JPS5816109A - Burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten the time from atomization to combustion for liquid fuel, by letting heated air for combustion pass through pores which are respectively provided to a fixing plate, an impregnating body, and a burner port plate, in turn, and by atomizing the liquid fuel contained in the impregnating body to burn it in a combustion chamber. CONSTITUTION:The kerosene fed from a fuel feed pipe 4 is penetrated into an impregnating body 7. The air heated by a heater is fed from the direction shown by an arrow sign. The air for combustion is further heated by a fixing plate 11 provided to the upstream side of an impregnating body 7, turning into turbulence, contacting with the whole parts of an impregnating body 7, passing through a burner port plate 12, and being fed into a combustion chamber 14. During this time, the kerosene contained in the impregnating body 7 is atomized by the heated air for combustion, mixed with the secondary air for combustion at the same time when it passes through a plurality of pores of the burner port plate 12, ignited by an electrode 9, and burnt in the combustion chamber 14. With such a constitution, the time from atomization to combustion for liquid fuel can be shortened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a combustor that burns liquid fuel such as kerosene.

In general, conventional combustion machines for household heaters heat a metal or other hot plate with a heating device such as an electric heater, then drip kerosene onto the sufficiently heated area, or use rotary spray, etc.
In many cases, particles of kerosene are vaporized by contacting them with the hot plate, and the vaporized kerosene and air are mixed and ignited at the flame opening, causing combustion.

3 lK, - However, since the heat plate has a large heat capacity, it takes about 5 minutes to heat the plate with a heating device and reach the temperature of about 250 °C, which is the temperature at which kerosene vaporizes. This was very inconvenient for people who used the room on cold mornings because it didn't heat up right away.

The present invention solves these drawbacks of conventional combustion machines, and includes a blower device that supplies combustion air for burning liquid fuel, and an air heater that heats the combustion air supplied by the blower device. and an impregnated body located downstream of the air heating device, containing liquid fuel and through which the heated combustion air passes;
a fixing plate for fixing the impregnated body; a metal burner plate provided in close contact with the impregnated body on the downstream side of the impregnated body and having a plurality of holes; and a fuel for supplying liquid fuel to the impregnated body. By comprising a supply device and a combustion chamber provided on the downstream side of the flame port plate, the combustion air supplied by the blower is heated by the air heating device in a short time, and this heated combustion air is heated by the air heating device. The air is turbulent by a fixed plate provided upstream of the impregnated body, and the entire area of the impregnated body is brought into contact with the combustion air. Moreover, the present invention provides a combustor in which liquid fuel is vaporized at a burner port plate provided in close contact with the impregnated body on the downstream side of the impregnated body, thereby achieving good combustion.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an oil hot air heater used as an example of a combustor. At the bottom of the main body 1 of this oil hot air heater, there is an oil tank 2 for storing kerosene used as an example of liquid twisting t1, and an oil pump 3 used as a fuel supply device for supplying the kerosene in this oil tank 2. A fuel supply pipe 4 is provided. The combustion air sent by the blower 5 is heated by a heater 6 provided as an example of an air heating device, and is supplied to the impregnated body 7. Kerosene is supplied to the impregnated body 7 from the fuel supply pipe 4, where the kerosene is vaporized and mixed, and the kerosene is combusted using a heat exchanger 8 provided in the combustion section as a combustion chamber. The electrode 9 is provided to ignite the vaporized kerosene. The combustion gas kJ generated in the combustion chamber is supplied into the room by the heating fan 1°5/, -1, and the room is heated.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the impregnated body 7 provided in the combustion section. This impregnated body 7 can be impregnated with kerosene, is made of a heat-resistant inorganic material, and has a bulk specific gravity.

It is composed of fibers whose main components are alumina and silica, which have low heat capacity. A fixing plate 11 of the impregnated body 7 having a plurality of holes on the upstream side of the impregnated body 7 and a metal flame opening plate 12 having a plurality of holes on the downstream side of the impregnated body 7 are used to secure the packing 1.
3 is used to fix the impregnated body 7, and a fuel supply pipe 4 is attached to the upper part of the impregnated body 7. The kerosene supplied from the fuel supply pipe 4 permeates into the impregnated body 7.

Then, air heated by a heater 6, which is an air heating device shown in FIG. 3, is supplied from the right side (arrow) in FIG. The air becomes turbulent, contacts the entire area of the impregnated body 7, passes through the burner port plate 12, and enters the combustion chamber 14. At this time, the kerosene contained in the impregnated body 7 is vaporized by the heated combustion air and comes out from the plurality of holes in the flame port plate 12, and at the same time mixes with the combustion secondary air and reaches the electrode 9. ”: is ignited and combustion chamber 1
Burns within 4.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the heater 6 used as the air heating device shown in FIG. This heater 6 is composed of a heater element 16 whose main component is barium titanate, has numerous ventilation holes inside through which combustion air passes, has a thin electrode coating on the front and back surfaces, and has an electrode cover. It is fixed at 16. This electrode cover 16 is provided with a lead wire 17 for energizing the heater element 16, which heats the combustion air sent from the blower 6. This heater element 16 has a property that its electrical resistance is small at low temperatures and becomes large at high temperatures.

Therefore, when the heater 6 is energized, a large current flows because the electrical resistance is small in the initial stage, the temperature of the heater 6 rises very quickly, and the electrical resistance increases rapidly due to the temperature rise of the heat generated by the heater 6. . Therefore, when comparing the time required for the temperature rise of the heater 6 to reach its peak with a conventional heater, in the heater 6 of this embodiment, a large current flows at the beginning, so it rises quickly to a high temperature, and furthermore, when the temperature reaches a high temperature, the electrical resistance decreases. Because it is large, it is difficult for current to flow through it, and because it has self-temperature control, there is no need to provide a temperature detection means for temperature control, making a major contribution to the creation of inexpensive and economical combustion machines.

FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of an FF oil hot air heater showing another embodiment of the present invention. Combustion air is taken in from the blower 5 and sent to the heater 6 via the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 18 .

The combustion air taken in from this blower unit 6 is heated indirectly (no mixing occurs) with the combustion gas from the heat exchanger 8 which is discharged outdoors via the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 18. The kerosene is heated at 6 and reaches a temperature of about 250"C or higher to vaporize the kerosene, and when it passes through the impregnated body 7, the kerosene contained in the impregnated body 7 is vaporized and burned in the combustion chamber.Then, the combustion gas is passed through the heat exchanger. 8.Heat exchange header 19.Heat exchange pipe 20.It is discharged to the outside of the main body 1 through the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 18.This heater 6 is connected to a heater element 16 whose main component is barium titanate as shown in FIG. When the combustion air heated by the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 18 is introduced, the electric resistance value of the heater element 15 increases, the current value flowing to the heater 6 decreases, and power consumption is saved. This leads to energy savings.Also, by lowering the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 18 (increasing the heat exchange rate), the combustion efficiency of the combustor can be increased by -1-gell'. , can contribute to energy conservation.

The combustor shown in FIG. 5 heats the combustion air by passing a heat exchange pipe 20 through the air pipe 21 that supplies combustion air from the blower 6 to the heater 6. You can get the same effect as a combustion machine.

The combustor shown in FIG. 6 has a feed air heat exchanger 18 provided with an air supply pipe 24 having an intake hole 23 on the outside of an exhaust pipe 22, as shown in FIG. , F in Figure 5
The same effect as the F type oil hot air heater can be obtained.

The impregnated body 7 may be any material as long as it can withstand high temperatures, is impregnated with kerosene, and allows air to pass through easily. However, metals such as nickel and iron, or metals such as iJ, which have a catalytic action using compounds of the Au9/Ni6'1 group, are not preferred because they generate tar components. In this respect, alumina and silica are advantageous because they act as carriers for catalysts and have little catalytic activity.

In this embodiment, an oil hot air heater or an FF type oil hot air heater is used for explanation, but it may also be used in a combustion part of a hot water boiler, various types of heaters, water heaters, etc. Further, the oil tank 2 may be a leveler tank or a cartridge tank. Furthermore, although the kerosene supply to the impregnated body 7 has been explained using the fuel supply pipe 4 as an example, it may be directly supplied to the center part instead of dripping from the upper part as shown in FIG.

When burning kerosene in the combustion machine configured as described above, the kerosene stored in the oil tank 2 is impregnated with the oil pump 3 into the impregnated body 7 made of fibers whose main components are alumina and silica. In addition, a heater 6 which has self-temperature control and is composed of barium titanate as a main component.
When energized, the heater 6 quickly reaches a high temperature, making it difficult for current to flow. Then, the combustion air is sent to the heater e using the blower device 5.
10, - The temperature at which the kerosene is vaporized by this heater 6 is approximately 250°C.
Heating the fixing plate 11. Impregnated body7. It passes through a metal flame port plate 12. When the heated combustion air passes through the fixed plate 11, the combustion air becomes turbulent at the fixed plate 11, and the combustion air comes into contact with the entire area of the impregnated body 7. When the heated combustion air passes through the impregnated body 7, since the impregnated body 7 is composed of fibers whose main components are alumina and silica, the bulk specific gravity and heat capacity are small.
The kerosene contained in the impregnated body 7 is easily vaporized without lowering the temperature of the combustion air, and ignited by an electrode 9 serving as an ignition device to burn it. In the case of the oil hot air heater shown in Figure 1, air and combustion gas heated in the combustion chamber are sent to the heating fan 1.
The air is sent into the room by o to heat the room.

Moreover, in the case of the FF type oil hot air heater shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the heat exchanger 8. Heat exchange header 19. heat exchange pipe 20
．． The combustion air is discharged outdoors through the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 18, and combustion air is supplied to the outside of the exhaust pipe 22 through the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 18 as shown in FIG.

When the air supply pipe 24 is provided, the combustion air is heated by the combustion gas, so when the combustion air flows into the heater 6 section, which is an air heating device, the electrical resistance of the heater element 15 increases and the current flowing through the heater 6 increases. The value is smaller and power consumption is saved.

This air supply/exhaust heat exchanger 18 may be provided with the exhaust pipe 22 on the outside and the air supply pipe 24 on the inside, and as shown in FIG. A similar effect can be expected even if it penetrates.

Moreover, if there is no flame port plate 12 on the downstream side of the impregnated body 7, the impregnated body 7
The amount of kerosene vaporized increases in the upper part of the body, and the kerosene cannot penetrate to the lower part, resulting in incomplete combustion. However, on the downstream side of the impregnated body 7, there is a burner port plate 12 that is in close contact with the impregnated body and has a plurality of holes.
By providing kerosene, when kerosene is supplied to the p1 impregnated body 7, the kerosene permeates the entire impregnated body 7, comes into contact with the heated combustion air, and vaporizes in the hole of the flame port plate 12, resulting in good combustion. can be obtained. Moreover, when the supply of kerosene to the impregnated body 7 is stopped, the kerosene impregnated in the impregnated body 7 burns for a while, and the impregnated body 7 is in a dry state, so that less tar is generated and the life of the combustion part is extended. It is also possible to do so.

As is clear from the above description, the combustion machine of the present invention supplies combustion air for burning liquid fuel to an air heating device using a blower device and heats it, and then transfers this heated combustion air to a fixed plate. Impregnated body and flame 1] The liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body passes through a platform provided on the plate, vaporizes the liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body, and burns in the combustion chamber. Because it is vaporized using combustion air that is heated in a short time by an air heating device, the temperature of the vaporization chamber is kept at approximately 250°C, unlike conventional methods.
Compared to the time it takes to heat liquid fuel to vaporize it,
The time in the combustion section is much shorter.

By providing a fixing plate for fixing the impregnated body on the downstream side of the impregnated body and a flame port plate having a plurality of holes on the downstream side of the impregnated body, the heated combustion air passing through the impregnated body becomes turbulent. As a result, the entire impregnated body comes into contact with the combustion air, and the vaporization of the liquid fuel I is carried out smoothly, and the vaporization 13...

Since the mixture ratio with fuel is maintained appropriately, good combustion can be obtained.

Furthermore, even if liquid fuel that has been oxidized and deteriorated or liquid fuel that has high boiling point impurities mixed in is used, when the supply of liquid fuel to the impregnated body is stopped, the liquid fuel contained in the impregnated body will be removed from the hook plate. It burns for a while, so the impregnated body becomes dry-fired. Therefore, less tar is produced, the life of the combustion section is extended, and the combustion machine can be provided as an easy-to-use and convenient combustion machine.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a combustor showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the impregnated body of FIG. 1, and FIG.
4 and 5 are front sectional views of a combustor showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a combustion machine showing still another embodiment of the present invention. Front sectional view of the machine, No. 7
This figure is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main parts of the air supply/exhaust heat exchanger shown in FIG. 6. 3...Oil pump (fuel supply device), 5...
... Air blower, 6-... Heater (air heating device), 7.
...Impregnated body, 11-...Fixing plate, 12...
Flare plate, 147,-,. 14... Combustion chamber. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person @
1 Figure 2 Figure 3 //7 \ \ \ q376

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A blower device that supplies combustion air for burning liquid fuel, an air heating device that heats the combustion air supplied by this blower device, and a device installed downstream of this air heating device that an impregnated body through which heated combustion air can pass; a fuel supply device that supplies liquid fuel to the impregnated body; a fixing plate provided on the second flow side of the impregnated body; A combustion machine comprising a burner port plate provided in close contact with an impregnated body on the downstream side of the burner port and having a plurality of holes, and a combustion chamber provided downstream of the burner port plate. (2) The combustor according to claim (1), wherein the air heating device is mainly composed of barium titanate and has a self-temperature control property. (3) A heat exchanger is provided downstream of the heating chamber, and part or all of this heat exchanger is configured to penetrate through a blower pipe provided between the blower and the air heating device. A combustion machine according to claim (1). (4) A heat exchanger is provided downstream of the heating chamber, and a 4'J1 trachea is provided in this heat exchanger for discharging combustion gas outdoors, and an air supply pipe is provided that contacts the inside or end part of this exhaust pipe. The combustion machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion air is provided in the air supply pipe and the combustion air is guided to the blower device from the air supply pipe. (5) Claim No. 1, characterized in that the impregnated body is composed of fibers containing silica and alumina as main components.
) Combustion machine described in section 2.