JPH0117646B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combine harvester equipped with a control mechanism that automatically increases/decelerates a traveling transmission based on information from a threshing load detection device in order to maintain a constant threshing load.

The above-mentioned combine harvester is configured to automatically change the vehicle speed in order to effectively utilize the processing capacity of the threshing device while avoiding overloading the threshing device, thereby achieving efficient reaping and harvesting operations. However, at the start of reaping, when the control mechanism is switched to the operating state with the machine entering the group of grain culms to be reaped, the vehicle speed is higher than the speed that applies an appropriate load to the threshing device. There was a risk that the speed would be increased to overload the threshing equipment. To explain in more detail, after the grain culm is fed into the threshing device in the no-load state, the load on the threshing device is
It takes a considerable amount of time for the load to develop to the same characteristics as when the grain culms are continuously fed, and as a result, the vehicle speed is increased more than necessary immediately after the start of reaping. There is a risk of overloading the threshing equipment. moreover,
Generally, there is a large proportion of grain culms lying irregularly in the vicinity of the harvesting start point in the field, so there is a risk that the vehicle speed and the lifting speed of the grain culm do not match, or that the vehicle speed and the threshing load There was a problem that there was a risk that the grains would not be compatible with each other, and troubles such as grain culm clogging were likely to occur.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide a combine harvester that can eliminate the troubles that occur when starting harvesting in the field and the decrease in work efficiency.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, a device 1 for raising grain culms such as rice and wheat planted in a field, a cutting blade 2 for cutting the base of the raised grain culms, and a device 3 for holding and transporting the harvested grain culms backwards. The conveyed grain culm is held and conveyed by the feed chain 4 while being handled and processed by the rotating handling cylinder 5, and the treated material is subjected to the blowing action of the chimney 6 and the swinging sorting plate 7.
A threshing device 10 that performs a sorting process to collect fine grains by falling into a first port 8, collecting second particles by falling into a second port 9, and discharging straw waste from the device by the feeding action of the threshing device 10;
A disk-shaped cutter 12 for shredding the waste straw conveyed to the waste straw chain 11 after threshing, a crawler traveling device 13, an engine 14 for driving the various devices, a driver's seat 15, and a control box 16 are provided. As the field progresses, the grain culms planted in the field are harvested, the harvested grain culms are threshed, and the waste straw is shredded.

As shown in FIG. 2, a part of the output of the engine 14 is transmitted by a belt to a hydraulic continuously variable transmission 17, and the output of the continuously variable transmission 17 is transmitted to a drive case 18 through a gear. The system is constructed so that the vehicle speed can be changed steplessly. Further, a part of the engine output can be applied to the threshing device 10 and the cutter 12 in a state that can be operated intermittently using a belt tension type threshing clutch 19.
It is configured so that it can be transmitted to Furthermore, the pulling device 1 is capable of controlling a portion of the engine output intermittently using a reaping clutch (not shown).
The signal is configured to be transmitted to the cutting blade 2 and the conveying device 3.

A speed change lever 20 is linked to the continuously variable transmission 17 via a link mechanism 21, and an electric motor 22 capable of forward and reverse rotation is linked to the speed change lever 20 via a friction transmission mechanism 23. , the vehicle speed can be changed by the lever 20 and the motor 22, and the motor 22
Even when the vehicle is in operation, the vehicle speed can be changed preferentially using the lever 20.

As shown in FIG. 3, a device 24 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) that detects the driving torque of the handling cylinder 5 as the driving torque T of the threshing device 10 utilizes the configuration mechanism of the torque detecting device 24. a device 25 for detecting the rotational speed of the handling barrel as the rotational speed N of the engine 14; a device 26 for detecting the input rotational speed of the travel drive case 18 as the vehicle speed; The drive torque of the device 10 is below the set value, and the engine 14
A device 27 for storing the engine rotational speed N ₀ when the speed is changed to a set speed or higher, and the threshing device 1
A device 28 for setting a reference driving torque T ₀ of 0, and four engine rotation speed ranges N ₁ , N divided at set speed intervals ΔN towards low speeds based on the stored engine rotation speed N ₀ . ₂ , N ₃ , N ₄ and four threshing drive torque ranges T ₁ , T _{2 ,} T divided into increasing and decreasing set torque intervals ΔT based on the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ . ₃ , _T4 , the larger the torque range, the larger the speed range. Torque range
16 obtained based on T ₁ and four speed ranges N ₁ ...
The balance state of the drive torque T and rotational speed N
It is divided into 7 levels from C ₁ to C ₇ based on the size of the product value, and C ₃ of these divided ranks C ₁ ...
Based on the signals from the device 29 for setting the appropriate balance relationship, the torque detection device 24, the speed detection device 25, and the appropriate balance relationship setting device 29, the threshing drive torque T and the engine rotational speed N are adjusted to the seven levels. It determines which rank it is located in among ranks _C1 ..., and based on this determination result, vehicle speed change is not required for rank _C3 , deceleration is required for ranks _C1 to _C7 , and speed increase is required for ranks _C1 and _C2. In addition, the amount of deceleration is set such that it becomes larger as it goes from rank C ₄ to C ₇ , and
A vehicle speed change amount setting device 30 that sets the speed increase amount in a state where _C1 is made larger than rank _C2 , the vehicle speed change amount setting device 30, and the vehicle speed detection device 26.
A device 31 that sets a target vehicle speed at set appropriate time intervals based on the signal from the target vehicle speed, and compares and discriminates the signals from the target vehicle speed setting device 31 and the vehicle speed detecting device 26 so that the target vehicle speed and the actual vehicle speed become the same. A comparison circuit 33 that operates the drive circuit 32a for increasing the speed of the motor 22 or the drive circuit 32b for decelerating the motor 22.
is provided, and the vehicle speed is automatically changed so that the driving torque T of the threshing device 10 and the rotational speed N of the engine 14 are maintained within the torque range and speed range having the appropriate balance relationship. be.

In short, the vehicle speed is automatically changed so as to apply a load as large as possible to the engine 14 within its allowable load range, and to apply a load as large as possible to the threshing device 10 within its allowable load range. The structure is such that reaping and harvesting work can be carried out efficiently while doing so.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, both drive circuits 32
a, 32b between an operating state and a non-operating state, that is, a switch 34 serving as a means for automatically changing the vehicle speed and outputting an operation start signal when starting reaping. The switch 34 is provided in a state where it is pressed into operation by the grain culm being conveyed by the device 3, and the time from when the switch 34 is operated until both the drive circuits 32a and 32b are switched to the operating state is delayed by an appropriate time Δt. A delay circuit 35 is provided for this purpose, and when the machine enters the culm group and starts reaping, the switch 34 is turned on and operated, and then the grain culm is fed into the threshing device 10 at the appropriate time. When Δt has elapsed, the vehicle speed automatic shift operation is automatically started, and when the aircraft body leaves the culm group and the switch 34 is turned off, the vehicle speed automatic shift operation is automatically stopped. It is structured as follows.

Further, a device 36 is provided to change and set the maximum vehicle speed that can be set by the target vehicle speed setting device 31 to four speeds V ₁ , V ₂ , V ₃ , and V ₄ , so that the vehicle speed is automatically adjusted as described above. The maximum vehicle speed that can be changed can be changed depending on field conditions and grain culm conditions.

The switch 34 and the maximum vehicle speed setting device 3
After the automatic vehicle speed change operation is started based on the signal No. 6, the maximum vehicle speed that can be set by the target vehicle speed setting device 31 is limited to the vehicle speed set by the maximum vehicle speed setting device 36. Then, a speed increase operation mechanism 37 is provided which sequentially increases the vehicle speed to a vehicle speed that can be changed and set by the maximum vehicle speed setting device 36 at appropriate set time intervals, and thereby increases the vehicle speed after the automatic vehicle speed change operation has started. As shown in FIG. 5, the speed operation is performed at preset vehicle speeds V ₁ , V 2 , V ₂ ,
The configuration is such that the speed is sequentially increased to V ₃ and V ₄ .

In the embodiment, the control mechanism includes a threshing load detection device 24 and an engine rotation speed detection device 2.
5, the vehicle speed is automatically changed based on the information from the load detection device 24.
It may be configured such that the vehicle speed is changed only based on this information.

In addition, in the embodiment, the speed increasing operation mechanism includes:
Although the example has been shown in which the control mechanism makes effective use of the function of the device 36 that changes and sets the maximum vehicle speed that can be changed and increases the speed up to a maximum of 4 speeds, it is possible to arbitrarily change the maximum vehicle speed independent of the maximum vehicle speed change setting device 36. It may be carried out by setting an arbitrary speed with the number of stages.

In addition, in the embodiment, the mechanism for switching the control mechanism between the operating state and the non-operating state was designed to be automatically switched in conjunction with the presence or absence of grain culms to be transported, but it could be implemented manually. Good too.

In summary, the combine harvester according to the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, and is provided with an operation start signal output means for outputting a signal indicating that the control operation of the control mechanism has started, and an operation start signal outputted by the operation start signal output means. From the time when is output until a set time elapses, priority is given to the information from the threshing load detection device, and the vehicle speed is sequentially increased to reach a preset vehicle speed at each set time, and the speed is shifted to multiple gears. The vehicle is characterized by being equipped with a speed increasing operation mechanism.

That is, since the vehicle speed is gradually increased by the speed increasing operation mechanism until a set time elapses after the start signal for starting the operation of the control mechanism is output from the start signal output means, When reaping is started while controlling the vehicle speed based on the threshing load, problems are likely to occur in the reaping operation near the reaping start position where there is a lot of disturbance such as lodging of grain culms in the field and the threshing load is likely to fluctuate. Since it does not rapidly increase the vehicle speed to the steady working speed, it prevents problems such as clogging in the pulling reaping device and stalk culm conveying device, and improves safety until the vehicle speed reaches the steady working speed. This has resulted in the effect of ensuring sex.

Incidentally, although reference numerals are written in the claims section for convenient comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the accompanying drawings.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the combine harvester according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the combine, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the transmission system, FIG. 3 is a block diagram, and FIG. 4 is a torque range and speed range. Graph showing the relationship between
The figure is a graph showing the increasing operation state. 17... Traveling transmission device, 24... Threshing load detection device, speed increasing operation mechanism...37.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A combine harvester equipped with a control mechanism that automatically increases/decelerates the traveling transmission 17 based on information from the threshing load detection device 24 in order to stabilize the threshing load, and the control operation of the control mechanism is started. Operation start signal output means 3 that outputs a signal indicating that
4 and an operation start signal output means 3.
The threshing load detection device 2
4. The combine harvester is characterized in that it is provided with a speed increase operation mechanism 37 that sequentially performs a speed increase operation to give priority to the information from No. 4 and change the speed to a plurality of speeds so that the vehicle speed reaches a preset vehicle speed at each set time.