JPS641192B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application field The present invention effectively removes light foreign substances with light specific gravity such as grass seeds and stems, and heavy foreign substances such as stones and metals, which are mixed in grains such as rice, adzuki beans, and soybeans. This invention relates to a specific gravity separator capable of separating into two.

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY Conventionally, as a means to remove foreign matter mixed in grains, an inclined mesh plate is vibrated and air is blown up from below the mesh plate, grains are thrown onto the mesh plate, and grains with a light specific gravity are removed. Devices are known for removing foreign substances from grains by moving substances with a higher specific gravity downwards, while objects with higher specific gravity move upwards. According to this device,
Foreign matter with high specific gravity such as stones and metals can be effectively removed, but it is not easy to effectively remove light foreign matter such as grass seeds and stems. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have researched and have already proposed an improvement to a specific gravity separation device that can effectively and efficiently remove these lightweight foreign substances (Japanese Patent Application No. 114132/1982). However, even with this improved specific gravity separator, it is difficult to completely remove light foreign substances, and grains, stones,
In order to collect heavy foreign objects such as metals from the same direction, a problem has arisen in that grains and these heavy foreign objects cannot be separated at the same time. In order to overcome these difficulties, the development of an even more excellent specific gravity separation device has been awaited.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In view of the above points, the present inventors further engaged in research to improve the specific gravity separation device, and as a result, they were able to remove lightweight foreign matter more effectively than the device already proposed above. At the same time, we developed a specific gravity separation device that is also capable of removing heavy foreign matter, which led to this proposal.

Means for Solving the Problem The present invention provides a mesh-like diaphragm that is tilted, blows air up from below the diaphragm to the diaphragm surface, feeds raw grain onto the diaphragm surface, and moves the grain toward the upper end. In a specific gravity separator that separates and moves lightweight foreign matter with a small specific gravity toward the lower end, there is provided a device parallel to the diaphragm above the upper part of the diaphragm in order to change the direction of the blown up air. A wind direction guide plate is provided, and a preliminary separation plate is installed above the guide plate, and the raw material grains are dropped onto the preliminary separation plate, and the raw material grains are separated in advance on the preliminary separation plate according to the difference in specific gravity. The specific gravity separator is characterized in that the diaphragm is separated and guided to fall onto the surface of the diaphragm, and a discharge slit is provided at the upper edge of the diaphragm.

In the above-mentioned proposal, the air once blown up from the diaphragm surface is partially directed toward the lower end by the guide plate, and on the other hand, the air is injected onto the upper surface of the guide plate and is directed downward from the lower end of the guide plate. Light foreign objects are blown away from the falling raw material grains according to their specific gravity to separate them from the grains in advance, thereby making it possible to effectively perform the separation operation on the diaphragm surface, but before they fall from the guide plate. No preliminary separation operation had been performed. In the present invention, a preliminary separating plate is installed above the guide plate, and raw grains to be dropped onto the upper surface of the preliminary separating plate are separated in advance on the preliminary separating plate depending on the difference in specific gravity. This makes it possible to further improve separation efficiency.

Furthermore, the separation efficiency can be further improved by making the preliminary separation plate porous and by blowing preliminary air between the upper surface of the guide plate and the preliminary separation plate.

Furthermore, by providing a discharge slit at the upper edge of the diaphragm, heavy foreign matter located on the bottom layer of the raw grain layer that is present on the surface of the diaphragm and moves upward is discharged from the discharge slit. This has led to efficient elimination.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

In the figure, 2 is a specific gravity separation device according to the present invention.
The specific gravity separation device 2 has a base frame 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a fan device installed on the base frame 4, which functions to send air to the lower surface of the mesh-like diaphragm 8 provided above the fan device 6. The net-like diaphragm 8 is provided with an appropriate inclination as shown. This angle of inclination is appropriately set depending on the article to be processed. 1
0 is a motor for driving the fan device 6. Further, the diaphragm 8 is capable of vibrating in the upper and lower end directions as shown by the arrows in FIG. It is done through. A wind pressure adjusting plate (not shown) for adjusting the wind pressure of the air blown up from the fan device 6 is attached to the lower surface side of the net-like diaphragm 8. In the illustrated example, the reticular diaphragms 8 are arranged in two rows, but it goes without saying that they may be arranged in one row or in multiple rows.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a wind direction guide plate installed above the upper part of the reticular diaphragm 8 in parallel with the diaphragm 8, and which guides the direction of the air blown upward from the fan device 6 onto the diaphragm 8. Perform the action of changing. As shown in FIG. 2, most of the blown-up airflow A is deflected toward the lower end of the diaphragm 8 to become the airflow A1, and a portion thereof is deflected toward the upper end to become the airflow A2.

17 is located above the guide plate 16.
This is a preliminary separation plate that is inclined toward the lower end of the holder. The structure of the preliminary separation plate 17 is a porous plate such as a wire mesh or a punched plate that allows air to circulate. Since the preliminary separation plate 17 is porous, preliminary air B is blown into the lower surface of the preliminary separation plate 17, as will be described later, to preliminarily separate the raw material grains charged onto the upper surface of the preliminary separation plate 17. The specific gravity separation can be carried out more effectively by the action of the preliminary air flow B.

18 is a raw material input hopper installed above the preliminary separation plate 17, and the raw material grain M input from the hopper 18 is guided to the upper surface of the preliminary separation plate 17, and then flows down the upper surface of the preliminary separation plate 17. Then, it falls from the lower end of the preliminary separation plate 17 to the upper surface of the diaphragm 8 via the guide plate 16 surface. In other words, the upper surface of the preliminary separation plate 17 performs preliminary separation of the raw material grains and also functions as a chute for guiding the raw material grains.

In the illustrated embodiment, the pre-separation plate 17 is made of a porous material such as a wire mesh that allows air to flow through it, and by blowing the pre-air flow B into it, the effect of pre-separating the raw material grains is further enhanced. A preferred example is shown below. Thus, the preliminary air flow B is blown between the upper surface of the guide plate 16 and the preliminary separating plate 17. Due to the effect of the preliminary air flow B blown up from the lower surface side of the preliminary separating plate 17, preliminary separation on the surface of the preliminary separating plate 17 is performed more effectively. Note that as the air source for the preliminary airflow B, the airflow from the fan device 6 may be divided and used, or another fan device (not shown) may be newly installed and the airflow It goes without saying that you may also use the .

The raw material grains M, which have been separated in advance according to specific gravity on the upper surface of the preliminary separation plate 17, fall onto the diaphragm 8 in the separated state. During the fall, this falling raw material grain M is subjected to the wind selection effect by the above-mentioned deflected airflow A1, and very light skins and the like are blown away, and light foreign objects such as grass seeds and stems are blown away. It shifts and falls toward the lower end of the surface of the diaphragm 8, and heavy objects such as grains are not affected by the wind so much and fall as they are.
Therefore, raw material grains are first subjected to preliminary gravity separation on the preliminary separation plate 17 according to their specific gravity, and then further sorted and separated by air selection before falling onto the diaphragm 8. , and then the separation operation by the diaphragm 8 is performed on the surface of the diaphragm 8, so the separation effect is very excellent. Reference numeral 22 denotes a net-like body that closes and shields the upper and lateral sides of the lower end of the diaphragm 8, and prevents very light foreign matter such as skin from being blown away by the wind selection effect of the deflected air flow described above. play a role. The lower part of the net-like body 22 is continuous with a lightweight foreign matter outlet 24 for receiving lightweight foreign matter discharged from the lower end of the diaphragm 8.

Reference numeral 26 denotes an air volume control plate installed over the entire width of the diaphragm 8 with a gap below the lower end of the diaphragm 8, and the air flow blown from the fan device 6 is controlled by the diaphragm 8.
The flow does not flow violently near the lower end of the pipe, but instead flows calmly. Due to the action of the air volume control plate 26, the movement of lightweight foreign matter at the lower end portion of the diaphragm 8 becomes quieter, and the sorting effect is improved accordingly.

In addition, a net-like resistance member 28 is protruded from the upper surface of both ends of the lower end of the diaphragm 8, and grains are dammed up by this resistance member 28, but airflow is allowed to pass through, so that the sorting effect is still maintained. can be increased. Furthermore, a plate-shaped resistance member 30 is provided on the upper surface of the central portion of the lower end of the diaphragm 8 in a manner that it is displaced in the upper end direction than the mesh-shaped resistance member 28 . The airflow in the central part is inevitably stronger than in the both ends, and the sorting effect is reduced accordingly.
By installing this plate-shaped resistance member 30, it became possible to calm the air flow and enhance the sorting effect.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a product outlet provided in series with the upper end portion of the diaphragm 8. 34 is an air volume adjusting member installed near the upper end portion of the diaphragm 8;
Most of the air flow blown up from the surface is transferred to the diaphragm 8.
It has the effect of deflecting it toward the lower end. As the air volume adjusting member, the net member 36 alone has a sufficient air volume adjustment effect, but if a damper 38 is installed on the front side of the net member 36, the air volume can be easily adjusted. Further, the net member 36 serves to prevent skin and the like carried by the remaining airflow blowing toward the upper end from scattering. Reference numeral 40 denotes a discharge slit provided at the upper edge of the diaphragm 8, which is one of the features of the device of the present invention that is not found in the previous application (Japanese Patent Application No. 114132/1982). An opening/closing plate 42 is rotatably provided at the upper end of the outer wall of the discharge slit 40, and the opening angle of this opening/closing plate 42 can be set as appropriate. By providing this discharge slit 40, it has become possible to efficiently remove foreign substances heavier than grains, such as stones, metals, heavy coal, etc., which could not be removed by the apparatus of the earlier application. That is, these heavy foreign substances sink under the grains and move toward the upper end of the diaphragm 8 while being located in the lowest layer, and when they reach the upper end of the diaphragm 8, they are discharged from the discharge slit 40. be. Since the grain body can also be discharged from this discharge slit 40, even if a considerable amount of heavy foreign matter is mixed in, the grain body is discharged from the discharge slit 40 along with the heavy foreign matter, but the grain containing these heavy foreign matter is separately discharged. Grain is sorted by removing heavy foreign substances using a known destoning device or the like. The existence of this discharge slit 40 makes it much easier to remove heavy foreign matter compared to the time and effort required to remove all the grains coming out of the product outlet 32 using a de-stoning device, etc., as in the case of the earlier application mentioned above. Now you can do it. If the opening of the discharge slit 40 is made larger than necessary, there is a disadvantage that a large amount of the grain itself will be mixed in, so it is usually preferable to make the opening of about one grain.

Operation With the above-described configuration, when the raw material grain M is fed from the raw material input hopper 18 onto the upper surface of the preliminary separating plate 17, the raw material grain M is separated between the guide plate 16 and the preliminary separating plate 17 on the preliminary separating plate 17. Combined with the action of the preliminary air flow B (dotted chain line) blown into the air, preliminary specific gravity separation is achieved. Due to this preliminary specific gravity separation, lighter objects are blown farther away, while heavier objects are guided downward without being affected by the wind. Next, the particles are pre-separated according to their specific gravity and fall toward the surface of the diaphragm 8 (solid line in FIG. 2). On the other hand, the air flow A blown into the diaphragm 8 from the fan device 6 passes through the mesh of the diaphragm 8 and is blown upward, then hits the lower surface of the guide plate 16 and most of the air flows toward the lower end of the diaphragm 8. A part of the air is deflected toward the upper end and becomes an air flow A2 (dashed line in FIG. 2).
Therefore, the raw grains that fall onto the 8 surfaces of the diaphragm are sorted by the airflow while they are falling, and the lighter ones are blown away, while the heavier ones are not affected by the wind and fall straight down. I will do it. Therefore, items are basically scattered on the 8th surface of the diaphragm in a falling arrangement in order from the heaviest to the lightest, but the above arrangement may be disrupted depending on the state of input or the presence of foreign objects. Of course. In addition, very light foreign matter, such as skin, is carried as is by the air flow, is once collected by the mesh body 22, and is discharged from the light foreign matter outlet 24.

Raw grains that have fallen onto the surface of the diaphragm 8 are vibrated by the diaphragm 8, and grains with a high specific gravity (including heavy foreign objects such as stones, metals, heavy coal, etc.) are affected by the vibration force of the diaphragm 8. Due to the large amount of transmission, it moves toward the upper end. Light foreign objects (grass seeds, stems, etc.) are not affected by vibration because they are suspended by the air flow from the 8 sides of the diaphragm.
continues to fall and move toward the lower end of the diaphragm 8 due to the air slide phenomenon. When the grains that have moved toward the upper end reach the upper end of the diaphragm 8, the heaviest objects located at the bottom layer, such as stones, metals, heavy coal, etc., are discharged from the discharge slit 40. The grains that have moved beyond the discharge slit 40 fall and are discharged from the product outlet 32.

When a lightweight foreign object moves toward the lower end of the diaphragm 8, it moves violently due to the wind blown up from the diaphragm 8 and reaches the lower end due to the air slide phenomenon.
Because of the existence of
Since only a small amount of air entering from the gap between the diaphragm 8 and the air volume control plate 26 acts, the movement of the lightweight foreign object is quiet, and the lightweight foreign object stays only for the height of the mesh resistance member 28 and does not move any further. When the light foreign matter accumulates, it passes over the mesh resistance member 28 and is discharged from the light foreign matter outlet 24. In addition, lightweight foreign matter moved by the central portion of the diaphragm 8 can also be removed by the plate-shaped resistance member 30.
Due to the presence of the foreign matter, this movement is made quiet and is likewise retained by the plate-shaped resistance member 30, and then overcomes it and is discharged from the lightweight foreign matter outlet 24. Such sorting makes it possible to effectively remove light foreign substances such as grass seeds and stems, which has been considered difficult until now.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, lightweight foreign substances in grains are extremely effectively and completely removed by performing preliminary specific gravity separation operation and wind selection operation in addition to conventional specific gravity separation operation. In addition, by using a discharge slit in combination, heavy foreign objects can be easily removed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side explanatory view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing the raw material flow and air flow, FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1 with the net-like body omitted, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing the upper part of the discharge slit. 2... Specific gravity separation device, 6... Fan device, 8... Net-like diaphragm, 16... Wind direction guide plate, 17... Preliminary separation plate, 18... Raw material input hopper, 20... Shute,
26...Air volume control board, 28...Mesh resistance member, 30...
Plate resistance member, 32...product outlet, 40...discharge slit, A...air flow, B...preliminary air flow.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A reticular vibrating body is provided at an angle, air is blown up from below the vibrating plate to the vibrating plate surface, raw grains are put into the vibrating plate surface, the grains are moved toward the upper end and discharged from the product outlet, and the specific gravity In a specific gravity separator that separates and moves small lightweight foreign matter toward the lower end and discharges it from the light foreign matter outlet, a foreign matter is placed above the upper part of the diaphragm in order to change the direction of the blown up air. a wind direction guide plate provided in parallel with the diaphragm, a porous pre-separation plate provided above the wind direction guide plate, and a discharge slit provided at the upper edge of the diaphragm;
an air volume adjustment member provided near the upper end of the diaphragm; an air volume control plate provided across the entire width below the lower end of the diaphragm for controlling air volume;
a net-like body provided to block and shield the upper and lateral sides of the lower end of the diaphragm and continuous with the lightweight foreign matter outlet; a net-like resistance member protruding from the upper surface of both end portions of the lower end of the diaphragm; A plate-shaped resistance member is provided on the upper surface of the center portion of the lower end of the diaphragm, and is provided in a protruding manner in a state in which the mesh-shaped resistance member is displaced in the upper end direction,
By blowing preliminary air between the upper surface of the wind direction guide plate and the preliminary separating plate, the raw grains to be dropped onto the preliminary separating plate are separated in advance on the preliminary separating plate according to the difference in specific gravity, and the grains are separated by the vibration. A specific gravity separator characterized by guiding the fall onto a plate surface.