JPS645589B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for producing natural taurine, and more particularly to a method for producing concentrated natural taurine from seafood broth. Taurine is H ₂ N−CH ₂ CH ₂ −SO ₃ H (molecular weight
It is a sulfur-containing amino acid with the structure 125), which is widely distributed in the living tissues of animals, and has recently been shown to have effects such as lowering blood pressure, anti-arteriosclerosis, lowering cholesterol, suppressing the central nervous system, preserving vision, and suppressing blood sugar rise. The existence of pharmacological effects has been recognized. Synthetic products of taurine are currently on the market and are permitted to be used in medicines, but because they are synthetic, their use in foods is not permitted at all. For these reasons, there are many requests to use natural taurine as a health food, and attempts have been made to extract it from natural products, but currently only oyster extract exists, and the taurine concentration is extremely low. The production volume is also very small. On the other hand, it is known that taurine naturally exists in large amounts in cow bile, but since it combines with cholic acid and exists as taurocholic acid, it is difficult to separate and collect taurine from this. It was difficult. Under these circumstances, the present inventor investigated the presence of taurine in a wide range of natural products and found that, as shown in Table 1, a large amount of taurine exists in a free state in aquatic animals. We discovered that it migrates into the broth obtained when cooking, and that it can be concentrated and obtained from this broth by combining pretreatment to remove polymeric components and electrodialysis treatment. Completed the invention.

【table】

[Table] That is, in the present invention, a seafood broth is subjected to pretreatment to remove polymer components, and then the pretreatment liquid is
Adjust the pH to 8.0 or higher or 4.0 or lower and perform primary electrodialysis to collect the concentrated solution, or further adjust the pH to 4 to 8 and perform secondary electrodialysis to collect the dialysate. This is a method for producing natural taurine, which is characterized by separating and concentrating taurine. As raw material marine products for the present invention, any marine products containing taurine, such as those shown in Table 1, can be used, but those that can be caught in large quantities, are inexpensive, and from which a broth can be obtained during the processing process. are preferred, and particularly preferred are broths such as Sukemune cod quarters, squid viscera broth, and krill quarters. To carry out the method of the present invention, first, a pretreatment is performed to remove polymer components from the broth. As shown in Table 2, for example, the broth contains large amounts of proteins, peptides, lipids (oil), and other polymeric components in addition to free amino acids such as taurine.

[Table] Therefore, if this broth is subjected to electrodialysis treatment as it is, these polymer components will adhere to the dialysis membrane and block its pores, which will impede the movement of ions and cause electrodialysis to fail. It becomes possible. Therefore, the pretreatment is essential in the method of the present invention, and this pretreatment can be carried out by methods known per se, such as precipitation methods using flocculants such as sodium polyacrylate and chitosan, acid treatment methods, ultrafiltration methods, etc. It is carried out by. The pretreated liquid from which the polymer components have been removed as much as possible is subjected to electrodialysis treatment. According to studies by the present inventors, taurine does not dissociate in a range slightly above PH4 and slightly below PH7, but dissociates as a cation at a pH of 4 or lower, and as an anion at a pH of 8 or higher. Therefore, when the pretreatment liquid is adjusted to pH 4 or below or pH 8 or above and electrodialysis is performed, taurine is dissociated, passes through the dialysis membrane, moves to the concentrate side, and is separated and concentrated. Amino acids and other components that are not dissociated at the pH do not pass through the dialysis membrane and remain in the dialysate, so they can be separated. A preferred method for the electrodialysis treatment of the present invention is to first adjust the pretreatment liquid to a pH of 8 or higher or 4 or lower and perform primary electrodialysis to transfer taurine to the concentrated liquid, and then transfer this concentrated liquid to the side where taurine does not dissociate.
This is a method in which the pH is adjusted to 4 to 8 and secondary electrodialysis is performed to remove amino acids and impurities that are dissociated at the pH by transferring them to the concentrate side. The conditions for electrodialysis treatment are not particularly limited, but the temperature is 5 to 45°C, and the current density is 3 to 0.3A, although it depends on the composition temperature of the pretreatment liquid, the structure of the membrane, the electrodialysis phase, and the flow conditions. /dm ² is preferred. Highly pure natural taurine can be obtained by drying the taurine concentrate obtained in this way. If necessary, this is further purified by known methods such as ion chromatography, electrophoresis, and alcohol precipitation.
It is also possible to further increase the purity. As mentioned above, the present invention enables the production of highly pure natural taurine with simple operations from seafood broth, which has conventionally been disposed of.Moreover, since the taurine obtained by the present invention is a natural product, it is possible to produce highly pure natural taurine from the liquid broth of marine products, which has conventionally been disposed of. It has the advantage that there are no restrictions on its use and it can be used as a health food. Next, an example will be given and explained. Example 1 In the Hokuyo Fusushi Meal manufacturing process, which uses the meat residue of the Hokuyo Sukemune cod surimi factory as the main raw material, the boiling liquid (commonly known as the press liquid) continuously discharged from the Kutsuker press is passed through a day lubrication machine to remove coarse solids. The raw material was a centrifuged liquid (Kokuyo States Water) from which solids and fats and oils were partially removed using an oil separator. After adjusting this Hokuyo States Quarter 800 to PH4.5 with concentrated hydrochloric acid, shear press (manufactured by Tomoe Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
A clear centrifuged solution was obtained by ultracentrifugation using AS-26 model). The composition of Beiyang States Water before and after the shear press treatment was as shown in Table 3.

[Table] After adjusting this pretreatment solution to PH9.5 with 10% NaOH solution,
An electrodialysis device (effective membrane area: 36.8 m ² ) consisting of 100 pairs of cation exchange membranes (Celemion CMV) and anion exchange membranes (Celemion AMV) provides a temperature of 35 m2.
Electrodialysis was carried out for 2 hours under the conditions of .degree. C. and an initial current density of 2.5 A/ ^dm.sup.2 . The taurine-containing amino acids and salts dissociated at pH 9.5 migrated to the concentrated solution side and were separated from the peptide basic amino acids, etc. remaining on the desalted side. When 450 kg of this concentrated liquid was collected, the solid amount was 4.
%, and the taurine content was 0.38% (9.5% in dry matter). Next, after adjusting the concentrated solution 450 to pH 5 with concentrated HCl,
Using an electrodialyzer similar to that described above, a temperature of 35
℃, and desalination at an initial current density of 3.0 A/dm ² ,
Acidic amino acids and some neutral amino acids were removed.
The resulting desalted solution (440 kg) had a solid content of 0.8% and a taurine content of 0.35%. After concentrating this desalted solution in a concentrator can, it is dried in a spray dryer to produce 4.2 kg of powder with a taurine content of 47.2%.
I got it. The amino acid composition of this natural taurine-rich amino acid powder was as shown in Table 4, and it was pale yellowish white with little fishy odor.

[Table] Example 2 200g of natural amino acid powder prepared in Example 1
After redissolving in water, cation exchange resin Amberlite IR-120 and anion exchange resin Amberlite
After ion exchange treatment using an IRA-400 column and removing water from the eluate under heating and reduced pressure, the ethanol-soluble components were removed with 20% ethanol and dried under reduced pressure.
I got g. Example 3 Krill state water discharged from a decanter during production of krill meal at a DeLaval type meal plant on a trawler fishing Antarctic krill in the Southern Ocean was frozen on board and used as a raw material for taurine extraction. The composition of this krill state quarter is as shown in the analysis values in Table 5. After thawing, it was heated to 40°C, and the 40% water was collected using an Amicon hollow-eye bar type ultrafiltration device DC-30 (with a molecular weight cut-off of 5000). Liquid 34 with a solid content of 4.4% and a taurine content of 0.21% (3.7% in solids) was recovered.

[Table] This krill ultrafiltrate 34 was adjusted to pH 9.5 in the same manner as in Example 1 and subjected to electrodialysis, and the concentrated solution was
Further electrodialysis was performed at pH 5.0 to obtain desalted solution 18.
The desalted solution was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the taurine content was 27.8.
% pale yellow powder was obtained.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Subjecting the seafood broth to pretreatment to remove polymeric components, then adjusting the pretreatment solution to pH 8.0 or higher or 4.0 or lower, performing electrodialysis, and collecting a concentrated solution. A method for producing natural taurine, which is characterized by: 2. Subject the seafood broth to pretreatment to remove polymeric components, then adjust the pretreated solution to pH 8.0 or higher or 4.0 or lower, perform primary electrodialysis to collect a concentrated solution, and further collect this concentrated solution. A method for producing natural taurine, which comprises adjusting the pH of taurine to 4 to 8, performing secondary electrodialysis, and collecting a dialysate.