JPS6363316A - Method and apparatus for forming culture bed of lyophyllum aggregatum - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention is directed to the artificial cultivation of mushrooms, especially Shimeji mushrooms, in which the seeds are planted and, after the mycelium has grown to a certain extent, a culture bottle is used for the growth of young sprouts. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming a bacterial bed in the mouth of a bottle.

(Conventional technology and problems) At the initial stage of artificial cultivation of this shimeji mushroom, the inoculum inoculated in the center of the culture medium matures and a layer of aerial hyphae or fungal membrane is formed on the inoculum. There is a process of preparing a fungal bed suitable for young bud growth.

This is different from enoki mushrooms, and in the case of this shimeji mushroom, if the entire fungal bed is used as a surface for sprout growth, a large number of sprouts will be produced, and the mushroom will not have a thick stem and a large cap when it grows up. Since thinning of the mushrooms must be done later, it is better to limit the germination area in the early stage of germination and limit the number of germinated mushrooms to around 10-15 per jar, which will result in shimeji mushrooms with higher market value. be.

The conventional method of forming a fungal bed using shimeji mushrooms involves scraping the fungus bed, and
-25087, there is a method in which the central part of the inoculum is pressed with a press plate, or a convex groove is formed in the press plate to form a concave groove in the bacterial bed, and the surrounding area is scraped off with a bacterial scraper blade. These are said to provide stimulation to the inoculum due to the compression of the press plate and the formation of grooves, making them favorable for growing mushrooms.

However, at the time of fungal bed formation, a spider web-like aerial mycelium layer is formed on top of the seed layer with secondary mycelia, that is, tm
It is covered with a spider web-like fungal film with a thickness of approximately 1.5 m, and it is not possible to apply this degree of suppression by leaving the fungal film as it is as in the above-mentioned conventional technology, or to carve grooves in the fungal film layer. However, it is questionable whether it is effective.

This is because even though pressing down with a press plate or carving grooves on the surface of the inoculum is effective in stimulating the hyphae, the inoculum layer (which serves as the fungal bed for germination of young buds) is not exposed to the above pressure. This is because, if pressure is applied at least, strain will be applied to the seed layer, and there is a risk of cutting the hyphae in the seed layer.

Furthermore, when pressing from below with a press plate, some of the collapsed bacterial membrane and seed bacteria fall onto the plate, and some of the seed bacteria stays in the plate, but if you press in this state, the germination surface As a result, the surface of the inoculum naturally becomes irregular and rough, making it difficult to obtain the desired surface of the inoculum.

In order to solve this inconvenience, it has been proposed to partially remove the fungal membrane.
As shown in No. 1, a device for removing the fungal film formed on the surface of the inoculum has been proposed, and this method is said to be more effective than the above-mentioned suppression of the press plate or formation of grooves.

However, in Utility Model Publication No. 57-22761, it is possible to remove part of the fungal membrane and remove unnecessary seed bacteria on the outside in a single process, but the ridges formed inside the dish are slightly higher than the edge of the dish. When the membrane is scraped off and the plate digs into the bacterial bed,
The plate stops rotating and is fixed in position, and then the germ-scraping blade rotates around the plate and rises to scrape off the inoculum from the outside of the plate.This device prevents the rotation of the plate. The disengagement mechanism that stops requires delicate adjustment, and depending on how it is adjusted, not only will it not be possible to properly remove the fungal film, but the inoculum in the center of the inoculum may be scraped off to a considerable depth, and the inoculum method itself may be damaged. There was a risk that it would be damaged.

Furthermore, the fungal film is removed by a convex strip formed on the dish, which simply rotates in the horizontal direction, whereas the fungal film is at most 21 mm thick, and the inoculum and fungal film are separated. The border between the two is not normally formed horizontally, and not only is it not suitable for complete removal of the fungal film, but even if the above adjustment is successful, there is a risk of damaging the seed culture bed in the center. Ta.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and uses the following means to cover the surface of the seed layer without damaging the surface of the seed layer. When only the spider web-like fungal film was removed and the inoculum in the center was left behind and the surrounding inoculum layer was removed and grown, the young buds of this shimeji mushroom developed well and a product with a high average commercial value was obtained. It was something that could be sold.

The reason for this is thought to be that unnecessary pressure is not applied to the seed layer, which does not adversely affect the hyphae in the seed, and since there is no bacterial membrane, no energy is consumed to break through the bacterial membrane and grow. .

In other words, by separating the bacterial membrane removal process and the unnecessary inoculum removal process, we were able to form an ideal bacterial bed for Shimeji mushrooms. This method of forming a fungal bed of shimeji mushrooms consists of a first step of removing the fungal film on the surface of the inoculum in the mouth of a culture bottle, and a second step of removing the inoculum layer around it, leaving the inoculum in the center.

The present invention also provides an invention of an apparatus for carrying out the invention, and the apparatus includes a rotary brush placed in a predetermined position to remove bacterial film inside the mouth of a culture bottle. A bacterial membrane removal device positioned therein, an inversion device for inverting the culture bottle, a cylindrical body that moves up and down from below toward the center of the inoculum in the bottle mouth, and a cylindrical body that moves up and down in synchronization with the cylindrical body and rotates around the cylindrical body. This is an apparatus for forming a fungus bed of this shimeji mushroom, which is composed of a starter removing device having a scraping blade for scraping off the starter located around the cylindrical body.

To explain the present invention in more detail, the first step in the method of the present invention is to brush the inside of the bottle mouth of the culture bottle with a brush, and this brush can be any type of brush as long as it has bristles on a desired support. However, it is preferable to use a rotary roller with bristles, that is, a rotary brush, which is rotated by an appropriate drive mechanism. For example, in the case of a rotating brush with bristles flocked in the diametrical direction, it is placed horizontally on a bridge at appropriate intervals on a table, and a container containing multiple culture bottles is placed on the table, and the brush is rotated. When the brush is rotated by a motor, the bacterial film formed on the seed germs is peeled off and removed. Although this operation may be carried out with the culture bottle inverted, it is usually preferable to carry out the operation in an upright position, and to invert it at the second stage.

After completing this step, the culture bottle is sent to the second step for processing. In the second step, as is known, the center of the seed culture is left and the periphery is scraped off. However, it is preferable that the culture bottle is inverted before processing, and the seed culture is removed with a scraping blade that moves up and down along the inner wall of the bottle mouth. You can just scrape it off, especially if you apply pressure to the seed bed in the center part, it will cause the seed bacteria to collapse, so even if you protect it with a dish, you should not pressurize the seed bed, if the seed bed is expected to collapse. It is only necessary to make the area of the central bacterial bed to be left a little larger than that of a normal one, but as described later, if the device of the present invention is used, a certain bacterial bed can be left.

The culture bottle with the fungal bed formed in this way is sent to the main shimeji cultivation process.

Regarding the device related to wood detection, there is a fungal film removal device.This device is equipped with a rotating brush, and when the culture bottle is brought close to the specified position, the bristles remove the fungal film inside the bottle opening. This rotating brush can be of any kind as long as it is
It is desirable to rotate a rotary roller with bristles, that is, a rotary brush, by an appropriate drive mechanism, but it may be formed by extending in the axial direction of the rotating shaft or in the diametrical direction, for example, In the case of a rotating brush with bristles flocked in the diametrical direction, a cold bridge may be placed horizontally at appropriate intervals on a table on which the culture bottles are placed, and a container containing a plurality of culture bottles is placed on the table. When the rotary brush is rotated by a motor, the spider web-like bacterial film formed on the seed bacteria is peeled off and removed. Furthermore, it is preferable to use a conveyor as the platform on which the container is placed, and if the bacterial film in the culture bottle inside the container is removed using a rotating brush bridged on the conveyor while the container is being conveyed on this platform, productivity will be improved. It is advantageous in this respect. In this case, the rotating brush is preferably rotated in the opposite direction to the container feeding direction, and two or more rotating brushes may be provided.

Next, the apparatus of the present invention has a culture bottle inversion device. This reversing device may be any ordinary reversing device, but preferably one that can invert the entire container containing a plurality of culture bottles.

Furthermore, the device of the present invention has a type 1 bacteria removal device, and this device has a
It consists of a cylindrical body that moves up and down from the bottom of the inverted culture bottle toward the inside of the bottle mouth, and a scraping blade that rotates around the cylindrical body.
The cylindrical body is inserted into the center of the seed culture in the mouth of the bottle, and the seed culture part remains as a germination surface.The cylindrical body is selected to have a diameter appropriate to its size.For example, the cylindrical body is It consists of a thin plate member like a stainless steel plate,
It is desirable that the H end has a sharp blade to facilitate piercing. However, if the plate is thin,
It is not necessary to form a special blade.The scraping blade is used to remove the inoculum outside the area surrounded by the cylinder, and the width of the blade is less than the length between the outer circumference of the cylinder and the inner diameter of the bottle mouth. It is somewhat short in length. Note that the removal of the outer periphery of the cylindrical body is
Not only the inoculum but also a portion of the culture medium may be scraped off.

(Function) Since the method of the present invention is configured as described above, in the first step, when the inside of the culture bottle on which a bacterial film has been formed is brushed with a brush, all of the bacterial film layer is removed and the inoculum layer is removed. The surface is exposed. In the second step, only the seed bed in the central portion remains as a circular convex portion, and in the growing step, Shimeji mushrooms for harvest will germinate and grow from this portion. Germination will also occur from the lower seed bed around the scraped area, but since the hyphae suitable for growth have been cut or removed, that area is in the same state as being thinned out and will not grow.

On the other hand, the device of the present invention first brushes the inside of the bottle mouth with a rotating brush, so the bacterial film covering the bottle mouth is removed, and after the culture bottle is turned over by the 0-inversion device that exposes the surface of the seed layer, the culture bottle is turned into a cylinder. The body rises toward the mouth of the culture bottle, penetrates the seed layer, and stops at a predetermined position. At the same time, the scraping blade that rotates around the cylinder rises and removes the seed bacteria around the cylinder. Scrape off the layer or culture medium.

(Example of the method of the present invention) Fill 100 culture bottles with a capacity of 1800 cc (diameter 52 mm), inoculate them with culture medium, and culture for 60 days. At the stage when a nest-like bacterial membrane was formed, the inside of the mouth was brushed with a rotating brush to remove the bacterial membrane.

Next, the culture bottle was inverted, leaving a circular convex inoculum part with a diameter of 34+ am in the center, and the surrounding area was removed with a scraping blade, and this was taken to the growth room and grown for 36 days, and the real shimeji mushrooms were harvested.

First, the average number of seedlings that germinated from the central seed bed was 15.
There were 5 plants, and it was confirmed that germination occurred uniformly from the entire seed bed in the center.

At the time of harvest, the heights of germinated and grown Shimeji mushrooms are fairly consistent, and the size and thickness of the cap and the thickness of the stems are comparable to those of conventional Shimeji mushrooms.

The harvesting period was also shorter than the conventional 40 days, allowing the crops to be harvested in just 36 days. The mushroom yield per bottle was 94.0 grams. The conventional yield average is 90.0 grams.

(Effects of the method of the present invention) As described above, with the method of the present invention, the period from germination to harvest is shortened, and the yield per liter bottle is slightly higher. We can also expect better results than ever before.

(Example of the device of the present invention) Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a bacterial film removal device for removing the bacterial film C covering the seed culture seed planted on the culture medium A; 2 is a conveyor; 3 is a
This is a rotating brush in which brushes 5 are implanted on a rotary body 4 that rotates by an arbitrary drive. It is supported and installed. By this brushing, the fungal film C covering the seed cell shown on the right side of Figure 2
is removed.

10 is a culture bottle reversing device, and this reversing device 10 is
The entire conveyor 13 is rotatably supported on a rotary shaft 12 bridged on a base 11, and a guide 14, which is erected on the base 11 and has a semi-elliptical shape on one side, is compressed by a spring in the direction of the rotary shaft 12. , rollers 16 protruding from both sides of a presser plate 15 that passes outside the mouth 8 of the culture bottle 7 at a predetermined position and presses the shoulder of the culture bottle 7;
In the initial position, the distance between the container 6 and the presser plate 15 is sufficient for the culture bottle 7 to enter onto the conveyor 13. When the container 6 is turned over, the roller 16 of the presser plate 15 The engagement of the guide 14 is released, and the holding plate 15 holds the culture bottle in an inverted state while pressing against the seven shoulders of the culture bottle.

17 is an inoculum removal device, and 18 is a lifting platform that moves up and down guided by supporting legs 19, and this platform 18 has a fixed shaft 20 located directly below the opening 8 of the culture bottle 7 that has been inverted. A cylindrical body 21 is protruded from the tip thereof, and a sleeve 22 is fitted onto the fixed shaft 20 via a bearing. A letter-shaped scraping blade 23 is provided.

24 is a belt mounted on the sleeve 22, 25 is a motor that drives this belt 23, and 26 is a rotating shaft 1.
This is a motor that rotates 2.

(Effects of the device of the present invention) As described above, the device of the present invention uses a rotating brush to remove the fungal film covering the surface of the seed fungus, so the hyphae spread throughout the seed fungus layer is removed without damaging the S thin layer. , which can immediately grow into young shoots.

In addition, after the culture bottle is inverted, the cylindrical body is thrust toward the inoculum in the center of the culture bottle, but since the cylinder penetrates vertically and does not rotate, the inoculum layer in the center that should remain Since only a slight pressure is applied to the outer periphery of the cylindrical body, it will not damage the inoculum layer and its surface for seedling germination.Also, since the cylindrical body is not a dish, some of the inoculum may Even if it falls, it passes straight down, so the fallen seed remains and there is no risk of damaging the surface of the seed; in this way, in the present invention, the interface with the bacterial membrane is not completely flat. The surface of the inoculum that is not present is exposed in its original shape by the rotating brush, and the use of a cylindrical body for the central inoculum bed prevents pressure from being applied by a dish, etc., and prevents the inoculum from falling into the dish. There will be no negative effects from the remaining seed mass.

In addition, since the scraping blade that scrapes off unnecessary seed bacteria simply rotates around the cylindrical body and scrapes it off, the central seed layer that forms the bacterial bed does not collapse during the scraping operation of the scraping blade. In this respect as well, the central seed layer is protected.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the culture bottle, the right side of the chain line shows the state before treatment, the left side shows the state after completion of treatment, and Fig. 3 shows the cylindrical culture bottle. It is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a part of the body is inserted into the inoculum. 1. Bacterial membrane removal device 2-conveyor, 3. Rotating brush 4. Rotating body 5. Brush 6-Container 7. Culture bottle 8. Bacteria opening 9. Strut 10φ Culture bottle reversing device 11. Base
1211 Rotating shaft No. 13 Conveyor 14 - Guide 15 - Pressing plate 16 - Roller 17 - Inoculum removal? 18 Lifting platform 19・Support leg, 20・Fixed shaft 2111 Cylindrical body 2211 Sleeve 2311 Scraping blade 24・Belt 25・261 Motor

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A method for forming a fungal bed of shimeji mushrooms, which consists of a first step of removing the fungal film on the surface of the inoculum inside the mouth of the culture bottle with a brush, and a second step of scraping the area around the inoculum leaving the central part of the inoculum in the mouth of the culture bottle. (2) A bacterial film removal device that uses a rotating brush to remove the bacterial film inside the mouth of a culture bottle placed in a predetermined position, an inversion device that inverts the culture bottle, and a rotary brush that applies the inoculum from below to the center of the bottle mouth. This Shimeji Mushroom consists of a cylindrical body that moves up and down toward the cylindrical body, and a starter removing device that moves up and down in synchronization with the cylindrical body, has a scraping blade that rotates around the cylindrical body, and scrapes off the inoculum located around the cylindrical body. floor forming equipment