８は、頂上管路部２６の側から、湾曲管路部７２と中間管路部７３と末端管路部７４とを備える。下降管路部２８は、図１１ないし図１４に示すように、この湾曲管路部７２と中間管路部７３を、末端管路部７４にかけて管路断面の面積が減少徐変するようにして備える。つまり、湾曲管路部７２と中間管路部７３は、これら管路部を通過する洗浄水の通過方向に沿ってその断面積が減少徐変するようにされており、その徐変の様子は、図１２、図１３に示すように、便器左右方向において管路軸心側に絞られたものとされている。
湾曲管路部７２は、中間管路部７３の連結部に上部管路棚部７５を備える。上部管路棚部７５は、舌部７１に案内されて頂上堰３０から流れ落ちた洗浄水を受け止めて洗浄水の跳ね返りを起こし、洗浄水を下流の中間管路部７３に落とし込む。
中間管路部７３は、末端管路部７４の連結部に下部管路棚部７７を備える。この下部管路棚部７７は、舌部７１からの流れ落ち洗浄水、並びに上部管路棚部７５から中間管路部７３の外周壁部７６を伝わり落ちた洗浄水を受け止めて、これら洗浄水の跳ね返りを起こし、洗浄水を下流の末端管路部７４に落とし込む。
末端管路部７４は、図１４に示すように円筒形の外壁形状をなし、その内部を断面楕円形の管路部７９とする。そして、この末端管路部７４は、図示しない排水コネクターを介して図示しない排水口にいわゆるスリップインされて、下降管路部２８とこの排水口を連結する。末端管路部７４は、管路部７９の下端に、最下端棚部８０を残して開口された貫通孔７８を備え、この貫通孔７８を開口面積の狭い絞りとして機能させる。最下端棚部８０は、上記の上部管路棚部７５と下部管路棚部７７で便器ボール部１２の側に跳ね返った洗浄水を受け止めて洗浄水の跳ね返りを起こし、洗浄水を貫通孔７８から排水口に導く。
上記したように、下降管路部２８は、上部管路棚部７５と下部管路棚部７７を有するので、頂上堰３０を乗り越えて下降管路部２８に流れ落ちる洗浄水の流量が少ないときは、下部管路棚部７７での洗浄水の受け止めと跳ね返りを起こし、流れ落ちる流量が多ければ、上部管路棚部７５と下部管路棚部７７の両者で洗浄水の受け止めと跳ね返りを起こす。このため、落ち込み洗浄水流量の多少に拘わらず、末端管路部７４の最下端棚部８０で洗浄水の受け止めと跳ね返りを起こした後に、洗浄水を排水口に排出する。この場合、中間管路部７３の外周壁部７６と頂上堰３０の舌部７１との位置関係は、洗浄水給水装置からの給水流量（吐出量）が本実施例で想定している最低流量（約４０リットル／ｍｉｎ）であっても、頂上堰３０からの流れ落ち洗浄水が確実に下部管路棚部７７で跳ね返るようなものとされている。また、中間管路部７３の管路面積や末端管路部７４における７８の開口面積等は、洗浄水給水装置からの給水流量が上記の最低流量であっても、後述するように洗浄水の貯め置きが起きるものとされている。
こうした構成を有する下降管路部２８による汚物排出の様子を、下降管路部２８における洗浄水の挙動で説明する。図１５は洗浄開始初期における洗浄水の挙動を説明するための説明図、図１６は洗浄水が末端管路部７４で貯め置かれる様子を説明する説明図、図１７はサイホン作用の発生の状況を説明する説明図である。
図示しない洗浄ボタンや洗浄レバーが操作されて便器洗浄が開始されると、洗浄水給水装置からリム導水路１６に洗浄水が流れ込み、既述したように第１主流Ｓ１、第２主流Ｓ２で洗浄水が溜水ＲＳに流れ込む。そうすると、図１５に示すように、上昇管路部２４に入り込んでいた洗浄水は、溜水ＲＳに流れ込んだ洗浄水に押し込まれるので、上昇管路部２４での水位が上がる。こうした洗浄水の押し込みは、既述した第１主流Ｓ１と第２主流Ｓ２の溜水ＲＳへの略平行かつ同一回転方向への合流に基づく旋回流により起きる。
こうして押し込まれた洗浄水は、上昇管路部２４から頂上管路部２６の頂上堰３０を越えて下降管路部２８に流れ落ちる。この洗浄水は、図１６に示すように、下降管路部２８の上部管路棚部７５や下部管路棚部７７で受け止められて跳ね返る。こうして跳ね返った洗浄水は、洗浄水の流れの向きを下流の末端管路部７４の側に転換して更に下流側に流れ落ち、その際に、下降管路部内のエアの巻き込みを伴う管路流下と、流れ方向の転換に伴う洗浄水の流下速度の低下を来して、下流の末端管路部７４に達する。こうした洗浄水挙動により、上部管路棚部７５下流では、その下流管路の洗浄水による封止が次のようにして始まる。
末端管路部７４は、最下端棚部８０を備えるので、この最下端棚部８０で洗浄水を更に跳ね返した後に、貫通孔７８から洗浄水を排出する。この場合、図１４に示すように、貫通孔７８は、その開口面積が狭くされていることから、末端管路部７４は、一部の洗浄水を貫通孔７８から排出するものの、洗浄水を管路部７９に貯め置く。
本実施例では、上記の最低流量での洗浄水給水を起こしている状況下であっても、洗浄水貯め置きに際して上記した棚部での跳ね返りに基づく流下速度の低下を起こしていることから、頂上堰３０を越えて下降管路部２８に流れ落ちる洗浄水の流量は、末端管路部７４を経て排出口に流れ出る洗浄水流量に勝る。よって、洗浄開始当初において、末端管路部７４での洗浄水の貯め置きと排水口への排出を並行して起こすことができる。そして、末端管路部７４での洗浄水の貯め置き水量は、下降管路部２８への洗浄水の流れ落ちが継続されるに連れて増加する。この洗浄水の落ち込み継続の間においては、頂上堰３０を乗り越えて下降管路部２８に流れ落ちる洗浄水の流れが、図１６に示すように、頂上堰３０の舌部７１先端から上部管路棚部７５或いは下部管路棚部７７に亘るウォーターカーテンのような働きを為す。
こうした末端管路部７４での洗浄水の貯め置きと排出が起きている洗浄開始当初の状況では、上部管路棚部７５より下流に残留していたエアは、上記した棚部跳ね返りの洗浄水に巻き込まれて末端管路部７４から排出される。そして、上記した末端管路部７４での洗浄水貯め置きが継続するので、図１７に示すように、中間管路部７３並びに末端管路部７４は洗浄水で満たされてシールされる。これにより、その後の洗浄水の流れ落ちの継続により、末端管路部７４から頂上堰３０までに達する水柱が形成されると共に、この洗浄水水柱により貫通孔７８外部からのエアの進入が防止される。この水柱形成後であっても、引き続き頂上堰３０から下降管路部２８への洗浄水の流れ落ちは継続されて、末端管路部７４での洗浄水の貯め置き水量が増加することから、下流管路部２８における上記形成済みの水柱が貫通孔７８へ落下する際の水頭により洗浄水通水が起きるので、トラップ内では減圧現象が起きる。しかも、上昇管路部２４を通過して頂上堰３０を乗り越え下降管路部２８に流れ込もうとする洗浄水の流れ込みは、この減圧現象の間も継続されることから、上昇管路部２４の側からのエアの吸込も起こさない。よって、便器ボール部１２の溜水水面と末端管路部７４の高さの相違によって、便器ボール部１２の洗浄水を吸引するいわゆるサイホン作用が発生し、エア吸込によるサイホン消滅が起きるまで、このサイホン作用は継続される。このため、便器ボール部１２の汚物は溜水並びに給水洗浄水と共に強制的にサイホントラップ２０に吸引されて排出される。
ところで、当初から頂上管路部２６の内壁最上位部７０に残存したエアは、この内壁最上位部７０に封止されたままであり、上記した洗浄水による巻き込みによっては下降管路部２８から排出されなかったエアは、下降管路部２８では既に水柱形成済みであることから、この水柱を上昇して内壁最上位部７０に封止される。また、舌部７１の下面でも、エアの溜まりが起きることがある。しかし、末端管路部７４では洗浄水の貯め置きと排出が起きてシール状態であるので、貫通孔７８からのエア浸入を起こさない。また、便器ボール部１２の側でもエア吸込がないので、上記形成された水柱は、封止エアおよび浸入エアにより断ち切られることがないので、上記のように発生したサイホン作用を継続させる。このため、サイホン作用により便器ボール部１２の汚物は溜水ＲＳと共に強制的にサイホントラップ２０に吸引されて排出される。つまり、この大便器１０では、大流量の洗浄水給水により一気にエアを排出して管路の満水化を図る既存便器とは異なる状況、即ち、頂上管路部２６の内壁最上位部７０でのエア残存や舌部７１の下面のエア溜まりを起こした状況であっても、少流量での洗浄水給水によりサイホン作用の発生・継続を起こす特徴がある。そして、こうしたサイホン作用の発生・継続を図るため、サイホントラップ２０の上昇管路部２４、頂上管路部２６、下降管路部２８および末端管路部７４において、既述した特異な形状を採った。
こうしてサイホン作用が発生して継続すると、頂上管路部２６の内壁最上位部７０に封止されていた残存エアは、吸引される洗浄水に巻き込まれて当該洗浄水と共に継続して排出されると予想される。
ところで、本実施例では、下降管路部２８を、図１１ないし図１４に示すように、下降側に行くほど管路面積が狭くなるようにした。従って、頂上堰３０を越えて下降管路部２８に落ち込んだ洗浄水の末端管路部７４での貯め置きが促進されるので、洗浄水の貯め置き状況をより確実に起こすことができる。このため、上記したエア排出・封止によるサイホン作用の発生・継続の信頼性を高めることができる。つまりは、サイホン作用により汚物等の強制吸引を確実なものとして、汚物排出性能を高めることができる。
本実施例では、旋回のリードが相違する第１主流Ｓ１と第２主流Ｓ２とで旋回を起こしているので、旋回による押し込み効率は、後述の効果対比でも判るように、高まっている。よって、上記のようにエア残存状況下でサイホン作用の発生・継続を起こす様子は、Ｕ字管をサイホントラップ２０の適宜箇所、例えば内壁最上位部７０の近辺に接続し、便器洗浄開始からのＵ時間字管の液位推移を観察することで確認できる。図１８はエア残存状況下でサイホン作用の発生・継続を起こす様子を確認するためのＵ字管の設置状況を示す説明図、図１９はＵ字管の液位推移を表したグラフである。
図示するように、Ｕ字管９０の液位は、サイホン発生当初に正圧側に推移し、その後は、負圧となった。このことは、次のように考えることができる。つまり、本実施例では、洗浄初期の少量の洗浄水により下降管路部の一部を封止するので、洗浄開始当初に旋回による押し込みにより洗浄水がサイホントラップに押し込まれると、残存エアが圧縮を受けて管路内の圧力が高まったと説明できる。こうした正圧発生後に負圧が観察されたのは、サイホン発生により管路内洗浄水の強制吸引が起きたためと説明できる。よって、こうしたＵ字管の液位推移を起こす便器であれば、エア残存状況下での強い押し込み力による洗浄水押し込みと、その後のサイホン作用の発生並びに継続を起こすものであると考えられる。
なお、便器洗浄に用いる洗浄水流量を節水便器としての実効性の高い総流量（約６リットル）とした場合、単純に溜水旋回を起こすに過ぎない既存便器では、上記した正圧・負圧の推移状況は発現せず、洗浄開始当初から一貫して負圧現象が起きただけであった。
次に、本実施例における汚物排出効果について説明する。まず、洗浄水給水装置について説明する。本発明は、洗浄水給水についての構造的な制約を受けるものではないので、以下の説明では、ジェットポンプを利用した給水装置について説明するが、洗浄水タンクの貯め置く洗浄水の水頭圧にて給水を図るものについても当然に適用できる。図２０は大便器１０に洗浄水給水装置１００を組み込んだ状態を一部透視して示す斜視図、図２１はこの洗浄水給水装置１００の周辺を断面視して説明するための説明図である。
洗浄水給水装置１００は、便器後方の機器収納部１１に収納配設され、リム１４のリム導水路１６に洗浄水を給水する。この洗浄水給水装置１００は、図２１に詳しく示すように、洗浄水を貯留する洗浄水タンク１０８を有している。また、洗浄水給水装置１００は、止水弁１０９を介して水道配管と接続された配管１１０を備え、当該配管が二股状に分岐した分岐管１１０ａ、１１０ｂをタンク側壁を貫通して洗浄水タンク１０８内へ導き入れている。なお、洗浄水タンク１０８は、その上端が開放されており、タンク内の後述のボールタップ１１５やジェットポンプ１１３等の組み込み・保守の簡便化をもたらしている。
分岐管１１０ａは、タンク内管路にフラッシュバルブ１１１を備え、ジェットポンプ１１３への洗浄水（作動用水）通水管路とされている。フラッシュバルブ１１１は、便器洗浄時に操作されるハンドル１１１ａを備え、当該ハンドルの操作により管路を開いて、洗浄水をその下流に通水する。
フラッシュバルブ１１１の下流には、それ以降の洗浄水管路として、配管１１２と配管１１４とがジェットポンプ１１３を挟んで配管されている。配管１１２は、洗浄水タンク１０８の底部近傍まで下降し、下降端でタンク底部に沿って側方に屈曲した経路を採って配管されており、経路末端でジェットポンプ１１３と接続されている。ジェットポンプ１１３より下流の配管１１４は、ジェットポンプ噴出洗浄水を洗浄水給水路１８を経てリム導水路１６まで導く。
この配管１１４は、図２０に示すような経路を採って配管されており、ジェットポンプ１１３からタンク上端近傍にまで上方に延びた上昇管路部１１４ａと、側方に屈曲してタンク側壁から洗浄水タンク１０８外へ延びた水平管路部１１４ｂと、タンク外壁に沿って屈曲下降した下降管路部１１４ｃと、その下流端で洗浄水給水路１８に連通する連通管路部１１４ｄとを有する。この場合、水平管路部１１４ｂは、洗浄水タンク１０８が便器洗浄前のために洗浄水Ｗ２で満水とされている場合の満水水位ＷＳより高い位置を採るよう配管されており、管路途中にバキュームブレーカ１１４ｅを有する。従って、何らかの原因で大便器１０の側から洗浄水が逆流しようとしても、バキュームブレーカ１１４ｅによる管路の大気解放により、洗浄水タンク１０８への洗浄水逆流を容易且つ確実に防止できる。また、配管１１４の管路末端の連通管路部１１４ｄは、満水水位ＷＳより高い位置で洗浄水給水路１８の連結孔１９に水密に接続されている。
分岐管１１０ｂは、タンク内においてボールタップ１１５に接続されており、ボールタップ１１５の開閉に応じて洗浄水タンク１０８に洗浄水を給水補給する。ボールタップ１１５は、浮玉支持棒１１６の一端と接続され、支持棒他端は浮玉１１７に接続されている。浮玉１１７は、洗浄水タンク１０８の上部に取り付けられた小タンク１１８内に配設されている。小タンク１１８の上端は開放されている。小タンク１１８の底壁に小径の貫通穴１１８ａが形成されている。よって、小タンク１１８における洗浄水量（水位）により浮玉１１７が上下し、浮玉上下に連動してボールタップ１１５が開閉されるので、この開閉により洗浄水タンク１０８は所定の満水水位ＷＳに維持される。
ジェットポンプ１１３は、配管１１２から給水された洗浄水（水道水）を、対向配置する配管１１４に向けて噴出する。こうして噴射された洗浄水は、配管１１４下端のスロートに入り込み、その際に洗浄水タンク１０８内のタンク洗浄水をこのスロートに巻き込み流入させる。こうして、配管１１４からは、流速増速を受けた噴流水が洗浄水給水路１８を経てリム導水路１６に給水される。その後は、リム導水路１６の上記各吐水孔から洗浄水が既述したように吐出される。
なお、上記した洗浄水給水を行う際の水道水圧力（一次側圧力）は、便器洗浄に用いる洗浄水総量（約４．５〜６リットル）、ジェットポンプに供給される洗浄水流量（約１８〜２５リットル／ｍｉｎ）を考慮して定まり、約０．０９８ＭＰａ（約１ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ^２）程度という低い一次側給水圧力で済む。
給水停止については、次の通りである。便器ボール部１２内の溜水ＲＳが吸引されて便器ボール部１２が空になってサイホン作用が停止する頃に、洗浄水タンク１０８内の洗浄水Ｗ２の水位が、ジェットポンプ１１３のレベル以下となり、空気の吸込によりジェットポンプ１１３の流量増大作用が停止する。以降は、噴射ノズル１３１から吐出した水道水が配管１１４を通ってリム１４に至り、便器ボール部１２へ給水される。この結果、空になった便器ボール部１２に水道水が流入し、溜水ＲＳが頂上堰３０で定まる水位まで溜まる。
フラッシュバルブ１１１は、所定量の水道水を流すと自動的に閉じる。これにより、ジェットポンプ１１３への水道水の供給が停止し、ジェットポンプ１１３の作動が停止する。このフラッシュバルブ１１１の停止タイミング、即ち水道水給水停止のタイミングは、上記したように便器ボール部１２における溜水ＲＳが上記の水位となる頃を見計らって調整されている。このタイミング調整には、溜水水量やジェットポンプ１１３による流量増大程度、便器洗浄に用いる総洗浄水量等が考慮され、これらに基づいたタイミングで停止するようフラッシュバルブ１１１が設計・製造される。
ジェットポンプ１１３の作動により、洗浄水Ｗ２が洗浄水タンク１０８から排出されるので、洗浄水タンク１０８内の洗浄水Ｗ２の水位は低下する。洗浄水タンク１０８内の洗浄水Ｗ２の水位の低下に伴って、小タンク１１８内の洗浄水Ｗ２の水位も低下する。この場合、小タンク１１８内の洗浄水Ｗ２は、底壁に形成された小径の貫通穴１１８ａを通って徐々に洗浄水タンク１０８へ流入するので、小タンク１１８内の洗浄水Ｗ２の水位の低下速度は、洗浄水タンク１０８内の洗浄水Ｗ２の水位の低下速度に比べて小さい。従って、浮玉１１７は小さな下降速度で下降するので、ボールタップ１５は、ジェットポンプ１１３への洗浄水供給に遅れて開弁する。浮玉１１７の下降速度は、貫通穴１１８ａの洗浄水通過速度、即ち貫通穴径に依存することから、貫通穴径を調整することで、ボールタップ１１５の開弁タイミングを調整することができる。本実施例では、次のようにした。即ち、フラッシュバルブ１１１の閉弁を経てジェットポンプ１１３の作動が停止し大便器１０の洗浄が終了した頃に、浮玉１１７が所定レベルまで下降するよう貫通穴１１８ａの穴径を調整した。よって、便器洗浄の終了とほぼ同じ時期に、ボールタップ１１５が開弁して洗浄水タンク１０８への洗浄水の給水・補給を開始して、その後に、洗浄水タンク１０８を満水水位ＷＳの洗浄水Ｗ２の貯留状態とする。
次に、上記の洗浄水給水装置１００を組み込んだ大便器１０で得られる効果について説明する。対比する大便器は、既存のタンク式のサイホントラップ便器であり、管路面積がほぼ一様とされたサイホントラップを有し、便器ボール部への洗浄水の吐出により溜水の旋回を起こすものである。対比試験としては、汚物排出能力を示すものとして一般的な微粒残数試験とＰＰ（ポリプロピレン）ボール残数試験を行った。この場合、微粒残数試験は、粒径約４．５ｍｍの微粒子を約２５００個溜水に浮かべ、この状態で便器洗浄を行った。この試験では、微粒残数が１２５個以内であれば、汚物の排出能力があるとされる。ＰＰボール残数試験は、粒径約１９ｍｍのＰＰボールを１００個溜水に浮かべ、この状態で便器洗浄を行った。この試験では、ＰＰボール残数が２５個以内であれば、汚物の排出能力があるとされる。本実施例の大便器１０と上記の比較例便器について、洗浄水総量（目標値）を変えて上記試験を行った。図２２は本実施例の大便器１０と対比する大便器について、便器ボール部への給水、ボール部への流入、トラップからの洗浄水排出の各流量を対比して説明する説明図、図２３は本実施例の大便器１０と上記の比較例便器について行った評価試験の結果を示す説明図である。
この図２２、図２３から明らかなように、本実施例の大便器１０は、便器ボール部への給水流量、ボール部への流入流量並びにトラップからの洗浄水排出流量が対比大便器より少流量である拘わらず、評価試験の結果が格段に高まった。つまり、大便器１０によれば、節水の実効性効果が高いとされる現状洗浄水総量（約６リットル）で洗浄能力を格段に高めることができる。このことは、本実施例では、上記したサイホン作用が確実に起きているために、強い汚物・溜水吸引力が働いていると共に、第１主流Ｓ１と第２主流Ｓ２の略平行かつ同一回転方向への合流に基づく旋回流の押し込みが高い効率で働いているためといえる。よって、本実施例便器によれば、高い汚物排出能力を発揮できる。比較例便器であってもサイホン作用の発生は観察されたが、微粒残数試験での結果の相違から、サイホン作用の吸引力と旋回流による押し込み効率は、本実施例便器に勝るものではなかった。なお、ＰＰボール残数試験については、上記したように高い汚物排出能力を得ることができたことが確認されたので、実施を省略した。
次に、現状洗浄水総量よりも少ない水量（５リットル）について、微粒残数試験とＰＰボール残数試験を行ったところ、本実施例の大便器１０によれば、共に、比較例品便器より高い洗浄能力を発揮することができた。この結果についても、本実施例では、上記したサイホン作用が確実に起きているために、強い汚物・溜水吸引力が働いていると共に、第１主流Ｓ１と第２主流Ｓ２の略平行かつ同一回転方向への合流に基づく旋回流の押し込みが高い効率で働いているためといえる。特に、上記の５リットル（実質的には約４リットル）という少量の洗浄水給水でありながら、溜水中に残るＰＰボール数を低減できた。このことは、第１主流Ｓ１と第２主流Ｓ２の略平行かつ同一回転方向への合流に基づく旋回流の押し込みが高い効率で働いている結果であるといえる。
次に、旋回流の押し込み効率について比較した。つまり、実施例品便器・比較例品便器を、便器ボール部や溜水への洗浄水給水特性を変更することなくサイホントラップのない状態とし、旋回流の押し込み効率について比較した。なお、サイホントラップに替えて壁排水構成のＰ配管を上昇管路部２４の上端に接続した。図２４はサイホントラップのないものとした本実施例の便器を示す説明図、図２５は旋回流の押し込み効率についての実施例品と比較例品との比較結果を示す説明図である。比較試験は、ＰＰボール残数試験について行った。
図２４に示すように、旋回流押し込み効率を確かめるための大便器は、上記した実施例の大便器１０において、頂上堰３０以降の管路を除去し、サイホントラップ２０に替わって壁排水用の排水ソケット１７０を水密に装着したものである。こうすれば、サイホン作用は生じないので、図示する大便器１０では、旋回流の押し込み効率によってのみ汚物搬送能力が定まる。
図２５に示すように、本実施例の大便器１０によれば、比較例品便器より高い洗浄能力（ＰＰボールの押し込み効率）を発揮することができた。この結果についても、本実施例では、第１主流Ｓ１と第２主流Ｓ２の略平行かつ同一回転方向への合流に基づく旋回流の押し込みが高い効率で働いているためといえる。
このことは、上記したように旋回流を生じさせる大便器１０にあっては、旋回流による高い押し込み効率を得られるので、図２４に示すような排水ソケットを用いた壁排水仕様の大便器のようなサイホン作用を利用しない構造の便器において本実施例の旋回流を適用することで高い洗浄能力を得られることを意味する。なお、図２４に示したような壁排水仕様に限らず、湾曲した排水ソケットを用い床排水用配管に接続された場合にも本実施例の旋回流を適用することで高い洗浄能力を得ることができる。
本実施例では、上記のような高い洗浄能力を少流量の洗浄水供給により発揮できる。便器への洗浄水の供給水量を確認したところ、本実施例の大便器１０では洗浄水の供給水量は約７０リットル／ｍｉｎ、比較例品便器では約１５０リットル／ｍｉｎという結果であった。こうした少流量では、洗浄開始当初においてサイホントラップの残存エアをトラップ管路から追い出せないとして、既存便器では少流量化が採用されることはなかった。しかしながら、本発明では、残存エアの全部を洗浄開始当初には排出させないと云う新規な着想に基づき、少流量給水での高能力化を現実のものとできた。
既存の便器（比較例品）では、洗浄開始当初の残存エアの全部排出を図るため、溜水へは高い水勢、即ち大流量での洗浄水給水を行っていた。このため、洗浄水給水に伴う音や残存エアの排出に伴う音も大きかった。しかしながら、本実施例では、少流量での洗浄水給水で済むので、その分、上記の音が小さくなり、静寂性を高めることができた。集音測定器の結果によれば、本実施例の大便器１０では約５〜１０％の音の大きさの低減を図ることができた。なお、洗浄水総量を約４リットルとした場合、比較例品では約６６ｄｂであったのに対し、本実施例では約５９ｄｂとできた。洗浄水総量を約５リットルとした場合には、本実施例によれば、約６７ｄｂを約６３ｄｂとできた。
なお本発明の実施形態としては、前述した洗浄水給水装置１００に替えて水頭圧を利用した洗浄水給水とすることもできる。図２６は洗浄水貯留タンクを組み込んだ変形例の大便器１０を説明するための説明図である。
図示するように、この大便器１０では、機器収納部１１に洗浄水の貯留タンク装置１５０を収納し、タンク下面から給水管１５１を介して洗浄水給水路１８にタンク内の洗浄水を給水する。洗浄水給水路１８に給水された洗浄水は、既述したようにリム導水路１６に流れ込み、基部第１吐水孔４１等の各吐水孔から便器ボール部１２に吐出される。その後は、第１主流Ｓ１、第２主流Ｓ２の略平行かつ同一回転方向への合流による旋回流での洗浄水押し込み、並びに、サイホントラップ２０によるサイホン作用を起こす。よって、貯留タンク装置１５０を用いた大便器１０にあっても、上記した洗浄水総量の少量化等の効果を奏することができる。
この大便器１０では、溜水ＲＳに流し込む洗浄水流量は、貯留タンク装置１５０が貯留するタンク洗浄水の満水水位面で得られる水頭圧ｈで定まる。この大便器１０にあっても、洗浄開始当初においてトラップ内の全エアの排出を要しないので、少流量での洗浄水給水で済む。よって、貯留タンク装置１５０は、既述した約７０リットル／ｍｉｎの少流量給水が図れるだけの水頭圧ｈを確保できれば足りる。このため、貯留タンク装置１５０の高さを既存の洗浄タンク式の節水便器（節水目標約６リットル）に比して、約１／２〜２／３程度とすればよいので、洗浄水タンク式でありながら、ローシルエット化や意匠性の向上、デザイン自由度の向上を図ることができる。
次に、上記したように、頂上管路部２６の内壁最上位部７０でのエア残存や舌部７１の下面のエア溜まりを起こした状況であっても、少流量での洗浄水給水によりサイホン作用の発生・継続を起こす大便器１０の製造工程について説明する。図２７は大便器１０を製造する際の素地状態を説明するための説明図である。
図示するように、大便器１０は、その焼成前の素地状態では、便器ボール部１２やボール底部１３とこれらを支える便器本体ＢＨと機器収納部１１を含む便器本体素地ＢＫと、頂上管路部２６の上半部分の頂上管路部素地ＴＫと、リム１４とこれに続く機器収納部１１の前方側壁面を含むリム素地ＲＫと、末端管路部７４となる末端管路素地ＭＫとされている。この場合、頂上管路部素地ＴＫは、図２、図３等に示す頂上管路部２６の湾曲管路のうち、頂上堰３０と対向する管路壁面となる壁面部位であって上昇管路部２４の連結部、即ち、上昇管路部２４と便器ボール部１２を区画する後方傾斜部６３との接合箇所から、下降管路部２８との連結部までの所定範囲の壁面部位の素地とされている。そして、大便器１０は、これら各素地を別々に予め型成形しておき、各素地を後述するように接合して焼成して製造される。
図２８は末端管路素地ＭＫの型成形の様子を説明する説明図、図２９は末端管路部をサイホントラップ管路を含む便器素地と共に成形した場合の成形の様子を対比のために示す説明図である。
図２８に示すように、雌型２００と雄型２１０とを用いる。この両型は多孔質部材から形成された吸引型であり、それぞれの型面に泥漿を堆積させる。雌型２００は、筒状の有底凹部２０１を中央に有し、型合わせ用の異形凹所２０２を上面縁部に有する。雄型２１０は、上面から略長円形の形状で突出した凸部２１１と、この凸部の一方の端側で円形形状で突出した先端凸部２１２とを有し、上面縁部には、雌型２００の異形凹所２０２に嵌合する異形凸部２１３を有する。
この両型を、有底凹部２０１に先端凸部２１２が入り込むよう型合わせすると、図２８（ｂ）とそのｘ−ｘ線断面の図２８（ｃ）に示すように、有底凹部２０１と凸部２１１の型面の間にキャビティＭＫＫが形成される。
次いで、キャビティＭＫＫに図示しない注入口から泥漿を流し込み、各型の吸引を経て、各型の型面に泥漿を堆積してこれを着肉させる。この際、キャビティＭＫＫは、各型の型面に接した部分は約１０ｍｍ程度の厚みの着肉泥漿で埋められ、残りの部分には流動状の泥漿が残る。この流動状の泥漿を図示しない排泥孔より外部に排出した後、乾燥を行ってキャビティの着肉泥漿から水分を取り除く。これにより、いわゆる土締まりが完了するので、上記の両型を型抜きする。そうすると、焼成前の末端管路部７４に相当する円筒カップ状の末端管路素地ＭＫが完成する。この場合、上記のキャビティにおいて先端凸部２１２の先端面は有底凹部２０１の底面に接合していることから、末端管路素地ＭＫは、その底面に、先端凸部２１２の外径形状に倣った円形の貫通孔７４ｍｋを有する。この末端管路素地ＭＫにおいては、その外壁形状は有底凹部２０１の内壁形状に倣った円筒形状となり、内壁形状は凸部２１１の外壁形状に倣った略長円形の形状となる。つまり、内外壁形状を異なるものとできる。なお、末端管路素地ＭＫにおける貫通孔７８ｍｋは、焼成後において貫通孔７８となり、この貫通孔７８ｍｋを除く底部分は最下端棚部８０となる。
ところで、末端管路部をサイホントラップ管路を含む便器素地と共に成形する場合は、図２９（ａ）に示すように、便器素地成型用の左右の側型２１５、２１６が用いられる。そうすると、末端管路部に該当する素地部分では、泥漿の堆積着肉がいわゆる一重となるので、当該素地部分の内壁形状は、型形状が反映した外壁形状に倣った形状（円形形状）とならざるを得ず、上記したように内外壁形状を異なるものとはできない。
図３０は頂上管路部素地ＴＫの型成形に用いる型を説明する説明図、図３１はこの頂上管路部素地ＴＫの型成形の様子を説明する説明図である。
図３０に示すように、頂上管路部素地ＴＫの成形には、上型２２０と下型２３０とを用いる。この上下の両型にあっても多孔質部材からなる吸引型であり、それぞれの型面に泥漿を堆積させる。上型２２０は、頂上管路部２６における上記した壁面部位に相当する頂上管路部素地ＴＫの外壁形状を規定する形状で陥没形成された凹部２２１を有し、その左右縁部に型合わせ用の異形凹所２２２を有する。下型２３０は、頂上管路部素地ＴＫの内壁形状を規定する形状で突出形成された凸部２３１を有し、その左右縁部には、上型２２０の異形凹所２２２に嵌合する異形凸部２２３を有する。
この両型を、凹部２２１に凸部２３１が対向するよう型合わせすると、図３１に示すように、凹部２２１と凸部２３１との型面の間にキャビティＴＫＫが形成される。
次いで、キャビティＴＫＫに図示しない注入口から泥漿を流し込み、各型の吸引を経た型面への泥漿の堆積着肉、排泥、乾燥を行う。この乾燥により、キャビティではいわゆる土締まりが完了するので、その後に上記の両型を型抜きする。そうすると、焼成前の上記の壁面部位に相当する頂上管路部素地ＴＫが完成する。このようにして成形される頂上管路部素地ＴＫは、上記の上下の型における凹部・凸部の型面形状によりその内外壁形状が規定されるので、この内外壁形状を多様なものとでき、設計の自由度が高まる。また、頂上管路部素地ＴＫの内外壁面は、型面に密着して堆積着肉した側の素地面とできることから、不用意な凹凸のない壁面となる。
図３２はリム素地ＲＫの型成形の様子を説明する説明図である。
図示するように、リム素地ＲＫの成形には、上型２４０と下型２４２とを用いる。この上下の両型にあっても多孔質部材からなる吸引型であり、それぞれの型面に泥漿を堆積させる。上型２４０は、リム１４の上半部分とリム１４に続く機器収納部１１の前方側壁面並びにリム開口部周壁を含む部位の外壁形状を規定する形状の型面を有する。下型２４２は、リム１４の下半部分と上記の前方側壁面並びにリム開口部底面周壁を含む部位の外壁形状を規定する形状の型面を有する。そして、両型が型合わせされると、両型の型面の間にキャビティＲＫＫが形成されるので、このキャビティＲＫＫに図示しない注入口から泥漿を流し込み、各型の吸引を経た型面への泥漿の堆積着肉、排泥、乾燥を行う。この場合、上記のキャビティＲＫＫでは、上下の型の型面に一重で泥漿が堆積着肉し、この状態での乾燥により、キャビティでは土締まりが完了する。よって、その後に上記の両型を型抜きすると共に、型抜き後の素地に、既述した基部第１吐水孔４１や左方中央部吐水孔４３等の各吐水孔の他、連結孔１９などを穿孔形成する。そうすると、焼成前のリム１４に該当するリム素地ＲＫが完成する。
図３３は便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形の様子を説明する説明図、図３４はこの便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形に用いる底型２５０の概略斜視図、図３５は図３４における３４−３４線の断面の様子を示す説明図、図３６は便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形に用いるボール中型２６０の概略斜視図、図３７は便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形に用いる割型２７０の概略斜視図、図３８は便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形に用いる一方の側型２８０の概略斜視図、図３９は大便器１０における機器収納部１１周辺での便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形の様子とこれに用いるインサイド割型を示す説明図である。
図３３に示すように、便器本体素地ＢＫの成形に当たっては、まず、型成形台上（図示省略）に後述するボール中型２６０をボール凸部２６３が上向きとなるように倒立して載置する。次いで、このボール中型２６０を取り囲むように、便器左右の側型２８０を型合わせする。このときボール中型２６０には割型２７０が後述のように組み込まれている。その後、底型２５０を、側型２８０の型上縁に載るよう型合わせする。こうすることで、各型の型面で図３３に示すキャビティＢＫＫが倒立した状態で形成される。なお、各型は多孔質材から形成された吸引型であり、吸引により泥漿を型面に密着堆積させて、泥漿の着肉を起こすようにされている。また、各型には、型合わせに用いる異形凹部や凸部が形成されている。
このキャビティＢＫＫは、便器ボール部１２やボール底部１３とこれらを支える便器本体ＢＨと機器収納部１１とを含み、頂上管路部素地ＴＫを除いたサイホントラップ２０の管路を含む便器本体素地ＢＫの形成のためのものであることから、次のように分けられる。つまり、キャビティＢＫＫは、図示するように、便器前方と便器左右では、ボール中型２６０と底型２５０の型面で囲まれたキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ２と、割型２７０と底型２５０の型面で囲まれたキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ３と、底型２５０と側型２８０並びにボール中型２６０の型面で囲まれたキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ４と、ボール中型２６０と割型２７０の型面で囲まれたキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ５に分けられる。なお、キャビティ部位ＢＫＫ５は、図３３の紙面における表裏方向にまで延びており、キャビティ部位ＢＫＫ２と連続する。キャビティ部位ＢＫＫ４にあっても紙面表裏方向に延び、キャビティ部位ＢＫＫ２と連続する。
こうしたキャビティＢＫＫを形成するための底型２５０は、図３４、図３５に示すように、型合わせ部分となる底面部２５１を有し、その上面に、凸部２５２を有する。この凸部２５２は、サイホントラップ２０の管路外壁形成用の凸部位２５３と機器収納部１１の下部壁形成用の凸部位２５４を有し、凸部位２５３にはトラップ凹部２５５を有する。トラップ凹部２５５は、サイホントラップ２０のうちの下降管路部２８の外郭壁形状に適合するほか、便器ボール部１２におけるボール底部１３の下面側外郭形状と、便器ボール部１２の下方部位の下面側外郭形状と、便器本体ＢＨにおける下面側脚部ＢＨＫ（図２７参照）の下面側や底部側の外壁形状とに適合して、これら形状を規定するよう陥没形成されている。この場合、下降管路部２８は、図１１に示すように、下方ほど狭くなるテーパ状とされているので、トラップ凹部２５５にあっても、下降管路部２８に該当する個所では、図３５に示すように、テーパ状とされている。
凸部位２５４にあっては、上記したキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ４の一部を形成するよう、その上面形状が機器収納部１１の下部壁の下面側外郭形状に適合するよう形成されている。なお、機器収納部１１の下部壁に当たる素地は、この凸部位２５４と後述の側型２８０並びにボール中型２６０によって、その全域が形成される。
図３６に示すように、ボール中型２６０は、その上端に、後述の左右の側型２８０の上縁との型合わせ部分となる上部上縁部２６１と、既述したリム素地ＲＫとの繋ぎ部位を形成するための下部上縁部２６２とを備える。そして、ボール中型２６０は、下部上縁部下面に、ボール凸部２６３と後部凸部２６４とを有する。
ボール凸部２６３は、その下端に、ボール底部１３の内周壁形状を規定するよう凸形状に形成された下端凸部２６５を備える。この下端凸部２６５は、上昇管路部２４のトラップ入口２２（図２、図３参照）の開口形状に適合して形成された端部切欠部２６６を有する。
この下端凸部２６５を除くボール凸部２６３の凸形状は、便器ボール部１２の内周壁形状全域、詳しくは、図２や図３等に示す上縁周壁５５や、傾斜部６０、傾斜部６１、下端棚部６２並びに後方傾斜部６３の内周壁形状に適合してこれら形状を規定するよう形成されている。
後部凸部２６４は、ボール凸部２６３と対向する側に、後述する割型２７０を挿入組み付けするための挿入凹所２６８を有する。そして、この後部凸部２６４は、上記したキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ４の一部を形成するよう、その下端面と後部端面（図における左方端面）を、機器収納部１１の下部壁並びに後部壁の内面側外郭形状に適合させている。
図３７に示すように、割型２７０は、上記したボール中型２６０における挿入凹所２６８に入り込む挿入部位２７１と、管路形成用凸部２７２とを二股状に接合して備える。この場合、挿入部位２７１と挿入凹所２６８の関係は、次のようになっている。つまり、挿入部位２７１を挿入凹所２６８に挿入させて割型２７０を倒立したボール中型２６０に組み込んだ状態においてがたつきがなくキャビティを形成でき、かつ後述する型抜き作業時にボール中型２６０と割型２７０が独立して型抜きできるよう挿入部位２７１と挿入凹所２６８は、その寸法・形状の調整を受けている。
また、この割型２７０にはトラップ開口成型用の付属型２７３が付属しており、双方の型に埋設された図示なきマグネットにより、管路形成用凸部２７２の下端側側面に付属型２７３が磁力密着されている。こうして割型２７０に磁力密着された付属型２７３は、型合せの完成状態においてボール中型２６０における下端凸部２６５の端部切欠部２６６にスキなく接合する。また、割型２７０は、この状態おいて、管路形成用凸部２７２とこれに対向するボール凸部２６３との間にスキを残し、このスキを上記したキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ５とする。
管路形成用凸部２７２は、サイホントラップ２０における上昇管路部２４の管路内壁形状に適合して当該内壁形状を規定するよう形成されている。また、この管路形成用凸部２７２と挿入部位２７１の又状連結部２７４は、頂上管路部２６が有する頂上堰３０と舌部７１の管路側壁面形状に適合してこれら形状を規定するよう形成されている。なお、挿入部位２７１の図における下端面部位２７５は、樹脂等により被覆されており、当該領域に泥漿が着肉しないようにされている。この下端面部位２７５を樹脂被覆しない場合は、当該部位に着肉した泥漿を、型抜き後に切り欠くようにすればよい。
図３８に示すように、側型２８０は、左右の側型同士の型合わせ部分となる便器前方側縁部２８１と、便器後方側縁部２８２と、底型２５０との型合わせ部分となる底縁部２８３と、底型２５０の凸部位２５４の側面との型合わせ部分となる下端側縁部２８４とを有する。そして、側型２８０は、これら縁部で囲まれた部位を、外周凹部２８５とする。この外周凹部２８５は、機器収納部１１を含む便器本体ＢＨの外壁形状に適合して当該形状を規定するよう形成されている。
これらの底型２５０ないし側型２８０を図３３に示すように型合わせすると、既述したキャビティＢＫＫが各型面にて形成される。この場合、機器収納部１１を形成するための便器後部部位では、図３９に示すように、側型２８０とボール中型２６０の後部凸部２６４との間に、適正なキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ４を機器収納部１１の周壁形状に倣って形成すべく、インサイド割型２９０〜２９３が組み込まれる。
こうして上記の各型とその型合わせにより便器本体素地ＢＫ形成用のキャビティＢＫＫが形成されると、このキャビティＢＫＫに図示しない注入口から泥漿を流し込み、各型の吸引を経た型面への泥漿の堆積着肉、排泥、乾燥を行う。この場合、上記のキャビティＢＫＫにおけるキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ１とキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ３では、それぞれの型の型面に一重で泥漿が堆積着肉し、その他のキャブ部位では、対向する型面間が泥漿で埋められた状態のいわゆる二重の着肉となる。そして、上記の乾燥により、キャビティでは土締まりが完了し、キャビティＢＫＫで便器本体素地ＢＫができ上がる。
ここで各キャビティ部位と素地との対応について説明する。
キャビティ部位ＢＫＫ１では、便器ボール部１２の内周壁領域のうち、便器ボール部１２上縁の上縁周壁５５と傾斜部６０の全域、並びに傾斜部６１のほぼ全域の素地の他、便器本体ＢＨにおける下面側脚部ＢＨＫや便器本体前方からその左右側壁に亘る部位の素地が形成される。キャビティ部位ＢＫＫ２では、傾斜部６１と下端棚部６２の繋ぎ部分や、下端棚部６２とボール底部１３の全領域の素地が形成される。キャビティ部位ＢＫＫ３では、サイホントラップ２０における上昇管路部２４の下端側管路壁（下降管路部２８との区画壁）とこれに連続する頂上堰３０と舌部７１の他、下降管路部２８の湾曲管路部７２、中間管路部７３の管路と、この管路における上部管路棚部７５や下部管路棚部７７並びに外周壁部７６を含む素地が形成される。キャビティ部位ＢＫＫ４では、機器収納部１１を取り囲む便器壁面に亘る素地が、キャビティ部位ＢＫＫ５では、便器ボール部１２と上昇管路部２４を区画する後方傾斜部６３の全域と上記の便器ボール部内周壁に繋がる部位の素地がそれぞれ形成される。
こうして乾燥を経た土締まりの完了後は、上記の各型を型抜きする。まず、最上部にセットされている底型２５０を持ち上げて脱型し、脱型後の素地における下降管路部２８の下端に、図３５に示すように貫通孔７７ｍｋをあける。なお、この貫通孔７７ｍｋ周囲下端壁部位が図２等に示す下部管路棚部７７となる。次に脱型された部分の素地を支えるための受け板を底型２５０の代わりにセットして、型全体を転回し成形された便器本体素地ＢＫを正規の向きにもどす。次に、転回により上部に位置するボール中型２６０を持ち上げる。この場合、割型２７０は、キャビティ部位ＢＫＫ５で土締まりした素地で上方向に対しては若干の拘束力を受けることから、既述した挿入部位２７１と挿入凹所２６８の関係（寸法・形状調整）により、ボール中型２６０は、単独で持ち上がる。
ボール中型２６０の脱型の後、割型２７０を、図３３の図示形状を反転させた姿勢における斜め上部後方に向けて持ち上げ、これを型抜きする。この際に割型２７０に磁力密着している付属型２７３はキャビティ部位ＢＫＫ５で土締まりした素地で斜め上部方向に対してさらに若干の拘束力を受けることから、割型２７０は磁力密着力に抗して付属型２７３を伴わずに脱型され、その後に付属型２７３を脱型すると、トラップ開口が精度良く形成される。その後は、インサイド割型２９０〜２９３の型抜きを行った段階で、焼成前の便器本体ＢＨに該当する便器本体素地ＢＫが完成されているので、ここで先に形成された大便器１０の製造に必要な総ての素地、即ち、頂上管路部素地ＴＫと、リム素地ＲＫと、末端管路素地ＭＫと、便器本体素地ＢＫを次のようにして一体化する。
まず、便器本体素地ＢＫに頂上管路部素地ＴＫと末端管路素地ＭＫを接合する。頂上管路部素地ＴＫの接合に際しては、図２７に示すように、便器本体素地ＢＫのうちの上昇管路部２４と下降管路部２８を繋げてサイホントラップ２０の管路を塞ぐようにする。又、末端管路素地ＭＫの接合に際しては、大便器１０の出荷先の排水口状況やラフィンの状況に併せて、下降管路部２８との位置合わせを行う。例えば、焼成後の末端管路部７４が便器設置に伴い排水口に挿入できるような位置としたりする。なお、末端管路素地ＭＫの接合については、後述する。次いで、便器本体素地ＢＫの上縁にリム素地ＲＫを接合させ、その後便器本体素地ＢＫを支えていた左右の側型２８０を取り除く。このようにして得られた大便器１０の素地は、乾燥を経た後所定の焼成条件で、素地焼成を行い、大便器１０完成させる。なお、焼成後には、洗浄水給水装置１００の組み込みを行う。図２６に示すタンク式のものでは、給水管１５１や貯留タンク装置１５０を組み込む。
以上説明したように、サイホン作用の発生・継続を従来にない少流量での洗浄水給水で起こす特徴がある大便器１０の製造に当たり、焼成前の素地状態では、サイホントラップ２０の頂上管路部２６の湾曲管路では、頂上堰３０と対向する管路壁面となる壁面部位の頂上管路部素地ＴＫが、上昇管路部２４の連結部から下降管路部２８との連結部までの間に亘って存在しない状態とする。よって、上昇管路部２４の内壁や頂上堰３０並びに舌部７１を形成するための割型２７０をボール中型２６０に組み込むことで、便器本体素地ＢＫを形成できる。このため、割型２７０の型面に密着堆積した側の素地面を、上昇管路部２４の内壁面や頂上堰３０並びに舌部７１の壁面とできることから、これら部位を凹凸のない内壁を有するものとできるほか、既存の型成形では、形成不可であった管路内突出部位（舌部７１）を有するような頂上堰３０とできる。
こうした上昇管路部２４や頂上堰３０形成のための割型２７０については、ボール中型２６０の挿入凹所２６８への組み込みが必要であるという制約を受けるものの、型形状については自由度が高まるので、サイホントラップ管路形状を多様化できる。よって、本実施例の製造方法によれば、サイホントラップ管路形状が多様化した大便器を容易に製造できる。しかも、割型２７０の付属型２７３とボール中型２６０の下端凸部２６５とを接合させて、当該箇所をトラップ入口２２の開口箇所とし、トラップ入口２２を高い寸法精度で形成することができる。
また、割型２７０および付属型２７３により、頂上堰３０とトラップ入口２２の形状を規定するので、これらの形状に依存する、ボール部溜水の封水高さ（頂上堰３０とトラップ入口２２上端との高低差に等しい）を精度良く得ることができる。
ちなみにこの封水高さは、排水管からの小動物や汚臭の逆流を防ぐためのトラップ性能を規定するものであり、一定以上の高さが必要である。しかし、これがあまり大きすぎると、ボール部溜水に浮遊する汚物がトラップ入口に到達するまでの移動距離が大きくなり、汚物の排出性能が低下する。よって、これら機能確保のためは、封水高さを適切な範囲の値とすることが必要であるので、この封水高を高精度にできる点においても、本発明の大便器およびその製造方法は、他にない利点を有するものである。
また、排水口に挿入される末端管路部７４を素地状態で別体としたので、焼成後のこの末端管路部７４を含む便器全体が陶器製でありながら、この大便器１０の設置に際して、末端管路部７４を排水口に挿入させるようにすることができる。よって、ソケット等の事前設置や、ソケット製造のための工程・設備管理が不要となり、コスト的に有利である。また、末端管路部７４が排水口に挿入配設可能であることから、この末端管路部７４を有するサイホントラップ２０を陶器のまま排水口仕様に適合できる。加えて、この末端管路部７４を、雌型２００と雄型２１０で型形成して、その外壁形状を排水口挿入に都合のよい円筒形としつつ、内壁形状を既述したように綿棒等の好適な排出やサイホン作用発生のための洗浄水貯め置きに適した楕円形状といったようにすることができる。よって、大便器１０自体の付加価値を、高めることができる。
次に、他の実施例について説明する。この実施例では、大流量での洗浄水給水によるサイホン作用発生を行うものであり、サイホントラップの管路形状に既存のものとほぼ同じである。図４０は、他の実施例の大便器３００を説明するための説明図である。
図示するように、この大便器３００は、単純に湾曲したサイホントラップ２０Ａを有し、その上昇管路部２４Ａをトラップ入口２２Ａを介して便器ボール部１２Ａに臨ませている。なお、リム１４については、既述した大便器１０とその形状において同様としたが、リムからの洗浄水給水は、約１００〜１５０リットル／ｍｉｎ程度といった大流量でのものを想定している。
この大便器３００のサイホントラップ２０Ａは、大便器１０と同様、トラップ入口２２Ａから便器後方側に斜め上方に向けた管路を形成する上昇管路部２４Ａと、上昇管路部２４Ａの上端に連結して下方に向けて湾曲した頂上管路部２６Ａと、頂上管路部２６Ａに連結して下降する下降管路部２８Ａとを有する。しかしながら、上記の大流量での洗浄水給水を前提とするので、頂上管路部２６Ａには便器ボール部１２Ａの溜水水位を規定する湾曲凸状の頂上堰３０Ａを有するにすぎず、上記各管路はほぼ同一の管路断面形状とされている。そして、この大便器３００にあっても、下降管路部２８Ａの末端部分は、素地の状態では、リム１４と便器本体ＢＨ並びにサイホントラップ２０Ａを含む便器本体素地ＢＫＡとは別体の末端管路素地ＭＫとされている。この末端管路素地ＭＫは、大便器１０の場合と同様に、素地焼成に先立って便器本体素地ＢＫＡの下降管路部２８Ａ末端に接合される。なお、便器本体素地ＢＫＡは、底型・左右の側型・ボール中型で、サイホントラップ２０Ａ部分を一体のまま素地成形され、リム１４のリム素地ＲＫは便器本体素地ＢＫと別体とされている。
この実施例であっても、排水口に挿入される末端管路部７４を素地状態で別体としたので、既述した末端管路部７４に関しての上記効果を奏することができる。
次に、末端管路素地ＭＫの接合について説明する。上記した実施例では、末端管路部７４を素地状態で別体としておき、焼成後の末端管路部７４が排水口に挿入可能とした。この場合、末端管路部７４の下端を便器底面より控えた高さとする際には、排水口をトイレ床面から立ち上げればよい。そして、床面から立ち上がった排水口とこれに挿入された末端管路部７４の間に、適宜なシール部材（パッキン等）を配設すれば、排水漏洩をより確実に回避できる。こうしたものの他、次のようにすることもできる。図４１は種々のラフィンへの対応の様子を説明する説明図、図４２は末端管路部７４と排水口との繋ぎの様子を説明する説明図である。
ラフィンは、日本ではその多くが約２００ｍｍ程度とされており、アメリカでは約３０５ｍｍ、中国では約３０５ｍｍや４０５ｍｍ、台湾では約４０５ｍｍというように、国や地域によって相違する。上記の実施例では、ラフィンが約２００ｍｍの日本の場合を想定して説明したが、異なるラフィン対応には、次のようにした。図４１（ａ）はラフィン２００対応の様子を、図４１（ｂ）はラフィン３０５対応の様子を、図４１（ｃ）はラフィン４０５対応の様子を示している。なお、これらに示すように、ラフィンＲｆが相違すれば、便器後端から末端管路部７４（詳しくはその通水孔センター位置）までの間の距離Ｂｒｆも異なり、この距離ＢｒｆはラフィンＲｆに応じて定まる。
この図４１に示すように、ラフィンＲｆが狭ければ、末端管路素地ＭＫは便器後端側によった位置に接合されて、便器本体素地ＢＫと共に焼成される。そして、ラフィンＲｆが広くなるに従って末端管路素地ＭＫを便器ボール側にずれた位置に接合させ、便器本体素地ＢＫと共に焼成する。つまり、ラフィンＲｆに応じて、末端管路素地ＭＫの接合位置を調整する。この調整は、ラフィンＲｆに応じて定まる上記の距離Ｂｒｆを図りながら行う。また、ラフィンＲｆ４０５の場合のように、便器ボール側にのずれ量が大きい場合は、下降管路部２８下端の通水孔を覆うことができるよう、末端管路素地ＭＫ（末端管路部７４）についても、その形状を大きなものとする。つまり、ラフィンＲｆに併せて末端管路素地ＭＫ（末端管路部７４）の形状が相違するものを複数用意しておき、便器設置地域のラフィン実状に併せて末端管路素地ＭＫの接合位置を便器製造の段階で行うのである。こうすれば、便器本体素地ＢＫを共通化しておくこと、即ち型サイズが大きくてその製造や保管等の管理が煩雑な便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形用の型を共通化できる。このため、小さな素地部品である末端管路素地ＭＫの製造に必要な型（図２８参照）を準備すればよいので、型製造やその管理コストの低減を図ることができる。しかも、末端管路素地ＭＫの接合、その後の焼成を経て得られた便器は、排水口仕様の一つであるラフィンへの適合を、陶器製便器自体で図ることができる。
なお、図４１（ｃ）にしめすように末端管路素地ＭＫ（末端管路部７４）が大きなものとなった場合には、この管路部は排水口に挿入できないが、次のようにすればよい。即ち、末端管路部７４の下面で排水口を取り囲む環状シール部材を押圧するようにして、排水口周りをシールするようにすれば、排水漏れを起こすことなく排水口に洗浄水を排水できる。
次に、末端管路部７４を床から立ち上がった排水口に挿入するのではなく、ほぼ床面までとされた排水口と末端管路部７４との繋ぎの様子について説明する。図４２（ａ）に示すように、第１の手法は、床面までの排水口ＨＳに排水コネクタＨＳＣを配置する。この排水コネクタＨＳＣは、直管状をなし、その上半分の把持部ＵＰで末端管路部７４を把持しつつシールを図る。また、この排水コネクタＨＳＣは、その下半分の挿入部ＤＰを排水口ＨＳに入り込ませて排水シールを図る。このようにすれば、排水口ＨＳに対向した末端管路部７４を、排水コネクタＨＳＣを介して排水口ＨＳに繋がることができ、排水シールも確保できる。そして、この排水ソケットＨＳＣは、把持部ＵＰと挿入部ＤＰを単純に繋げた直管状であり、その形状は統一されることから、便器設置に際して間違えることもなく、その取扱も簡便となる。
第２の手法は、図４２（ｂ）に示すように、末端管路部７４を、下端近傍周壁に、円盤状のフランジ７４ｆを有するものとする。こうした形状の末端管路部７４の製造には、図２８に示した雌型２００を上下分割可能なものとし、その分割型面に、フランジ７４ｆ形成のためのキャビティを形成するようにすればよい。そして、便器設置に先立ち、排水口ＨＳに、上端にフランジを有する排水フランジＨＳＦを挿入しておき、末端管路部７４のフランジ７４ｆと排水フランジＨＳＦのフランジ部との間に、環状シール部材（いわゆるＰシール）を配置する。そして、末端管路部７４のフランジ７４ｆでＰシールを押圧して排水口ＨＳの周りをシールして、排水漏れを回避するようにできる。こうすれば、排水口ＨＳとの繋ぎや排水漏れ回避を末端管路部７４自体で行うことができ、屈曲等したソケット等を必要としないので簡便である。
以上本発明の実施例について説明したが、本発明は上記の実施例や実施形態になんら限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々なる態様で実施し得ることは勿論である。
例えば、上記した実施例では、第１主流Ｓ１を生成するに当たり、基部第１吐水孔４１からの吐出洗浄水と基部第２吐水孔４２からの吐出洗浄水を合流させたが、長孔形状の単一の吐水孔からの吐出洗浄水を第１主流Ｓ１とすることもできる。
また、図２や図２６等で示す大便器１０において、図４３に示すように頂上管路部２６を上昇管路部２４と同程度の管路面積のものとし、上昇管路部２４を上昇する洗浄水により頂上管路部３０のエアが押されて頂上管路部以降の管路に流れ込むものとすることもできる。こうしても、上記した下降管路部２８の管路構成を有することで、舌部７１下方でのエア封止を介して、上昇エアによる水柱の分断、引いてはサイホン作用の消失を起こさない。よって、上記実施例と同様の効果を奏することができる。
また、図４４に示すように、リム１４に便器左側後方の第１吐水孔４１ａと便器右側前方の第２吐水孔４３ａとを設け、この両吐水孔を便器水平面視において溜水ＲＳの中央を中心に対角の位置とする。そして、この両吐水孔から洗浄水を吐出すると、第１主流Ｓ１と第２主流Ｓ２は、図示するように溜水ＲＳを挟んで略平行な関係を採って溜水ＲＳに合流し、両主流の合流によって溜水ＲＳに同一回転方向の旋回流が発生する。よって、この変形例であっても、既述した大便器１０と同様の利点がある。なお、第２吐水孔４３ａにはリム導水路１６を用いて洗浄水を導くようにしたり、ホース４３ｂを用いて洗浄水を導くようにすればよい。また、この第２吐水孔４３ａからの第２主流Ｓ２を安定させるために、当該吐水孔としてノズルを設置するようにしてもよい。
産業上の利用可能性
本発明は、給水された洗浄水を便器ボール部に吐出して便器洗浄を図る大便器と、サイホントラップを有するこうした大便器の製造方法に利用可能性がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
図１は、実施例の大便器１０をその上面を破断して説明するための説明図である。
図２は、図１の大便器１０を前後方向の中央線に沿って左方に断面視して示す説明図である。
図３は、同じく右方に断面視して示す説明図である。
図４は、図２に示すリムの左方中央部吐水孔４３付近を一部破断して説明するための説明図である。
図５は、基部第１吐水孔４１と基部第２吐水孔４２とから吐出された洗浄水の挙動を説明する説明図である。
図６は、左方中央部吐水孔４３と第１矯正用吐水孔４５、リム前端側吐水孔４４、第２矯正用吐水孔４８および右中央部吐水孔４７からの洗浄水吐出を説明する説明図であり、図６（ａ）は各吐水孔から単独で洗浄水吐出を行ったと仮定した場合の洗浄水の挙動を説明する説明図、図６（ｂ）は各吐水孔からの洗浄水吐出により起きる洗浄水の挙動を説明する説明図である。
図７は、総ての吐水孔からの洗浄水吐出により起きる洗浄水の挙動を模式的に説明する説明図である。
図８は、この洗浄水挙動を起こす各主流Ｓ１、Ｓ２が溜水ＲＳに個別に合流することを仮想した際の様子を模式的に説明する説明図である。
図９は、両主流Ｓ１、Ｓ２が同時に溜水ＲＳに合流した際の溜水における旋回の挙動を模式的に説明する説明図である。
図１０は、大便器１０を第２主流Ｓ２の溜水合流付近である図１の１０−１０線で断面視して示す説明図である。
図１１は、サイホントラップ２０の管路構成を説明するために管路を図３の１１−１１線に沿って断面視した説明図である。
図１２は、下降管路部２８を図３および図１１の１２−１２線に沿って断面視した説明図である。
図１３は、下降管路部２８を図３および図１１の１３−１３線に沿って断面視した説明図である。
図１４は、下降管路部２８を図３および図１１の１４−１４線に沿って断面視した説明図である。
図１５は、洗浄開始初期における洗浄水の挙動を説明するための説明図である。
図１６は、洗浄水が末端管路部７４で貯め置かれる様子を説明する説明図である。
図１７は、サイホン作用の発生の状況を説明する説明図である。
図１８は、エア残存状況下でサイホン作用の発生・継続を起こす様子を確認するためのＵ字管の設置状況を示す説明図である。
図１９は、Ｕ字管の液位推移を表したグラフである。
図２０は、大便器１０に洗浄水給水装置１００を組み込んだ状態を一部透視して示す斜視図である。
図２１は、この洗浄水給水装置１００の周辺を断面視して説明するための説明図である。
図２２は、本実施例の大便器１０と対比する大便器について、便器ボール部への給水、ボール部への流入、トラップからの洗浄水排出の各流量を対比して説明する説明図である。
図２３は、本実施例の大便器１０と比較例便器について行った評価試験の結果を示す説明図である。
図２４は、サイホントラップのないものとした本実施例の便器を示す説明図である。
図２５は、旋回流の押し込み効率についての実施例品と比較例品との比較結果を示す説明図である。
図２６は、洗浄水貯留タンクを組み込んだ変形例の大便器１０を説明するための説明図である。
図２７は、大便器１０を製造する際の素地状態を説明するための説明図である。
図２８は、末端管路素地ＭＫの型成形の様子を説明する説明図であり、図２８（ａ）は、型合わせ前の雌型２００と雄型２１０の様子を説明する説明図、図２８（ｂ）は、この両型を型合わせした場合のキャビティＭＫＫの様子を説明する説明図、図２８（ｃ）は、図２８（ｂ）をｘ−ｘ線で断面視してキャビティＭＫＫの様子を説明する説明図である。
図２９は、末端管路部をサイホントラップ管路を含む便器素地と共に成形した場合の成形の様子を対比のために示す説明図であり、図２９（ａ）は、末端管路部とサイホントラップ管路の素地の着肉の様子を示す説明図、図２９（ｂ）は、図２９（ａ）をｘ−ｘ線で断面視して末端管路部の素地の着肉の様子を示説明図である。
図３０は、頂上管路部素地ＴＫの型成形に用いる型を説明する説明図である。
図３１は、この頂上管路部素地ＴＫの型成形の様子を説明する説明図である。
図３２は、リム素地ＲＫの型成形の様子を説明する説明図である。
図３３は、便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形の様子を説明する説明図である。
図３４は、この便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形に用いる底型２５０の概略斜視図である。
図３５は、図３４における３４−３４線の断面の様子を示す説明図である。
図３６は、便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形に用いるボール中型２６０の概略斜視図である。
図３７は、便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形に用いる割型２７０の概略斜視図である。
図３８は、便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形に用いる一方の側型２８０の概略斜視図である。
図３９は、大便器１０における機器収納部１１周辺での便器本体素地ＢＫの型成形の様子とこれに用いるインサイド割型を示す説明図である。
図４０は、他の実施例の大便器３００を説明するための説明図である。
図４１は、種々のラフィンへの対応の様子を説明する説明図であり、図４１（ａ）はラフィン２００対応の様子を、図４１（ｂ）はラフィン３０５対応の様子を、図４１（ｃ）はラフィン４０５対応の様子をそれぞれ示す説明図である。
図４２は、末端管路部７４と排水口との繋ぎの様子を説明する説明図であり、図４２（ａ）は、排水コネクタＨＳＣを用いた手法を説明する説明図、図４２（ｂ）は、排水フランジＨＳＦを用いた手法を説明する説明図である。
図４３は、頂上管路部２６を上昇管路部２４と同程度の管路面積のものとして頂上管路部３０のエアがそれ以降の管路に流れ込むようにした大便器を示す説明図である。
図４４は、第１主流Ｓ１、第２主流Ｓ２の洗浄水を、便器水平面視において溜水の中央を中心に対角の位置から溜水に吐出して旋回を起こすようにした変形例の大便器を示す説明図である。Technical field
The present invention relates to a toilet bowl for flushing toilet bowl by discharging supplied flush water to a toilet bowl portion, and to a method of manufacturing such a toilet bowl having a siphon trap line.
Background art
In this type of toilet bowl, there is a demand for a performance of efficiently discharging waste together with the stored water in the bowl portion of the toilet bowl and the flush water and a reduction in the total amount of flush water. In order to respond to such a demand, various methods have been proposed, and are roughly classified into the following methods. The first method is a method in which feed water and washing water are combined with stored water to cause a swirl, and waste is pushed into a trap by the flow of the swirl flow. The second method is a method of sucking waste together with stored water and washing water by a siphon action.
In adopting such a method, a rim water passage is provided around the upper edge of the bowl portion of the toilet bowl, and the swirling flow is supplied to the stored water by discharging the cleaning water from the discharge hole provided in the water passage toward the stored water. It is common to wake up. Further, in order to generate the siphon action, pushing of the pool water into the trap by such a swirling flow and pushing of the pool water by simply dropping the washing water from a plurality of discharge holes provided in the rim water passage are utilized. I have.
However, even the method used in the conventional toilet bowl is not sufficient, and the following problems have been pointed out.
In recent years, there has been a growing demand for reducing the total amount of cleaning water (total amount of cleaning water supplied) used for cleaning dirt, and it has become common to reduce the total amount of cleaning water to about 6 liters. In order to generate the above-mentioned swirling flow and generation of the siphon action with such a small total flow rate, attention has been paid to supplying cleaning water at a high water flow, that is, at a large flow rate, and is about 100 to 150 liter / min. It is often used to flow flush water into a bowl portion of a toilet bowl at a flow rate of?
Because of such a high water pressure, toilet bowls that discharge flush water from the flush water tank must raise the level of the stored flush water in the tank to secure a high water pressure. Had to be secured. For this reason, the flush water tank has to be made high. Therefore, in the case of an integrated type of a tank and a toilet, the low silhouette of the toilet is impaired due to design restrictions.
Further, in a toilet of a type in which the flush water of the primary pipe such as a water pipe is directly supplied to the toilet, it is necessary to supply water at a high primary water pressure in order to increase the level of the flush water that joins the stored water. On the other hand, when the swirling flow is generated by merging the washing water with the stored water at a high water force, the high water force is convenient for generating the swirling flow, but the washing water confluence continues at the high water force, so the swirling flow is generated. In some cases, it caused unnecessary turning disturbances. In this case, the energy (water force) of the washing water may be wasted for the continuous generation of the swirling flow, and the efficiency of pushing the washing water into the trap based on the swirling flow may be reduced. In addition, in an area where the primary side water supply pressure is low, the flush water force due to the water supply is low, and the pushing efficiency due to the swirling flow is low. Therefore, the swirling type toilets have not been widely used in low-water supply areas and countries.
By the way, in a toilet using the siphon action, it is essential to generate and continue the siphon action. Therefore, when pouring the washing water into the reservoir water, at the beginning of the pouring, it was important to discharge all the air in the pipe of the siphon trap to the outside of the trap so as to fill the pipe with water. For this reason, regardless of the above-mentioned swirling flow method or the dropping method for discharging the washing water to the toilet bowl portion, if the washing water is poured into the stored water at a high water pressure, the air in the pipeline is discharged to the outside. It can be achieved with a small amount of washing water in a short period of time, which is convenient. On the other hand, if the flow of washing water is low, it is necessary to supply a large amount of washing water for a long period of time to discharge air and fill the pipeline, and it is necessary to use a large amount of washing water. At present, even its adoption has not been considered. Against this background, even toilet bowls using siphon traps have been subject to design restrictions due to the increase in the height of the wash water tank for securing water head pressure, and restrictions on the primary side water supply pressure (high water supply pressure).
On the other hand, existing siphon trap type toilets have been devised in various ways in order to generate the siphon action at an early stage, and a method of filling the siphon trap pipeline with water at an early stage is often used. In other words, the flush water is poured into the toilet bowl at a high flow rate, that is, at a large flow rate of about 90 to 100 liters / min, and in some cases, about 150 liters / min. The air in the trap line is pushed out of the line, and the entire line is quickly filled with flush water.
In such existing siphon trap type toilets, it is assumed that the pipeline will be filled with a large flow of washing water, so the rising pipeline must be used to cope with the inflow and passage of the washing water with a large flow. Various techniques have been proposed for the locus of the siphon trap channel from the curved channel to the descending channel. In these techniques, no special consideration has been given to the improvement of the molding accuracy of the siphon trap pipe at the time of manufacturing and the pipe shape of each part. However, in recent years, there has been an increasing demand for a reduction in the total amount of cleaning water (total water for cleaning water) used for cleaning dirt, so that it is necessary to devise the shape and accuracy of the individual siphon trap pipes. At present it is not enough.
The details will be described below.
As described above, since the flush water is poured into the toilet bowl at a large flow rate, the rising pipe section, the curved top having a top weir for defining the reservoir water level, and the descending pipe section are continuously connected to the siphon trap pipe. If no was formed, there was no inconvenience in siphon generation. For this reason, in the manufacture of the toilet bowl, the slurry is deposited on a mold having a convex shape adapted to the inner peripheral wall shape of the toilet bowl portion, and the mold-closed side of the base thus obtained is used as the inner wall of the toilet bowl portion, and the opposite side of the base. As the inner wall of the ascending pipeline. Since the opposite side of the substrate was formed without touching the mold surface of the mold, irregularities were sometimes formed. The same applies to the curved top. In particular, at the curved top, since the top weir is located inside the pipeline, the top must be formed into a convex shape in the pipeline due to the return of the pipeline, and the shape could not be devised. . In other words, even if irregularities are formed on the inner wall of the pipeline, the existing toilet bowl is premised on the supply of washing water at a large flow rate, so that there is no risk that the irregularities will interfere with the passage of the washing water through the pipeline. , Was not a problem. In addition, in the existing toilet bowl, since the air in the pipeline is expelled at a stretch by the washing water with a large flow rate, the top weir only needs to be a convex shape due to the return of the pipeline, and the shape is not regarded as a problem. From these points, it was lacking in the improvement of the molding accuracy and in consideration of the individual shapes of the pipelines.
By the way, when installing such a siphon trap type toilet, it is necessary to connect the drain outside the toilet and the siphon trap pipe. The specifications of this drain are not uniform and are subject to regulations by local governments, governments, and organizations.Therefore, the connection between the drain outside the toilet and the siphon trap pipe is made of a different material from the ceramic toilet. Another component called a socket is used.
For example, raffin, which means the distance from the toilet wall to the drain outlet center, is variously determined for each country or region. Different raffins will result in different distances between the rear end of the toilet and the drain. On the other hand, since the siphon trap path in the toilet is almost the same, when installing the toilet, it is necessary to select and use the above socket that is bent according to the difference in the raffin, which is complicated at the time of construction. there were. In order to eliminate such complications, the end position of the siphon trap line in the ceramic urinal may be changed according to the raffin, but the type of the mold (the mold for the main body) for manufacturing the toilet body is increased accordingly. Preparation and die selection are required, which results in increased die manufacturing costs and increased die management costs. For this reason, the fact is that the above socket selection has to be dealt with.
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its object to promote a low-profile toilet and to increase the versatility of installing a toilet.
In addition, in the case of a siphon trap type toilet, it is another object of the present invention to increase the variety of shapes of the siphon trap pipeline and to enhance the conformity to the drain port specification by the ceramic toilet itself.
Disclosure of the invention
In order to solve at least a part of such a problem, a first toilet according to the present invention includes:
A flush toilet that discharges the supplied washing water from the upper portion of the toilet bowl portion and causes a swirl flow in the stored water stored by the toilet bowl portion to wash the toilet bowl,
The water supply washing water includes a water guide channel that guides around the upper portion of the toilet bowl portion,
The headrace has a discharge unit that discharges the feedwater wash water as a flow including two main flows and merges with the stored water.
The discharge section is configured to cause the two main flows of washing water to merge with the stored water substantially in parallel with the stored water therebetween in a plan view of a toilet bowl, and to generate a swirling flow in the same rotational direction in the stored water. Discharge feedwater washing water by taking the relationship of pooled water merging with water,
It is characterized by the following.
In the first toilet of the present invention having the above configuration, when the two main flows of flush water are combined with the stored water, the merging of these main flows occurs substantially parallel with the stored water interposed therebetween in the horizontal view of the toilet bowl, and is the same as the stored water. A swirl flow in the direction of rotation occurs. Since the respective main streams join the pooled water with such a pooled water merging relationship, the main streams do not disturb the generation of the swirling flow. Therefore, a swirling flow can be reliably induced in the pool water. The swirling flows generated in the main flow of each other promote the swirling flow without disturbing the swirling direction of the swirling flow because the merging is substantially parallel and in the same rotational direction. Energy (water force) can be used for the generation of the swirl flow without waste, and through this, the efficiency of pushing the stored water by the swirl flow can be increased. Moreover, such a situation occurs even when the flow rates of the two main streams of cleaning water are small, so that even if the amount of cleaning water for generating the two main streams of cleaning water is small, the pushing performance by turning can be maintained. As a result, the cleaning water can be discharged at a small flow rate, and the total amount of the cleaning water can be reduced.
In addition, since the washing water can be discharged at a small flow rate and the total amount of the washing water can be reduced in such a manner, when the washing water supplied for the mainstream generation is taken from the washing water tank, the head pressure is reduced. As a result, the washing water tank can be lowered accordingly. Therefore, it is possible to improve the design of the entire toilet bowl including the washing water tank and to reduce the silhouette of the toilet bowl.
In addition, when the cleaning water supplied from the primary pipe is used as the cleaning water to be supplied for the mainstream generation, a swirl flow required for cleaning can be generated by discharging the cleaning water at a small flow rate. It can also be used in the area of the primary piping of the water supply pressure. Therefore, the toilet bowl of the present invention can be installed even in an area where the primary side water supply pressure is low due to water supply facility conditions and the like. For this reason, versatility with respect to the installation location is enhanced, and it is possible to promote the widespread use of the toilet using the swirling flow method in low-water supply areas and countries as in the present invention. In addition, even in a country or a region where a high water supply pressure is required by law or the like, by installing a pressure reducing valve or the like, the toilet bowl of the present invention can be easily applied and installed.
Moreover, since there is no need to cause the flushing water to be discharged at a high water flow based on the large flow rate, it is possible to suppress the generation of noise due to the flushing water discharge and the flushing water merging with the stored water, and to improve quietness when flushing the toilet. it can. In addition, it is possible to suppress inadvertent splashing of water due to discharge of cleaning water at a high water level.
The above-mentioned merging of the two main flows of the washing water sandwiching the above-mentioned accumulated water can be caused to occur on the long side of the accumulated water surface contour of the accumulated water. In this case, it is easy to aim at the flow direction at the time of the pooling of the main streams, which is preferable.
The first toilet of the present invention having the above configuration can also adopt the following various aspects.
That is, the discharge section of the headrace,
The first flush water that discharges the flush water guided to the headrace channel from obliquely above the stored water toward the front of the toilet to cause a first flush water main flow that is one of the two flush water main flows. A discharge section,
The flush water guided to the headrace channel is discharged from the same side with respect to a center axis that bisects the first discharge portion and the toilet bowl on the left and right sides. A second discharge unit that generates a flow of the cleaning water that circulates along;
Merges with the flow of the wash water of the second discharge part to correct the flow of the wash water of the second discharge part, and changes the corrected flow of the wash water of the second discharge part to the other of the two main flows of the wash water. And a third discharge unit that is the main flow of the second washing water.
With this configuration, the second main flow of the washing water can be made to have passed through the merging of the flow (water flow) of the washing water, so that the water merging can have a more accurate direction and a strong water force. Therefore, the second cleaning water main stream can have a stable flow trajectory, so that the main stream can be reliably guided in substantially the same direction in the same rotational direction. For this reason, at the time of discharge of the wash water for generating the first and second main flows of the wash water, the reliability of reducing the total amount of the wash water through the discharge of the wash water at a small flow rate can be improved.
In addition, the first discharge unit includes:
The cleaning water guided to the water channel is discharged from a plurality of discharge holes formed in the water channel, and the cleaning water flows from the respective discharge holes are merged to generate the first main flow of the cleaning water.
In this way, even in the first main flow of the washing water, the trajectory of the flow can be stabilized, and a strong flow is generated at the merging portion. In this case, the reliability of the discharge of the cleaning water and the reduction of the total amount of the cleaning water can be further improved.
In addition, the third discharge unit includes:
The flush water guided to the headrace channel is discharged toward the reservoir at the front side of the bowl bowl portion to join the flush water of the second discharge section, and the flush water of the second discharge section A fourth discharge unit that corrects the flow direction of the water toward the surface of the stored water,
The washing water guided to the headrace channel is discharged from the opposite side to the first discharge portion with respect to a central axis that bisects a toilet bowl to the left and right, and the second water corrected by the wash water from the fourth discharge portion. Merges with the flow of the wash water of the discharge section, further corrects the flow direction to the pool water surface side, and sets the flow of the wash water of the second discharge section after correction as the second main flow of the wash water. A fifth discharge unit that joins the pooled water with the pooled water merging relationship with the first main stream of cleaning water.
In this case, the fifth discharge unit discharges the wash water so as to face the flow of the wash water from the second discharge unit, and merges the discharge wash water with the flow of the wash water of the second discharge unit. The flow of the wash water from the two discharge sections may be combined with the stored water in substantially the same direction as the first wash water main stream and in the same rotational direction.
According to this configuration, the correction of the second main flow of washing water is performed from the front side of the toilet and from the diagonal side of the main flow of first cleaning water, so that the trajectory of the second main flow of cleaning water after correction is more stable. Thus, the reliability of the reduction of the total amount of washing water can be further improved by improving the reliability of the merging of the main flows in the substantially parallel and the same rotation directions.
In addition, the headrace,
A sub-discharge unit for discharging the flush water guided to the water conduit along the surface of the toilet bowl portion is provided separately from the first to fifth discharge units, including a flush water discharge from the sub-discharge unit. Then, flush water flows over almost the entire surface of the bowl portion of the toilet bowl.
In this case, the washing water can be spread over almost the entire surface of the bowl portion of the toilet bowl. Therefore, paper and dirt adhering to the ball portion surface can be reliably poured into the stored water, and the cleanliness of the ball portion surface can be improved.
Also, the bowl bowl portion,
A first ball peripheral wall portion that receives the first cleaning water main flow and guides turning, and defines a turning state of the cleaning water after the first cleaning water main flow joins the pool water;
A second ball peripheral wall portion that receives the second main flow of washing water and guides turning, and defines a turning state of the cleaning water after the second main flow of washing water joins the stored water.
By doing so, the first and second main flows of the washing water can be made to have a more stable flow trajectory, so that the main flow of the washing water is substantially parallel and has the same rotational direction as described above. It is possible to more reliably maintain and further improve the reliability of reducing the total amount of washing water.
Further, the first and second ball peripheral wall portions have a difference in the swirling state of the washing water after the pooling of the pooled water. The ball peripheral wall reduces the lead of the turning. In this case, the second ball peripheral wall portion increases the revolving lead of the second cleaning water main flow, and the first ball peripheral wall portion reduces the revolving lead of the first cleaning water main flow. You can also.
By doing so, it is possible to further enhance the performance of pushing the stored water based on the swirl with the swirling flow of the reed, and collect the waste with the swirling flow of the reed and send it to the swirling flow of the reed to discharge the waste. it can. Therefore, even when the main flow of the washing water is generated at a small flow rate, the pushing performance can be maintained. In other words, even if the flush water is discharged at a low flow rate and the total amount of flush water is reduced, the pushing performance by turning can be maintained, and the ability to discharge waste (toilet flushing ability) by this pushing can be reliably exhibited. .
In addition, since the bottom of the toilet bowl has a mortar shape, the turning radius of the swirling flow toward the trap opening at the bottom of the bowl gradually decreases, and the momentum of the swirling flow increases. For this reason, the performance of the pushing by the swirling flow described above is further improved.
In making the ball peripheral wall that gives the lead a difference as described above,
The first ball peripheral wall portion,
A guide shelf formed to surround the stored water on the side opposite to the trap opened at the bottom of the toilet bowl, and receiving the main flow of the first flushing water, the guide shelf being substantially coincident with the surface of the accumulated water; A person having the guide shelf that causes a small turning state of the turning lead in the main flow of the first cleaning water at the height position set as above.
Further, the second ball peripheral wall portion is
At a location where the second cleaning water main flow is received and merged with the stored water, the swirling lead extends over the vertical direction of the stored water so that a large turning state of the revolving lead can be caused in the second cleaning water main flow. It may have a peripheral wall part whose inclination is made larger than the guide shelf part.
In this case, the first main flow of the washing water is received by the guide shelf and guided to the substantially horizontal swirling near the reservoir surface, so that a small swirling flow of the swirling lead can be generated more reliably. The second main flow of the washing water is received by the peripheral wall portion having a large inclination, and the inclination can surely cause a swirling flow of a large swirling lead. As a result, the pushing performance by the swirling flow described above can be more reliably improved, and wastes can be collected in a swirling flow with a small lead.
In this case, the peripheral wall portion of the second ball peripheral wall portion is expanded by about 40% of the original area by the ratio of the expansion of the reservoir surface area when the reservoir water level rises due to the inflow of washing water into the reservoir water. Within.
In this case, the second main flow of the washing water guided by the peripheral wall of the second ball peripheral wall causes the swirling flow of the large reed to the stored water more reliably, so that the pushing performance by the above-described swirling flow is further improved. It can certainly be increased.
In the vertical cross-sectional shape of the peripheral wall portion of the second ball peripheral wall portion, a steep slope is formed such that the angle formed between the pooled water surface and the peripheral wall portion of the peripheral wall portion is about 5 to 25 °. This is preferable in that the main flow of the second washing water guided by the peripheral wall surface of the peripheral wall portion is used as a large reed swirling flow.
Further, in order to solve at least a part of the problems described above, a second toilet according to the present invention includes:
A flush toilet that discharges the supplied washing water from the upper portion of the toilet bowl portion and causes a swirl flow in the stored water stored by the toilet bowl portion to wash the toilet bowl,
The water supply washing water includes a water guide channel that guides around the upper portion of the toilet bowl portion,
The headrace channel has two discharge portions for discharging the water supply wash water at diagonal positions around the center of the stored water in a horizontal view of the toilet bowl, and each of the discharge portions has the same direction as the stored water. Merging the feed water with the stored water so that swirling occurs;
It is characterized by the following.
Even in this manner, the flow of the wash water discharged from the respective discharge portions merges with the pooled water substantially parallel across the pooled water in a toilet horizontal view, and the pooled water generates a swirling flow in the same rotation direction. Therefore, even with this toilet, the swirl flow can be reliably induced in the stored water as in the case of the above-described first toilet, and thus has the same advantages as the first toilet.
It should be noted that the second toilet bowl can adopt various aspects similar to those of the first toilet bowl.
In order to solve at least a part of the above-described problems, a third toilet according to the present invention includes:
A flush toilet in which the supplied washing water is poured into stored water stored by a toilet bowl portion and discharged from a siphon trap together with the stored water,
The siphon trap,
An ascending pipeline portion having a trap opening opened on the side of the toilet bowl portion, and forming a pipeline obliquely upward from the trap opening;
A top pipe section having a top weir that is connected to the upper end of the rising pipe section and is curved, and defines a level of the reservoir water;
A descending conduit portion connected to the top conduit portion and lowered, wherein the rising water portion and the top conduit portion of the top conduit portion are crossed by pouring the feed water into the reservoir water. A pipe shelf that receives the washing water that has flowed down to the descending pipe section and causes the washing water to bounce, a downstream pipe section that guides the washing water that has rebounded at the pipe shelf to the downstream side, and the downstream pipe At the end of the passage portion, a narrowing portion that narrows the pipeline area and guides the flush water to a drain outside the toilet, and
The descending pipeline section,
Upon discharging the washing water carried from the rising pipe section to the drain port, the washing water flowing down over the top weir is received by the pipe shelf and the flow direction of the washing water flowing down is reduced. Causing the flow direction change to the side of the portion and storing the washing water flowing down in the throttle portion, causing the upstream pipeline to seal with the washing water in the throttle portion, and Even if air is left in the pipeline section from the pipeline section to the pipeline shelf section, the washing water stored in the throttle section can form a water column reaching the top weir, and the water column formation At a later time, the remaining air is sealed in the top conduit portion, and has a descending conduit shape capable of generating a siphon effect of sucking the washing water of the toilet bowl portion and continuing the siphon effect,
It is characterized by the following.
In the third toilet according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, when the flush water is supplied to the stored water and flushing of the toilet is started, the descending pipe is passed from the ascending pipeline to the top weir in the top pipeline. The washing water that has flowed down the road is received by the pipeline shelf of the descending pipeline and rebounds. The washing water that has rebounded in this manner changes the direction of the washing water flow toward the throttle portion and flows down further downstream, and at that time, flows down the pipeline with air entrainment in the descending pipeline, and The downflow speed of the washing water is reduced due to the conversion, and reaches the throttle portion at the end of the downstream pipeline. The washing water that has reached the restriction portion flows out of the drain port through the restriction portion with air entrained. However, the cleaning water is stored in the restriction portion based on the narrow pipe area. Part of the stored washing water flows out of the drain through the throttle. In this case, the flow rate of the wash water flowing down to the descending pipe section beyond the top weir is lower than the flow rate of the wash water flowing out to the discharge port through the throttle section because the above-described flow rate lowers when the wash water is stored and stored. Therefore, at the beginning of the cleaning, the storage of the cleaning water in the throttle portion and the discharge to the drain can be performed in parallel. Then, the amount of stored and stored washing water in the throttle section increases as the flow of the washing water into the descending pipeline section continues to flow. Store and seal with wash water. After the seal has been caused in this way, a water column extending from the throttle to the top weir is formed by continuing the flow of the cleaning water thereafter, and the cleaning water column prevents entry of air from outside the discharge port. .
In the washing step after the sealing with the washing water and the formation of the water column as described above, the washing water flow occurs due to the head when the formed water column in the downstream pipeline falls to the discharge port. Inside, a decompression phenomenon occurs. In addition, the flow of the washing water, which passes through the rising pipe section and climbs over the top weir and flows into the descending pipe section, is continued during this depressurization phenomenon. No air suction occurs. Therefore, a so-called siphon effect of sucking the flush water of the toilet bowl portion occurs due to a difference between the level of the pool water and the height of the throttle portion of the toilet bowl portion, and the siphon effect is continued until the siphon disappears due to air suction. You. Therefore, the dirt in the bowl portion of the toilet bowl is forcibly sucked and discharged into the siphon trap together with the stored water and the flush water.
As described above, in the initial state of the cleaning that causes the formation of the water column of the above-mentioned cleaning water, as described above, the cleaning water rebounds at the pipeline shelf portion of the descending pipeline portion, and the entrainment of air by the repelled cleaning water and the pipeline This causes the air to flow down and air to be discharged from the pipeline shelf. In this case, since the air which has not been discharged after the pipeline shelf has already been formed after the sealed water column is formed, the air which rises up this water column to reach the pipeline shelf from the top pipeline to the pipeline shelf is formed. Collected on roads. Alternatively, the rising air is stored in a guide piece that the top weir protrudes.
Such residual air is remarkable when the toilet is washed with a small amount of flush water, and does not occur in the existing toilet which flushes the toilet with a large amount of flush water and exhausts all the air in the trap line. It was like that. However, in the present invention, even if air remains in the pipeline from the top pipeline to the pipeline shelf as described above, this air can be maintained by devising the shape of the descending pipeline. After the air was sealed, the formation of a water column was enabled to generate and continue the siphon action. Therefore, the siphon action can be maintained by supplying a relatively small amount of washing water. When the siphon action occurs, the residual air sealed in the top conduit is entrained in the suctioned washing water, but since the water column has already been formed until it reaches the top weir, it passes through the water column. As a result, it is difficult to be discharged from the discharge port to the outside. Therefore, crushing of the water column due to the discharge of the residual air hardly occurs, which is convenient for maintaining the siphon action.
As described above, since the siphon action can be generated and continued even if air remains at the beginning of the cleaning in a part of the pipeline of the siphon trap, the following advantages are provided.
In a toilet with an existing siphon trap, as described above, at the beginning of cleaning, all air in the pipe of the siphon trap must be discharged to the outside of the trap when flushing water into the reservoir. It was considered important. For this reason, it has been necessary to continuously pour a large amount of flush water into the toilet bowl from the beginning.
In the toilet of the present invention, it is not necessary to discharge air from the siphon trap at the beginning of cleaning, and it is sufficient to continuously supply the flush water to the reservoir at a small flow rate. Therefore, in the case of using the washing water tank for supplying the washing water, the head pressure of the tank can be reduced, and the height of the washing water tank can be reduced accordingly. As a result, it is possible to make the toilet bowl low silhouette, and thus to improve the design.
Further, in the case of directly supplying flush water to a toilet, such as a water pipe, even when the primary-side water supply pressure is low, it is possible to continue the flow of the flush water to the reservoir with a small flow rate from the beginning. . For this reason, the toilet bowl of the present invention can be applied even in an area where the primary side water supply pressure is low due to water supply facility conditions, precipitation conditions, or climatic / regional characteristics, and versatility is improved. In addition, even in a country or a region where a high water supply pressure is required by law or the like, by installing a pressure reducing valve or the like, the toilet bowl of the present invention can be easily applied and installed.
Furthermore, in the case of causing the swirling flow in the stored water to push the cleaning water into the trap, it is sufficient to discharge the cleaning water to be combined with the stored water at a small flow rate in order to cause the swirling flow. In other words, there is no need to cause the washing water to be discharged at a high flow rate based on the large flow rate, and the cleaning water may be discharged at a relatively low flow rate at a small flow rate and merged with the stored water. Therefore, when the swirling flow is generated based on the merging of the washing water into the pool water, unnecessary swirling disturbance of the swirling flow can be prevented by discharging the washing water at a low water force (small flow rate). As a result, the energy (water force) of the discharged cleaning water can be used for generating the swirling flow without waste, and the stable formation of the swirling flow and the efficiency of pushing the cleaning water into the trap based on the swirling flow can be achieved. .
In addition, since it is not necessary to cause flushing water to be discharged at a high water flow based on a large flow rate, it is possible to suppress the generation of noise due to flushing water discharge and merging of flushing water into stored water, and to increase quietness when flushing a toilet. Can be. In addition, it is possible to suppress inadvertent splashing of water due to discharge of cleaning water at a high water level.
In order to solve at least a part of the problems described above, a fourth toilet according to the present invention includes:
A flush toilet in which the supplied washing water is poured into stored water stored by a toilet bowl portion and discharged from a siphon trap together with the stored water,
The siphon trap,
An ascending pipeline portion having a trap opening opened on the side of the toilet bowl portion, and forming a pipeline obliquely upward from the trap opening;
A top pipe section having a top weir that is connected to the upper end of the rising pipe section and is curved, and defines a level of the reservoir water;
A descending conduit portion connected to the top conduit portion and lowered, wherein the rising water portion and the top conduit portion of the top conduit portion are crossed by pouring the feed water into the reservoir water. A pipe shelf that receives the washing water that has flowed down to the descending pipe section and causes the washing water to bounce, a downstream pipe section that guides the washing water that has rebounded at the pipe shelf to the downstream side, and the downstream pipe At the end of the passage portion, a narrowing portion that narrows the pipeline area and guides the flush water to a drain outside the toilet, and
The descending pipeline section,
Upon discharging the washing water carried from the rising pipe section to the drain port, the washing water flowing down over the top weir is received by the pipe shelf and the flow direction of the washing water flowing down is reduced. Causing a change in the flow direction to be switched to the side of the section, and causing the washing water that flows down to be stored in the throttle section to cause a seal of the upstream pipe with the washing water in the throttle section; and When the air existing in the section is pushed by the washing water that has risen in the rising pipe section and flows into the pipes after the top pipe section, the air that has flowed in is sealed downstream from the top pipe section. By stopping and not returning to the top conduit side, the washing water stored in the throttle section forms a water column reaching the top weir and sucks the washing water of the toilet bowl section. Cause a siphon effect Having a downcomer passage configuration capable continued siphon action,
It is characterized by the following.
In the fourth toilet according to the present invention, when the flush water is going to flow down from the rising pipeline to the descending pipeline through the top weir of the top pipeline, the flush water is used to clean the top pipeline. The third toilet of the present invention is different from the above-described third toilet in that it is assumed that the air is pushed and flows into the pipeline after the top pipeline. In other words, even in the case of washing water supply with a small flow rate, air in the top pipe portion may be pushed and flow into the pipes after the top pipe portion due to the relationship between the rising pipe area and the top pipe area. Since it is possible, the countermeasures were taken as follows.
A part of the air flushed by the flushing water is caught in the flushing water that has reached the restricting portion and flows out from the restricting portion to the drain as in the third toilet, but the air not discharged is Go up the pipeline. If such an air rise occurs up to the top conduit, the water column may be disconnected, that is, the siphon effect may be lost. However, in the present invention, this air is sealed downstream of the top pipeline so as not to return to the top pipeline. Therefore, even with the fourth toilet of the present invention, the same effects as those of the above third invention can be obtained.
The third and fourth toilet bowls of the present invention having the above configuration can also adopt the following various aspects.
That is, the descending channel portion is
It has a descending channel shape capable of generating and continuing the siphon action with respect to the flow of the feed water at a flow rate of about 50 to 100 liters / min.
In this way, it is possible to achieve forced suction of dirt, stored water, and washing water by the siphon action, not to mention a flow rate substantially similar to the conventional flow rate, but to a smaller flow rate.
In addition, the top conduit portion,
A pipe portion connected to the descending pipe section has a pipe shape that is defined as an air remaining area by a boundary of a flow of the washing water that passes over the top weir and falls into the descending pipe section.
In this case, since the air remaining area can be a steady pipe portion, the air can be efficiently entrained and discharged to the outside by the flow of the washing water that falls into the descending pipe section, thereby forming a seal and forming a water column, thereby forming a siphon. There are advantages in terms of generation and effective draw-in and drainage of toilet bowl sewage and dirt.
In addition, the top conduit portion,
The ascending pipeline is connected to the descending pipeline with a cross-sectional area larger than a cross-sectional area of the ascending pipeline.
By doing so, the sealing area for the residual air can be reliably ensured, and the entrainment and discharge of air by the flow of the washing water falling into the descending pipeline can be performed more effectively. There is an advantage in the formation and formation of a water column, thereby generating siphons, and in effectively drawing and discharging accumulated water and dirt in the bowl portion of the toilet bowl. As described above, it is preferable that the top pipe section has a cross-sectional area larger than the pipe cross-sectional area of the ascending pipe section. The top conduit may have a cross-sectional area approximately equal to or less than the cross-sectional area of the conduit of the ascending conduit. By doing so, it is possible to efficiently store and store the cleaning water in the descending pipeline.
In addition, the descending pipeline section includes:
From the pipeline shelf to the constriction, the pipe has a descending pipeline shape that gradually decreases until the area of the pipeline cross section becomes at least as large as the pipeline cross-sectional area of the ascending pipeline.
In the case where the area is gradually changed in this manner, the cross section of the pipeline of the descending pipeline portion may have a cross-sectional shape narrowed to the pipeline axis side in the lateral direction of the toilet.
In this case, the washing water that has bounced off at the pipeline shelf of the descending pipeline portion over the top weir seals a part of the descending pipeline at an early stage, and more reliably causes a situation where the washing water is stored at the throttle portion. Therefore, the reliability of generation and continuation of the siphon action due to the above-described air sealing / discharging and water column formation can be improved. In other words, the forced suction of the dirt and the like can be reliably performed by the siphon action, and the dirt discharge performance can be enhanced.
In addition, when the cross section of the descending duct section is formed to have a cross section narrowed toward the duct axis in the lateral direction of the toilet, the following advantages can be obtained.
In addition to such a cross-sectional shape,
The descending pipeline section,
The descending pipeline is provided such that the washing water that has dropped over the top weir bounces back toward the toilet bowl portion and is guided to the throttle portion,
The squeezing section has a shelf for receiving the guided washing water on the side of the toilet bowl, and after receiving the washing water on the shelf, guides the washing water to the drain port.
Sticks such as cotton swabs and matches are apt to be used around the toilet bowl, and these sticks may accidentally enter the toilet bowl, mix with the flush water, and flow into the trap. The rod-like material reached the descending channel along with the washing water, bounced back to the toilet bowl along with the washing water that had fallen over the top weir, and flowed down to the restricting portion, and thereafter was received by the shelf of the restricting portion. Later reaches the drain.
Since the pipe cross section of the descending pipe section is narrowed toward the pipe axis in the left-right direction of the toilet, the rod-shaped object passing through the descending pipe section is arranged in a passing posture by the pipe cross section. Can be In other words, the rod-like object is positioned such that the longitudinal direction of the rod substantially coincides with the longitudinal direction of the pipeline section (front-back direction of the toilet) or the longitudinal direction of the rod is flush with the longitudinal direction of the pipeline section (front-back direction of the toilet). Flows down the pipeline only in a posture that intersects from the flow direction (fall direction) of the pipe. For this reason, the rod-like material that has flowed down in such a posture, when jumping to the bowl portion of the toilet bowl, is set so that the flow direction of the washing water toward the shelf side of the throttle portion and the longitudinal direction of the rod substantially match. And head to the shelves in the squeezing section. Since the rod-like object rebounds on the shelf, the longitudinal direction of the rod substantially matches the flow direction of the washing water toward the drain port where the washing water flows after the shelf. Such a rod-shaped object enters the drain port from the longitudinal end toward the drain port. Therefore, it is possible to effectively avoid a situation in which the rod-shaped object is clogged in the narrowed portion.
Further, in order to flow the supplied washing water into the stored water stored in the toilet bowl portion, the first and second main flows of the washing water are generated as described above so as to cause a swirling flow in the stored water, or the like. A toilet bowl having a peripheral wall shape effective for causing a swirling flow may be provided.
In this way, in addition to the improvement of the pushing efficiency due to the swirling flow and the above-mentioned effect, the above-mentioned effect can be obtained by generating and continuing the siphon action under the remaining air.
Further, in order to solve at least a part of the problems described above, a fifth toilet according to the present invention includes:
A toilet bowl portion for storing stored water, a toilet body for supporting the toilet bowl portion, and a siphon trap line for generating a siphon action upon discharging waste, wherein the siphon trap line is provided with the toilet bowl portion. A top having a rising pipe part extending obliquely upward from a trap opening opened on the bottom side surface, and a curved weir connected to the upper end of the rising pipe part to form a curved pipe, and defining a reservoir water level; A toilet formed by a pipeline portion and a descending pipeline portion which is connected to the top pipeline portion and descends,
In the curved conduit of the top conduit portion, a predetermined range from a connecting portion of the rising conduit portion to a connecting portion with the descending conduit portion, which is a wall surface portion serving as a pipe wall surface facing the top weir. The wall portion, in the state of the base before the toilet sintering, the remaining body of the siphon trap pipe except the wall portion, the toilet bowl portion, and the toilet main body are separate bodies,
The base material of the wall surface portion is joined to the base material of the remaining siphon trap pipe to close the siphon trap pipe and fired.
In the fifth toilet of the present invention having the above configuration, in the state of the base before firing, in the curved conduit of the top conduit portion of the siphon trap conduit, a predetermined range of the conduit wall surface facing the top dam is provided. This is a state in which the wall surface portion does not exist between the connecting portion of the rising pipeline portion and the connecting portion of the descending pipeline portion. Therefore, the mold for forming the inner wall and the top weir of the rising pipe section can be set to another mold assuming that there is no place corresponding to the wall surface portion. For this reason, the base surface on the side closely adhered to the mold surface of the mold can be used as the inner wall surface of the ascending pipeline portion or the wall surface of the top weir, so that these portions have inner walls without irregularities or project into the pipeline. It can be a top weir having an equal part. Then, the base material of the wall surface portion is joined to the siphon trap pipe base, and the pipe is closed to form a continuous siphon trap pipe, which is then fired. Although the mold for forming the top weir and the like described above is restricted by being set to another mold, the shape of the mold has a higher degree of freedom, so that the siphon trap pipe shape can be diversified.
In manufacturing a toilet bowl for solving at least a part of the above-described problems, the manufacturing method of the present invention includes:
A toilet bowl portion for storing stored water, a toilet body for supporting the toilet bowl portion, and a siphon trap line for generating a siphon action upon discharging waste, wherein the siphon trap line is provided with the toilet bowl portion. A top having a rising pipe part extending obliquely upward from a trap opening opened on the bottom side surface, and a curved weir connected to the upper end of the rising pipe part to form a curved pipe, and defining a reservoir water level; A method of manufacturing a toilet bowl formed by a pipe section and a descending pipe section that is connected to the top pipe section and descends,
In the curved conduit of the top conduit portion, a predetermined range from a connecting portion of the rising conduit portion to a connecting portion with the descending conduit portion, which is a wall surface portion serving as a pipe wall surface facing the top weir. A step (1) of molding a wall surface base material to be the wall surface portion of
A step (2) of molding a toilet body in which the rest of the siphon trap line excluding the wall surface portion, the toilet bowl portion, and the toilet body are integrated;
A state in which the wall surface body is joined to the toilet body to close the siphon trap pipeline, and the siphon trap pipeline is formed by connecting the ascending pipeline, the top pipeline, and the descending pipeline. (3) performing firing in
The step (2) includes:
The bottom wall shape of the toilet bowl portion, the bottom wall shape of the toilet body, and the concave shape conforming to the outer wall shape of the descending channel portion of the remaining siphon trap channel excluding the wall surface portion. Bottom type,
A side mold having a concave shape adapted to the side wall shape of the toilet body,
A ball middle size having a convex shape adapted to the inner peripheral wall shape of the toilet bowl portion,
The siphon trap pipe has a pipe inner wall shape of the rising pipe portion and an outer shape adapted to the top weir shape of the top pipe portion, and is a split mold that can be incorporated into the ball medium size, When incorporated into the ball middle mold, the split mold is joined to a portion of the convex shape of the ball middle mold that is suitable for the bottom inner wall of the toilet bowl, and the joint is set as the opening of the trap opening. The process of
The prepared dies are matched to form the concave and convex shapes of the respective dies, and the rest of the siphon trap line, the toilet bowl portion, and the toilet main body excluding the wall surface portion are integrated. Forming a cavity for forming the toilet body,
Pouring the slurry into the cavity, depositing the slurry on each of the molds, discharging the sludge, drying, removing the mold, and obtaining the toilet body.
It is characterized by the following.
According to the toilet bowl manufacturing method of the present invention having the above-described configuration, of the curved conduit of the top conduit portion, the wall surface portion serving as the conduit wall surface facing the top dam is, in its base state, another toilet portion. Shall be separate from Therefore, when forming the toilet body, it is possible to incorporate a split mold for forming the inner wall and the top weir of the ascending pipeline into the middle ball, assuming that there is no place corresponding to the wall surface portion. The base surface on the side closely adhered to the upper surface can be used as the inner wall surface of the rising pipe section or the wall surface of the top dam. Therefore, as described above, the degree of freedom of the split mold shape is increased, so that a toilet having a diversified siphon trap pipe shape can be easily manufactured. In this case, since the joint between the split mold and the middle ball is set as the opening of the trap opening, the trap opening can be formed with high dimensional accuracy.
The toilet having the above-described configuration and the method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention may employ the following various aspects.
That is, the end pipe section located at the end of the siphon trap pipe and connected to the drain outside the toilet is separated from the toilet in its base state, and the base of the end pipe section is used as the base. It is to be bonded to the end of the siphon trap line in the state and fired. Then, when forming the base, the base is formed in a plurality of shapes prepared so as to cope with a case where the distance between the drain port and the rear end of the toilet is different. The selection is made in accordance with the distance, and the joining position of the base is adjusted according to the distance. In this case, it is sufficient to prepare the mold necessary for the manufacture of the end pipe section while keeping the mold of the toilet body having the siphon trap pipe common, so that it is possible to reduce the mold manufacturing and the management cost thereof. . Moreover, the urinal obtained through the joining of the bases of the end pipes and the subsequent firing is adapted to the above-mentioned distance, which is one of the drain port specifications, that is, the adaptation to the raffin from the toilet wall to the drain port center. This can be done with the toilet itself.
In this case, it is possible to seal the area around the outlet by pressing the annular sealing member disposed around the outlet, with the end pipe facing the outlet, and to drain the water to the outlet. In this way, when draining to the drain port, leakage of drainage can be avoided by the end pipe itself, and in this case, a bent socket or the like is not required, so that it is simple.
In addition, the terminal pipe section may be configured to face the drain port and to be connected to the drain port via a drain connector interposed between the drain port and the terminal pipe section. In this way, when draining to the drain outlet, leakage of drainage can be avoided via the drain connector. Since the drainage socket only needs to connect the terminal pipe portion and the drainage port which are opposed to each other, it is sufficient if the drainage socket is formed in a straight tube, and the shape is simple, so that the handling is easy.
In addition, the end pipe can be inserted and disposed in the drain port. In this case, while the entire toilet bowl including the end pipe is made of pottery, this toilet can be connected to the end pipe. Can be inserted into the drain and installed. This eliminates the need for prior installation of a socket or the like and management of processes and equipment for manufacturing the socket, which is advantageous in cost. In addition, since the terminal conduit can be inserted and disposed in the drain, the siphon trap conduit having the terminal conduit can be adapted to the drain specification without being made of ceramic.
As described above, since the end pipe portion can be formed independently, the base can be formed into a convex shape and a concave shape, and the outer shape can be defined by the concave shape and the inner shape can be defined by the convex shape. Therefore, the end pipe section can have an irregular inner and outer wall shape, for example, an elliptical inner wall while the outer wall is cylindrical.
Further, the fifth toilet according to the present invention comprises:
A toilet bowl having a toilet bowl portion for storing stored water, a toilet body for supporting the toilet bowl portion, and a siphon trap line that generates a siphon action when discharging waste.
A terminal pipe portion which is located at an end of the siphon trap pipe and is connected to a drain port outside the toilet, and which is used to connect the descending pipe section to the drain port via the terminal pipe portion. It has a terminal conduit,
In the state of the base before the toilet sintering, the terminal pipe section, the base of the siphon trap pipe, the toilet bowl section and the toilet main body are separate bodies,
The base of the end pipe portion is joined to the end of the siphon trap pipe in a base state and fired.
In this way, even in the case of toilets that do not require the shape characteristics of the inner wall of the rising pipeline and the top weir, drainage by the ceramic toilet itself can be achieved by preparing the end pipeline separately. The same effect as the above, such as mouth adaptation, can be obtained.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of a toilet according to the present invention will be described based on examples. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view for explaining the toilet bowl 10 of the embodiment by breaking its upper surface, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the toilet bowl 10 of FIG. 1 in a cross-sectional view to the left along a center line in the front-rear direction. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the same in a cross-sectional view to the right, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view for explaining the rim shown in FIG. The toilet bowl 10 of the first embodiment is characterized by the shape of each individual portion of the siphon trap line, as will be described later, so that the siphon action can be generated and continued even with a small flow of washing water. I made it. First, the overall configuration of the toilet will be described.
As shown in these drawings, the toilet bowl 10 includes a toilet bowl portion 12, and the upper edge thereof is a rim 14. The rim 14 is formed so as to surround the toilet bowl portion 12, and has a hollow rim conduit 16 therein. The rim water conduit 16 is connected to the flush water supply channel 18 on the rear side of the toilet.
The rear side of the toilet bowl portion 12 is a device storage portion 11 for storing a washing water supply device described later, and a washing water supply channel 18 is connected to the washing water supply device stored in the device storage portion 11. The washing water is supplied through the holes 19. As shown in FIG. 1, the wash water supplied to the wash water supply channel 18 enters the rim conduit 16 from the left and right directions, and is guided around the upper edge of the toilet bowl portion 12.
The toilet bowl portion 12 is connected to the siphon trap 20 at the ball bottom portion 13. The siphon trap 20 includes a trap inlet 22 that opens toward the ball bottom 13, a rising pipe part 24 that forms a pipe diagonally upward from the trap inlet 22 to the rear of the toilet, and a rising pipe part 24. It has a top conduit section 26 connected to the upper end and curved downward, and a descending conduit section 28 connected to the top conduit section 26 and descending. The top conduit section 26 is provided with a top weir 30 bent at the side of the descending conduit section 28 at a connection portion with the ascending conduit section 24, and the top weir 30 is used for storing the reservoir water RS stored by the toilet bowl 12. Specify the water level. The pipe shape of the siphon trap 20 will be described later.
The rim 14 includes a base first water discharge hole 41, a base second water discharge hole 42, and a left central water discharge hole 43 on the rim water conduit 16 on the left side of the toilet bowl shown in FIG. A perforated first correction water discharge hole 45 is provided between the water discharge hole 43 and the rim front end side water discharge hole 44, and a porous auxiliary water discharge hole is provided between the left center water discharge hole 43 and the base second water discharge hole 42. 46. The rim 14 is provided with a right center water discharge hole 47 on the right side of the toilet bowl, and between the right center water discharge hole 47 and the rim front end side water discharge hole 44, a perforated second correction water discharge hole 48, The third correction water discharge hole 49 has a porous fourth correction water discharge hole 50 and an auxiliary water discharge hole 51 between the right center water discharge hole 47 and the connecting portion of the washing water supply passage 18.
The base first water discharge hole 41 and the base second water discharge hole 42 are formed on the bottom side of the rim water conduit 16 and have a long hole shape (in this embodiment, the width × length is the base first water discharge hole 41). 12 × 43 mm, and 13 × 35 mm at the base second water discharge hole 42). Auxiliary water discharge hole 46, first correction water discharge hole 45, rim front end water discharge hole 44, second correction water discharge hole 48, third correction water discharge hole 49, right center water discharge hole 47, fourth correction water discharge hole 50. Each of the auxiliary water discharge holes 51 has a substantially circular hole shape and is formed on the bottom side of the rim water conduit 16. In this case, in the present embodiment, the diameter of the water discharge hole is about 4 mm for the auxiliary water discharge hole 46 and the auxiliary water discharge hole 51, about 13 mm for the first correction water discharge hole 45, and about 13 mm for the rim front end water discharge hole 44 and the second correction water discharge hole. The water discharge hole 48 is about 10 mm, the third correction water discharge hole 49 and the fourth correction water discharge hole 50 are about 5 mm, and the right central water discharge hole 47 is about 16 mm.
The washing water flowing into the rim water conduit 16 passes along the rim water conduit 16 along the water conduit at a speed (flow rate) depending on the flow rate provided by the cleaning water supply device, and reaches each water discharge hole. Has a direction according to the position of the water discharge hole around the rim water channel. Therefore, as shown schematically in FIG. 1, each of the above-mentioned water discharge holes discharges the washing water toward the ball bottom portion 13 along the surface of the toilet bowl portion 12 while reflecting the directionality of the washing water. .
At a substantially central portion on the left and right sides of the toilet in the rim water conduit 16, a left bulge 52 and a right bulge 53 protruding from the bottom of the water conduit are formed. The two raised portions distinguish the rim water conduit 16 into an expanded water conduit 16a having a large cross-sectional area of the water conduit on the upstream side and a narrow water conduit 16b having a narrow cross-sectional area of the water conduit on the downstream side with respect to the flow direction of the washing water. I do. Therefore, the amount of flushing water increases in the expansion headrace 16a, and the flushing water that has been rectified in the left and right ridges flows in the narrow headrace 16b.
When the wash water is discharged from each of the above-mentioned water discharge holes such as the base first water discharge hole 41, the base first water discharge hole 41 and the base second water discharge hole 42 have an elongated hole shape and an extended conductive shape. Since it is the water discharge hole in the water channel 16a and close to the cleaning water supply channel 18, the cleaning water is discharged at a larger flow rate than the other water discharge holes. In addition, the first correction water discharge hole 45, the right center water discharge hole 47, the rim front end side water discharge hole 44, and the second correction water discharge hole 48 are rectified in the narrow water passage 16b, so that the directionality of the discharge cleaning water is reduced. The cleaning water is discharged in a stable state, and the discharge amount at that time depends on the hole diameter.
As shown in FIG. 4, the left central water discharge hole 43 is formed with a hole diameter of about 16 mm in the left bulge 52, and the opening direction thereof coincides with the flow direction of the wash water in the expansion water passage 16 a. . Therefore, the flush water discharged from the left central water discharge hole 43 proceeds straight from the left central water discharge hole 43 and is guided to the upper edge peripheral wall 55 of the toilet bowl portion 12 at the lower end of the rim 14, and its discharge is performed. The trajectory is as shown by the ejection trajectory TS in FIGS. In this case, the rim 14 has a hanging plate portion 56 on the side of the toilet bowl portion 12 of the narrow water conduit 16b from the left bulging portion 52 to the toilet front side, and a front region of the left central portion water discharge hole 43, It is surrounded by the hanging plate portion 56, the bottom portion 57 of the narrow water conduit 16b, and the upper peripheral wall 55. Therefore, the left central water discharge hole 43 discharges the cleaning water along the above-described discharge locus TS with high directionality and convergence.
Next, a description will be given of the cleaning water behavior when the cleaning water is discharged from the base first water discharging hole 41 and the like. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view illustrating the behavior of the wash water discharged from the base first water discharge hole 41 and the base second water discharge hole 42. FIG. 6 is a left central water discharge hole 43 and a first correction water discharge hole 45. FIG. 6A is an explanatory view for explaining the discharge of the wash water from the rim front end side water discharge hole 44, the second correction water discharge hole 48, and the right center water discharge hole 47. FIG. FIG. 6B is an explanatory diagram illustrating the behavior of the cleaning water when it is assumed that the cleaning water has been performed, and FIG. 6B is an explanatory diagram illustrating the behavior of the cleaning water generated by discharging the cleaning water from each of the water discharge holes. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the behavior of the wash water caused by the discharge of the wash water from all the water discharge holes, and FIG. 8 shows that each main stream causing the behavior of the wash water individually merges with the reservoir RS. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a virtual situation, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a turning behavior of the stored water when both main flows simultaneously merge with the stored water RS.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the base first water discharge hole 41 and the base second water discharge hole 42 are formed at the rear side of the toilet and open to the bottom of the extended water passage 16 a. Therefore, both of the water discharge holes discharge the wash water from obliquely above the stored water RS toward the front of the toilet. In this case, since both of the water discharge holes have a long hole shape, the cleaning water is discharged so as to be wider and wider than the long hole shape. Since the two water discharge holes are formed adjacent to each other, the flow of the cleaning water after the discharge is merged. Therefore, the merged main flow (first main flow S1) having a correct directionality and strong water force is obtained. Is formed, and the first main stream S1 is combined with the stored water RS. The first main stream S1 merges from the above-mentioned water discharge hole position and the flush water discharge direction with respect to the stored water RS obliquely right forward from the back left side of the toilet in plan view as illustrated. Further, since the first main stream S1 is due to the merging of the washing water streams from both the water discharge holes, the first main stream S1 takes a stable trajectory and merges with the stored water RS. The flush water discharged from the two water discharge holes and not involved in the formation of the first main flow S1 joins the pool water RS as a flow on both sides of the first main flow S1, and the surface of the toilet bowl portion 12 where the first main flow S1 does not reach. Wash off. The same applies to the cleaning water discharged from the auxiliary water discharging hole 46.
The left central water discharge hole 43 discharges the wash water guided to the rim water conduit 16 from the same side as the first base water discharge hole 41 and the second base water discharge hole 42 (specifically, the left side of the toilet). As shown in FIG. 6A, the cleaning water discharged in this way flows along the above-described discharge trajectory TS so as to circulate along the upper peripheral wall 55 (see FIG. 4). However, together with the discharge of the cleaning water from the left central water discharge hole 43, the cleaning water from the first correction water discharge hole 45, the rim front end side water discharge hole 44, the second correction water discharge hole 48, and the right central water discharge hole 47. Discharge has also occurred. The discharge of the wash water from each of the water discharge holes intersects with the discharge trajectory TS of the wash water discharged from the left central water discharge hole 43. Therefore, in the flow of the flush water on the discharge trajectory TS, the flush water discharged from the first correction water discharge hole 45, the discharge wash water from the rim front end water discharge hole 44, and the second correction water discharge hole 48 are provided on the toilet front side. And the cleaning water discharged from the third correction water discharging hole 49 are sequentially merged. Further, on the right side of the toilet, opposite to the left central water discharge hole 43, the flow of the cleaning water of the discharge trajectory TS is caused by the discharge cleaning water from the right central water discharge hole 47 and the fourth correction water discharge hole 50. Discharge cleaning water merges.
Such merging of the cleaning water corrects the flow of the cleaning water on the discharge trajectory TS through the merging, and also corrects the flow of the cleaning water on the discharge trajectory TS by merging into the main flow of the flow having the correct directionality and strong water force (second flow). The main stream S2) is combined with the second main stream S2. The second main stream S2 is obtained by merging and correcting the flow of the washing water of the discharge trajectory TS around the upper edge peripheral wall 55 on the toilet front side and the toilet right side. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the toilets merge obliquely from the right front to the left rear in plan view. In the second mainstream S2, since the cleaning water discharged from a plurality of water discharge holes such as the first correction water discharge hole 45 has been merged and corrected, a stable trajectory is taken to the reservoir water RS. At the time of merging and pooling, as shown in FIG. 6 (b) and FIG. 7, the first main stream S1 and the toilet RS have a substantially parallel relationship across the pool RS in a horizontal plan view of the toilet bowl, and the pools of the two main streams merge. A swirling flow in the same rotation direction is generated in the water RS. In addition, in the auxiliary water discharge hole 51 and the fourth correction water discharge hole 50 on the water discharge hole side, the surface (the rear surface of the toilet) of the toilet bowl portion 12 where the second mainstream S2 does not reach is flushed.
As described above, the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 are substantially parallel to the stored water RS in the toilet horizontal plane view, and have a relationship such that a swirling flow in the same rotation direction is generated in the stored water RS. In the toilet bowl 10 of the embodiment, when each main flow causes a swirl flow in the reservoir water RS, the main flows do not disturb each other in the swirl direction of the swirl flow. For this reason, the swirling flow is promoted without disturbing the swirling flow, so that the energy (water force) of the discharge cleaning water can be used without waste to generate the swirling flow, thereby increasing the efficiency of pushing the stored water by the swirling flow. be able to. These effects will be described later.
Next, a description will be given of an inner wall structure of the ball portion for causing such a main stream to merge. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the toilet bowl 10 in a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10 in FIG. 1, which is near the converging pool of the second main stream S2. As shown in FIG. 10 and FIGS. 1 to 3, in the toilet bowl 10 of the present embodiment, the inner wall of the toilet bowl portion 12 on the front side of the toilet bowl is provided with an upper peripheral wall 55 below the rim 14 and a gentle slope following the upper peripheral wall 55. An inclined portion 60, an inclined portion 61 that is greatly inclined, and a lower end shelf 62 in which the inclination is suppressed are provided, and the lower end shelf 62 is located near the water surface in the reservoir RS. The lower end shelf 62 receives the first main flow S1 and guides the swirl, and also shows the swirling condition of the wash water generated by the first main flow S1 merging with the stored water RS as shown in FIG. The lead S1L for turning the water RS in the depth direction is reduced.
Further, the inner wall of the toilet bowl portion 12 on the rear side of the toilet bowl is a rear inclined portion 63 which is inclined substantially uniformly from below the rim 14 at a large inclination. The rear inclined portion 63 is configured to reach the trap inlet 22 of the ball bottom 13 below the surface of the reservoir water RS. As shown in FIG. 10, the inner wall of the toilet bowl portion 12 on the side of the toilet bowl has, as shown in FIG. 10, left and right inclined portions 64 </ b> R and 64 </ b> L following the upper edge peripheral wall 55 below the rim 14 and left and right inclined portions 65 </ b> R. , 65L. The inclined portions 64R and 64L are connected to the inclined portion 60 on the front side of the toilet, serve as a washing water receiving surface when the flow of the second main flow S2 is corrected, and are connected to the rear inclined portion 63 on the rear side of the toilet. Although the inclined portion 64L guides the first main flow S1 to near the reservoir RS, the first main flow S1 flows obliquely from the rear to the front. Is performed by the lower end shelf 62 as described above.
The inclined portions 65R and 65L are connected to the inclined portion 61 on the front side of the toilet and to the rear inclined portion 63 on the rear side of the toilet. The inclined portion 65R and the following rear inclined portion 63 receive the second main flow S2 corrected as described above and join and guide the same to the pool water RS, and the combined second main flow S2 joins the pool water RS. Defines the swirling condition of washing water that occurs. In this case, the inclination of both the inclined portion 65R and the rear inclined portion 63 is increased, and the state of the inclination is caused by the rise of the reservoir water level ΔH and the reservoir surface width in FIG. In comparison with the expansion ΔS of the water depth, the expansion of the water surface ΔS is about 1/5 to 2/5 with respect to the increase of the water level of the storage water ΔH, and the expansion ratio of the water surface area at the rise of the water level is larger than the original area. It is within about 40%. In other words, the second main stream S2 joins the pool water RS with such a large inclination, and is guided to turn at these inclined portions even after the pool water merges. For this reason, the turning state of the washing water that occurs when the second main stream S2 merges with the stored water RS, as shown in FIG. 8, is such that the lead S2L of the turning in the depth direction of the stored water RS becomes large. Become. Since the inclined portion 65R, the rear inclined portion 63, and the inclined portion 65L are curved surfaces, the degree of the inclination has been described in comparison with the above-described increase in the accumulated water level ΔH and the expansion of the accumulated water surface ΔS. In the vertical cross-sectional shape, the angle formed by the pool water surface and the cross-sectional peripheral wall surface of the peripheral wall portion may be made a steep angle so as to be about 5 to 25 °. In this way, the second main flow S2 guided by each of the above-described inclined portions can be a swirling flow of the large lead S2L.
By the way, the swirling flows that occur after each of the above main stream mergings do not occur independently, but occur simultaneously in stored water. Therefore, it is assumed that the following behavior is adopted.
As described above, the swirling flow caused by the second main flow S2 to the stored water RS such that the swirling lead becomes large causes the pushing of the stored water RS based on the swirling toward the ball bottom 13 side, that is, toward the trap inlet 22. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, this pushing also affects the swirling flow of the swirling lead generated by the first main flow S1, so that the dirt swirling on the swirling flow of the first main flow S1 and the swirling cleaning water itself are trapped. Push it toward the entrance 22. For this reason, the pushing performance of the stored water RS and the waste can be further improved. Even in the case where such a pushing is exerted, disturbance in the swirling direction of the swirling flow does not occur.
In addition, since the bowl bowl portion 12 has the bowl bottom 13 in a mortar shape, the turning radii of the two swirling flows toward the trap inlet 22 gradually decrease, and the momentum of the swirling flow increases. . For this reason, the performance of the pushing by the swirling flow described above is further improved. The effect obtained by doing so will be described later.
When the stored water swirl based on the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 described above occurs, the washing water and the dirt in the toilet bowl 12 enter the siphon trap 20 from the trap inlet 22 (pushed in), and are performed as follows. And discharged from the siphon trap 20. Here, a detailed configuration of the siphon trap 20 will be described prior to the description of the state of waste discharge. FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a cross section of the pipeline along the line 11-11 in FIG. 3 for explaining the pipeline configuration of the siphon trap 20, and FIG. FIG. 13 is an explanatory view taken along a line -12, FIG. 13 is an explanatory view taken along a line 13-13 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 11, and FIG. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram viewed in cross section along line 3-14 and FIG. 11.
The top conduit section 26 extends rearward of the toilet continuity with the ascending conduit section 24, and flushes flush water from the top weir 30 to the descending conduit section 28. In the present embodiment, the top pipe section 26 has a pipe cross-sectional area larger than that of the rising pipe section 24, and is air-sealed to the uppermost portion 70 of the inner wall of the top pipe section 26 as described later. It is possible to aim at.
The top conduit 26 has, in addition to the top weir 30, a tongue 71 projecting obliquely downward from the top weir 30 toward the descending conduit 28. The top weir 30 serves as a turning point of the pipeline from the ascending pipeline 24 to the descending pipeline 28 to regulate the water level as described above, whereas the tongue 71 is connected to the pipeline. The shape characteristic of projecting obliquely downward and inward serves as a guide when the washing water passes over the top weir 30 and flows down into the descending pipeline 28. Therefore, the washing water that has reached the top weir 30 flows down to the descending pipeline 28 under the guidance of the tongue 71, and the upper pipeline shelf 75 and the lower pipeline shelf described later of the descending pipeline 28 have. It reaches the portion 77 without fail, catches and rebounds at these shelves, and flows downstream. Since the tongue 71 is bent obliquely downward and protrudes as shown in the figure, the lower surface area becomes an air pool when the washing water is discharged.
The descending pipeline 28 includes a curved pipeline 72, an intermediate pipeline 73, and a terminal pipeline 74 from the side of the top pipeline 26. As shown in FIGS. 11 to 14, the descending conduit portion 28 is configured such that the curved conduit portion 72 and the intermediate conduit portion 73 are formed so that the area of the conduit cross section decreases gradually over the terminal conduit portion 74. Prepare. That is, the curved pipe section 72 and the intermediate pipe section 73 are configured so that their cross-sectional areas decrease and gradually change in the direction of passage of the washing water passing through these pipe sections. As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the toilet is narrowed toward the pipeline axis side in the lateral direction of the toilet.
The curved conduit portion 72 includes an upper conduit shelf 75 at a connection portion of the intermediate conduit portion 73. The upper pipeline shelf 75 receives the cleaning water that has been guided from the tongue 71 and flows down from the top weir 30, causes the cleaning water to bounce, and drops the cleaning water into the downstream intermediate pipeline 73.
The intermediate pipeline 73 includes a lower pipeline shelf 77 at a connection portion of the terminal pipeline 74. The lower pipeline shelf 77 receives the wash water flowing down from the tongue portion 71 and the wash water transmitted from the upper pipeline shelf 75 along the outer peripheral wall portion 76 of the intermediate pipeline 73 and receives these wash water. It rebounds and drops washing water into the downstream end line 74.
As shown in FIG. 14, the end pipe section 74 has a cylindrical outer wall shape, and the inside thereof is a pipe section 79 having an elliptical cross section. Then, the terminal pipe section 74 is so-called slip-in to a drain port (not shown) via a drain connector (not shown), and connects the descending pipe section 28 to the drain port. The end pipe section 74 is provided with a through-hole 78 opened at the lower end of the pipe section 79 except for the lowermost shelf section 80, and the through-hole 78 functions as a diaphragm having a small opening area. The lowermost shelf 80 receives the washing water that has rebounded to the toilet bowl section 12 at the upper pipeline shelf 75 and the lower pipeline shelf 77, causes the flushing water to bounce, and allows the flushing water to pass through the through hole 78. To drain.
As described above, since the descending pipeline section 28 has the upper pipeline shelf section 75 and the lower pipeline shelf section 77, when the flow rate of the washing water flowing over the top weir 30 and flowing down into the descending pipeline section 28 is small, Then, the washing water is received and rebounded by the lower pipeline shelf 77, and if the amount of water flowing down is large, the washing water is received and rebounded by both the upper pipeline shelf 75 and the lower pipeline shelf 77. Therefore, regardless of the flow rate of the dropped washing water, the washing water is discharged to the drain port after the washing water is received and rebounded at the lowermost shelf portion 80 of the end pipe 74. In this case, the positional relationship between the outer peripheral wall portion 76 of the intermediate conduit portion 73 and the tongue portion 71 of the top weir 30 is based on the minimum flow rate assumed in the present embodiment when the flow rate (discharge rate) of water supplied from the washing water supply device is assumed. (About 40 liters / min), the washing water flowing down from the top dam 30 surely bounces off the lower pipeline shelf 77. Further, the pipe area of the intermediate pipe section 73 and the opening area of 78 in the end pipe section 74 are determined as described below even if the flow rate of water supplied from the cleaning water supply device is the minimum flow rate described above. It is said that storage will occur.
The manner in which waste water is discharged by the descending conduit section 28 having such a configuration will be described with reference to the behavior of washing water in the descending conduit section 28. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the behavior of the washing water at the beginning of the washing start, FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the manner in which the washing water is stored and stored in the terminal conduit 74, and FIG. FIG.
When a flush button or a flush lever (not shown) is operated to start flushing the toilet, flush water flows from the flush water supply device into the rim water conduit 16 and is flushed in the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 as described above. Water flows into the reservoir RS. Then, as shown in FIG. 15, the washing water that has entered the rising pipe section 24 is pushed into the washing water that has flowed into the reservoir RS, and the water level in the rising pipe section 24 rises. The pushing of the washing water is caused by the swirling flow based on the merging of the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 into the reservoir RS in substantially the same direction in the same rotational direction as described above.
The flush water pushed in this way flows down from the rising pipe section 24 to the descending pipe section 28 through the top weir 30 of the top pipe section 26. As shown in FIG. 16, this washing water is received by the upper pipeline shelf 75 and the lower pipeline shelf 77 of the descending pipeline 28 and rebounds. The washing water that has rebounded in this manner changes the direction of the washing water flow toward the downstream end pipe 74 and flows down further downstream. At this time, the washing water flows down the pipe with the entrainment of air in the descending pipe. As a result, the flow rate of the washing water decreases due to the change in the flow direction, and reaches the downstream end pipe section 74. Due to such cleaning water behavior, downstream of the upper pipeline shelf 75, sealing of the downstream pipeline with the cleaning water starts as follows.
Since the end pipe 74 has the lowermost shelf 80, the washing water is further bounced off the lowermost shelf 80, and then the washing water is discharged from the through hole 78. In this case, as shown in FIG. 14, since the opening area of the through-hole 78 is narrowed, the terminal pipe part 74 discharges a part of the cleaning water from the through-hole 78, but the cleaning water is discharged. It is stored in the pipe section 79.
In the present embodiment, even under the condition that the washing water is supplied at the above minimum flow rate, since the washing water is stored and stored, the falling speed based on the rebound on the shelf portion is reduced, The flow rate of the wash water flowing down the downcomer 28 beyond the top weir 30 exceeds the flow rate of the wash water flowing to the outlet through the end line 74. Therefore, at the beginning of the cleaning, the storage of the cleaning water in the terminal conduit 74 and the discharge to the drain port can be caused in parallel. Then, the amount of the stored washing water in the end pipe 74 increases as the flow of the washing water into the descending pipe 28 continues. During the continuation of the drop of the washing water, the flow of the washing water flowing over the top weir 30 and flowing down into the descending duct part 28 is moved from the tip of the tongue 71 of the top weir 30 to the upper conduit shelf as shown in FIG. It acts like a water curtain over section 75 or lower pipeline shelf 77.
In the initial state of the washing, in which the washing water is stored and discharged in the end pipe part 74, the air remaining downstream from the upper pipe shelf 75 is the above-mentioned washing water that rebounds from the shelf part. And is discharged from the end pipe 74. Then, since the storing of the washing water in the above-described end pipe section 74 is continued, as shown in FIG. 17, the intermediate pipe section 73 and the end pipe section 74 are filled with the washing water and sealed. As a result, a water column extending from the terminal conduit portion 74 to the top weir 30 is formed by the continuation of the subsequent flow of the cleaning water, and the cleaning water column prevents entry of air from outside the through hole 78. . Even after the formation of the water column, the flow of the washing water from the top weir 30 to the descending conduit portion 28 is continued, and the amount of stored washing water in the terminal conduit portion 74 is increased. When the formed water column in the pipe section 28 falls into the through hole 78, the head of the cleaning water flows through the head, so that a pressure reduction phenomenon occurs in the trap. In addition, the flow of the washing water that passes through the rising pipe section 24 and climbs over the top weir 30 and flows into the descending pipe section 28 is continued during this depressurization phenomenon. No air is sucked in from the side. Therefore, a so-called siphon effect of sucking the washing water of the toilet bowl portion 12 occurs due to a difference in the level of the pool water level of the toilet bowl portion 12 and the height of the end pipe portion 74, and this siphoning operation is performed until the siphon disappears due to air suction. The siphon action continues. For this reason, the filth of the toilet bowl portion 12 is forcibly sucked and discharged into the siphon trap 20 together with the stored water and the water supply washing water.
By the way, the air remaining in the uppermost portion 70 of the inner wall of the top conduit portion 26 from the beginning remains sealed in the uppermost portion 70 of the inner wall, and is discharged from the descending conduit portion 28 by the above-described entrainment by the washing water. Since the air that has not been formed has already been formed in the descending pipe section 28, a water column has already been formed. Also, air may accumulate on the lower surface of the tongue 71. However, since the cleaning and storing of the cleaning water occurs in the end pipe section 74 and the sealing state is maintained, air does not enter the through-hole 78. Further, since there is no air suction even on the side of the toilet bowl 12, the formed water column is not cut off by the sealing air and the infiltrating air, so that the siphon action generated as described above is continued. For this reason, the dirt in the toilet bowl 12 is forcibly sucked and discharged into the siphon trap 20 together with the stored water RS by the siphon action. In other words, this toilet bowl 10 is different from the existing toilet bowl that discharges air at a stretch by flush water supply at a large flow rate to fill up the pipeline, that is, at the top 70 of the inner wall of the top pipeline 26. Even in a situation where air remains or air accumulates on the lower surface of the tongue portion 71, there is a characteristic that the siphon action is generated and continued by supplying the cleaning water with a small flow rate. In order to generate and continue the siphon action, the ascending pipeline 24, the top pipeline 26, the descending pipeline 28, and the end pipeline 74 of the siphon trap 20 take the above-described unique shape. Was.
When the siphon action is generated and continued, the residual air sealed in the uppermost portion 70 of the inner wall of the top conduit 26 is caught in the suctioned washing water and continuously discharged together with the washing water. It is expected to be.
By the way, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 14, the descending pipeline portion 28 is configured such that the pipeline area decreases toward the descending side. Therefore, the storage of the washing water dropped into the descending pipeline 28 over the top weir 30 is promoted in the terminal pipeline 74, so that the cleaning water can be more reliably stored. For this reason, the reliability of generation and continuation of the siphon action due to the above-described air discharge and sealing can be improved. In other words, the forced suction of the dirt and the like can be reliably performed by the siphon action, and the dirt discharge performance can be enhanced.
In the present embodiment, since the turning is caused by the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 having different turning leads, the pushing efficiency due to the turning is increased as can be seen from the effect comparison described later. Therefore, as described above, the appearance of the occurrence and continuation of the siphon action under the air remaining state is described by connecting the U-shaped pipe to an appropriate place of the siphon trap 20, for example, near the uppermost part 70 of the inner wall, and starting from the start of toilet flushing. It can be confirmed by observing the change in the liquid level of the U-time tube. FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing the installation state of a U-shaped pipe for confirming the occurrence and continuation of the siphon action under the air remaining state, and FIG. 19 is a graph showing a change in the liquid level of the U-shaped pipe.
As shown in the figure, the liquid level of the U-shaped tube 90 shifted to the positive pressure side at the beginning of the siphon generation, and then became negative pressure. This can be considered as follows. That is, in the present embodiment, a part of the descending pipeline is sealed with a small amount of washing water at the beginning of washing, so that when washing water is pushed into the siphon trap by swirling at the beginning of washing, residual air is compressed. It can be explained that the pressure in the pipeline has increased in response to this. The reason why the negative pressure was observed after the generation of the positive pressure can be explained by the forced suction of the washing water in the pipeline caused by the generation of the siphon. Therefore, it is considered that a toilet which causes such a change in the liquid level of the U-shaped tube causes the flushing water to be pushed by a strong pushing force in the state of remaining air, and the subsequent generation and continuation of the siphon action.
When the flow rate of the flush water used for flushing the toilet is set to a total flow rate (about 6 liters) that is highly effective as a water-saving toilet, the above-mentioned positive pressure / negative pressure is applied to the existing toilet simply causing swirl of water. Did not appear, and only a negative pressure phenomenon occurred consistently from the beginning of cleaning.
Next, the waste discharge effect in the present embodiment will be described. First, the washing water supply device will be described. Since the present invention is not subject to structural restrictions on washing water supply, in the following description, a water supply apparatus using a jet pump will be described, but the head pressure of the washing water stored in the washing water tank will be described. Naturally, the present invention can be applied to water supply. FIG. 20 is a perspective view partially showing a state in which the flush water supply device 100 is incorporated in the toilet bowl 10, and FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the periphery of the flush water supply device 100 in a sectional view. .
The flush water supply device 100 is housed and arranged in the equipment compartment 11 behind the toilet, and supplies flush water to the rim water conduit 16 of the rim 14. As shown in detail in FIG. 21, the cleaning water supply device 100 has a cleaning water tank 108 for storing cleaning water. Further, the washing water supply apparatus 100 includes a pipe 110 connected to a water supply pipe via a water stop valve 109, and the pipe penetrates branch pipes 110a and 110b, which are branched in a bifurcated manner, through the tank side wall, and the washing water tank. 108. The washing water tank 108 has an open upper end, which simplifies installation and maintenance of a ball tap 115, a jet pump 113, and the like described later in the tank.
The branch pipe 110 a is provided with a flush valve 111 in a pipe in the tank, and serves as a pipe for passing washing water (operating water) to the jet pump 113. The flush valve 111 is provided with a handle 111a operated at the time of flushing the toilet, and the pipe is opened by operating the handle to flow the flush water downstream.
Downstream of the flush valve 111, a pipe 112 and a pipe 114 are provided with a jet pump 113 interposed therebetween as a washing water pipe thereafter. The pipe 112 descends to the vicinity of the bottom of the washing water tank 108, takes a path bent sideways along the tank bottom at the lower end, and is connected to the jet pump 113 at the end of the path. A pipe 114 downstream of the jet pump 113 guides the jet pump jet cleaning water to the rim water conduit 16 via the cleaning water supply channel 18.
The pipe 114 has a path as shown in FIG. 20, and has a rising pipe section 114a extending upward from the jet pump 113 to the vicinity of the upper end of the tank. It has a horizontal pipe section 114b extending to the outside of the water tank 108, a descending pipe section 114c bent and lowered along the tank outer wall, and a communication pipe section 114d communicating with the washing water supply channel 18 at a downstream end thereof. In this case, the horizontal pipe portion 114b is piped so as to take a position higher than the full water level WS when the wash water tank 108 is filled with the wash water W2 before the toilet flush, and in the middle of the pipe. It has a vacuum breaker 114e. Therefore, even if the flush water tries to flow backward from the toilet 10 for any reason, the backflow of the flush water to the flush water tank 108 can be easily and reliably prevented by releasing the pipeline to the atmosphere by the vacuum breaker 114e. Further, the communication pipe portion 114d at the pipe end of the pipe 114 is watertightly connected to the connection hole 19 of the washing water supply passage 18 at a position higher than the full water level WS.
The branch pipe 110b is connected to the ball tap 115 in the tank, and supplies the cleaning water to the cleaning water tank 108 in accordance with the opening and closing of the ball tap 115. The ball tap 115 is connected to one end of the floating ball support rod 116, and the other end of the support rod is connected to the floating ball 117. The floating ball 117 is provided in a small tank 118 attached to the upper part of the washing water tank 108. The upper end of the small tank 118 is open. A small diameter through hole 118 a is formed in the bottom wall of the small tank 118. Accordingly, the floating ball 117 moves up and down according to the amount of cleaning water (water level) in the small tank 118, and the ball tap 115 is opened and closed in conjunction with the vertical movement of the floating ball, whereby the cleaning water tank 108 is maintained at a predetermined full water level WS by this opening and closing. You.
The jet pump 113 jets the wash water (tap water) supplied from the pipe 112 toward the pipe 114 that is disposed opposite. The washing water thus injected enters the throat at the lower end of the pipe 114, and at that time, the tank washing water in the washing water tank 108 is drawn into the throat and flows therein. In this way, the jet water that has undergone the increased flow velocity is supplied to the rim conduit 16 from the pipe 114 via the washing water supply passage 18. Thereafter, the washing water is discharged from each of the water discharge holes of the rim water conduit 16 as described above.
In addition, the tap water pressure (primary side pressure) at the time of performing the above-mentioned flush water supply is the total flush water used for flushing the toilet (about 4.5 to 6 liters), the flush water flow rate supplied to the jet pump (about 18). ２５25 liters / min) and about 0.098 MPa (about 1 kgf / cm ² ) The primary feedwater pressure is as low as).
The suspension of water supply is as follows. The water level of the washing water W2 in the washing water tank 108 becomes lower than the level of the jet pump 113 when the accumulated water RS in the toilet bowl 12 is sucked and the toilet bowl 12 is emptied and the siphon action stops. Then, the suction operation of the jet pump 113 stops due to the suction of air. Thereafter, the tap water discharged from the injection nozzle 131 reaches the rim 14 through the pipe 114 and is supplied to the toilet bowl 12. As a result, the tap water flows into the emptied toilet bowl portion 12, and the accumulated water RS accumulates to a water level determined by the top dam 30.
The flush valve 111 automatically closes when a predetermined amount of tap water is supplied. As a result, the supply of tap water to the jet pump 113 stops, and the operation of the jet pump 113 stops. The timing of stopping the flush valve 111, that is, the timing of stopping the supply of tap water, is adjusted in anticipation of the time when the stored water RS in the toilet bowl portion 12 reaches the above-mentioned water level as described above. In this timing adjustment, the flush valve 111 is designed and manufactured so as to stop at a timing based on the amount of stored water, the degree of increase in the flow rate by the jet pump 113, the total amount of flush water used for flushing the toilet, and the like.
Since the cleaning water W2 is discharged from the cleaning water tank 108 by the operation of the jet pump 113, the water level of the cleaning water W2 in the cleaning water tank 108 decreases. As the water level of the cleaning water W2 in the cleaning water tank 108 decreases, the water level of the cleaning water W2 in the small tank 118 also decreases. In this case, the washing water W2 in the small tank 118 gradually flows into the washing water tank 108 through the small-diameter through hole 118a formed in the bottom wall, so that the water level of the washing water W2 in the small tank 118 decreases. The speed is smaller than the speed at which the water level of the washing water W2 in the washing water tank 108 decreases. Therefore, since the floating ball 117 descends at a low descending speed, the ball tap 15 opens after the supply of the washing water to the jet pump 113. Since the descending speed of the floating ball 117 depends on the washing water passage speed of the through hole 118a, that is, the through hole diameter, the valve opening timing of the ball tap 115 can be adjusted by adjusting the through hole diameter. In the present embodiment, the following was performed. That is, when the operation of the jet pump 113 is stopped after the flush valve 111 is closed and the flushing of the toilet 10 is completed, the diameter of the through hole 118a is adjusted so that the floating ball 117 is lowered to a predetermined level. Therefore, at approximately the same time as the end of the toilet flush, the ball tap 115 opens to start supplying and replenishing the flush water to the flush water tank 108, and thereafter the flush water tank 108 is flushed with the flush water level WS. The storage state of W2 is set.
Next, effects obtained by the toilet 10 incorporating the above-described flush water supply device 100 will be described. The toilet bowl to be compared with is an existing tank-type siphon trap toilet, which has a siphon trap with a substantially uniform pipe area and causes swirling of stored water by discharging flush water to the bowl portion of the toilet bowl. It is. As a comparison test, a general fine particle remaining number test and a PP (polypropylene) ball remaining number test were performed as indicating the waste discharging ability. In this case, in the fine particle remaining number test, about 2500 fine particles having a particle size of about 4.5 mm were floated in the pool water, and the toilet was washed in this state. In this test, if the number of remaining fine particles is 125 or less, it is considered that there is a waste discharging ability. In the PP ball remaining number test, 100 PP balls having a particle size of about 19 mm were floated in pool water, and the toilet was washed in this state. In this test, if the number of remaining PP balls is 25 or less, it is determined that the waste material has a waste discharging ability. The above-mentioned test was performed on the toilet bowl 10 of the present embodiment and the above-mentioned comparative toilet bowl while changing the total amount of washing water (target value). FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a toilet bowl in comparison with the toilet bowl 10 of the present embodiment in comparison with respective flow rates of water supply to the toilet bowl portion, inflow to the bowl portion, and discharge of washing water from the trap. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the results of evaluation tests performed on the toilet bowl 10 of the present embodiment and the above toilet bowl of the comparative example.
As is clear from FIGS. 22 and 23, the toilet bowl 10 of the present embodiment has a smaller flow rate than the large toilet bowl in terms of the water supply flow rate to the toilet bowl portion, the inflow flow rate to the bowl portion, and the flush water discharge flow rate from the trap. Nevertheless, the result of the evaluation test has been significantly improved. In other words, according to the toilet bowl 10, the cleaning capacity can be remarkably increased with the current total amount of cleaning water (about 6 liters), which is said to have a high water-saving effect. This means that in the present embodiment, since the above-mentioned siphon action is reliably occurring, a strong filth / pool water suction force is acting, and the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 are substantially parallel and rotate in the same direction. It can be said that the pushing of the swirling flow based on the merging in the directions works with high efficiency. Therefore, according to the toilet of the present embodiment, a high waste discharging ability can be exhibited. Although the siphon effect was observed even in the comparative toilet, the suction efficiency of the siphon effect and the pushing efficiency by the swirling flow were not superior to the toilet of the present embodiment due to the difference in the results of the residual number test of fine particles. Was. The PP ball remaining number test was omitted because it was confirmed that a high waste discharge capacity was obtained as described above.
Next, a fine particle remaining number test and a PP ball remaining number test were performed on a water amount (5 liters) smaller than the current total amount of cleaning water. High cleaning ability was demonstrated. Regarding this result, in the present embodiment, since the above-mentioned siphon action is surely occurring, a strong filth / pool water suction force is acting, and the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 are substantially parallel and identical. It can be said that the pushing of the swirling flow based on the merging in the rotating direction works with high efficiency. In particular, the number of PP balls remaining in the pool water could be reduced despite the small amount of the washing water supply of 5 liters (substantially about 4 liters). This can be said to be the result of the swirling flow being pushed with high efficiency based on the merging of the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 in substantially the same direction in the same rotation direction.
Next, the efficiency of swirl flow pushing was compared. That is, the toilet bowl of the example and the toilet bowl of the comparative example were in a state without a siphon trap without changing the flush water supply characteristic to the bowl portion and the stored water, and the swirl flow pushing efficiency was compared. Note that a P pipe having a wall drainage structure was connected to the upper end of the rising pipe section 24 instead of the siphon trap. FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing the toilet of the present embodiment without a siphon trap, and FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing the results of comparison between the product of the example and the product of the comparative example regarding the pushing efficiency of the swirling flow. The comparative test was performed on the PP ball remaining number test.
As shown in FIG. 24, the toilet for confirming the swirl flow pushing efficiency is the same as the toilet in the above-described embodiment, except that the pipeline after the top weir 30 is removed, and the wall drain for the wall is replaced with the siphon trap 20. The drain socket 170 is mounted in a watertight manner. In this case, since no siphon action occurs, in the toilet bowl 10 shown in the drawing, the waste transfer capacity is determined only by the swirl flow pushing efficiency.
As shown in FIG. 25, the toilet bowl 10 of the present example was able to exhibit a higher cleaning ability (PP ball pushing efficiency) than the comparative toilet bowl. This result can be said to be because in the present embodiment, the swirl flow is pushed with high efficiency based on the merging of the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 in substantially the same direction in the same rotation direction.
This means that in the toilet 10 that generates a swirling flow as described above, a high push-in efficiency due to the swirling flow can be obtained. By applying the swirling flow of the present embodiment to a toilet having a structure that does not use such a siphon effect, it is possible to obtain a high cleaning ability. It should be noted that not only the wall drainage specification as shown in FIG. 24 but also a high cleaning ability can be obtained by applying the swirling flow of this embodiment to a case where the drainage pipe is connected to a floor drainage pipe using a curved drainage socket. Can be.
In the present embodiment, the high cleaning ability as described above can be exerted by supplying a small amount of cleaning water. When the amount of wash water supplied to the toilet was confirmed, the result was that the amount of wash water supplied was about 70 l / min for the toilet bowl 10 of the present example, and about 150 l / min for the toilet bowl of the comparative example. At such a low flow rate, the existing toilet bowl did not adopt the low flow rate because the remaining air in the siphon trap could not be expelled from the trap line at the beginning of cleaning. However, according to the present invention, based on a novel idea that the entire remaining air is not discharged at the beginning of the cleaning, it is possible to realize a high capacity with a small flow rate of water supply.
In the existing toilet bowl (comparative product), high water flow, that is, a large flow rate of cleaning water is supplied to the stored water in order to discharge all remaining air at the beginning of cleaning. For this reason, the noise associated with the supply of washing water and the noise associated with the discharge of residual air were also loud. However, in the present embodiment, only a small flow of cleaning water is required, so that the above-mentioned sound is reduced and silence can be improved. According to the results of the sound collecting measuring device, the toilet 10 of the present embodiment was able to reduce the loudness of the sound by about 5 to 10%. When the total amount of washing water was about 4 liters, it was about 66 db in the comparative example, and about 59 db in the present example. When the total amount of the washing water was about 5 liters, according to the present embodiment, about 67 db could be reduced to about 63 db.
In addition, as an embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible to use washing head water supply using a head pressure instead of the washing water supply device 100 described above. FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram for describing a toilet bowl 10 of a modified example in which a flush water storage tank is incorporated.
As shown in the figure, in the toilet 10, a washing water storage tank device 150 is housed in the equipment housing section 11, and washing water in the tank is supplied to the washing water supply passage 18 from the lower surface of the tank via a water supply pipe 151. . The flush water supplied to the flush water supply channel 18 flows into the rim conduit 16 as described above, and is discharged to the toilet bowl portion 12 from each of the water discharge holes such as the base first water discharge hole 41. Thereafter, the washing water is pushed in by the swirling flow due to the merging of the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 in substantially the same direction of rotation, and the siphon action by the siphon trap 20 is caused. Therefore, even in the toilet 10 using the storage tank device 150, effects such as the reduction of the total amount of washing water described above can be obtained.
In this toilet 10, the flow rate of the flush water flowing into the reservoir water RS is determined by the head pressure h obtained at the full water level of the tank flush water stored by the storage tank device 150. Even with this toilet bowl 10, it is not necessary to discharge all the air in the trap at the beginning of cleaning, so that only a small amount of flush water needs to be supplied. Therefore, it is sufficient for the storage tank device 150 to secure the water head pressure h enough to supply a small flow rate of about 70 l / min as described above. For this reason, the height of the storage tank device 150 may be about 1/2 to 2/3 of that of the existing flushing tank type water-saving toilet (water saving target of about 6 liters). Nevertheless, it is possible to achieve a low silhouette, an improved design, and a higher degree of freedom in design.
Next, as described above, even in a situation where air remains at the uppermost portion 70 of the inner wall of the top conduit portion 26 or air accumulates on the lower surface of the tongue portion 71, the siphon water is supplied with a small flow rate of the washing water. The manufacturing process of the toilet bowl 10 that causes and continues the action will be described. FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a base state when the toilet 10 is manufactured.
As shown in the figure, in the base state before firing, the toilet bowl 10 has a toilet bowl body 12, including a toilet bowl portion 12 and a ball bottom portion 13, a toilet body BH that supports them, a device storage portion 11, and a top conduit portion. 26, a top pipe base body TK in the upper half of the rim, a rim base RK including the rim 14 and a front side wall surface of the equipment storage section 11 following the rim 14, and a terminal pipe base body MK to be the end pipe section 74. I have. In this case, the top pipe portion base body TK is a wall portion of the curved pipe of the top pipe portion 26 shown in FIGS. The connection portion of the portion 24, that is, the base material of the wall portion in a predetermined range from the joint portion between the rising conduit portion 24 and the rear inclined portion 63 that partitions the toilet bowl portion 12 to the connection portion with the descending conduit portion 28. Have been. The toilet bowl 10 is manufactured by separately molding each of these bases in advance, and bonding and firing each base as described later.
FIG. 28 is an explanatory view for explaining the state of molding of the end pipe base body MK. FIG. 29 is an explanatory view showing the state of forming when the end pipe section is formed together with the toilet body including the siphon trap pipe for comparison. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 28, a female mold 200 and a male mold 210 are used. Both molds are suction molds formed from a porous member, and deposit mud on the respective mold surfaces. The female mold 200 has a cylindrical bottomed concave portion 201 at the center, and a deformed concave portion 202 for mold matching at an upper surface edge. The male mold 210 has a convex part 211 protruding from the upper surface in a substantially oval shape, and a tip convex part 212 protruding in a circular shape on one end side of the convex part. The mold 200 has a modified projection 213 that fits into the modified recess 202.
When these molds are mated so that the tip convex portion 212 enters the bottomed concave portion 201, as shown in FIG. 28 (b) and FIG. A cavity MKK is formed between the mold surfaces of the part 211.
Then, the slurry is poured into the cavity MKK from an injection port (not shown), and the slurry is deposited on the mold surface of each mold through suction of each mold, and the slurry is deposited. At this time, the cavity MKK has a portion in contact with the mold surface of each mold filled with an inking slurry having a thickness of about 10 mm, and a fluid slurry remains in the remaining portion. After the fluid mud is discharged to the outside from a mud hole (not shown), drying is performed to remove water from the inlaid mud in the cavity. As a result, the so-called soil compaction is completed, and the above two dies are removed from the mold. Then, a cylindrical cup-shaped end pipe base body MK corresponding to the end pipe section 74 before firing is completed. In this case, since the distal end surface of the distal convex portion 212 is joined to the bottom surface of the bottomed concave portion 201 in the above-described cavity, the terminal conduit base MK follows the outer diameter shape of the distal convex portion 212 on the bottom surface. It has a circular through hole 74mk. In the terminal conduit body MK, the outer wall shape is a cylindrical shape following the inner wall shape of the bottomed recess 201, and the inner wall shape is a substantially elliptical shape following the outer wall shape of the convex portion 211. That is, the inner and outer wall shapes can be different. In addition, the through-hole 78mk in the terminal conduit base MK becomes the through-hole 78 after firing, and the bottom part excluding the through-hole 78mk becomes the lowermost shelf 80.
By the way, when the end pipe section is formed together with the toilet body including the siphon trap pipe, left and right side dies 215 and 216 for forming the toilet body are used as shown in FIG. Then, in the base portion corresponding to the terminal pipe portion, the sedimentation of the slurry is so-called single-layered, so that the inner wall shape of the base portion is a shape (circular shape) following the outer wall shape reflecting the mold shape. Inevitably, the inner and outer wall shapes cannot be different as described above.
FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a mold used for molding the top conduit body TK, and FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state of molding of the top conduit body TK.
As shown in FIG. 30, an upper die 220 and a lower die 230 are used for forming the top conduit body TK. Both the upper and lower molds are suction molds made of a porous member, and the slurry is deposited on each mold surface. The upper die 220 has a concave portion 221 that is depressed and formed in a shape that defines the outer wall shape of the top pipe portion base body TK corresponding to the above-described wall portion in the top pipe portion 26, and has left and right edges for mold matching. Has a concave portion 222. The lower mold 230 has a convex portion 231 that is formed to protrude in a shape that defines the inner wall shape of the top conduit body TK, and has, at its left and right edges, an irregular shape that fits into the irregular concave portion 222 of the upper mold 220. It has a protrusion 223.
When these two molds are mated so that the convex portion 231 faces the concave portion 221, a cavity TKK is formed between the mold surfaces of the concave portion 221 and the convex portion 231 as shown in FIG.
Then, the slurry is poured into the cavity TKK from an injection port (not shown), and the deposition, deposition, and drying of the slurry on the mold surface after suction of each mold are performed. Since the so-called soil compaction is completed in the cavity by this drying, the above-mentioned two dies are subsequently die-cut. Then, the top pipe portion base body TK corresponding to the above-mentioned wall surface portion before firing is completed. The inner and outer wall shapes of the top pipe body TK formed in this manner are determined by the shape of the concave and convex portions of the upper and lower dies, so that the inner and outer wall shapes can be varied. The degree of freedom in design is increased. In addition, since the inner and outer wall surfaces of the top pipe body TK can be made into the base surface on the side of depositing and depositing in close contact with the mold surface, it is a wall surface without careless irregularities.
FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the state of die forming of the rim substrate RK.
As shown in the figure, the upper die 240 and the lower die 242 are used for forming the rim base RK. Both the upper and lower molds are suction molds made of a porous member, and the slurry is deposited on each mold surface. The upper mold 240 has a mold surface that defines an upper wall portion of the rim 14 and a front side wall surface of the device housing portion 11 following the rim 14 and an outer wall shape of a portion including a peripheral wall of the rim opening. The lower die 242 has a lower half of the rim 14 and a die surface having a shape that defines the outer wall shape of a portion including the front side wall surface and the rim opening bottom surface peripheral wall. Then, when the two molds are matched, a cavity RKK is formed between the mold surfaces of the two molds, so that the slurry is poured into the cavity RKK from an injection port (not shown), and the mold is suctioned into the mold surface. The sedimentation of mud is deposited, drained, and dried. In this case, in the above-mentioned cavity RKK, mud is deposited and deposited on the upper and lower mold surfaces in a single layer, and drying in this state completes the soil compaction in the cavity. Therefore, after the above-mentioned two dies are die-cut, the base after the die-cutting has the above-described base first water discharge holes 41 and the left central water discharge holes 43 and the like as well as the connection holes 19 and the like. The holes are formed. Then, the rim base RK corresponding to the rim 14 before firing is completed.
FIG. 33 is an explanatory view for explaining a state of the molding of the toilet body base BK, FIG. 34 is a schematic perspective view of a bottom mold 250 used for molding the toilet body base BK, and FIG. 35 is a sectional view taken along line 34-34 in FIG. FIG. 36 is a schematic perspective view of a ball middle mold 260 used for molding the toilet body base BK, FIG. 37 is a schematic perspective view of a split mold 270 used for molding the toilet body base BK, and FIG. FIG. 39 is a schematic perspective view of one side mold 280 used for molding the toilet body base BK, and FIG. 39 is a view showing the state of the mold formation of the toilet body foundation BK around the equipment storage section 11 in the toilet bowl 10 and the inside split mold used for this. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 33, in forming the toilet body body BK, first, a ball middle mold 260 described later is placed on a mold forming stand (not shown) so that the ball convex portion 263 faces upward. Next, the left and right side molds 280 are matched so as to surround the ball middle mold 260. At this time, a split mold 270 is incorporated in the ball middle mold 260 as described later. Thereafter, the bottom mold 250 is aligned so as to rest on the upper edge of the side mold 280. By doing so, the cavity BKK shown in FIG. 33 is formed in an inverted state on the mold surface of each mold. Each mold is a suction mold formed of a porous material, and the slurry is brought into close contact with the mold surface by suction to cause the slaking of the slurry. Further, each mold is formed with an irregular concave portion or convex portion used for mold matching.
The cavity BKK includes a bowl portion 12 and a ball bottom portion 13, a bowl body BH that supports the bowl portion 12 and the bowl portion 13, and a device storage portion 11, and a toilet body base BK including a pipe of the siphon trap 20 excluding a top pipe body TK. Since it is for the formation of That is, as shown, the cavity BKK is surrounded by a cavity portion BKK2 surrounded by the mold surfaces of the ball middle mold 260 and the bottom mold 250, and a mold surface of the split mold 270 and the bottom mold 250 at the front of the toilet and on the left and right sides of the toilet. Cavity portion BKK3, a cavity portion BKK4 surrounded by the bottom mold 250 and the side mold 280 and the mold surface of the ball middle mold 260, and a cavity portion BKK5 surrounded by the mold surface of the ball middle mold 260 and the split mold 270. Note that the cavity portion BKK5 extends to the front and back directions on the paper surface of FIG. 33 and is continuous with the cavity portion BKK2. Even at the cavity portion BKK4, it extends in the front-back direction of the drawing and is continuous with the cavity portion BKK2.
As shown in FIGS. 34 and 35, the bottom die 250 for forming such a cavity BKK has a bottom surface 251 serving as a mold matching portion, and has a convex portion 252 on the upper surface thereof. The convex portion 252 has a convex portion 253 for forming a pipe outer wall of the siphon trap 20 and a convex portion 254 for forming a lower wall of the device housing portion 11, and the convex portion 253 has a trap concave portion 255. The trap concave portion 255 conforms to the outer wall shape of the descending conduit portion 28 of the siphon trap 20, and also has the outer shape of the lower surface side of the ball bottom portion 13 of the toilet bowl portion 12 and the lower surface side of the lower portion of the toilet bowl portion 12. It is depressed and formed so as to conform to the outer shape and the outer wall shape on the lower surface side and the bottom side of the lower surface side leg portion BHK (see FIG. 27) in the toilet body BH, and to define these shapes. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the descending pipeline portion 28 has a tapered shape that becomes narrower downward, so that even in the trap recessed portion 255, at a portion corresponding to the descending pipeline portion 28, FIG. As shown in FIG.
The convex portion 254 is formed so as to form a part of the above-described cavity portion BKK4 so that its upper surface shape conforms to the outer shape of the lower wall of the lower wall of the device housing portion 11. The entire area of the base material corresponding to the lower wall of the device housing portion 11 is formed by the convex portion 254, a side die 280, and a ball middle die 260 described later.
As shown in FIG. 36, the ball middle die 260 has, at its upper end, a connection portion between an upper upper edge portion 261 serving as a matching portion with upper edges of left and right side dies 280 to be described later, and the rim base RK described above. And a lower upper edge 262 for forming The ball middle die 260 has a ball convex portion 263 and a rear convex portion 264 on the lower surface of the lower upper edge portion.
The ball convex portion 263 has a lower end convex portion 265 formed at the lower end thereof in a convex shape so as to define the inner peripheral wall shape of the ball bottom portion 13. The lower end convex portion 265 has an end cutout 266 formed so as to conform to the opening shape of the trap inlet 22 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) of the ascending conduit 24.
The convex shape of the ball convex portion 263 except for the lower end convex portion 265 is the entire inner peripheral wall shape of the toilet bowl portion 12, specifically, the upper peripheral wall 55, the inclined portion 60, and the inclined portion 61 shown in FIGS. , The lower end shelf portion 62 and the rear inclined portion 63 are formed so as to conform to the inner peripheral wall shape and to define these shapes.
The rear convex portion 264 has an insertion recess 268 on the side facing the ball convex portion 263 for inserting and assembling a split mold 270 described later. The rear convex portion 264 has a lower end surface and a rear end surface (left end surface in the drawing) formed on the lower wall and the inner surface side of the rear wall of the device housing portion 11 so as to form a part of the cavity portion BKK4. It conforms to the outer shape.
As shown in FIG. 37, the split mold 270 includes an insertion portion 271 that enters the insertion recess 268 of the above-described ball middle die 260 and a conduit-forming projection 272 joined in a forked shape. In this case, the relationship between the insertion site 271 and the insertion recess 268 is as follows. That is, a cavity can be formed without rattling in a state in which the insertion portion 271 is inserted into the insertion recess 268 and the split mold 270 is incorporated into the inverted ball middle mold 260, and the cavity is formed with the ball middle mold 260 during a die-cutting operation described later. The size and shape of the insertion portion 271 and the insertion recess 268 have been adjusted so that the mold 270 can be cut out independently.
Further, the split mold 270 is provided with an accessory mold 273 for molding a trap opening, and the attached mold 273 is attached to the lower end side surface of the pipe forming projection 272 by a magnet (not shown) embedded in both molds. Magnetically adhered. The attached mold 273 magnetically adhered to the split mold 270 in this manner is smoothly joined to the end cutout 266 of the lower protrusion 265 of the ball middle mold 260 in the completed state of the mold matching. Further, in this state, the split mold 270 leaves a gap between the pipe forming projection 272 and the ball projection 263 opposed thereto, and this gap is defined as the above-described cavity portion BKK5.
The pipe forming projection 272 is formed so as to conform to the pipe inner wall shape of the rising pipe section 24 in the siphon trap 20 and to define the inner wall shape. In addition, the convex portion 272 for forming the conduit and the connecting portion 274 of the insertion portion 271 define these shapes in conformity with the shape of the side wall surface of the conduit of the top weir 30 and the tongue 71 of the top conduit 26. It is formed as follows. The lower end surface portion 275 of the insertion portion 271 in the figure is covered with a resin or the like so that the region does not get muddy. When the lower end portion 275 is not covered with the resin, the sludge deposited on the lower end portion 275 may be cut out after the die cutting.
As shown in FIG. 38, the side mold 280 has a bottom part which is a mold-matching part of the toilet front side edge 281, the toilet rear side edge 282, which serves as a part for matching the left and right side molds, and the bottom mold 250. It has an edge portion 283 and a lower edge portion 284 that is a portion where the bottom die 250 and the side surface of the protruding portion 254 match. In the side mold 280, a portion surrounded by these edges is defined as an outer peripheral concave portion 285. The outer peripheral concave portion 285 is formed so as to conform to the outer wall shape of the toilet main body BH including the device storage section 11 and to define the shape.
When the bottom mold 250 or the side mold 280 is mated as shown in FIG. 33, the cavity BKK described above is formed on each mold surface. In this case, as shown in FIG. 39, an appropriate cavity portion BKK4 is provided between the side die 280 and the rear convex portion 264 of the ball middle die 260 at the rear portion of the toilet for forming the device storage portion 11. Inside split molds 290 to 293 are incorporated so as to follow the peripheral wall shape of No. 11.
When the cavity BKK for forming the toilet body base BK is formed by the above-mentioned molds and the combination of the molds, the slurry is poured into the cavity BKK from an injection port (not shown), and the slurry is sucked into the mold surface through the suction of each mold. Deposits, drains, and dries. In this case, in the cavity portion BKK1 and the cavity portion BKK3 in the above-mentioned cavity BKK, the slurry was deposited and deposited on the mold surface of each mold in a single layer, and in the other cab portions, the gap between the opposed mold surfaces was filled with the slurry. This is the so-called double inking of the state. Then, by the above-mentioned drying, soil compaction is completed in the cavity, and the toilet body body BK is completed in the cavity BKK.
Here, the correspondence between each cavity portion and the substrate will be described.
In the cavity portion BKK1, in the inner peripheral wall region of the toilet bowl portion 12, the entire surface of the upper edge peripheral wall 55 and the inclined portion 60 of the upper edge of the toilet bowl portion 12 and the base material of almost the entirety of the inclined portion 61 are provided. A base material is formed on the lower leg BHK and a portion extending from the front of the toilet body to the left and right side walls. In the cavity portion BKK2, a base portion of the connecting portion between the inclined portion 61 and the lower end shelf portion 62 and the entire region of the lower end shelf portion 62 and the ball bottom portion 13 are formed. In the cavity portion BKK3, in addition to the lower-side pipe wall (partition wall with the descending pipe section 28) of the rising pipe section 24 in the siphon trap 20, the top weir 30 and the tongue section 71 connected thereto, and the descending pipe section A base including a curved conduit portion 72, an intermediate conduit portion 73, an upper conduit shelf 75, a lower conduit shelf 77, and an outer peripheral wall portion 76 in the conduit is formed. In the cavity part BKK4, the base over the wall surface of the toilet bowl surrounding the equipment storage part 11, and in the cavity part BKK5, the entire area of the rear inclined part 63 which partitions the toilet bowl part 12 and the rising pipe part 24 and the inner peripheral wall of the toilet bowl part described above. The bases of the connected portions are respectively formed.
After completion of the soil compaction after the drying, the above-mentioned dies are die-cut. First, the bottom mold 250 set at the uppermost part is lifted and removed from the mold, and a through-hole 77mk is formed at the lower end of the descending pipeline section 28 in the base after the removal as shown in FIG. The lower end wall portion around the through hole 77mk becomes the lower pipeline shelf 77 shown in FIG. 2 and the like. Next, a receiving plate for supporting the base of the removed part is set in place of the bottom die 250, and the entire die is turned to return the formed toilet body base BK to the normal orientation. Next, the ball medium die 260 located at the upper portion is lifted by turning. In this case, since the split mold 270 receives a slight restraining force in the upward direction on the base material that has been compacted at the cavity portion BKK5, the relationship between the insertion portion 271 and the insertion recess 268 described above (size / shape adjustment). ), The middle ball 260 is lifted by itself.
After the ball middle mold 260 is released, the split mold 270 is lifted toward the diagonally upper rear in a posture in which the shape shown in FIG. 33 is reversed, and the mold is removed. At this time, the attached mold 273 magnetically adhered to the split mold 270 receives a little restraining force in the diagonally upper direction on the soil compacted at the cavity portion BKK5, so that the split mold 270 resists the magnetic adhesion. Then, when the attached mold 273 is removed without the attached mold 273 and then removed, the trap opening is formed with high precision. Thereafter, at the stage where the inside split molds 290 to 293 have been die-cut, since the toilet body base BK corresponding to the toilet body BH before firing has been completed, the manufacture of the toilet bowl 10 previously formed here is completed. , The rim base RK, the terminal pipe base MK, and the toilet body base BK are integrated as follows.
First, the top pipe body TK and the terminal pipe body MK are joined to the toilet body base BK. At the time of joining the top pipeline base body TK, as shown in FIG. 27, the ascending pipeline section 24 and the descending pipeline section 28 of the toilet body body BK are connected to close the pipeline of the siphon trap 20. . In addition, when joining the terminal pipe base MK, the positioning with the descending pipe section 28 is performed in accordance with the state of the drain port and the state of the raffin at the destination of the toilet bowl 10. For example, a position is set such that the end pipe section 74 after firing can be inserted into the drain port with the installation of the toilet. Note that the joining of the terminal pipe base MK will be described later. Next, the rim base RK is joined to the upper edge of the toilet main body BK, and then the left and right side molds 280 supporting the toilet main body BK are removed. The base of the toilet bowl 10 thus obtained is dried and fired under predetermined firing conditions to complete the toilet bowl 10. After firing, the cleaning water supply device 100 is installed. In the tank type shown in FIG. 26, a water supply pipe 151 and a storage tank device 150 are incorporated.
As described above, in the manufacture of the toilet bowl 10 having a feature that the generation and continuation of the siphon action is caused by the supply of the flush water at an unprecedented low flow rate, in the base state before firing, the top pipeline of the siphon trap 20 In the curved conduit 26, the top conduit portion base TK of the wall surface portion which is the conduit wall surface facing the top dam 30 is between the connecting portion of the rising conduit portion 24 and the connecting portion with the descending conduit portion 28. To be in a state that does not exist. Therefore, the toilet body body BK can be formed by incorporating the split mold 270 for forming the inner wall of the ascending pipeline 24, the top weir 30 and the tongue 71 into the ball middle mold 260. For this reason, the base surface on the side closely adhered to the mold surface of the split mold 270 can be used as the inner wall surface of the rising pipe portion 24, the wall surface of the top weir 30 and the wall surface of the tongue portion 71. In addition to the above, the top weir 30 can have a projecting portion (tongue 71) in the conduit that could not be formed by existing molding.
The split mold 270 for forming the ascending conduit portion 24 and the top weir 30 is restricted by the fact that it is necessary to incorporate the ball middle mold 260 into the insertion recess 268, but the shape of the mold increases the degree of freedom. In addition, the siphon trap pipe shape can be diversified. Therefore, according to the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, a toilet having various siphon trap pipe shapes can be easily manufactured. In addition, the accessory mold 273 of the split mold 270 and the lower protrusion 265 of the ball middle mold 260 are joined to each other to form the opening of the trap inlet 22, and the trap inlet 22 can be formed with high dimensional accuracy.
Further, since the shapes of the top dam 30 and the trap inlet 22 are defined by the split mold 270 and the attached mold 273, the sealing height of the ball portion reservoir water (the top dam 30 and the upper end of the trap inlet 22) depends on these shapes. (Equal to the difference in height).
By the way, this water sealing height regulates the trapping performance for preventing the backflow of small animals and odors from the drain pipe, and it is necessary that the height is at least a certain height. However, if the size is too large, the moving distance of the dirt floating in the ball portion stored water to reach the trap inlet becomes large, and the dirt discharging performance deteriorates. Therefore, in order to ensure these functions, it is necessary to set the water sealing height to a value in an appropriate range. Therefore, the toilet bowl of the present invention and the method of manufacturing the same in that the water sealing height can be made highly accurate. Has a unique advantage.
In addition, since the end pipe portion 74 inserted into the drain port is separately formed in a bare state, the entire toilet including the fired end pipe portion 74 is made of pottery. , The end conduit 74 can be inserted into the drain. This eliminates the need for prior installation of a socket or the like and management of processes and equipment for manufacturing the socket, which is advantageous in cost. In addition, since the end pipe portion 74 can be inserted and disposed in the drain port, the siphon trap 20 having the end pipe section 74 can be adapted to the drain port specification without any ceramic. In addition, the end pipe section 74 is formed by the female mold 200 and the male mold 210, and the outer wall thereof is formed into a cylindrical shape convenient for insertion of the drain port, while the inner wall is formed with a cotton swab or the like as described above. An elliptical shape suitable for draining and storing washing water for generating siphon action can be obtained. Thus, the added value of the toilet 10 itself can be increased.
Next, another embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the siphon action is generated by supplying the cleaning water at a large flow rate, and the siphon trap has almost the same pipe shape as the existing siphon trap. FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a toilet 300 according to another embodiment.
As shown in the figure, the toilet 300 has a simply curved siphon trap 20A, and its rising conduit 24A faces the toilet bowl 12A through the trap inlet 22A. The rim 14 has the same shape as that of the toilet bowl 10 described above, but it is assumed that the rim 14 has a large flow rate of about 100 to 150 liter / min.
Similar to the toilet bowl 10, the siphon trap 20A of the toilet bowl 300 is connected to an ascending pipeline section 24A that forms a pipe extending obliquely upward from the trap inlet 22A to the toilet rear side, and is connected to the upper end of the ascending pipeline section 24A. A top conduit portion 26A curved downward and a descending conduit portion 28A that is connected to the top conduit portion 26A and descends. However, since it is assumed that the washing water is supplied at a large flow rate, the top conduit 26A only has a curved convex top dam 30A that regulates the reservoir water level of the toilet bowl 12A. The conduits have substantially the same conduit cross-sectional shape. And even in this toilet 300, the end portion of the descending pipeline portion 28A is, in a bare state, an end pipeline separate from the toilet body body BKA including the rim 14, the toilet body BH and the siphon trap 20A. It is the base MK. The terminal conduit base MK is joined to the end of the descending conduit portion 28A of the toilet main body BKA prior to the base firing as in the case of the toilet 10. Note that the toilet body base BKA is a bottom mold, left and right side molds, and a ball medium-sized body, and the body of the rim 14 is separately formed from the rim body RK of the rim 14 while the siphon trap 20A is integrally formed. .
Even in this embodiment, the end pipe 74 inserted into the drain port is separately formed in a bare state, so that the above-described effects regarding the end pipe 74 described above can be obtained.
Next, the joining of the terminal conduit base MK will be described. In the above-described embodiment, the end pipe section 74 is separately provided in a bare state, and the fired end pipe section 74 can be inserted into the drain port. In this case, when the lower end of the end pipe 74 is set to a height lower than the bottom of the toilet, the drain port may be raised from the toilet floor. If a proper sealing member (packing or the like) is provided between the drain port rising from the floor surface and the end pipe section 74 inserted therein, drainage leakage can be more reliably avoided. In addition to these, the following can also be performed. FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram for explaining how to handle various types of raffins, and FIG. 42 is an explanatory diagram for explaining how to connect the end pipe 74 to the drain port.
Most of the raffin is about 200 mm in Japan, about 305 mm in the United States, about 305 mm and 405 mm in China, and about 405 mm in Taiwan, and differs depending on the country or region. In the above-described embodiment, the case where the raffin is about 200 mm in Japan has been described. However, for different raffins, the following is performed. 41A shows a state corresponding to the raffin 200, FIG. 41B shows a state corresponding to the raffin 305, and FIG. 41C shows a state corresponding to the raffin 405. As shown in these figures, if the raffins Rf are different, the distance Brf from the rear end of the toilet to the terminal conduit 74 (specifically, the center position of the water hole) is also different. It is decided according to.
As shown in FIG. 41, if the raffin Rf is narrow, the end pipe base body MK is joined to a position on the rear end side of the toilet and is fired together with the toilet body base BK. Then, as the raffin Rf becomes wider, the end pipe base body MK is joined to a position shifted toward the toilet bowl side, and fired together with the toilet body base body BK. That is, the joining position of the terminal conduit base MK is adjusted according to the raffin Rf. This adjustment is performed while aiming at the above-described distance Brf determined according to the raffin Rf. Further, when the amount of displacement on the toilet bowl side is large as in the case of the raffin Rf405, the terminal pipe base MK (the terminal pipe section 74) is formed so as to cover the water passage hole at the lower end of the descending pipe section 28. ) Also has a large shape. In other words, a plurality of end pipe base bodies MK (end pipe section 74) having different shapes are prepared in accordance with the raffins Rf, and the joining positions of the end pipe base bodies MK are determined in accordance with the actual raffin shape of the toilet area. This is done at the toilet manufacturing stage. In this way, the toilet body base BK can be shared, that is, a mold for forming the toilet body base BK having a large mold size and complicated management of production and storage can be shared. For this reason, it is sufficient to prepare a mold (see FIG. 28) necessary for manufacturing the end pipe body MK, which is a small body part, and it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the mold and its management. In addition, the urinal obtained through the joining of the end pipe base MK and the subsequent firing can be adapted to the raffin, which is one of the drainage specifications, with the ceramic urinal itself.
When the end pipe base MK (the end pipe section 74) becomes large as shown in FIG. 41 (c), this pipe section cannot be inserted into the drain port, but is moved as follows. Just fine. That is, by pressing the annular seal member surrounding the drain port with the lower surface of the end pipe portion 74 to seal around the drain port, the washing water can be drained to the drain port without causing drain leakage.
Next, a description will be given of how the end pipe 74 is connected to the drain port 74 which is substantially up to the floor surface, instead of being inserted into the drain port rising from the floor. As shown in FIG. 42 (a), in the first method, a drain connector HSC is arranged at a drain port HS to the floor. The drain connector HSC has a straight tubular shape, and seals while gripping the end conduit 74 with the upper half grip portion UP. The drain connector HSC has a lower half of the insertion portion DP inserted into the drain port HS to achieve a drain seal. In this manner, the end pipe 74 facing the drain port HS can be connected to the drain port HS via the drain connector HSC, and a drain seal can be secured. The drainage socket HSC is a straight tube in which the holding portion UP and the insertion portion DP are simply connected, and the shape thereof is unified, so that there is no mistake in installing the toilet and the handling thereof is simple.
In the second method, as shown in FIG. 42 (b), the end pipe 74 has a disk-shaped flange 74f on the peripheral wall near the lower end. In order to manufacture the end pipe section 74 having such a shape, the female mold 200 shown in FIG. 28 can be vertically divided, and a cavity for forming the flange 74f may be formed on the divided mold surface. . Prior to the installation of the toilet, a drainage flange HSF having a flange at the upper end is inserted into the drainage port HS, and an annular sealing member (between the flange 74f of the terminal pipe portion 74 and the flange portion of the drainage flange HSF is provided. A so-called P seal) is arranged. Then, the P seal is pressed by the flange 74f of the end pipe 74 to seal around the drain port HS, so that leakage of drain water can be avoided. In this way, the connection with the drain port HS and the avoidance of drainage leakage can be performed by the end pipe portion 74 itself, and a bent socket or the like is not required, so that it is simple.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples and embodiments, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention. is there.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, when the first main stream S1 is generated, the cleaning water discharged from the base first water discharging hole 41 and the cleaning water discharged from the base second water discharging hole 42 are combined. Cleaning water discharged from a single water discharge hole may be used as the first main stream S1.
In addition, in the toilet bowl 10 shown in FIGS. 2 and 26, etc., as shown in FIG. 43, the top pipe section 26 has the same pipe area as the rising pipe section 24, and the rising pipe section 24 is raised. It is also possible that the air in the top pipe section 30 is pushed by the washing water to flow into the pipes after the top pipe section. Even in this case, by having the above-described conduit configuration of the descending conduit portion 28, the water column is not separated by the rising air, and the siphon effect is not lost due to the air sealing below the tongue portion 71. Therefore, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained.
Further, as shown in FIG. 44, the rim 14 is provided with a first water discharge hole 41a on the rear left side of the toilet and a second water discharge hole 43a on the right front side of the toilet, and these water discharge holes are positioned at the center of the reservoir RS in a horizontal view of the toilet. It is a diagonal position at the center. When the wash water is discharged from the two water discharge holes, the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 join the stored water RS in a substantially parallel relationship with the stored water RS interposed therebetween as shown in the drawing. , A swirling flow in the same rotation direction is generated in the reservoir water RS. Therefore, even this modification has the same advantages as the toilet bowl 10 described above. The cleaning water may be guided to the second water discharge hole 43a using the rim water conduit 16 or the cleaning water may be guided using the hose 43b. Further, in order to stabilize the second main flow S2 from the second water discharge hole 43a, a nozzle may be provided as the water discharge hole.
Industrial applicability
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applicable to a toilet bowl for flushing toilet bowl by discharging supplied washing water to a toilet bowl portion, and a method for manufacturing such a toilet bowl having a siphon trap.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for describing a toilet bowl 10 of an embodiment by breaking its upper surface.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the toilet bowl 10 of FIG. 1 in a cross-sectional view to the left along a center line in the front-rear direction.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional view to the right as well.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a part of the rim shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the behavior of the wash water discharged from the first base water discharge hole 41 and the second base water discharge hole 42.
FIG. 6 is a view for explaining discharge of washing water from the left central water discharge hole 43, the first correction water discharge hole 45, the rim front end water discharge hole 44, the second correction water discharge hole 48, and the right central water discharge hole 47. FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram illustrating the behavior of the wash water when it is assumed that the wash water is discharged from each water discharge hole alone, and FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating the discharge of the wash water from each water discharge hole. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the behavior of cleaning water caused by the cleaning.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the behavior of the cleaning water caused by the discharge of the cleaning water from all the water discharge holes.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a state where it is imagined that the main streams S1 and S2 that cause the cleaning water behavior individually merge with the pool water RS.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the turning behavior of the stored water when the two main flows S1 and S2 join the stored water RS at the same time.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the toilet bowl 10 in a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10 in FIG. 1, which is near the pool of the second main stream S2.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section of the pipeline along the line 11-11 in FIG. 3 for explaining the pipeline configuration of the siphon trap 20.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of the descending conduit section 28 in a cross-sectional view along the line 12-12 in FIGS. 3 and 11.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of the descending duct section 28 in a cross-sectional view along the line 13-13 in FIGS. 3 and 11.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory view of the descending conduit section 28 in a cross-sectional view along the line 14-14 in FIG. 3 and FIG.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the behavior of cleaning water at the beginning of cleaning.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state in which the washing water is stored and stored in the terminal pipe section 74.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the situation of the occurrence of the siphon action.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of installation of a U-shaped tube for confirming a state of occurrence and continuation of the siphon action under the air remaining state.
FIG. 19 is a graph showing a change in the liquid level of the U-shaped tube.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a state in which the flush water supply device 100 is incorporated in the toilet bowl 10 in a partially transparent manner.
FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the periphery of the cleaning water supply device 100 in a sectional view.
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a toilet bowl in comparison with the toilet bowl 10 of the present embodiment in comparison with respective flow rates of water supply to the toilet bowl portion, inflow to the bowl portion, and flush water discharge from the trap. .
FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing the results of evaluation tests performed on the toilet 10 of this example and the comparative toilet.
FIG. 24 is an explanatory view showing the toilet of this embodiment without a siphon trap.
FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing a comparison result between the product of the example and the product of the comparative example regarding the pushing efficiency of the swirling flow.
FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram for describing a toilet bowl 10 of a modification in which a washing water storage tank is incorporated.
FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a base state when the toilet 10 is manufactured.
FIG. 28 is an explanatory view for explaining a state of the molding of the terminal conduit base MK. FIG. 28A is an explanatory view for explaining the state of the female mold 200 and the male mold 210 before the mold matching. FIG. 28B is an explanatory view for explaining a state of the cavity MKK when the two molds are matched, and FIG. 28C is a state of the cavity MKK when a sectional view of FIG. FIG.
FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram showing, for comparison, a state of molding when the end pipe section is formed together with the toilet body including the siphon trap pipe, and FIG. 29 (a) shows the end pipe section and the siphon trap. FIG. 29 (b) is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 29 (a) taken along line xx, and shows the state of the inlay of the base of the end pipe portion. FIG.
FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a mold used for molding the top pipe body TK.
FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the state of the molding of the top pipe body TK.
FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state of die forming of the rim substrate RK.
FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state of molding the toilet body body BK.
FIG. 34 is a schematic perspective view of a bottom mold 250 used for molding the toilet body body BK.
FIG. 35 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of a section taken along line 34-34 in FIG.
FIG. 36 is a schematic perspective view of a ball middle mold 260 used for molding the toilet body base BK.
FIG. 37 is a schematic perspective view of a split mold 270 used for molding the toilet body base BK.
FIG. 38 is a schematic perspective view of one side mold 280 used for molding the toilet body base BK.
FIG. 39 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of the molding of the toilet body base BK in the vicinity of the device storage portion 11 of the toilet bowl 10 and an inside split mold used for the molding.
FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a toilet 300 according to another embodiment.
FIGS. 41A and 41B are explanatory diagrams for explaining how to handle various types of raffin. FIG. 41A shows a state corresponding to the raffin 200, FIG. 41B shows a state corresponding to the raffin 305, and FIG. () Is an explanatory view showing a state corresponding to the raffin 405.
FIG. 42 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state of connection between the end pipe 74 and the drain port, and FIG. 42 (a) is an explanatory diagram illustrating a method using the drain connector HSC, and FIG. 42 (b). FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a method using a drainage flange HSF.
FIG. 43 is an explanatory view showing a toilet bowl in which the top pipe section 26 has a pipe area approximately equal to that of the rising pipe section 24 so that air in the top pipe section 30 flows into the pipes thereafter. is there.
FIG. 44 shows a large modified example in which the wash water of the first main flow S1 and the second main flow S2 is discharged to the stored water from a diagonal position centered on the center of the stored water in the toilet horizontal plane view to cause turning. It is explanatory drawing which shows a toilet bowl.

Claims

A flush toilet that discharges the supplied washing water from the upper portion of the toilet bowl portion and causes a swirl flow in the stored water stored by the toilet bowl portion to wash the toilet bowl,
The water supply washing water includes a water guide channel that guides around the upper portion of the toilet bowl portion,
The headrace has a discharge unit that discharges the feedwater wash water as a flow including two main flows and merges with the stored water.
The discharge section is configured to cause the two main flows of washing water to merge with the stored water substantially in parallel with the stored water therebetween in a plan view of a toilet bowl, and to generate a swirling flow in the same rotational direction in the stored water. Discharge feedwater washing water by taking the relationship of pooled water merging with water,
A toilet bowl characterized by the following.

The toilet of claim 1,
The discharge section of the headrace,
The first flush water that discharges the flush water guided to the headrace channel from obliquely above the stored water toward the front of the toilet to cause a first flush water main flow that is one of the two flush water main flows. A discharge section,
The flush water guided to the headrace channel is discharged from the same side with respect to a center axis that bisects the first discharge portion and the toilet bowl on the left and right sides. A second discharge unit that generates a flow of the cleaning water that circulates along;
The flow of the wash water of the second discharge unit is corrected by joining the flow of the wash water of the second discharge unit, and the corrected flow of the wash water of the second discharge unit is changed to the other of the two main flows of the wash water. A toilet having a second discharge main water main stream.

The toilet according to claim 2,
The first discharge unit includes:
A toilet having a plurality of discharge holes formed in the headrace channel, the washwater being guided to the headrace channel being discharged, and the washwater flows from the discharge holes being combined to cause the first main flow of washwater.

The toilet bowl according to claim 2 or claim 3,
The third discharge unit includes:
The flush water guided to the headrace channel is discharged toward the reservoir at the front side of the bowl bowl portion to join the flush water of the second discharge section, and the flush water of the second discharge section A fourth discharge unit that corrects the flow direction of the water toward the surface of the stored water,
The washing water guided to the headrace channel is discharged from the opposite side to the first discharge portion with respect to a central axis that bisects a toilet bowl to the left and right, and the second water corrected by the wash water from the fourth discharge portion. Merges with the flow of the wash water of the discharge section, further corrects the flow direction to the pool water surface side, and sets the flow of the wash water of the second discharge section after correction as the second main flow of the wash water. A toilet having a fifth discharge section that joins the pooled water with the pooled water merging relationship with the first main stream of wash water.

The toilet according to claim 4,
The headrace,
A sub-discharge unit for discharging the flush water guided to the water conduit along the surface of the toilet bowl portion is provided separately from the first to fifth discharge units, including a flush water discharge from the sub-discharge unit. A toilet bowl in which flush water flows over substantially the entire surface of the bowl portion of the toilet bowl.

The toilet bowl according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The bowl bowl portion,
A first ball peripheral wall portion that receives the first cleaning water main flow and guides turning, and defines a turning state of the cleaning water after the first cleaning water main flow joins the pool water;
A second ball peripheral wall portion that receives the second main flow of washing water and guides turning, and defines a turning state of the cleaning water after the second main flow of washing water joins the stored water. toilet bowl.

The toilet according to claim 6,
The first and second ball peripheral walls have a difference in the swirling state of the washing water after the pooled water merges. The part is a toilet bowl, which makes the turning lead small.

The toilet according to claim 7,
The toilet bowl, wherein the peripheral wall of the second ball increases the swirl lead of the main flow of the second wash water, and the peripheral wall of the ball reduces the lead of the swirl of the main flow of the first wash water. .

The toilet according to claim 8,
The first ball peripheral wall portion,
A guide shelf formed to surround the stored water on a side facing the trap opened at the bottom of the toilet bowl and receiving the main flow of the first wash water, and substantially coincides with a pool surface of the stored water; At the set height position, the guide shelf portion causing a small turning state of the turning lead in the main flow of the first cleaning water,
The second ball peripheral wall portion,
An inclination over the vertical direction of the stored water so that a large swirl state of the swirl lead can be caused in the second main flow of the wash water at a location where the main flow of the second wash water is received and merged with the stored water. Has a peripheral wall portion larger than the guide shelf.

The toilet according to claim 9,
In the peripheral wall portion of the second ball peripheral wall portion, an expansion ratio of a reservoir surface area in a rise of a reservoir water level caused by an inflow of washing water into the reservoir water is within about 40% of an original area. toilet bowl.

A flush toilet that discharges the supplied washing water from the upper portion of the toilet bowl portion and causes a swirl flow in the stored water stored by the toilet bowl portion to wash the toilet bowl,
The water supply washing water includes a water guide channel that guides around the upper portion of the toilet bowl portion,
The headrace channel has two discharge portions for discharging the water supply wash water at diagonal positions around the center of the stored water in a horizontal view of the toilet bowl, and each of the discharge portions has the same direction as the stored water. Merging the feed water with the stored water so that swirling occurs;
A toilet bowl characterized by the following.

A flush toilet in which the supplied washing water is poured into stored water stored by a toilet bowl portion and discharged from a siphon trap together with the stored water,
The siphon trap,
An ascending pipeline portion having a trap opening opened on the side of the toilet bowl portion, and forming a pipeline obliquely upward from the trap opening;
A top pipe section having a top weir that is connected to the upper end of the rising pipe section and is curved, and defines a level of the reservoir water;
A descending conduit portion connected to the top conduit portion and lowered, wherein the rising water portion and the top conduit portion of the top conduit portion are crossed by pouring the feed water into the reservoir water. A pipe shelf that receives the washing water that has flowed down to the descending pipe section and causes the washing water to bounce, a downstream pipe section that guides the washing water that has rebounded at the pipe shelf to the downstream side, and the downstream pipe At the end of the passage portion, a narrowing portion that narrows the pipeline area and guides the flush water to a drain outside the toilet, and
The descending pipeline section,
Upon discharging the washing water carried from the rising pipe section to the drain port, the washing water flowing down over the top weir is received by the pipe shelf and the flow direction of the washing water flowing down is reduced. Causing the flow direction change to the side of the portion and storing the washing water flowing down in the throttle portion, causing the upstream pipeline to seal with the washing water in the throttle portion, and Even if air is left in the pipeline section from the pipeline section to the pipeline shelf section, the washing water stored in the throttle section can form a water column reaching the top weir, and the water column formation At a later time, the remaining air is sealed in the top conduit portion, and has a descending conduit shape capable of generating a siphon effect of sucking the washing water of the toilet bowl portion and continuing the siphon effect,
A toilet bowl characterized by the following.

A flush toilet in which the supplied washing water is poured into stored water stored by a toilet bowl portion and discharged from a siphon trap together with the stored water,
The siphon trap,
An ascending pipeline portion having a trap opening opened on the side of the toilet bowl portion, and forming a pipeline obliquely upward from the trap opening;
A top pipe section having a top weir that is connected to the upper end of the rising pipe section and is curved, and defines a level of the reservoir water;
A descending conduit portion connected to the top conduit portion and lowered, wherein the rising water portion and the top conduit portion of the top conduit portion are crossed by pouring the feed water into the reservoir water. A pipe shelf that receives the washing water that has flowed down to the descending pipe section and causes the washing water to bounce, a downstream pipe section that guides the washing water that has rebounded at the pipe shelf to the downstream side, and the downstream pipe At the end of the passage portion, a narrowing portion that narrows the pipeline area and guides the flush water to a drain outside the toilet, and
The descending pipeline section,
Upon discharging the washing water carried from the rising pipe section to the drain port, the washing water flowing down over the top weir is received by the pipe shelf and the flow direction of the washing water flowing down is reduced. Causing a change in the flow direction to be switched to the side of the section, and causing the washing water that flows down to be stored in the throttle section to cause a seal of the upstream pipe with the washing water in the throttle section; and When the air existing in the section is pushed by the washing water that has risen in the rising pipe section and flows into the pipes after the top pipe section, the air that has flowed in is sealed downstream from the top pipe section. By stopping and not returning to the top conduit side, the washing water stored in the throttle section forms a water column reaching the top weir and sucks the washing water of the toilet bowl section. Cause a siphon effect Having a downcomer passage configuration capable continued siphon action,
A toilet bowl characterized by the following.

The toilet according to claim 12 or claim 13,
The top weir has a guide piece for guiding the wash water so that the wash water falls toward the pipeline shelf, and the guide piece serves as an air reservoir for air that has risen from a pipeline after the pipeline shelf. A toilet having the guide piece protruding therefrom.

The toilet bowl according to claim 12, wherein:
The descending pipeline section,
A toilet having a descending pipe shape capable of generating and continuing the siphon action with respect to the flow of the feed water at a flow rate of about 50 to 100 liter / min.

The toilet bowl according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein
The top conduit section is
A toilet having a pipe shape in which a pipe portion connected to the descending pipe section is partitioned as an air remaining area by a flow of washing water that falls into the descending pipe section over the top weir.

The toilet according to claim 16,
The top conduit section is
A toilet having a cross-sectional area larger than a cross-sectional area of the ascending pipeline section, and connecting the ascending pipeline section and the descending pipeline section.

The toilet according to claim 17,
The descending pipeline section,
A toilet having a descending conduit shape that gradually decreases from the conduit shelf portion to the throttle portion until the sectional area of the conduit decreases and becomes at least as large as the sectional area of the conduit of the ascending conduit portion.

The toilet according to claim 18,
The toilet bowl, wherein the pipe cross section of the descending pipe portion has a cross section narrowed toward the pipe axis in the left-right direction of the toilet.

20. The toilet of claim 19,
The descending pipeline section,
The descending pipeline is provided such that the washing water that has dropped over the top weir bounces back toward the toilet bowl portion and is guided to the throttle portion,
The throttle unit has a shelf that receives the guided washing water on the toilet bowl portion side, and is configured to guide the washing water to the drain port after receiving the washing water at the shelf. toilet bowl.

The toilet bowl according to any one of claims 12 to 20, wherein
The water conduit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, for flowing the supplied washing water into stored water stored in the toilet bowl portion,
A toilet having the toilet bowl according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

A toilet bowl portion for storing stored water, a toilet body for supporting the toilet bowl portion, and a siphon trap line for generating a siphon action upon discharging waste, wherein the siphon trap line is provided with the toilet bowl portion. A top having a rising pipe part extending obliquely upward from a trap opening opened on the bottom side surface, and a curved weir connected to the upper end of the rising pipe part to form a curved pipe, and defining a reservoir water level; A toilet formed by a pipeline portion and a descending pipeline portion which is connected to the top pipeline portion and descends,
In the curved conduit of the top conduit portion, a predetermined range from a connecting portion of the rising conduit portion to a connecting portion with the descending conduit portion, which is a wall surface portion serving as a pipe wall surface facing the top weir. The wall portion, in the state of the base before the toilet sintering, the remaining body of the siphon trap pipe except the wall portion, the toilet bowl portion, and the toilet main body are separate bodies,
A toilet, wherein the base material of the wall surface portion is joined to the base material of the remaining siphon trap pipe to close the siphon trap pipe and fired.

23. The toilet of claim 22,
A terminal pipe portion which is located at an end of the siphon trap pipe and is connected to a drain port outside the toilet, and which is used to connect the descending pipe section to the drain port via the terminal pipe portion. It has a terminal conduit,
In the state of the base before the toilet sintering, the terminal pipe section, the base of the siphon trap pipe, the toilet bowl section and the toilet main body are separate bodies,
A toilet bowl in which the base of the end pipe portion is joined to the end of the siphon trap pipe in a base state and fired.

A toilet bowl having a toilet bowl portion for storing stored water, a toilet body for supporting the toilet bowl portion, and a siphon trap line that generates a siphon action when discharging waste.
A terminal pipe portion which is located at an end of the siphon trap pipe and is connected to a drain port outside the toilet, and which is used to connect the descending pipe section to the drain port via the terminal pipe portion. It has a terminal conduit,
In the state of the base before the toilet sintering, the terminal pipe section, the base of the siphon trap pipe, the toilet bowl section and the toilet main body are separate bodies,
A toilet bowl in which the base of the end pipe portion is joined to the end of the siphon trap pipe in a base state and fired.

The toilet bowl according to claim 23 or claim 24,
The terminal pipe portion is selected from a plurality of shapes prepared so as to cope with a case where the distance between the drain port and the rear end of the toilet is different, and a joining position in a state of the base material The toilet is adjusted according to the distance.

26. The toilet of claim 25,
The terminal pipe section is opposed to the drain port, presses an annular seal member disposed around the drain port, seals around the drain port, and discharges water to the drain port. toilet bowl.

26. The toilet of claim 25,
The terminal pipe section is opposed to the drain port, is connected to the drain port via a drain connector interposed between the drain port and the terminal pipe section, and is configured to drain to the drain port. You have a toilet bowl.

26. The toilet of claim 25,
The toilet bowl, wherein the terminal pipe portion can be inserted and disposed in the drain port.

A toilet bowl portion for storing stored water, a toilet body for supporting the toilet bowl portion, and a siphon trap line for generating a siphon action upon discharging waste, wherein the siphon trap line is provided with the toilet bowl portion. A top having a rising pipe part extending obliquely upward from a trap opening opened on the bottom side surface, and a curved weir connected to the upper end of the rising pipe part to form a curved pipe, and defining a reservoir water level; A method of manufacturing a toilet bowl formed by a pipe section and a descending pipe section that is connected to the top pipe section and descends,
In the curved conduit of the top conduit portion, a predetermined range from a connecting portion of the rising conduit portion to a connecting portion with the descending conduit portion, which is a wall surface portion serving as a pipe wall surface facing the top weir. A step (1) of molding a wall surface base material to be the wall surface portion of
A step (2) of molding a toilet body in which the rest of the siphon trap line excluding the wall surface portion, the toilet bowl portion, and the toilet body are integrated;
A state in which the wall surface body is joined to the toilet body to close the siphon trap pipeline, and the siphon trap pipeline is formed by connecting the ascending pipeline, the top pipeline, and the descending pipeline. (3) performing firing in
The step (2) includes:
The bottom wall shape of the toilet bowl portion, the bottom wall shape of the toilet body, and the concave shape conforming to the outer wall shape of the descending channel portion of the remaining siphon trap channel excluding the wall surface portion. Bottom type,
A side mold having a concave shape adapted to the side wall shape of the toilet body,
A ball middle size having a convex shape adapted to the inner peripheral wall shape of the toilet bowl portion,
The siphon trap pipe has a pipe inner wall shape of the rising pipe portion and an outer shape adapted to the top weir shape of the top pipe portion, and is a split mold that can be incorporated into the ball medium size, When incorporated into the ball middle mold, the split mold is joined to a portion of the convex shape of the ball middle mold that is suitable for the bottom inner wall of the toilet bowl, and the joint is set as the opening of the trap opening. The process of
The prepared dies are matched to form the concave and convex shapes of the respective dies, and the rest of the siphon trap line, the toilet bowl portion, and the toilet main body excluding the wall surface portion are integrated. Forming a cavity for forming the toilet body,
A method of manufacturing the toilet bowl, comprising: flowing the slurry into the cavity, accumulating the slurry in each of the molds, discharging the sludge, drying, and removing the mold to obtain the toilet body.

A method for manufacturing a toilet according to claim 29,
A terminal pipe portion which is located at the end of the siphon trap pipe and is connected to a drain port outside the toilet, and for connecting the descending pipe portion to the drain port via the terminal pipe portion. A step of molding a terminal pipe portion base to be a terminal pipe portion,
Prior to the step (3), a step of joining the base of the terminal pipe section to the end of the siphon trap pipe in a bare state.