JPS6219289A - Specific gravity separator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention effectively removes light foreign substances with light specific gravity such as grass seeds and stems, and heavy foreign substances such as stones and metals that are mixed in grains such as rice, red beans, and soybeans. This invention relates to a specific gravity separator capable of separating into two.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as a means to remove foreign substances mixed in grains, a tilted mesh plate is vibrated and air is blown up from below the mesh plate, and the grains are thrown onto the cough mesh plate to remove objects with a light specific gravity. Devices are known for removing foreign substances from grains by moving substances with a higher specific gravity downwards, while objects with higher specific gravity move upwards. According to this device, foreign matter with a high specific gravity such as stones and metals can be effectively removed, but it is not easy to effectively remove light foreign matter such as grass seeds and stems. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have researched and have already proposed an improvement to a specific gravity separation device that can effectively and efficiently remove these lightweight foreign substances (Japanese Patent Application No. 114132/1982). However, even with this improved specific gravity separator, it is difficult to achieve complete removal of light foreign substances, and in order to collect grains and heavy foreign substances such as stones and metals from the same direction, it is difficult to separate grains and heavy foreign substances such as stones and metals at the same time. The inconvenience of not having one has arisen. In order to overcome these difficulties, the development of an even more excellent specific gravity separation device has been awaited.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In view of the above points, the present inventors further engaged in research to improve the specific gravity separation device, and as a result, they were able to remove lightweight foreign matter more effectively than the device already proposed above. At the same time, we developed a specific gravity separation device that can also remove heavy foreign matter, which led to the present proposal.

Means for Solving the Problem The present invention provides a reticular diaphragm at an angle, blows air up from below the diaphragm onto the diaphragm surface, feeds raw grain onto the diaphragm surface, and moves the grain toward the upper end. In a specific gravity separator that separates and moves lightweight foreign matter with a small specific gravity toward the lower end, there is provided a device parallel to the diaphragm above the upper part of the diaphragm in order to change the direction of the blown up air. (A wind direction guide plate is provided, a preliminary separation plate is installed above the guide plate, raw material grains are dropped onto the preliminary separation plate, and the raw material grains are separated in advance on the preliminary separation plate according to the difference in specific gravity. The specific gravity separator is characterized in that the diaphragm is guided to fall onto the surface of the diaphragm, and a discharge slit is provided at the upper edge of the diaphragm.

In the above-mentioned proposal, the air once blown up from the diaphragm surface is partially directed toward the lower end by the guide plate, and is then introduced onto the upper surface of the guide plate and falls downward from the lower end of the guide plate. By blowing light foreign objects far away from the raw material grains according to their specific gravity and separating them from the grains in advance, the separation operation on the diaphragm surface can be performed effectively. No separation operations were performed. In the present invention, a preliminary separating plate is installed above the guide plate, and the raw material grains that are dropped onto the upper surface of the preliminary separating plate are separated in advance on the preliminary separating plate depending on the difference in specific gravity, thereby improving the separation efficiency. This makes it possible to further improve the

Furthermore, the separation efficiency can be further improved by making the preliminary separation plate porous and by blowing preliminary air between the upper surface of the guide plate and the preliminary separation plate.

Furthermore, by providing a discharge slit at the upper edge of the diaphragm, heavy foreign matter located on the bottom layer of the raw grain layer that is present on the surface of the diaphragm and moves upward is discharged from the discharge slit, and the heavy foreign matter is removed from the discharge slit. This was effectively eliminated.

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the figure, 2 is a specific gravity separation device according to the present invention.

The specific gravity separation device 2 has a base frame 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a fan device installed on the base frame 4, which functions to send air to the lower surface of the net-like diaphragm 8 provided above the fan device 6. The net-like diaphragm 8 is provided with an appropriate inclination as shown in the figure. This inclination angle is appropriately set depending on the article to be processed. Reference numeral 10 is a motor for driving the fan device 6. Furthermore, the diaphragm 8 is capable of vibrating in the upper and lower directions as indicated by the arrows in FIG.
The diaphragm 8 is vibrated via an eccentric crank 14 driven by a motor 12. A wind pressure adjusting plate (not shown) for adjusting the wind pressure of the air blown up from the fan device 6 is attached to the lower surface side of the net-like diaphragm 8. In the illustrated example, the reticular diaphragms 8 are arranged in two rows, but it goes without saying that they may be arranged in a negative row or in a plurality of rows.

16 indicates the diaphragm 8 above the upper part of the reticular diaphragm 8.
A wind direction guide plate installed parallel to the fan device 6.
This acts to change the direction of the air that is blown into the diaphragm 8 and blown upward. As shown in FIG. 2, most of the blown air flow A is deflected toward the lower end of the diaphragm 8 to become the air flow AI, and a portion thereof is deflected toward the upper end to become the air flow A2.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a preliminary separation plate provided above the guide plate 16 so as to be inclined toward the lower end of the guide plate 16. As for the structure of the preliminary separation plate 17, it is preferable to use a porous plate such as a wire mesh or a punched plate that allows air to circulate, but it is preferable to use a porous plate such as a wire mesh or a punched plate that allows air to circulate. Any shape is acceptable, and it is also possible to adopt a shape having a large number of recesses or a large number of protrusions on the upper surface. The preliminary separation fl! When a porous material is used as the preliminary separation plate 17, preliminary air B is blown into the lower surface of the preliminary separation plate 17, as will be described later, to perform preliminary specific gravity separation of the raw material grains charged onto the upper surface of the preliminary separation plate 17. can be carried out more effectively by the action of the preliminary air flow B.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a raw material input hopper installed above the preliminary separation plate 17, and the raw material grain M input from the hopper 18 is guided to the upper surface of the preliminary separation plate 17, and then flows down the upper surface of the preliminary separation plate 17. Then, it falls from the lower end of the preliminary separation plate 17 to the upper surface of the diaphragm 8 via the guide plate 16 surface. In other words, the upper surface of the preliminary separation plate 17 performs preliminary separation of the raw material grains and also functions as a chute for guiding the raw material grains.

In the illustrated embodiment, the preliminary separation plate 17 is formed of a porous material such as a wire mesh that allows air to flow through it, and a preliminary air flow B is blown into the plate to further enhance the effect of preliminary separation of raw material grains. This is an indication. Thus, the preliminary air flow B is blown between the upper surface of the guide plate 16 and the preliminary separating plate 17. Due to the effect of the preliminary air flow B blown up from the lower surface side of the preliminary separating plate 17, preliminary separation on the surface of the preliminary separating plate 17 is performed more effectively. Note that as the air source for the preliminary air flow B, the air flow from the fan device 6 may be divided and used,
It goes without saying that another fan device (not shown) may be newly installed and its air flow utilized.

The raw material grains M, which have been separated in advance according to specific gravity on the upper surface of the preliminary separation plate 17, fall onto the diaphragm 8 in the separated state. During the fall, this falling raw material grain M is subjected to the wind selection effect by the deflected airflow A1 described above. Very light skins and the like are blown away, and lightweight foreign objects such as grass seeds and stems are blown away, but due to vibrations. It shifts and falls toward the lower end of the plate 8 surface, and heavy objects such as grains are not affected by the wind so much and fall downward as they are.

Therefore, the raw material grains are first subjected to preliminary gravity separation on the preliminary separation plate 17 surface according to their specific gravity, and then are further sorted and separated by wind selection before falling onto the diaphragm 8 surface. , then the diaphragm 8 on the imaging plate 8 surface.
Since the separation operation is performed by , the separation effect is very excellent. Reference numeral 22 denotes a net-like body that closes and shields the upper and lateral sides of the lower end of the diaphragm 8, and prevents very light foreign matter such as skin from being blown away by the wind selection effect of the deflected air flow described above. play a role. The lower part of the net-like body 22 is continuous with a lightweight foreign matter outlet 24 for receiving lightweight foreign matter discharged from the lower end of the diaphragm 8.

Reference numeral 26 denotes an air volume control plate installed over the entire width with a gap below the lower end of the diaphragm 8, so that the airflow blown from the fan device 6 does not become a strong flow near the lower end of the diaphragm 8. It works to create a quiet flow. Due to the action of the air volume control plate 26, the movement of lightweight foreign matter at the lower end portion of the diaphragm 8 becomes quieter, and the sorting effect is improved accordingly.

Further, a net-like resistance member 28 is provided protruding from the upper surface of both ends of the lower end of the diaphragm 8, and grains are blocked by the resistance member 28, but airflow is allowed to pass through, thereby increasing the sorting effect. I can do it. Furthermore, a plate-shaped resistance member 30 is provided on the upper surface of the central portion of the lower end of the diaphragm 8 in a manner that it is displaced in the upper end direction than the mesh-shaped resistance member 28 . The air flow in the central portion is inevitably stronger than in both end portions and the sorting effect is reduced accordingly, but by installing this plate-shaped resistance member 30, it is possible to calm the air flow and enhance the sorting effect.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a product outlet provided in series with the upper end portion of the diaphragm 8. Reference numeral 34 denotes an air volume adjusting member installed near the upper end of the diaphragm 8, which serves to deflect most of the air flow blown up from the surface of the diaphragm 8 toward the lower end of the diaphragm 8. As the air volume adjusting member, the mesh member 36 alone has a sufficient air volume adjustment effect, but if a damper 38 is installed on the front side of the cough mesh member 36, the air volume can be easily adjusted. Further, the net member 36 serves to prevent the skin and the like from being scattered by the remaining air flow blowing toward the upper end. Reference numeral 40 denotes a discharge slit provided at the upper edge of the diaphragm 8;
This is one of the features of the device of the present invention that is not found in No. 32). An opening/closing plate 42 is rotatably provided at the upper end of the outer wall of the discharge slit 40, and the opening angle of this opening/closing plate 42 can be set as appropriate. By providing this discharge slit 40, foreign matter heavier than grains, such as stones, metals, heavy coal, etc., which could not be removed by the apparatus of the earlier application, can now be efficiently removed. In other words, these heavy foreign objects sink under the grains and move toward the top of the diaphragm 8 while being located at the bottom layer. Since the grain body can also be discharged from this discharge slit 40, even if a considerable amount of heavy foreign matter is mixed in, the grain body is also discharged from the discharge slit 40 along with the heavy foreign matter. The grains are separated by removing heavy foreign matter using a separately known destoning device or the like.As in the case of the above-mentioned prior application, all the grains coming out of the product outlet 32 are subjected to a process to remove heavy foreign matter. This discharge slit 4
The presence of 0 made it much easier to remove heavy foreign objects. If the opening of the discharge slit 40 is made larger than necessary, there is a disadvantage that a large amount of the grain itself will be mixed in, so it is usually preferable to make the opening of about one grain.

Operation With the above-described structure, when the raw material grain M is introduced into the upper surface of the preliminary separating plate 17 from the raw material inputting dumper 18, the raw material grain M is separated between the guide plate 16 and the preliminary separating plate 17 on the preliminary separating plate 17. Preliminary air flow B (dotted-dash line) blown into
Combined with the action of , preliminary specific gravity separation is achieved. Due to this preliminary specific gravity separation, lighter objects are blown farther away, while heavier objects are guided downward without being affected by the wind. Next, the particles are pre-separated according to their specific gravity and fall toward the surface of the diaphragm 8 (solid line in FIG. 2). On the other hand, the air flow A blown from the fan device 6 to the diaphragm 8 passes through the mesh of the diaphragm 8 and is blown upward.
Next, upon hitting the lower surface of the guide plate 16, most of the air is deflected toward the lower end of the diaphragm 8, becoming an air flow A1, and a portion thereof is deflected toward the upper end, becoming an air flow A2 (dashed line in FIG. 2). Therefore, the raw grains that fall onto the 8 surfaces of the diaphragm are screened by the airflow while they are falling, and light grains are blown far away, while heavy grains are not affected by the wind and fall straight down. Become. Therefore, basically, items are scattered on the 8th surface of the diaphragm in a falling arrangement in order from the heaviest to the lightest, but of course the above arrangement may be disrupted depending on the state of input or the state of foreign matter mixed in. It is.

Further, very light foreign matter, such as skin, is carried as is by the air flow, is caught by the net-like body 22, is collected, and is discharged from the light foreign matter outlet 24.

Raw grains that have fallen onto the surface of the diaphragm 8 are vibrated by the diaphragm 8, and grains with a high specific gravity (including heavy foreign objects such as stones, metals, heavy coal, etc.) are affected by the vibration force of the diaphragm 8. It moves toward the upper end due to the large amount of transmission.

Since they are suspended by the air flow from the 8 sides of the diaphragm, lightweight foreign objects (such as grass seeds, etc.) are not affected by vibrations.
stems, etc.) fall and move toward the lower end of the diaphragm 8 due to the air slide phenomenon. When the grains that have moved toward the upper end reach the upper end of the diaphragm 3, the heaviest objects located at the lowest layer, such as stones, metals, heavy coal, etc., are discharged from the discharge slit 40. The grains that have moved beyond the discharge slit 40 fall and are discharged from the product outlet 32.

At the beginning of the fall, a lightweight foreign object moving toward the lower end of the diaphragm 8 moves violently due to the wind blown up from the diaphragm 8 and reaches the lower end due to the air slide phenomenon, but the air volume control plate 26 exists at this lower end. Therefore, there is no direct blow-up of the air flow, and only a small amount of wind that enters from the gap between the diaphragm 8 and the air volume control plate 26 acts, so the movement of lightweight foreign objects is quiet, and the mesh resistance member 28 When more lightweight foreign matter accumulates while remaining for a height of , it is discharged from the lightweight foreign matter outlet 24 over the mesh resistance member 28. Furthermore, the movement of lightweight foreign matter that has moved to the center of the diaphragm 8 becomes quiet due to the presence of the plate-like resistance member 30, and is similarly retained by the plate-like resistance member 30, and then is discharged from the light-weight foreign matter outlet 24 by climbing over the plate-like resistance member 30. be done. Such sorting makes it possible to effectively remove light foreign substances such as grass seeds and stems, which has been considered difficult until now.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the conventional specific gravity bone! ili
By performing preliminary specific gravity separation operation and wind selection operation in addition to the operation, lightweight foreign matter in grains can be removed extremely effectively.
,yo,□yoyo6oo 工7ヮ7. The combined use of [ has the effect that even heavy foreign matter can be easily removed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory side view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing the flow of raw materials and air flow, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory top view of FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged explanatory view showing the upper part of the discharge slit.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A reticular diaphragm is installed at an angle, air is blown up from below the diaphragm onto the diaphragm surface, raw grain is put into the diaphragm surface, the grain is directed toward the upper end, and the lightweight foreign matter with low specific gravity is directed toward the lower end. In the specific gravity separator, a wind direction guide plate is provided above the upper part of the diaphragm in parallel with the diaphragm in order to change the direction of the blown air, and A preliminary separation plate is installed above the guide plate, and raw material grains are dropped onto the preliminary separation plate,
A specific gravity separation characterized in that the raw material grains are separated in advance on the preliminary separation plate according to the difference in specific gravity and are guided to fall onto the surface of the diaphragm, and a discharge slit is provided at the upper edge of the diaphragm. Device. (2) By making the preliminary separating plate porous and blowing preliminary air between the upper surface of the guide plate and the preliminary separating plate, the raw material grains dropped onto the preliminary separating plate are pre-separated according to the difference in specific gravity. The specific gravity separation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the separation is performed on a plate. (3) An air volume adjusting member is provided near the upper end of the diaphragm, so that most of the air blown up from the surface of the diaphragm can be deflected toward the lower end of the diaphragm. A specific gravity separation device according to claim 1 or 2. (4) Specific gravity according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an air volume control plate is installed to control the air volume over the entire width below the lower end portion of the diaphragm. Separation device. (5) A mesh resistance member is provided protrudingly on the upper surface of both end portions of the lower end of the diaphragm, and the plate-like resistance member is displaced upward from the mesh resistance member on the upper surface of the center portion of the lower end of the diaphragm. The specific gravity separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the specific gravity separation device is provided in a protruding manner.