JPS5816111A - Burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten the time from atomization to combustion in regard to liquid fuel, by letting heated air for combustion pass through the pores provided to an impregnating body and the ones of a burner port plate which are smaller than the pores of an impregnating body, provided in the same positions as of the pores of an impregnating body, and by atomizing to burn liquid fuel by the heated combustion air. CONSTITUTION:The kerosene fed from a fuel feed pipe 1 is penetrated into an impregnating body 3. The air for combustion heated by a heater is fed from the direction shown by an arrow sign, passing through the pores 2 of an impregnating body 3 and the pores 17 of a burner port plate 13, being fed into a combustion chamber 12. The pores 17 provided to the burner port plate 13 are designed to be equal in diameter or smaller in diameter than that of pores 2 of an impregnating body 3, so that the air for combustion turns into turbulence. The kerosene contained in the impregnating body 3 is uniformly atomized by the heated air for combustion in the whole parts of a body 3, mixed with the secondary air for combustion, at the same time when it comes out of a pluraity of pores 17 of a burner port plate 13, ignited by an electrode 10, and burnt in the combustion chamber 12. With such a constitution, the time up to the start of combustion for liquid fuel can be shortened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a combustor that burns liquid fuel such as kerosene.

In general, conventional combustion machines for household heaters heat a metal or other hot plate with a heating device such as an electric heater, and then drop kerosene onto the sufficiently heated area, or use rotary spraying to spread kerosene particles to the heated area. Most kerosene vaporizes when it comes into contact with a plate, and the vaporized kerosene and air are mixed and ignited at the flame opening, causing combustion.

However, since the hot plate has a large heat capacity, it takes about 5 minutes to heat the hot plate with a heating device to reach about 250 degrees Celsius, the temperature at which kerosene vaporizes. It was very inconvenient because the heating was not immediately available on cold mornings.

The present invention solves these drawbacks of conventional combustion machines, and includes a blower device that supplies combustion air for burning liquid fuel, and an air heater that heats the combustion air supplied by the blower device. an impregnated body containing liquid fuel and provided with holes through which heated combustion air can pass, and an impregnated body provided downstream of the impregnated body in close contact with the impregnated body. , and a burner port plate having holes that are equal to or smaller than the holes in the impregnated body at the same positions as the holes in the impregnated body;
By comprising a fuel supply device that supplies liquid fuel to the impregnated body and a combustion chamber disposed on the downstream side of the burner port plate, the combustion air supplied by the blower is used in the air heating device. The heated combustion air is heated in a short time by the flame port plate provided on the downstream side of the impregnated body, causing turbulence in the combustion air, so that the combustion air comes into contact with the entire impregnated body. Become. Therefore, the liquid fuel contained in this impregnated body is efficiently and uniformly vaporized in the flame port plate, thereby providing a combustor that can achieve good combustion.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 1o.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a combustor according to the present invention, in which kerosene used as an example of liquid fuel is supplied through a fuel supply pipe 1 to an impregnated body 3 having a plurality of holes 2.

On the other hand, combustion air for burning kerosene is supplied by a blower device 4 to a heater 5 provided as an example of an air heating device. Then, the combustion air heated by the heater 6 is transferred to the hole 2 of the impregnated body 3.
The kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 is vaporized and burned.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of an oil hot air heater used as an example of a combustor.

At the bottom of the main body 6 of this oil hot air heater, there is an oil tank 7 that stores kerosene, and an oil pump 8 that is used as an example of a fuel supply device that supplies the kerosene in the oil tank 7.
A fuel supply pipe 1 is provided. The combustion air sent by the blower 4 is heated by the heater 5 and supplied to the impregnated body 3 having a plurality of holes. Kerosene is supplied to this impregnated body 3 from a fuel supply pipe 1, where the kerosene is vaporized and mixed, and the kerosene is combusted in a combustion chamber in a heat exchanger 9 provided in the combustion section. The electrode 1o is provided to ignite vaporized kerosene.

Combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is supplied into the room by the heating fan 11 to heat the room.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of the impregnated body 3 provided in the combustion section. This impregnated body 3 can be impregnated with kerosene, is made of a heat-resistant inorganic material, and has a bulk specific gravity.

It is composed of fibers whose main components are alumina and silica, which have low heat capacity. This impregnated body 3 is fixed together with a metal flame port plate 13 provided on the side of the combustion chamber 12 by a flange 14 and an impregnated body presser 15 via a packing 16, and a fuel supply pipe 1 is attached to the upper part of the impregnated body 3. is not installed. As shown in FIG. 4, this flame port plate 13 is provided with a plurality of holes 17 at the same positions as the holes 2 of the impregnated body, the diameter of which is equal to or smaller than the hole 2 of the impregnated body. The kerosene supplied from the fuel supply pipe 1 permeates into the impregnated body 3. Combustion air heated by the heater 5, which is an air heating device shown in FIG. 5, is supplied from the right side (arrow) in FIG. and enters the combustion chamber 12. The holes 17 provided in this flame port plate 13 are equal to or smaller in diameter than the holes 2 in the impregnated body.

The combustion air becomes turbulent, and the impregnated body 3
The kerosene contained in the trench is uniformly vaporized by the heated combustion air and comes out from the plurality of holes 17 of the flame port plate 13, simultaneously mixed with the secondary combustion air, ignited by the electrode 1o, and burned. It burns in chamber 12.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the heater 6 used as the air heating device in FIG. This heater 5 is composed of a heater element 18 whose main component is barium tetanate, has numerous ventilation holes inside through which combustion air passes, and has a thin electrode coating on the front and back surfaces of the p1 electrode cover. It is fixed at 19. This electrode cover 19 is provided with a lead wire 20 that supplies electricity to the heater element 18, and heats the combustion air sent from the blower device 4. This heater element 18 has a property that its electrical resistance is small at low temperatures and becomes large at high temperatures. Therefore, when the heater 5 is energized, a large current flows because the electrical resistance is small in the initial stage, the temperature of the heater 5 rises very quickly, and the electrical resistance increases rapidly due to the temperature rise of the heater 6. .

Therefore, if we compare the time required for the temperature rise of the heater 6 to peak with that of conventional heaters, the heater 6 of this embodiment has a large current flowing at the beginning, so it rises quickly until it reaches a high temperature, and moreover, when it reaches a high temperature, Its high electrical resistance makes it difficult for current to flow, and its self-temperature control eliminates the need for temperature detection means for temperature control, making it a major contribution to the creation of inexpensive and economical combustion machines.

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of an FF type oil hot air heater showing another embodiment of the present invention. Combustion air is taken in from the blower 4 and sent to the heater 5 via the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21.

The combustion air taken in from this blower unit 4 is heated indirectly (no mixing occurs) with combustion gas from the heat exchanger 9 which is discharged outdoors via the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21, and is further heated by the heater 5. It is heated to a temperature of about 250° C. or higher to vaporize kerosene, and when it passes through the impregnated body 3, the kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 is vaporized and burned in the combustion chamber. The combustion gas is then transferred to a heat exchanger 9. Heat exchange header 22. Heat exchange pipe 23. It is discharged to the outside of the main body 6 through the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21. If a heater element 18 whose main component is barium titanate as shown in FIG. As the value increases, the value of the current flowing to the heater 5 decreases, leading to savings in power consumption and energy conservation. By lowering the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21 (increasing the heat exchange rate), the combustion efficiency of the combustor also increases, contributing to energy saving.

The combustor shown in FIG. 7 heats the combustion air by passing a heat exchange pipe 23 through the air pipe 24 that supplies combustion air from the blower 4 to the heater 6. You can get the same effect as a combustion machine.

The combustor shown in FIG. 8 has an air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21 provided with an air supply pipe 27 having an intake hole 26 on the outside of an exhaust pipe 25, as shown in FIG. FF in Figure 7
The same effect as an oil hot air heater can be obtained.

The impregnated body 3 may be made of a material capable of withstanding high temperatures, impregnated with kerosene, and through which air can easily pass. However, metals such as nickel and iron or metal compounds having a catalytic action are not preferable because they generate tar components. In this respect, alumina and silica are convenient because they act like catalyst carriers and have little catalytic activity.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, the upstream side of the impregnated body 3 and the
If a fixing plate 28 such as a metal net is provided on the downstream side of the impregnated body 3, turbulence will be generated in the heated combustion air and the impregnated body 3 will be heated evenly. The kerosene is vaporized uniformly throughout the impregnated body. Furthermore, a stable flame larger than the holes 17 of the flame port plate 13 can be formed downstream of the flame port plate 13.

Furthermore, although this embodiment has been described using an oil hot air heater or an FF type oil hot air heater, it may also be used in a combustion part of a hot water boiler, various types of heaters, water heaters, and the like. Further, the oil tank 7 may be a leveler tank or a cartridge tank. Furthermore, although the supply of kerosene to the impregnated body 3 has been explained using the fuel supply pipe 1 as an example, it may be directly supplied to the central part without dripping from the upper part, as shown in FIG.

When burning kerosene in the combustion machine constructed in this manner, the kerosene stored in the oil tank 7 is pumped by the oil pump 8,
Moreover, when the impregnated body 3 with a plurality of holes 2 is soaked into the impregnated body 3 and electricity is applied to the heater 5, which has a self-temperature-controllable metal mainly composed of barium titanate, the heater 5 rapidly reaches a high temperature and the current stops. It becomes difficult to flow. Then, the combustion air is sent to the heater 6 by the blower 4, heated to a temperature of about 2501: or higher to vaporize the kerosene, and the hole in the flame port plate 13 is provided at the same position as the hole 2 in the impregnated body 3. Pass 17. When the heated combustion air passes through the impregnated body 3, since the impregnated body 3 is composed of fibers whose main components are alumina and silica, the bulk specific gravity and heat capacity are small, and the temperature of the combustion air is reduced. The kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 is uniformly vaporized without lowering the temperature, and is ignited and burned at the electrode 1o. In the oil hot air heater shown in FIG. 2, the air and combustion gas heated in the combustion chamber are sent into the room by the heating fan 11 to heat the room.

In addition, in the case of the FF oil hot air heater shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the heat exchanger 9. Heat exchange header 22. Heat exchange pipe 23
．． The air is discharged outdoors through the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21, but if the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21 is provided with an air supply pipe 27 for supplying combustion air outside the exhaust pipe 25 as shown in FIG. Since the combustion air is heated, when the combustion air flows into the heater 5, which is an air heating device, the electric resistance of the heater element 18 decreases, and the current value flowing through the heater 5 decreases. Power consumption is saved.

This air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 21 may be provided with the exhaust pipe 25 on the outside and the air supply pipe 27 on the inside, or as shown in FIG. A similar effect can be expected even if it penetrates.

Furthermore, by providing a plurality of holes 17 smaller than the holes 2 of the impregnated body 3 in the same position as the holes 2 of the impregnated body 3, the combustion air heated by the heater 6 becomes turbulent, and the impregnation Since the entire area of the impregnated body 3 comes into contact with the kerosene, the kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 is uniformly and efficiently vaporized at the burner outlet plate 13, resulting in good combustion.

Furthermore, since the flame outlet plate 13 having a plurality of holes 17 is provided on the downstream side of the impregnated body 3 in close contact with the impregnated body 3, the impregnated body 3
When the supply of kerosene is stopped, the kerosene contained in the impregnated body 3 burns for a while on the flame outlet plate 13, so that the impregnated body 3 becomes in a dry-fired state. Therefore, the combustion machine becomes difficult to generate tar and the life of the combustion part is long.

Furthermore, if a fixed plate 28 such as a metal net is provided on the upstream side of the impregnated body 3 and the downstream side of the flame port plate 13, it will be more effective to promote the vaporization of kerosene, and moreover, the flame port plate 13 will be stabilized. Can form large flames.

As is clear from the above description, the combustion machine of the present invention supplies combustion air for burning liquid fuel to an air heating device using a blower device to heat it, and then uses the heated combustion air to
The liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body is vaporized in the combustion chamber by passing through a flame port plate that has holes smaller than the holes in the impregnated body at the same positions as the holes in the impregnated body. By combusting the structure, the liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body is vaporized by the combustion air heated by the air heating device, so unlike conventional methods, the temperature of the vaporization chamber is heated to about 250°C or higher. Compared to the time it takes to vaporize liquid fuel, the time to combustion is much shorter.

In addition, by providing multiple holes in the flame outlet plate that are equal to or smaller than the holes in the impregnated body at the same positions as the holes in the impregnated body, a turbulent flow of heated combustion air is created throughout the entire area of the impregnated body. The liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body is uniformly vaporized at the burner port plate, and the mixing ratio of combustion air and vaporized cooking nail is maintained appropriately, resulting in good combustion. be able to.

Furthermore, even if liquid fuel that has been oxidized and degraded or liquid fuel that has high boiling point impurities mixed in is used, when the supply of liquid fuel to the impregnated body is stopped, the liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body will not reach the flame port plate. Since it burns for a while, the impregnated body is in a dry state.

Therefore, less tar is produced, the life of the combustion section is extended, and the combustion machine can be provided as an easy-to-use and convenient combustion machine.

Fig. 2 is a front sectional view of an oil hot air heater according to an embodiment of the combustion machine of the present invention, Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the impregnated body of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 The figure is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the impregnated body shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the air heating device shown in FIG. 2, and FIGS. The other embodiments and the front view of the oil hot air heater are shown in Fig. 8, which is a sectional view showing the main parts of the air supply and exhaust heat exchanger, and Fig. 10 is the sectional view showing the main parts of the air supply and exhaust heat exchanger.
It is a sectional view showing another example of the impregnated body shown in the figure.

2... Hole, 3... Impregnated body, 4...
...Air blower, 5...Heater (air heating device)
, 8... Oil pump (fuel supply device), 12
・・・・Combustion chamber, 13・Φ・・・・flame port plate, 17・
・eO@hole.

Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 2 Figure 9 8 'Taste Q \ Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 5" 27 f!: 6 Figure 10 59

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A blower device that supplies combustion air for burning liquid fuel, an air heating device that heats the combustion air supplied by the blower device, and this air heating device. an impregnated body that is provided on the downstream side of the impregnated body, contains a liquid fuel, and has a plurality of holes; a fuel supply device that supplies liquid fuel to the impregnated body, and is provided in close contact with the downstream side of the impregnated body; A combustion machine comprising a burner port plate having holes that are equal to or smaller than the holes in the impregnated body at the same positions as holes in the impregnated body, and a combustion chamber provided downstream of the burner port plate. (2) The combustion machine according to claim 1, wherein the air heating device is mainly composed of barium titanate and has a self-temperature control property. (3) A heat exchanger is provided downstream of the heating chamber, and part or all of this heat exchanger is configured to penetrate through a blower pipe provided between the blower and the air heating device. A combustion machine according to claim 1. (4) A heat exchanger is provided downstream of the heating chamber, an exhaust pipe for discharging combustion gas outdoors is provided in the heat exchanger, an air supply pipe is provided in contact with the inside or outside of this exhaust pipe, and this A combustion machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion air is guided from a trachea to a blower device. (6) The combustor according to claim 1, wherein the impregnated body is composed of fibers whose main components are silica and alumina. (6) A fixing plate is provided on at least one of the upstream and downstream sides of the impregnated body to fix the impregnated body and to generate turbulence in the combustion air. Combustion machine as described in section.