JPS637281B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combustion device that vaporizes and burns liquid fuel.

Conventional combustion equipment that vaporizes and burns liquid fuel heats a metal hot plate with a heating device such as a heater, and then vaporizes it by dropping kerosene onto the heated plate, or by using a rotary jet, etc. In most cases, kerosene particles are brought into contact with a hot plate and vaporized, the vaporized fuel is mixed with air, the mixture is transported, and ignited and burned at a flame port provided elsewhere.
Therefore, such a combustion apparatus has a disadvantage that it takes about 5 minutes to preheat the hot plate until the temperature of the hot plate reaches about 250° C. due to the heat capacity of the hot plate. For this reason, some heat plates have a smaller heat capacity, but this reduces the volume of the vaporization chamber for vaporization, and kerosene that has deteriorated due to oxidative deterioration of kerosene or kerosene that has high boiling point components mixed in as impurities. There was a problem that the vaporization chamber was filled with mainly generated tar, which caused poor heat conduction, which prevented vaporization and caused clogging.

Therefore, the present inventors have developed a combustion device in which a flame port is formed of an impregnated body and hot air is supplied to the impregnated body to vaporize and burn the fuel in the impregnated body. FIG. 1 shows an outline of this combustion apparatus, in which 1 is an impregnated body serving as a flame port, 2 is a supply pipe for supplying fuel to the impregnated body 1, 3 is a heater, and 4 is a burner fan. This combustion device can vaporize the fuel by simply heating the air from the fan 4 to hot air using the heater 3, so the time required to start combustion is extremely short, eliminating the drawbacks of the conventional combustion devices. did it.

The present invention relates to the configuration of the flame port of such a combustion device, and is aimed at enabling even and uniform combustion to be performed over the entire surface of the impregnated body.

One embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a household oil hot air heater 5 showing one embodiment of the present invention. An oil tank 6 for storing kerosene is provided at the bottom of the heater 5, and an oil pump 7 and a supply pipe 2 for supplying kerosene are provided. The air sent by the burner fan 4 is heated by the heater 3 and the impregnated body flame port 1
supplied to a. Kerosene is supplied to the impregnated body flame port 1a from a supply pipe 2, where vaporization,
The mixture is mixed and combusted using the heat exchanger 8 as a combustion chamber. The electrode 9 is provided for ignition,
The heating fan 10 supplies heated air and combustion gas into the room to heat the room.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a portion of the impregnated body. The impregnated body 1 is fixed by a fixing plate 11 and a flame nozzle fixing plate 12 via a flame nozzle plate 13, and a supply pipe 2 is attached to the upper part of the impregnated body 1. The kerosene supplied from the supply pipe 2 permeates into the impregnated body 1. Heated air is supplied from the right side of FIG. 3 and passes through the impregnated body flame port 1a inside the impregnated body 1. At this time, the fixing plate 11 provided on the impregnated body 1 is provided in close contact with the impregnated body 1, and the hole 11a provided in the fixing plate 11 is coaxial with the impregnated body flame opening 1a provided on the impregnated body 1, and are set to be the same or slightly larger. This means that when the kerosene impregnated inside the impregnated body 1 is vaporized by hot air from the right in Fig. 3, if the impregnated body 1 is directly exposed, the surface of the impregnated body 1 will be This is to eliminate yellow fire, soot, etc. caused by fuel vaporizing from the entire area and this vaporized combustion passing through in a concentrated manner. That is, if the fixing plates 11 are provided in close contact with each other as in the present invention, this problem will not occur, and the balance of the mixed gas will be maintained, resulting in uniform combustion as a green flame.

In addition, since the impregnated body 1 has a flame outlet plate 13 having a large number of holes 13a closely installed on its downstream surface, the impregnated body 1 is in contact with the non-porous part of the flame outlet plate 13.
Fuel vaporization from the surface is eliminated, and the ratio of air to vaporized fuel becomes appropriate, resulting in efficient combustion. Furthermore, in this case, the flame outlet plate 13
Since the hole 13a is provided coaxially with the impregnated body burner port 1a of the impregnated body 1, the ratio of vaporized fuel to air becomes more uniform over the entire area of the impregnated body 1, and even good combustion is achieved. I will start doing it. In other words, if the hole 13a of the flame port plate 13 and the impregnated body flame port 1a of the impregnated body 1 are misaligned, the ratio of air and vaporized fuel will not be appropriate where the holes 13a and 1a of both of them match. However, if there is a misalignment, there will be an excess of fuel, resulting in uneven combustion, such as yellow flame and soot being generated in some areas. If 1a and 1a are made to coincide with each other, there will be no such problem and combustion will be carried out almost uniformly over the entire area of the impregnated body 1. Further, the flame port fixing plate 12 has the effect of spreading and stabilizing the flame throughout the flame in order to disturb the flow of the mixed gas of fuel and air coming out of the hole 13a of the flame port plate 13. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the heater 3. The heater element 14, whose main component is barium titanate, has air passage holes 15, and metal-coated electrodes (not shown in the figure) are provided on the front and back surfaces of the heater element 14, which are covered with an electrode cover 16. A lead wire 17 is fixed to the electrode cover 16 to supply electricity, and is used to heat the air sent from the blower. This heater element 14 has a property that the electrical resistance value between the front and back surfaces is small at low temperatures, and the electrical resistance value becomes large at high temperatures. For this reason, when this heater element 14 is energized, a large current flows due to its small electrical resistance initially and the temperature rises quickly, but as the temperature rises due to the heat generated, the electrical resistance value rapidly increases. Compared to other heaters, the final heater capacitance when the temperature rise is saturated is that a large current flows as described above, so it has the advantage of quick rise time and the advantage of self-temperature control. Therefore, it does not require temperature sensing elements such as thermostats or thermistors or control electric circuit components for temperature control, so it also has the advantage of being inexpensive and economical. Therefore, when such a heater 3 is used as a space heater, the time until combustion starts is further shortened. Further, there is an effect that the system can be designed at low cost and economically.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

5 and 6 show FF oil hot air heaters 18 and 19. In both cases, air sent from the burner fan 4 is heated by combustion heat and goes to the heater 3. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the burner fan 4 takes in combustion air from outside the heater 18 and sends it to the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 20. The air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 20 heats the air sent from the burner fan 4 with heat from the combustion exhaust gas, and sends it to the heater 3. In the heater 3, the heated air is further heated to a temperature of about 250°C or higher, which is the temperature at which kerosene is vaporized, and sent to the impregnated body 1, where it is combusted.
2. It is discharged to the outside of the heater 18 via the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 20. Here, if the heater 3 is made of barium titanate, when the air heated by the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 20 is introduced, the electric resistance value of the heater element 14 becomes smaller, and as a result, the electric resistance value of the heater element 14 becomes smaller. It has the advantage of contributing to energy savings without changing the temperature much. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the burner fan 4
The air from the burner fan 4 is heated by a heat exchanger pipe 22 passing through the air blowing pipe 23 to the heater 3.
The effect is as described above.

Furthermore, as another embodiment of the present invention, FF is shown in FIG.
A type oil hot air heater 24 is shown.

In this embodiment, condensed air and exhaust air are taken in through the supply and exhaust intake port 25, as shown in FIG.
A supply/exhaust pipe 26 is attached to the supply/exhaust intake, and has the same effect as described above.

In addition, in all the above examples, impregnated body 1
uses a fibrous material mainly composed of alumina or silica as an example, but any material that can be penetrated by kerosene and through which air can pass can be used. However, for practical purposes, it is desirable to use a material that can withstand high temperatures, and that does not have the catalytic effect of metals such as nickel or iron, or their compounds, which would generate tar. In this respect, alumina and silica act as carriers for the catalyst and have a small catalytic effect.

In addition, although a household heater is used as an example here, auto furnaces for central heating,
It may be a burner for a hot water boiler or other types of heating, hot water, or other equipment. Further, although the explanation has been made as a household heater, the oil tank may be provided separately, and may be a leveler, a cartridge tank, or the like. Further, although the heating fan is a propeller fan, it may be a Sirotskov fan or other type of fan. Furthermore, although FIG. 2 is explained using a fan heater, a FF type oil hot air heater may also be used. Further, although the heater has been described using a barium titanate heater element, it may be a sheathed heater, a ceramic heater, or the like. The supply of kerosene to the impregnated body is
Although a pipe is used as an example, the water may be supplied directly to the center without dripping from the top.

As is clear from the above description of the embodiments, the present invention not only can shorten the time until combustion starts, but also has good energy efficiency. In addition, in the present invention, plates are provided on both the upstream and downstream sides of the impregnated body to prevent fuel from vaporizing from the surface of the impregnated body other than the flame opening of the impregnated body. The mixing ratio of the combustion air and the combustion air becomes almost uniform at all locations, resulting in uniform combustion with extremely little yellow flame and soot. Furthermore, a flame port fixing plate that disturbs the airflow is provided on the downstream side of the flame port plate provided on the downstream side of the impregnated body among the plate bodies, so that the vaporized fuel discharged from the flame port of the impregnated body is mixed with air. The gas flow becomes turbulent and spreads over the entire surface of the impregnated body, forming a stable flame. In addition, since the flame port fixing plate is in close contact with the flame port plate, and this flame port plate is also in close contact with the impregnated body, the heat of the flame is uniformly transferred to the impregnated body, and after ignition, the combustion air is heated. It also has energy-saving effects, such as lowering the temperature.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a combustion device using an impregnated body, Fig. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of an oil hot air heater which is an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-section of the main part of the combustion device. Figures 4 and 4 are enlarged sectional views of the same heater, Figures 5, 6, and 7 are FF oil hot air heaters that are other embodiments of the present invention, and Figure 8 is the air supply and exhaust pipe of Figure 7. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of main parts. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Impregnated body, 1a... Impregnated body flame port, 2... Supply pipe, 3... Heater (air heating device), 4...
... Burna fan (air blower), 6 ... Oil tank, 7 ... Oil pump, 8 ... Heat exchanger, 11
... Fixing plate, 11a... Hole in fixing plate 11, 12...
...flame port fixing plate, 13...flame port plate, 13a...hole in flame port plate 13, 14...heater element (electric heating element), 20...supply/exhaust heat exchanger, 23...blow pipe, 26 ...Supply and exhaust pipes.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A blower device that supplies air for burning liquid fuel, an air heating device that is located downstream of the blower device and heats the air supplied from the blower device, and the air heating device. an impregnated body located downstream of the impregnated body containing liquid fuel and having a plurality of holes therein; and a fuel supply device for supplying the liquid fuel to the impregnated body; A fixing plate is closely disposed coaxially with the impregnated body flame opening provided in the impregnated body and has holes that are the same or larger than the impregnated body flame opening, and the impregnated body flame of the impregnated body is disposed on the downstream surface of the impregnated body. A combustion device in which a flame port plate with a hole coaxial with the mouth is closely placed, and a metal flame port fixing plate that disturbs airflow is closely placed on the downstream surface of this flame port plate. 2. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the air heating device is constituted by an electric heating element whose main component is barium titanate, which has temperature self-control properties such that the electric resistance value increases when the temperature increases. 3. Any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a heat exchanger is provided downstream of the combustion chamber, and further, a part or all of the heat exchanger passes through an air pipe communicating with an air blower. Combustion device as described in one. 4. An air supply pipe is provided upstream of a blower device for burning fuel, a heat exchanger is provided downstream in the combustion chamber, an exhaust pipe is further provided downstream of the heat exchanger, and the air supply pipe and exhaust pipe are integrated. A combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the impregnated body is composed of fibers containing silica and alumina as main components.