JPS5811311A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain favorable combustion, by providing a heat exchanger having an impregnated body which contains liquid fuel and a plurality of holes permitting passing of air and a combustion chamber, and a combustion assisting material provided within the heat exchanger. CONSTITUTION:An impregnated body 16 is secured by a flame nozzle fixing plate 17, a flame nozzle plate 18 and a fixing plate 19 and a supply pipe 8 is attached to its upper part. Kerosene supplied from a supply pipe 8 permeates into the inside of the impregnated body 16. Air supplied from the right side passes through a hole 20 provided inside the impregnated body 16. Simultaneously with vaporization of the kerosene at the inside of the impregnated body 16 through heat, the kerosene vapor is mixed with air, which is ignited and fired by an electrodes 14. Thus, the inside of the heat exchanger 12 serves as a combustion chamber, and a combustion auxiliary body 13 is provided therein. With this arrangement, a vaporizing type oil burner is obtained, through which unburnt gas generated from the impregnated body 16 can be burnt completely, quick starting is enabled, energy efficiency becomes high and contribution to energy saving can be realized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combustion device that vaporizes and burns liquid fuel.

Traditionally, combustion devices that vaporize and burn liquid fuel heat a metal or other hot plate with a heating device such as a heater, then drop kerosene onto the heated plate and vaporize it.
A device that vaporizes kerosene particles produced by rotary spraying, etc. by contacting them with a hot plate, mixes the vaporized fuel with air, transports the mixture, and ignites and burns it at a flame opening provided elsewhere. There are many.

Therefore, such a combustion machine has a drawback that it takes about 6 minutes for preheating until the temperature of the hot plate reaches about 250C due to the heat capacity of the hot plate. For this reason, some heat plates have a smaller heat capacity, but this reduces the volume of the vaporization chamber for vaporization, and kerosene that has deteriorated due to oxidative deterioration of kerosene or kerosene mixed with high-boiling seafood, etc. as impurities is mainly used. The vaporizing chamber is filled with tar generated during
There was a problem that tar had poor heat conduction, which prevented it from vaporizing and caused blockages.

Therefore, the present inventors have developed a combustion device in which a flame port is formed of an impregnated body and hot air is supplied to the impregnated body to vaporize and burn the fuel in the impregnated body. FIG. 1 shows an outline of this combustion device, and numeral 1 denotes an impregnated body serving as a burner port plate, which has a large number of through holes 1a.

2 is a fuel pipe that supplies fuel to the immersion body 1, 3 is a heater, and 4 is a fan.
Since the fuel can be vaporized simply by heating the air from the engine to hot air using the heater 3, the time required to start combustion is extremely short, and the drawbacks of the conventional combustion apparatus can be eliminated.

This combustion device has the advantage that even after the fuel supply to the impregnated body 1 is stopped, the fuel in the impregnated body 1 is vaporized and burned, so that dry firing is always performed, and the problem caused by tar accumulation can be solved.

However, during the above-mentioned dry firing combustion, the ratio of air and vaporized fuel is disturbed, and there is a risk that a large amount of unused gas may be generated or incomplete combustion may occur.

The present invention solves these problems, and embodiments thereof will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment in which the present invention is implemented in a domestic oil hot air heater. An oil tank 6 for storing kerosene is provided at the lower part of the oil hot air heater 6, and an oil pump 7 and a supply pipe 8 for supplying kerosene are provided. Air sent by the burner fan 9 is heated by the heater 1o and supplied to the impregnated body flame port 11. Kerosene is supplied to the impregnated body flame port 11 from the supply pipe 8, and here,
They are vaporized, mixed, and burned using the heat exchanger 12 as a combustion chamber. A combustion auxiliary body 13 is provided inside the heat exchanger 12 through which air can pass, and complete combustion occurs here. Electrode 1
4 is provided for ignition, and a heating fan 16
As a result, heated air and combustion gas are supplied into the room for heating. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the impregnated flame port 11. The impregnated body 16-fi is fixed by a flame port fixing plate 17, a flame port plate 18, and a fixing plate 19, and a supply pipe 8 is attached to the upper part of the impregnated body 16. The kerosene supplied from the supply pipe 8 permeates into the impregnated body 16. Heated air is supplied from the right side of Fig. 3, and the impregnated body 1
It passes through the hole 2o inside 6. At this time, the impregnated body 16
The kerosene inside is vaporized by the heat and mixed with air at the same time, comes out from the hole in the flame port plate 18, and is ignited and burned by the electrode 14 on the surface of the fixed plate 19. Flame mouth fixing plate 1
7 prevents kerosene from vaporizing toward the upstream side, provides uniform temperature distribution to the impregnated body 16 through heat conduction of the burner opening fixing plate 17, and has a hole 22 coaxial with the impregnated body 16. Therefore, kerosene vaporizes from this hole 22. Since the hole 21 of the flame port plate 18 is coaxial with the impregnated body 16 and its hole 2-1 is smaller than the hole 2o of the impregnated body 16, the hole 21 of the flame mouth plate 18 produces a clean blue combustion flame. .

The inside of the heat exchanger 12 becomes the combustion chamber 23, and the heat exchanger 12
A combustion aid 13 is provided inside. The combustion aid 13 is
For example, it is made of heat-resistant materials such as cordierite and alumina, and in the combustion flame or early stage,
It is heated by air heated in the heater 10, and is used to completely burn the incompletely combusted gas in the combustion chamber 23.Especially in the initial stage, in order to combust the unburned gas at the time of ignition, this If the auxiliary combustion body 13 supports an oxidation catalyst such as platinum or palladium, the amount of unburned gas will be considerably reduced. Further, even when extinguishing a fire, since the auxiliary combustion body 13 has a heat capacity, the unburned gas generated from the impregnated body 16 can be completely combusted.

In this way, air having a small heat capacity is heated and the heated air is applied to the impregnated body 16 to vaporize the fuel in the impregnated body 16, so that the time required for fuel vaporization is shortened, and combustion can be started in a short time. That is, the impregnated body 16 to which heated air is applied
is a fibrous substance made of heat-resistant inorganic material whose main components are alumina and silica, and its specific gravity is small (its heat capacity is extremely small compared to conventional hot plates). Therefore, the impregnated body 16 of the lever is immediately heated to a high temperature, and most of the heat of the heated air is effectively used to vaporize the fuel in the impregnated body 16, and fuel δ vaporization starts in a short time. This is what happens.

Although the impregnated body 16 is exemplified by fibers or conical materials mainly composed of alumina or silica, it may be of any material that allows kerosene to permeate and air to pass through. However, it is desirable to use a material that can withstand high temperatures in practical use, and that does not have the catalytic effect of metals such as nickel or iron, or their compounds, which produce tar. In this respect, alumina and silica act as carriers for the catalyst and have a small catalytic effect.

Alternatively, an embodiment using the flame port fixing plate 17, flame port plate 18, and fixing plate 19 has been shown, but even if these are not used, since the auxiliary combustion body 13 is present, combustion can be achieved quite well. Although the auxiliary combustion body 1.3 is shown here as being made of porcelain, it may also be a wire mesh or a metal plate with holes. The effect is the same and can be changed depending on the distance between the burner port and the auxiliary combustion body 13, the shape and size of the heat exchanger 12, the fuel consumption of the oil hot air heater 6, and the capacity of the heating fan 16.

Furthermore, if the fixing plate 19 made of Kinko Nect is installed on the upstream side of the flame spout fixing plate 17, the airflow will be disturbed, and the flame spout fixing plate 1
The angle at which air is introduced into the hole 7 changes, which has the effect of increasing the amount of vaporized air.

Next, the heater 1o will be explained in detail.

1. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the heater 1o. The heater element 24, which is mainly made of barium titanate, has air passage holes 26, and the front and back surfaces d have metal-coated electrodes (not shown in the figure), which are connected to the electrode cover 26.
A lead wire 27 is provided for energizing with an electrode force of /<-26, which heats the air sent from the blower. This heater element 24 is
At low temperatures, the electrical resistance between the front and back surfaces is small, and at high temperatures, the electrical resistance increases. For this reason, when this heater 1o is energized, a large current flows due to its small electrical resistance value at the beginning, and the temperature rises quickly. However, as the temperature rises due to the heat generated, the electrical resistance value rapidly increases. When compared to other heaters with respect to the final heater capacitance when the rise is saturated, as mentioned above, a large current flows, so it has the advantage of fast rise and the advantage of self-temperature control. It also has the advantage of being inexpensive and economical because it does not require temperature sensing elements such as thermostats or thermistors or control electric circuit components for temperature control. Therefore, if such a heater 1-0 is used in a space heater, the time until combustion starts will be further shortened. Further, there is an effect that the system can be designed at low cost and economically.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an FF type oil hot air heater 28. It is shown that the air sent from the burner fan 9 is heated by combustion heat and goes to the heater 1o. The burner fan 9 takes in combustion air from outside the heater 28 and sends it to the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 29. The air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 29 uses heat from the combustion exhaust gas to heat the air sent from the burner fan 9, and heats the air sent from the burner fan 9.
Sent to 0. In the heater 10, the heated air is further heated to a temperature of about 250'C or more, which is the temperature at which kerosene is vaporized, and is sent to the impregnated body flame port 11, where it is combusted, passed through a heat exchanger 12, and a combustion aid 13, where it is heat exchanged. The heat exchanger header 30, the heat exchanger pipe 31, and the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 29 are exhausted to the outside of the heater 28. Since this heater 1o has barium titanate as its main component, it has a heater element 24, so when air heated by the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 29 is introduced, the electrical resistance value of the heater element 24 decreases, and as a result, the heater After 10 days, the temperature of the air does not change much, but instead the current value to heater 1o decreases.Currently, kerosene is considerably cheaper to generate the same amount of heat, so it is better not to use electricity as much as possible. ,
The maintenance cost of the heater 28 is reduced, and by lowering the temperature of the exhaust gas as much as possible, the combustion efficiency of the heater 28 is increased, which has the advantage of contributing to energy saving.

(Third Embodiment) Fig. M6 shows a third embodiment in which the present invention is implemented in an FF type oil hot air heater 32 similarly to the second embodiment. This configuration consists of burner fans 9 to 1. Air blow pipe 33 to heater 1°
A heat exchanger pipe 31 is passed through the inside of the burner fan 9 to heat the air from the burner fan 9, and the other configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment of A. The effect is also similar.

(Fourth Embodiment) FIGS. 7 and 8 show a fourth embodiment similarly applied to the FF type oil hot air heater 34. In this configuration, supply air and exhaust air are taken in from the supply and exhaust intake port 35, and a supply and exhaust pipe 36 is attached to the supply and exhaust intake port as shown in FIG. It has a similar effect.

In each of the above embodiments, a household heater is used as an example, but it may also be an auto furnace for central heating, a hot water boiler, or other types of heating, hot water supply, or other equipment. In addition, although the explanation has been made for a household heater, the oil tank may be provided separately and may be a leveler, or may be a cartridge tank, etc.Although the heating fan 16 is a propeller fan, it may be a white octopus fan, or other types. You may be a fan of.

Although FIG. 2 is explained using a fan heater, an FF oil hot air heater may also be used. Although the heater 1o has been described as a barium titanate heater element, it may also be a sheathed heater or the like. The kerosene is supplied to the impregnated body using the supply pipe 8 as an example, but the kerosene may be supplied directly to the center instead of dripping from the top as shown in FIG. Now, as for vaporization (-1), its effects are great, such as fast start-up, good energy efficiency, and can contribute to energy saving, as well as always achieving good combustion.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of a conventional combustion device, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of an oil hot air heater according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of main parts of the same combustion device. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the heater, and FIG. 6 is an FF in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a front sectional view of the FF hot air heater in the third embodiment, and Fig. 7 is a front sectional view of the FF hot air heater in the fourth embodiment. Sectional view, No. 8
The figure is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of the air supply and exhaust pipe of the fourth embodiment. 6...Oil tank, 7...Oil pump, 8...Supply pipe, 9...) Kuna fan (air blower), 1o... ... Heater (air heating device), 15 11 ... Impregnated body flame port, 12 ... Heat exchanger, 13 ... Combustion aid, 16 ...・Impregnated body, 18...flame port plate, 19...fixing plate,
23... Combustion chamber, 29... Supply/exhaust heat exchanger. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and one other person 1I
II! 1 lEZFigure 131;'76 wA31! l Figure 4 Figure 5!1 39 13 /2 // w Figure 6 II Figure 7

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] an impregnated body that is located in the impregnated body, contains liquid fuel, and has a plurality of holes therein through which air supplied from the blower can pass; a fuel supply device that supplies the liquid fuel to the impregnated body; A combustion device consisting of a heat exchanger located downstream and having a combustion chamber for combustion, and a combustion aid made of a heat-resistant material provided inside the heat exchanger and through which combustion gas can pass. 2) A hole is provided in a burner port plate located on the downstream side of the impregnated body and provided in close contact with the impregnator, and the hole in the burner port plate is coaxial with the hole in the impregnator. The combustion device according to claim 1. (3) A burner port plate is provided in close contact with both the downstream side and the upstream side of the impregnated body, and the hole in the burner port plate is coaxial with the hole in the impregnated body. The combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that the combustion device is provided with a metal net on either or both of the downstream side and upstream side of the impregnated body to disturb the airflow. Set up a board,
The device with the burner port plate is the impregnated body twisting and baking device. (6) Precious metals such as platinum, badge, and ram as combustion aids, or oxidation catalysts such as ferrite and carbon dioxide - (6)
Purchase of fibrous materials whose main ingredients are alumina and silica. (η) The air heating device is constructed with a heater element mainly composed of barium titanate, which has temperature self-control properties and has a large electric resistance value when the temperature rises. t+ her'-y?, the combustion device according to item *. (8) An air supply/exhaust heat exchanger is provided downstream of the heat exchanger, and the combustion device is connected to the air supplied from the blower and from the heat exchanger. (9) A supply/exhaust heat exchanger is installed upstream of the air blower so that air taken in from the outside is heated by the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger and introduced into the air blower. The combustion apparatus according to claim 8. (1o) The hole in the flame port plate provided downstream of the impregnated body is
Combustion device.