JPS6347416B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combine harvester, and its purpose is to reduce the output of an engine that drives a threshing device and a traveling device,
The vehicle speed is automatically changed so that the processing capacity of the threshing device can be effectively used, and the work efficiency is improved, and the automatic speed change operation is always performed well regardless of fluctuations in grain culm conditions. The point is to make it possible to do so.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to illustrative drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, a device 1 for raising grain culms such as rice and wheat planted in a field, a cutting blade 2 for cutting the base of the raised grain culms, and a device 3 for holding and transporting the harvested grain culms backwards. The conveyed grain culm is held and conveyed by the feed chain 4 while being handled and processed by the rotating handling cylinder 5, and the treated material is subjected to the blowing action of the chimney 6 and the swinging sorting plate 7.
A threshing device 10 that performs a sorting process to collect fine grains by falling into a first port 8, collecting second particles by falling into a second port 9, and discharging straw waste from the device by the feeding action of the threshing device 10;
A disk-shaped cutter 12 for shredding the waste straw conveyed by the waste straw chain 11 after threshing, a crawler traveling device 13, an engine 14 for driving the various devices, a driver's seat 15, and a control box 16 are provided. As the field progresses, the grain culms planted in the field are harvested, the harvested grain culms are threshed, and the waste straw after threshing is shredded. .

As shown in FIG. 2, a part of the output of the engine 14 is transmitted by a belt to a hydraulic continuously variable transmission 17, and the output of the continuously variable transmission 17 is transmitted to a drive case 18 through a gear. The system is constructed so that the vehicle speed can be varied steplessly. Further, a part of the engine output is transmitted to the threshing device 10 and the cutter 12 in an intermittent manner using a belt tension type threshing clutch 19. Further, a part of the engine output is transmitted to the lifting device 1, the cutting blade 2, and the conveying device 3 in an intermittent manner using a reaping clutch (not shown).

A speed change lever 20 is linked to the continuously variable transmission 17 via a link mechanism 21, and an electric motor 22 capable of forward and reverse rotation is linked to the speed change lever 20 via a friction transmission mechanism 23. , the vehicle speed can be changed by the lever 20 and the motor 22, and the motor 22
The vehicle speed can be preferentially changed using the lever 20 even during operation of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 3, a device 24 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) that detects the driving torque of the handling cylinder 5 as the driving torque T of the threshing device 10 utilizes the configuration mechanism of the torque detecting device 24. a device 25 for detecting the rotational speed of the handling barrel as the rotational speed N of the engine 14; a device 26 for detecting the input rotational speed of the travel drive case 18 as the vehicle speed; The drive torque of the device 10 is below the set value, and the engine 14
A device 27 for storing the engine rotational speed N ₀ when the speed is changed to a set speed or higher, and the threshing device 1
A device 28 for setting the standard drive torque T0 of ₀ in a changeable state, a set speed interval _△ toward a low speed based on the stored engine rotation speed N0.
Four engine rotational speed ranges N ₁ divided by N,
N ₂ , N ₃ , N ₄ and the setting torque interval △ for increasing and decreasing with reference to the reference threshing drive torque T ₀
Four threshing drive torque ranges T ₁ divided at intervals of T,
In detail, the proper balance relationship between T ₂ , T ₃ , and T ₄ is such that the larger the torque range corresponds to the larger the speed range, as shown in Figure 4. , 16 balance states obtained based on 4 torque ranges T ₁ ... and 4 speed ranges N ₁ ... are determined from C 1 to C ₁ by determining the magnitude of the product of drive torque T and rotational speed N. A device 29 that divides C ₇ into seven levels and sets C ₃ of these divided ranks C ₁ . . . as an appropriate balance relationship, the torque detection device 24, the speed detection device 25, and the appropriate balance relationship setting device 29. Based on the signal from the controller, it is determined which rank among the seven ranks C1 the threshing drive torque T and engine rotational speed _N are located in, and based on this determination result, it is not necessary to change the vehicle speed at rank _C3 . , deceleration is required for ranks C ₄ to _{C 7} , ranks C ₁ and C ₂
In addition to determining the need for speed increase, we also determine the rank
A vehicle speed change amount setting device 30 that sets the deceleration amount so that it becomes larger as it goes from C ₄ to C ₇ , and sets the speed increase amount so that rank C ₁ becomes larger than rank C ₂ ; A device 31 that sets a target vehicle speed at appropriate time intervals based on signals from the vehicle speed change amount setting device 30 and the vehicle speed detecting device 26, while comparing and determining signals from the target vehicle speed setting device 31 and the vehicle speed detecting device 26. A comparison circuit 33 is provided to operate the drive circuit 32a for increasing the speed of the motor 22 or the drive circuit 32b for decelerating the motor 22 so that the target vehicle speed and the actual vehicle speed become the same. Torque T and the engine 1
The vehicle speed is automatically changed so as to maintain the rotational speed N of No. 4 within the torque range and speed range having the appropriate balance relationship.

In short, the vehicle speed is automatically changed so as to apply a load as large as possible to the engine 14 within its allowable load range, and to apply a load as large as possible to the threshing device 10 within its allowable load range. It is structured so that the harvesting work can be carried out efficiently while keeping the
By changing and setting the standard threshing drive torque T ₀ according to grain conditions such as moisture level and grain settling amount fluctuations,
The structure is such that grain culms can be handled as desired while reliably avoiding overloading the threshing device 10.

The vehicle speed control mechanism of the present invention may be constructed using a microcomputer or a logic circuit.

Further, in the embodiment, the torque shift range and the speed shift range are set as four sections each, but other numbers of sections may be set.

In addition, in the embodiment, the reference rotational speed of the engine 14
Although the device 27 for storing N ₀ has been illustrated as a device for setting the reference rotational speed N ₀ of the engine 14,
You can manually set the speed based on the engine speed change operation status, or set a constant speed in advance.
The engine 14 may be operated to change gears so as to achieve this set speed.

In summary, the combine harvester according to the present invention has an engine 1 that drives the threshing device 10 and the traveling device 13.
4, a device 25 for detecting the rotational speed N of the threshing device 10, a device 24 for detecting the drive torque T of the threshing device 10, a device 26 for detecting the vehicle speed, a device 28 for setting the reference threshing drive torque _T0 in a changeable state, Device 2 for setting the reference rotational speed N ₀ of the engine 14
7, and a plurality of engine rotational speed ranges N ₁ , N ₂ , N ₃ , N ₄ divided at set speed intervals ΔN toward lower speeds based on the reference engine rotational speed N ₀ .
and a plurality of threshing drive torque ranges T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ , T ₄ divided into increasing and decreasing set torque intervals ΔT based on the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ .
A device 29 is provided for setting an appropriate balance relationship between the drive torque T of the thresher 10 and the rotation of the engine 14 so that the larger the torque range, the larger the speed range. Speed N
A vehicle speed control mechanism is provided that automatically increases or decelerates the traveling transmission 17 based on information from each of the detection devices 25 so as to maintain the vehicle in the torque range and speed range that have the appropriate balance relationship. Because of its characteristics, it has the following advantages.

As the vehicle speed increases, the drive torque T of the threshing device 10 increases as the amount of grain culm reaped per unit time increases, and the rotation speed N of the engine 14 decreases accordingly, and the rotation of the engine 14 increases. Considering that the speed N changes not only due to fluctuations in the driving torque T of the threshing device 10 but also due to fluctuations in the driving torque of the traveling device 13, a plurality of engine rotational speed ranges N ₁ ... and a plurality of threshing drives are used. Torque range
The appropriate balance relationship of T ₁ ... is set such that the larger the torque range, the larger the speed range, and the drive torque T of the threshing device 10 and the rotational speed N of the engine 14 are set as above. Since the vehicle speed is configured to be automatically changed so as to be maintained within a torque range and speed range that have an appropriate balance relationship, the engine output and the processing capacity of the threshing device 10 can be effectively utilized while, in other words, It is possible to perform efficient reaping and harvesting work by applying a load to the engine 14 as large as possible within its allowable range, and to applying a load to the threshing device 10 as large as possible within its allowable range. Summer.

As mentioned above, in order to automatically change the vehicle speed, the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ can be changed and set, so the conditions of the grain culm to be harvested, such as lodging condition, wetness condition, variation in grain deposition amount, etc. By changing and setting the standard threshing drive torque _T0 , for example, by changing the standard threshing drive torque _T0 so that it is lowered as the grain culm exhibits larger torque fluctuations, it is possible to prevent overloading the threshing device 10. Threshing device 1 while ensuring avoidance
0 can be used to perform the desired handling and processing operations.

As a result, due to the combination of the above advantages, a combine harvester that can be used extremely conveniently has been obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings illustrate embodiments of the combine harvester according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the combine harvester, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic diagram showing the transmission system, FIG. 3 is a block diagram, and FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the torque range and the speed range. 10... threshing device, 13... traveling device, 14...
...Engine, 24...Driving torque detection device, 25
...Rotation speed detection device, 26...Vehicle speed detection device,
27...Reference engine rotation speed setting device, 28...
...Reference threshing drive torque setting device, 29...Appropriate balance relationship setting device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A device 25 for detecting the rotational speed N of the engine 14 that drives the threshing device 10 and the traveling device 13, and a device 2 for detecting the driving torque T of the threshing device 10.
4. A device 26 for detecting vehicle speed, a device 28 for setting the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ in a changeable state;
a device 27 for setting a reference rotational speed N ₀ of the engine 14; and a device 27 for setting the reference engine rotational speed N ₀
A plurality of engine rotation speed ranges N ₁ , N ₂ , divided at set speed intervals △N toward low speeds based on
N ₃ , N ₄ and a plurality of threshing drive torque ranges T ₁ , T ₂ , which are divided into increasing and decreasing torque intervals ΔT based on the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ .
A device 29 is provided for setting an appropriate balance relationship between T ₃ and T ₄ so that the larger the torque range, the larger the speed range. Vehicle speed control that automatically increases/decelerates the traveling transmission 17 based on information from each of the detection devices 25 so as to maintain the rotational speed N of the engine 14 within the torque range and speed range having the appropriate balance relationship. A combine harvester characterized by being equipped with a mechanism. 2. The device 27 for setting the reference rotational speed N ₀ of the engine 14 determines that the vehicle speed is zero or a speed close to zero, the drive torque T of the threshing device 10 is below the set value, and the engine 14 is at or above the set speed. 2. The combine harvester according to claim 1, which is a device for storing engine rotational speed N ₀ when a gear shift operation is being performed.