JPS637282B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a combustor that burns liquid fuel such as kerosene.

In general, conventional combustion machines for household heaters heat a metal or other hot plate with a heating device such as an electric heater, and then drip kerosene onto the sufficiently heated area.
In many cases, particles of kerosene are brought into contact with the hot plate by rotary spraying or the like and vaporized, and the vaporized kerosene and air are mixed and ignited at the flame nozzle and combusted.

However, since the hot plate has a large heat capacity, the hot plate is heated with a heating device to a temperature of about 250, which is the temperature at which kerosene vaporizes.
It takes about 5 minutes to preheat the device to reach ℃, which is extremely inconvenient for those who actually use it, as it does not heat up immediately on cold mornings.

The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of such conventional combustion machines, and includes a blower device that supplies combustion air for burning liquid fuel, and a blower device that heats the combustion air supplied by the blower device. an air heating device; an impregnated body containing liquid fuel on the downstream side of the air heating device and having holes through which heated combustion air can pass; a burner port plate that is provided and has holes that are equal to or smaller than the holes of the impregnated body at the same positions as the holes of the impregnated body; a fuel supply device that supplies liquid fuel to the impregnated body; and a downstream side of the burner port plate. By composing the combustion chamber with a combustion chamber provided on the side, the combustion air supplied by the blower is heated by the air heating device in a short time, and this heated combustion air is provided downstream of the impregnated body. The combustion air is brought into contact with the entire impregnated body by means of the flame port plate, which causes turbulence in the combustion air. Therefore, the liquid fuel contained in this impregnated body is efficiently and uniformly vaporized at the flame port plate, thereby providing a combustor in which good combustion can be obtained.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the combustion machine of the present invention.
Kerosene used as an example of liquid fuel is supplied through a fuel supply pipe 1 to an impregnated body 3 having a plurality of holes 2.
On the other hand, combustion air for burning kerosene is supplied by a blower device 4 to a heater 5 provided as an example of an air heating device. Then, the combustion air heated by the heater 5 is passed through the holes 2 of the impregnated body 3, and the kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 is vaporized and burned.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of an oil hot air heater used as an example of a combustor.

At the bottom of the main body 6 of this oil hot air heater, there is an oil tank 7 for storing kerosene, and this oil tank 7.
An oil pump 8 and a fuel supply pipe 1 are provided as an example of a fuel supply device for supplying kerosene inside the vehicle. Combustion air sent by the blower 4 is heated by the heater 5 and supplied to the impregnated body 3 having a plurality of holes. Kerosene is supplied to this impregnated body 3 from a fuel supply pipe 1, where the kerosene is vaporized and mixed, and the kerosene is combusted using a heat exchanger 9 provided in the combustion section as a combustion chamber. The electrode 10 is provided to ignite vaporized kerosene.
Combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is supplied into the room by a heating fan 11 to heat the room.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of the impregnated body 3 provided in the combustion section. This impregnated body 3 can be impregnated with kerosene, and is made of a heat-resistant inorganic material, and is composed of fibers mainly composed of alumina and silica, which have small bulk specific gravity and heat capacity. This impregnated body 3 is fixed together with a metal flame port plate 13 provided on the side of the combustion chamber 12 by a flange 14 and an impregnated body presser 15 via a packing 16, and fuel is supplied to the upper part of the impregnated body 3. Pipe 1 is installed. As shown in FIG. 4, this flame port plate 13 is provided with a plurality of holes 17 at the same positions as the holes 2 of the impregnated body, the diameter of which is equal to or smaller than the hole 2 of the impregnated body. The kerosene supplied from the fuel supply pipe 1 permeates into the impregnated body 3. The combustion air heated by the heater 5, which is an air heating device shown in FIG.
Supplied from the right side of the figure (arrow), hole 2 of impregnated body 3
It passes through the hole 17 of the flame port plate 13 and enters the combustion chamber 12. Since the holes 17 provided in this flame port plate 13 are equal to or smaller in diameter than the holes 2 in the impregnated body, the combustion air becomes turbulent, and the impregnated body 3
The kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 is uniformly vaporized in the entire area by the heated combustion air and comes out from the plurality of holes 17 of the flame port plate 13, and simultaneously mixes with the secondary combustion air, It is ignited by the electrode 10 and burns in the combustion chamber 12.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the heater 5 used as the air heating device shown in FIG. This heater 5 is composed of a heater element 18 whose main component is barium titanate, has numerous ventilation holes inside through which combustion air passes, has a thin electrode coating on the front and back surfaces, and has an electrode cover. It is fixed at 19. This electrode cover 19 is provided with a lead wire 20 that supplies electricity to the heater element 18, and heats the combustion air sent from the blower device 4. This heater element 18 has a property that its electrical resistance is small at low temperatures and becomes large at high temperatures.
Therefore, when electricity is applied to the heater 5, a large current flows because the electrical resistance is small in the initial stage, the temperature of the heater 5 rises very quickly, and the electrical resistance rapidly increases due to the temperature rise of the heat generated by the heater 5. Become. Therefore, when comparing the time required for the temperature rise of the heater 5 to reach its peak with a conventional heater, in the heater 5 of this embodiment, a large current flows at the beginning, so it rises quickly to a high temperature, and furthermore, when the temperature reaches a high temperature, the electrical resistance decreases. Since the temperature is large, it is difficult for current to flow, and since it has self-temperature control, there is no need to provide a temperature detection means for temperature control, making a major contribution to the creation of inexpensive and economical combustion machines.

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of an FF type oil hot air heater showing another embodiment of the present invention. Combustion air is taken in from the blower 4 and sent to the heater 5 via the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21. The combustion air taken in from this blower unit 4 is heated indirectly (no mixing occurs) with combustion gas from the heat exchanger 9 which is discharged outdoors via the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21, and is further heated by the heater 5.
The impregnated body 3 is heated to a temperature of about 250° C. or higher to vaporize the kerosene, and when it passes through the impregnated body 3, the kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 is vaporized and burned in the combustion chamber. The combustion gas is then discharged to the outside of the main body 6 through the heat exchanger 9, the heat exchange header 22, the heat exchange pipe 23, and the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21. This heater 5 is replaced by a heater element 18 whose main component is barium titanate as shown in FIG.
When combustion air heated by the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21 is introduced, the electric resistance value of the heater element 18 increases, the current value flowing to the heater 5 decreases, and power consumption is saved, leading to energy saving. . It also lowers the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21 (increases the heat exchange rate).
This also increases the combustion efficiency of the combustion machine, contributing to energy savings.

The combustion machine shown in FIG.
The combustion air is heated by passing the heat exchange pipe 23 through the blast pipe 24 that supplies the combustion air to the combustor, and the same effect as the above-mentioned combustor can be obtained.

The combustor shown in FIG. 8 has an air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21 as shown in FIG.
6, and the same effect as the FF oil hot air heater shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 can be obtained.

Note that the impregnated body 3 may be any material as long as it is made of a material that can withstand high temperatures, is impregnated with kerosene, and allows air to pass through easily. However, metals such as nickel and iron, or those with a catalytic action by metal compounds thereof, are not preferred because they generate tar components. In this respect, alumina and silica are convenient because they are like catalyst carriers and have little catalytic action.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, if a fixing plate 28 such as a metal net is provided on the upstream side of the impregnated body 3 and the downstream side of the flame port plate 13, turbulence will be generated in the heated combustion air, causing impregnation. Since the body 3 is heated evenly, the kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 is uniformly vaporized over the entire area of the impregnated body. Furthermore, a stable flame larger than the holes 17 of the flame port plate 13 can be formed downstream of the flame port plate 13.

Further, in this embodiment, an oil hot air heater or a FF type oil hot air heater is used for explanation, but it may also be used in a combustion part of a hot water boiler, various types of heaters, water heaters, etc. Further, the oil tank 7 may be a leveler tank or a cartridge tank. Furthermore, although the supply of kerosene to the impregnated body 3 has been explained using the fuel supply pipe 1 as an example, it may be directly supplied to the central part without dripping from the upper part, as shown in FIG.

When burning kerosene in the combustion machine constructed in this way, the kerosene stored in the oil tank 7 is pumped through an oil pump 8 made of fibers mainly composed of alumina and silica, and provided with a plurality of holes 2. When the impregnated body 3 is impregnated with electricity and the heater 5, which has barium titanate as a main component and has self-temperature control, is energized, the heater 5 rapidly reaches a high temperature and current becomes difficult to flow. Then, the combustion air is sent to the heater 5 by the blower 4, and this heater 5
Heat the kerosene to a temperature of about 250°C or higher to vaporize it, and then heat the flame port plate 13 provided at the same position as the hole 2 of the impregnated body 3.
through hole 17. When the heated combustion air passes through the impregnated body 3, since the impregnated body 3 is composed of fibers whose main components are alumina and silica, the bulk specific gravity and heat capacity are small, and the temperature of the combustion air is reduced. The kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 is uniformly vaporized and ignited by the electrode 10 to burn without lowering the temperature. In the oil hot air heater shown in FIG. 2, the air and combustion gas heated in the combustion chamber are sent into the room by the heating fan 11 to heat the room.

In addition, in the case of the FF oil hot air heater shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the air is discharged outdoors through the heat exchanger 9, heat exchange header 22, heat exchange pipe 23, and air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21. , this air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21 is
If an air supply pipe 27 for supplying combustion air is provided outside the exhaust pipe 25 as shown in the figure, the combustion air will be heated by the combustion gas, so the combustion air will flow into the heater 5 which is an air heating device. At this time, the electrical resistance of the heater element 18 increases, the current value flowing through the heater 5 decreases, and power consumption is saved.
This air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21 may be provided with the exhaust pipe 25 on the outside and the air supply pipe 27 on the inside, or as shown in FIG.
A similar effect can be obtained even if the heat exchange pipe 23 penetrates.

Also, the hole 2 of the impregnated body is placed in the same position as the hole 2 of the impregnated body 3.
By providing a plurality of smaller holes 17 in the flame port plate 13, the combustion air heated by the heater 5 becomes turbulent and comes into contact with the entire area of the impregnated body 3. The kerosene is uniformly and efficiently vaporized in the 13 portions of the flame outlet plate, resulting in good combustion.

Furthermore, a plurality of holes 17 are located downstream of the impregnated body 3.
Since the flame outlet plate 13 having a flame outlet plate 13 is provided in close contact with the impregnated body 3, when the supply of kerosene to the impregnated body 3 is stopped, the kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 burns for a while in the flame outlet plate 13, so that the impregnated body 3 is in the dry firing state. Therefore, the combustion machine becomes difficult to generate tar and has a long life of the combustion section.

Furthermore, if a fixed plate 28 such as a metal net is provided on the upstream side of the impregnated body 3 and the downstream side of the flame port plate 13,
It is more effective in promoting the vaporization of kerosene, and moreover, a stable and large flame can be formed on the flame outlet plate 13.

As is clear from the above description, the combustion machine of the present invention supplies combustion air for burning liquid fuel to an air heating device using a blower and heats it, and then transfers the heated combustion air to an impregnated body. A configuration in which liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body is vaporized and burned in a combustion chamber by passing through a hole provided in the impregnated body and a flame port plate that has a hole smaller than the hole in the impregnated body at the same position as the hole in the impregnated body. As a result, the liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body is vaporized by the combustion air heated by the air heating device. Compared to the vaporization time,
The time to burn is much shorter.

In addition, by providing multiple holes on the flame outlet plate that are equal to or smaller than the holes in the impregnated body at the same positions as the holes in the impregnated body, the heated combustion air becomes turbulent throughout the entire area of the impregnated body. As a result, the liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body is uniformly vaporized at the flame outlet plate, and the mixture ratio of combustion air and vaporized fuel is maintained appropriately, resulting in good combustion. can.

Furthermore, even if liquid fuel that has been oxidized and degraded or liquid fuel that has high boiling point impurities mixed in is used, when the supply of liquid fuel to the impregnated body is stopped, the liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body will not reach the flame port plate. It will burn for a while, so
The impregnated body is in a dry state. Therefore, less tar is produced, the life of the combustion section is extended, and the combustion machine can be provided as a convenient and easy-to-use combustion machine.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing the configuration of the combustor of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of an oil hot air heater used as an embodiment of the combustor of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing the impregnated body of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the air heating device of FIG. 2, FIGS. The figure is a front sectional view of an FF type oil hot air heater used as another embodiment of the combustion machine of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is a front sectional view of an FF type oil hot air heater used as yet another embodiment of the combustion machine of the present invention. 9 is a sectional view showing the main parts of the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the impregnated body shown in FIG. 3. . 2... Hole, 3... Impregnated body, 4... Air blower, 5
... Heater (air heating device), 8 ... Oil pump (fuel supply device), 12 ... Combustion chamber, 13 ...
Fire outlet plate, 17...hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A blower device that supplies combustion air for burning liquid fuel, an air heating device that heats the combustion air supplied by the blower device, and a downstream side of the air heating device. provided with a liquid fuel;
and an impregnated body having a plurality of holes; a fuel supply device that supplies liquid fuel to the impregnated body; A combustion machine consisting of a burner port plate having holes that are the same as or smaller than the holes, and a combustion chamber provided downstream of the burner port plate. 2. The combustion machine according to claim 1, wherein the air heating device is mainly composed of barium titanate and has a self-temperature control property. 3. A patent claim characterized in that a heat exchanger is provided downstream of the heating chamber, and part or all of this heat exchanger passes through a blower pipe provided between the blower and the air heating device. The combustion machine according to item 1 in the scope of . 4 A heat exchanger is provided downstream of the heating chamber, an exhaust pipe is provided in the heat exchanger for discharging the combustion gas outdoors, an air supply pipe is provided in contact with the inside or outside of this exhaust pipe, and an air supply pipe is provided that contacts the inside or outside of this exhaust pipe. The combustion machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion air is configured to guide combustion air to a blower device. 5. The combustion machine according to claim 1, wherein the impregnated body is composed of fibers containing silica and alumina as main components. 6. Claim 1, characterized in that a fixing plate is provided at least on either the upstream or downstream side of the impregnated body to fix the impregnated body and to generate turbulence in the combustion air. combustion machine.