JP5809619B2 - Specific gravity difference sorter - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a specific gravity difference sorter capable of efficiently sorting materials to be sorted, for example, industrial waste, in which substances having different specific gravities are mixed.

  For example, a specific gravity difference sorter disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known as a specific gravity difference sorter capable of sorting materials to be sorted, for example, industrial wastes, in which substances having different specific gravities are mixed.

  In Patent Document 2, an air nozzle is provided in the vicinity of the lower end of the waste input unit, and air is blown to the waste supplied from the input unit by the air nozzle, and the lighter of those is forcibly sent toward the lower end of the vibrating body. Thus, a specific gravity difference sorter that can always sort accurately regardless of the composition and supply amount of waste has been disclosed.

  In Patent Document 2, an air nozzle is provided in the vicinity of the lower end of the mesh-like vibrating body, and before the waste supplied from the waste input unit reaches the upper surface of the mesh-like vibrating body, air from the air nozzle is blown vigorously to reduce the weight. Is sent toward the lower end of the vibrating body. However, as can be seen from the diagram of Patent Document 2, in Patent Document 2, an air nozzle is merely provided to prevent the light-weight object from being fed in the direction toward the upper end of the mesh-like vibrating body. There was a problem that there was a possibility that light weight items could not be completely selected depending on the location.

JP 2001-327926 A JP 2004-136225 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides a specific gravity difference sorter that can efficiently sort materials to be sorted in which substances having different specific gravity are mixed. Objective.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the specific gravity difference sorter according to the present invention has an upper housing and a lower housing formed by inclining and arranging a perforated diaphragm in the apparatus housing, on the surface of the perforated diaphragm. In the specific gravity difference sorter, a material to be sorted containing different substances of specific gravity is introduced from the hopper, and a heavy material having a large specific gravity is separated and moved in the upper end direction, and a light material having a small specific gravity is separated and moved in the lower end direction. An upper housing wind power sorting means is provided in the upper housing for forming a stream of air in the housing so that the light weight of the raw material to be sorted that is dropped from the hopper flies toward the lower end of the perforated diaphragm surface. atmosphere provided upstream, wherein the lightweight material that is charged from the hopper Ri greens so as to be blown is air classifiers downstream, in said upper housing Pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure with the atmosphere in the lower housing is provided, the pressure difference between the atmosphere in the upper housing and the atmosphere in the lower housing is measured, and the pressure difference is 100 Pascals or more alarm to emit, characterized Rukoto such so as to clean the or the screened perforated plate stops operation of the device After a 250 pascals or more.

  Further, it is preferable that a lower housing blowing means is provided in the lower housing, and air is blown from the lower housing blowing means onto the surface of the selected porous diaphragm. As the selected porous diaphragm, a sawtooth shape as disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 is preferable.

  Preferably, the lower end portion of the perforated diaphragm is formed as a mesh screen portion, and sandy materials out of the light material blown to the downstream side are screened off from the mesh screen portion. As a result, sandy objects such as fine sand that are not lightweight are removed.

  It is preferable that the upper housing wind force sorting means is a fan device provided on the upstream side in the upper housing.

  The upper housing wind power sorting means is a circulating blower device having a blower port provided on the upstream side in the upper housing, and a blower port provided on the upstream side in the upper housing; An exhaust port provided on the downstream side, and a dust collector for sucking air from the exhaust port to clean the air and circulating the air to the blower port and blowing it into the upper housing. The air exhausted from the exhaust port may be circulated and blown into the upper housing from the blower port. By comprising in this way, it becomes a circulation type upper housing ventilation means.

  It is preferable to provide a high-pressure jet cleaning means for washing the selected porous diaphragm above the selected porous diaphragm and in the upper housing.

  Pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure between the atmosphere in the upper housing and the atmosphere in the lower housing is provided, the pressure difference between the atmosphere in the upper housing and the atmosphere in the lower housing is measured, and the pressure difference is It is preferable that an alarm is issued when the pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure value set in advance, or the operation of the apparatus is stopped or the selected perforated plate is washed when the pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure value set in advance. is there.

  Further, pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure between the atmosphere in the upper housing and the atmosphere in the lower housing is provided, and the pressure difference between the atmosphere in the upper housing and the atmosphere in the lower housing is measured, and the pressure When the difference becomes 100 Pascals or more, an alarm is issued. When the difference becomes 250 Pascals or more, it is preferable to stop the operation of the apparatus or to wash the perforated plate. However, the pressure value set according to the object to be selected can be changed. When the operation of the apparatus is stopped, the power supply of the apparatus may be automatically turned off when the predetermined pressure value is reached. In cleaning the perforated plate, a high pressure water flow may be automatically blown by the high pressure jet cleaning means described above when the predetermined pressure value is reached.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a specific gravity difference sorter that can efficiently sort materials to be sorted in which substances having different specific gravities are mixed.

It is a front view showing one embodiment of a specific gravity difference sorter of the present invention. It is a principal part expansion schematic explanatory drawing of the specific gravity difference sorter | selector of FIG. It is a front view which shows another embodiment of the specific gravity difference sorter | selector of this invention. It is a front view which shows other embodiment of the specific gravity difference sorter | selector of this invention. FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows another embodiment of the specific gravity difference sorter | selector of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows other embodiment of the specific gravity difference sorter | selector of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but these embodiments are exemplarily shown, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. Moreover, the same member is shown with the same code | symbol.

  1 to 2, reference numeral 10A denotes an embodiment of a specific gravity difference sorter according to the present invention. In the specific gravity difference sorter 10A, an upper housing 16 and a lower housing 18 are formed by inclining and providing a saw-tooth shaped selection perforated diaphragm 14 in a side view in the device housing 12 of the specific gravity difference sorter main body 62A. A material 20 to be sorted, in which substances having different specific gravities are mixed, is introduced from the hopper 22 on the perforated diaphragm surface 14, and a heavy object 24 having a large specific gravity is moved toward the upper end, and a light object 26 having a small specific gravity is separated and moved toward the lower end. In the specific gravity difference sorter configured to squeeze, a lightweight material 26 of the raw material 20 to be sorted, which is dropped from the hopper 22 by forming an air flow in the upper housing 16, flies toward the lower end of the perforated diaphragm 14. An upper housing wind force sorting means 28 is provided on the upstream side 32 in the upper housing 16, and the light weight introduced from the hopper 22 is provided. 26 is then to be blown is air classifiers downstream 34. The heavy object 24 is discharged from the heavy object discharge port 25, and the light object 26 is discharged from the light object discharge port 27. 1-2, the example of the fan apparatus 30 was shown as the upper housing wind force selection means 28. In FIG. Reference numeral 35 denotes driving means (for example, a motor) of the fan device 30.

  In addition, air is blown from the lower air blowing means 36 provided in the lower housing 18 onto the surface of the perforated diaphragm 14. As a result, a small heavy object on the surface of the selected porous diaphragm 14 falls from the surface of the selected porous diaphragm 14 and is discharged from the discharge port 39 to become a lower product 41 of the selected porous diaphragm. In the illustrated example, an example of the fan device 37 is shown as the lower air blowing means 36. As the lower air blowing means 36, it is only necessary to blow up air onto the surface of the selected porous diaphragm 14, and therefore, for example, a blower device can be applied in addition to the fan device 37. Reference numeral 38 denotes a dust collection port of a dust collector (not shown), and dust 40 and the like are discharged from the dust collection port 38.

  Furthermore, in the example of FIGS. 1 to 2, the lower end portion of the perforated diaphragm 14 is a reticulated screen portion 42, and among the light objects 26 that are blown to the downstream side 34, the sand-like material is the reticulated screen. It is configured so as to be sieved off from the portion 42 to become a net-like sieve subordinate product 43. The mesh screen portion 42 may be provided as necessary, and the mesh screen portion 42 may not be provided.

  By configuring in this way, for example, when heavy materials (iron scrap, sand, etc.) occupy half and light materials (eg wood, etc.) occupy half of the materials to be sorted, compared to conventional specific gravity difference sorters. Thus, the processing speed is approximately doubled.

  FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the specific gravity difference sorter according to the present invention. In FIG. 3, the code | symbol 10B shows the specific gravity difference sorter | selector of this invention. In the specific gravity difference sorter 10B, the lower air blowing means 44 is an example of the blower devices 46a and 46b. As a result, a small heavy object on the surface of the selected porous diaphragm 14 falls from the surface of the selected porous diaphragm 14 and is discharged from the discharge port 48 to become a lower product 50 of the selected porous diaphragm. Since the specific gravity difference sorter 10B is the same as the specific gravity difference sorter 10A except for the above-described lower air blowing means 44, the description thereof will be omitted.

  Next, other embodiments of the specific gravity difference sorter according to the present invention are shown in FIGS. 4-5, the code | symbol 10C shows the specific gravity difference sorter | selector of this invention. In the specific gravity difference sorter 10C, the sorted porous diaphragm 14 is formed by tilting the sorted porous diaphragm 14 in the device housing 12 of the specific gravity difference sorter main body 62C, and the sorted porous diaphragm is formed. A material 20 having different specific gravity mixed on the surface 14 is introduced from the hopper 22, and a heavy material 24 having a large specific gravity is moved toward the upper end and a light material 26 having a small specific gravity is moved to the lower end. In the difference sorter, an air flow is formed in the upper housing 16 so that the lightweight material 26 of the raw material to be sorted 20 dropped from the hopper 22 flies toward the lower end of the perforated diaphragm 14. An upper housing wind power sorting means 52 is provided on the upstream side 32 in the upper housing 16, and the lightweight object 26 introduced from the hopper 22 is on the downstream side. It made so as to be blown is air classifiers to 4.

  In FIGS. 4 to 5, an example of a fan device is shown as the upper housing wind power sorting means 52. The upper housing wind power sorting means 52 is a circulating blower device 56 having a blower port 54 provided on the upstream side 32 in the upper housing 16, and a blower port provided on the upstream side 32 in the upper housing 16. 54, an exhaust port 58 provided on the downstream side of the upper housing 16 and air from the exhaust port 58 to clean the air and circulate the air to the blower port 54 to circulate the upper housing. And a dust collecting device 60 for blowing into the air, and the air exhausted from the exhaust port 58 circulates and is blown into the upper housing 16 from the blower port 54. Reference numerals 64 and 66 are pipes connecting the specific gravity difference sorter main body 62 and the dust collector 60. The pipe 66 is provided with a silencer 68.

  Further, air is blown up from the lower air blowing means 36 provided in the lower housing 18 onto the surface of the perforated diaphragm 14. Thereby, a small heavy object on the surface of the selected porous diaphragm 14 falls from the surface of the selected porous diaphragm 14 and is discharged from the discharge port 39 to become a subordinate product of the selected porous diaphragm. In the illustrated example, an example of the fan device 37 is shown as the lower air blowing means 36. As the lower air blowing means 36, it is only necessary to blow up air onto the surface of the selected porous diaphragm 14, and therefore, for example, a blower device can be applied in addition to the fan device 37.

  Furthermore, similarly to the specific gravity difference sorter 10A, the lower end portion of the perforated diaphragm 14 is a reticulated screen portion 42, and among the light objects 26 that are blown to the downstream side 34, the sand-like material is the reticulated screen portion. You may comprise so that it may be sieved from.

  Next, still another embodiment of the specific gravity difference sorter of the present invention is shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, the code | symbol 10D shows the specific gravity difference sorting machine of this invention. In the specific gravity difference sorter 10D, the selection porous diaphragm 14 is formed by inclining the selection porous diaphragm 14 in the device housing 12 of the specific gravity difference sorter main body 62D. A material 20 having different specific gravity mixed on the surface 14 is introduced from the hopper 22, and a heavy material 24 having a large specific gravity is moved toward the upper end and a light material 26 having a small specific gravity is moved to the lower end. In the difference sorter, an air flow is formed in the upper housing 16 so that the lightweight material 26 of the raw material to be sorted 20 dropped from the hopper 22 flies toward the lower end of the perforated diaphragm 14. An upper housing wind power sorting means 52 is provided on the upstream side 32 in the upper housing 16, and the lightweight object 26 introduced from the hopper 22 is on the downstream side. Is wind sorted into 4 becomes so as to be blown to the upper and in the upper housing 16 of the screened porous diaphragm 14, formed by providing a high-pressure jet cleaning unit 70 for washing the sorting perforated diaphragm 14. The heavy object 24 is discharged from the heavy object discharge port 25, and the light object 26 is discharged from the light object discharge port 27. In the illustrated example, an example in which a plurality of water jet nozzles 72 from which the high pressure water flow 71 blows out from the nozzles is provided as the high pressure jet cleaning means 70 is shown. With this configuration, the selected porous diaphragm 14 is cleaned cleanly. The specific gravity difference sorter 10D has the same configuration as the specific gravity difference sorter 10A except for the above-described high-pressure jet cleaning means 70, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted. The high-pressure jet cleaning means 70 can be applied to any aspect of the specific gravity difference sorter of the present invention.

  Next, still another embodiment of the specific gravity difference sorter of the present invention is shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, the code | symbol 10E shows the specific gravity difference sorter | selector of this invention. In the specific gravity difference sorter 10E, the selection porous vibration plate 14 is formed by inclining the selection porous vibration plate 14 in the device housing 12 of the specific gravity difference sorter main body 62E, thereby forming the selection porous vibration plate. A material 20 having different specific gravity mixed on the surface 14 is introduced from the hopper 22, and a heavy material 24 having a large specific gravity is moved toward the upper end and a light material 26 having a small specific gravity is moved to the lower end. In the difference sorter, an air flow is formed in the upper housing 16 so that the lightweight material 26 of the raw material to be sorted 20 dropped from the hopper 22 flies toward the lower end of the perforated diaphragm 14. An upper housing wind power sorting means 52 is provided on the upstream side 32 in the upper housing 16, and the lightweight object 26 introduced from the hopper 22 is on the downstream side. Pressure measuring means 74 for measuring the pressure of the atmosphere in the upper housing 16 above the sorted porous diaphragm 14 and in the upper housing 16 (difference in the illustrated example). A pressure measuring means 76 for measuring the pressure of the atmosphere in the lower housing 18 is provided below the selected porous diaphragm 14 and in the lower housing 18.

  As a result, the pressure difference between the atmosphere in the upper housing 16 and the atmosphere in the lower housing 18 is measured, and an alarm is issued when the pressure difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined pressure value set in advance. When the pressure value becomes equal to or higher than the pressure value, the operation of the apparatus is stopped or the selected perforated plate 14 is washed. Note that a differential pressure gauge can be used as the pressure measuring means.

  In order to stop the operation of the apparatus, the power source of the specific gravity difference sorter of the present invention may be automatically turned off when a predetermined pressure difference is reached. Further, in cleaning the perforated plate 14 when a predetermined pressure difference is reached, the above-described high-pressure jet cleaning means 70 is provided so that the selected perforated plate 14 can be removed when the predetermined pressure difference is reached. It becomes possible to wash automatically.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the air volume measuring means is provided so that the air volume of the dust collecting air volume, the lower housing air blowing means, and the upper housing wind power sorting means can be measured, respectively, and further, the heavy material discharge port 25 and the light material discharge port 27 is also preferably provided with air volume measuring means. Preferably, a shutter (not shown) is provided at the heavy load outlet 25 so that the heavy load outlet 25 can be closed, and the flow of air from the heavy load outlet 25 and the lightweight load outlet 27 is measured. An air flow meter can be used as the air flow measuring means. Preferably, a state where air is slightly sucked from the heavy material discharge port 25 and the light material discharge port 27, that is, a state where the inside of the specific gravity difference sorter main body 62E is slightly negative is preferable.

  Next, a procedure for using the specific gravity difference sorter 10E will be described.

1. The pressure is confirmed by the pressure measuring means 76.
2. Check the air volume of each air volume measuring means.
3. Check whether these values are within the range of normal values (normal values are measured by initial values and given a certain range).
4). When the pressure difference between the atmosphere in the upper housing 16 and the atmosphere in the lower housing 18 becomes an abnormal value (for example, 100 Pascals or more), an alarm is issued. The operation is stopped or the perforated plate is washed. However, the pressure value set according to the object to be selected can be changed.

  By using the specific gravity difference sorter 10E in this way, sorting can be performed more safely and efficiently than in the past. In addition, the above procedure can be automated by computer control.

  10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E: Specific gravity difference sorter, 12: Device housing, 14: Sorted porous diaphragm, 16: Upper housing, 18: Lower housing, 20: Raw material to be sorted, 22: Hopper, 24: Weight 25: Heavy load outlet, 26: Light weight outlet, 27: Light weight outlet, 28, 52: Upper housing wind power sorting means, 30, 37: Fan device, 32: Upstream side, 34: Downstream side, 35: Drive means, 36, 44: Lower air blowing means, 38: Dust collection port, 39, 48: Discharge port, 40: Dust, 41: Underlying perforated diaphragm, 42: Reticulated sieve part, 43: Reticulated sieve part, 46a 46b: Blower device, 50: Sorted porous diaphragm, 54: Blower port, 56: Circulating blower device, 58: Exhaust port, 60: Dust collector, 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D, 62E: Specific gravity difference sorting Machine body, 4,66: piping 68: silencer, 70: high-pressure jet cleaning unit, 71: high-pressure water, 72: water jet nozzle, 74: pressure measuring means.

Claims (6)

An upper housing and a lower housing are formed by tilting the perforated diaphragm in the device housing, and a material to be sorted, in which substances with different specific gravity are mixed, is introduced from the hopper on the surface of the perforated diaphragm. In a specific gravity difference sorter that separates and moves a heavy object having a large specific gravity in the upper end direction and a light object having a small specific gravity in the lower end direction
An upper housing wind sorting means for forming a stream of air in the upper housing so that a light material to be sorted that is dropped from the hopper is blown toward the lower end of the sorted porous diaphragm surface. provided on the upstream side of the housing, Ri said lightweight material that is introduced from the hopper the name so as to be blown is air classifiers downstream,
Pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure between the atmosphere in the upper housing and the atmosphere in the lower housing is provided, the pressure difference between the atmosphere in the upper housing and the atmosphere in the lower housing is measured, and the pressure difference is , an alarm After a 100 pascals or more, the difference in specific gravity sorter, wherein Rukoto such so as to clean the or the screened perforated plate stops operation of the device After a 250 pascals or more.   2. The specific gravity difference sorter according to claim 1, wherein a lower housing blowing means is provided in the lower housing, and air is blown from the lower housing blowing means onto the surface of the perforated diaphragm.   A lower end portion of the perforated diaphragm is formed as a reticulated screen portion, and sandy materials out of the light-weighted material blown to the downstream side are screened off from the reticulated screen portion. Item 3. A specific gravity difference sorter according to item 1 or 2.   The specific gravity difference sorter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the upper housing wind force sorting means is a fan device provided on the upstream side in the upper housing.   The upper housing wind power sorting means is a circulating blower device having a blower port provided on the upstream side in the upper housing, and a blower port provided on the upstream side in the upper housing; An exhaust port provided on the downstream side, and a dust collector for sucking air from the exhaust port to clean the air and circulating the air to the blower port and blowing it into the upper housing. The specific gravity difference sorter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein air exhausted from the exhaust port circulates and is blown into the upper housing through the blower port.   6. The specific gravity difference according to claim 1, further comprising high-pressure jet cleaning means for washing the selected porous diaphragm above the selected porous diaphragm and in the upper housing. Sorting machine.

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