JPS6334503Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a combine harvester that automatically changes the vehicle speed so that the output of the engine that drives the threshing device and the traveling device and the processing capacity of the threshing device can be effectively used, and also changes the vehicle speed according to the grain culm conditions. By making it easy to change the maximum speed and threshing drive torque settings, the engine power and threshing capacity can be used effectively to avoid wastage, regardless of the grain culm conditions, and can also prevent threshing failures. The purpose is to enable efficient operation without loss or damage to grains or grains.

Next, embodiments of the combine harvester of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to illustrative drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, a device 1 for raising grain culms such as rice and wheat planted in a field, a cutting blade 2 for cutting the base of the raised grain culms, and a device 3 for holding and transporting the harvested grain culms backwards. The conveyed grain stems are held and conveyed by the feed chain 4 while being handled and processed by the rotating handling drum 5, and the processed material is subjected to the blowing action of the chisel 6 and the swinging sorting plate 7.
A threshing device 10 that performs a sorting process to collect fine grains by falling into a first port 8, collecting second particles by falling into a second port 9, and discharging straw waste from the device by the feeding action of the threshing device 10;
Each of the disc-shaped cutters 12 for shredding the threshed waste straw transported by the waste straw chain 11 is installed in a self-propelled machine having a crawler traveling device 13, an engine 14 for driving the various devices, a driver's seat 15, and a control box 16. It is attached to the aircraft.

As shown in FIG. 2, a part of the output of the engine 14 is transmitted by a belt to a hydraulic continuously variable transmission 17, and the output of the continuously variable transmission 17 is transmitted to a drive case 18 through a gear. The system is constructed so that the vehicle speed can be varied steplessly. Further, a part of the engine output is transmitted to the threshing device 10 and the cutter 12 in an intermittent manner using a belt tension type threshing clutch 19. Furthermore, although not shown, a part of the output of the transmission device 17 is transmitted to the lifting device 1, the cutting blade 2, and the conveying device 3.

A speed change lever 20 is linked to the continuously variable transmission 17 via a link mechanism 21 to enable manual operation of the continuously variable transmission 17 using the lever 20, thereby enabling manual speed change of the vehicle speed.

As shown in FIG. 2, a device 2 detects the driving torque of the threshing device 10 as the driving torque of the handling cylinder 5.
2, and this threshing device drive torque detection device 22
A device 23 is attached to the thresher 10 for detecting the rotational speed of the handling barrel as the rotational speed N of the engine 14 using the above-mentioned structural mechanism, and a device 24 for detecting the input rotational speed of the traveling drive case 18 as the vehicle speed. is attached to the driving drive case 18, and as shown in FIG. A device 25 for storing the engine rotational speed N ₀ when the speed is changed to a set speed or higher is connected to both the detection devices 22 and 23.
Furthermore, four engine rotational speed ranges N ₁ , N 2 , N are defined at set speed intervals ΔN toward lower speeds based on the engine rotational speed N ₀ stored in the storage device ₂₅ . ₃ , _N4 , and the setting torque interval between the increasing and decreasing sides based on the threshing drive torque _T0 set by the device 26 that sets the standard drive torque T0 of the threshing device ₁₀ in a changeable state. The appropriate balance relationship between the four threshing drive torque ranges T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ , and T ₄ divided at intervals of △T is such that the larger the torque range, the larger the speed range. In detail, as shown in Fig. 4, there are four torque ranges T ₁ . . .
The 16 balance states obtained based on the speed range N ₁ ... are divided into seven stages C ₁ to C ₇ by determining the magnitude of the product of the drive torque T and the rotational speed N. Divided ranks C ₁ ... C ₃
A device 27 for setting as an appropriate balance relationship,
The vehicle speed control mechanism 28 is linked to the storage device 25, and the detection devices 22, 23, 24 and the balance relationship setting device 27 are linked to the continuously variable transmission 17. The vehicle speed control mechanism 28 includes the link mechanism 21 and the continuously variable transmission 1 using the shift lever 20 as shown in FIG.
Friction transmission mechanism 2 to enable priority operation of 7
a reversibly rotatable electric motor 30 interlocked with the link mechanism 21 via the link mechanism 9; a circuit 31 for driving the motor 30 to the speed increasing side of the continuously variable transmission 17;
a, a circuit 31b for driving the motor 30 to the deceleration side of the continuously variable transmission 17, and the torque detection device 2;
2. Based on the signals from the speed detection device 23 and the balance relationship setting device 27, the actual threshing drive torque T and engine rotational speed N are set by the setting device 26, which ranks C ₁ in the seven stages.
Determine which rank it is in among...
Based on this determination result, it is determined _that shifting is _not required for rank C ₃ , deceleration is required for ranks C ₄ to _{C 7} , and speed increase is required for ranks C ₁ and C _2.
Set the amount of deceleration so that it increases as the vehicle moves toward
In addition, a discrimination device 32 sets the speed increase amount in a state where rank C ₁ is made larger than rank C ₂ , and a target vehicle speed is determined at appropriate set time intervals based on signals from this discrimination device 32 and the vehicle speed detection device 24. A device 33 for changeably setting the target vehicle speed, and a speed increasing operation of the motor 30 so that the target vehicle speed and the actual vehicle speed become the same while comparing and determining signals from the target vehicle speed setting device 33 and the vehicle speed detecting device 24. drive circuit 31a
Alternatively, it is composed of a comparison circuit 34 that operates the drive circuit 31b for deceleration operation. That is, each of the detection devices 22, 23, 24 is controlled so that the vehicle speed control mechanism 28 maintains the drive torque T of the threshing device 10 and the rotational speed N of the engine 14 within the torque range and speed range that have the appropriate balance relationship. The transmission device 17 is configured to automatically increase/decelerate based on information from the vehicle.

In short, by appropriately changing and setting the standard threshing drive torque T ₀ according to the grain conditions such as the lodging condition of the grain culm to be harvested, the degree of wetness, and fluctuations in the amount of grain set, regardless of the conditions of the grain culm, zu, engine 1
The vehicle speed can be automatically changed so as to apply a load as large as possible within the allowable load range to the threshing device 10, and to apply a load as large as possible within the allowable range to the threshing device 10. And the threshing processing capacity can be used effectively to avoid waste.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the target vehicle speed setting device 33 is provided with a setting device 35 that changes and sets the maximum target vehicle speed set thereby to three levels: high, medium, and low.
The setting device 35 sets the maximum speed of the shift produced by the vehicle speed control mechanism 28 to a high speed.
It is configured so that it can be set to three speeds: medium and low speed. Then, a rotary operating tool 3 as shown in FIG.
6, and when this operating tool 36 is operated to the first operating position L, the threshing drive torque setting device 26 sets the reference threshing drive torque T while the setting device 35 sets the maximum speed change speed to a low speed. ₀
is set to the lowest value, and operating tool 3
6 to the second operating position M, the threshing drive torque setting device 26 sets the reference threshing drive torque while the setting device 35 sets the maximum speed of the shift to the medium speed.
When T ₀ is set to an intermediate value and the operating tool 36 is further operated to the third operating position H, the threshing drive torque setting device 26 is set to a state where the setting device 35 sets the maximum speed of shifting to a high speed. The setting device 35 and the threshing drive torque setting device 26 are linked by a linkage mechanism 37 configured to set the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ to the highest value. In other words, as the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ is changed to a larger value, the maximum speed change speed is changed to a higher value, and the reference threshing drive torque T 0 is changed to a higher value.
The threshing drive torque setting device 26 and the vehicle speed control mechanism 28 are connected by the linkage mechanism 37 so that as T ₀ is changed to a smaller value, the maximum shifting speed is changed to a lower value. It is linked.

In short, if the grain culm to be harvested is extremely lying down and damp, by keeping the operating tool 36 in the first operating position L, the machine traveling speed can be suppressed to a low speed, and the handling trunk 5 The driving torque of the machine is suppressed to a low level, allowing work to be carried out while preventing troubles such as threshing and grain damage, and ensuring that the grain culm to be harvested is in a state of extremely low lodging and is dry. In this case, operating tool 3
6 in the third operating position H, the machine can run at high speed and the handling barrel 5 is driven with high torque, allowing efficient work, and also controlling the lodging and wetness of the grain culms to be harvested. In the middle of the above cases, that is, in the standard state, the operating tool 36
By keeping the machine in the second operation position M, the machine can run at an appropriate speed that is neither too fast nor too slow, and the threshing can be performed in an appropriate operating state without being too strong or too weak. We have made it possible to work efficiently without any problems with raising or threshing.

Note that the vehicle speed control mechanism may be configured using a microcomputer or a logic circuit.

Further, in the embodiment, the torque shift range and the speed shift range are set as four sections each, but other numbers of sections may be set.

In summary, the combine harvester according to the present invention includes a device 23 for detecting the rotational speed N of the engine 14 that drives the threshing device 10 and the traveling device 13, a device 22 for detecting the driving torque T of the threshing device 10, and a device for detecting the vehicle speed. 24. Standard threshing drive torque T ₀
a device 26 for changeably setting the engine 1;
A device 25 for setting a reference engine rotation speed N ₀ of No. 4, a plurality of engine rotation speed ranges N ₁ , N ₂ , N _divided at set speed intervals ΔN toward lower speeds based on the reference engine rotation speed N 0 . ₃ , N ₄ and a plurality of threshing drive torque ranges T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ , T ₄ divided into increasing and decreasing set torque intervals ΔT based on the reference threshing drive torque T _{0 .} A device 27 is provided for setting an appropriate balance relationship between the threshing device 10 and the engine 14 so that the larger the torque range, the larger the speed range. In order to maintain the rotational speed N within the torque range and speed range that have the appropriate balance relationship, the vehicle speed control mechanism 28 that automatically increases or decelerates the traveling transmission 17 based on information from each of the detection devices is set to the maximum speed. The threshing drive torque setting device 26 and the vehicle speed control mechanism 28 are provided in a state where the speed can be changed and set, and as the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ is changed and set to a large extent,
The maximum speed of shifting is set to high speed, and
The present invention is characterized in that a mechanism 37 is provided which is linked so that as the standard threshing drive torque T ₀ is changed to a smaller value, the maximum speed of the shift is changed to a lower value.

In other words, as the vehicle speed increases, the amount of grain culm reaped per unit time increases, and the driving torque T of the threshing device 10 increases, which causes the rotational speed N of the engine 14 to decrease. Considering that N changes not only due to fluctuations in the drive torque T of the threshing device 10 but also due to fluctuations in the drive torque of the traveling device 13, a plurality of engine rotational speed ranges N ₁ ... and a plurality of threshing The drive torque range T ₁ ... is set in such a manner that the larger the torque range corresponds to the larger speed range, and the drive torque T of the thresher 10 and the rotation of the engine 14 are Since the vehicle speed is automatically changed so as to maintain the speed N within the torque range and speed range having the above-mentioned appropriate balance relationship, the standard threshing drive torque is adjusted according to the lodging condition of the grain culm, the moisture condition, the granulation condition, etc. By setting T ₀ properly,
Regardless of the conditions of the grain culm, it has become possible to work while applying a load as large as possible within the allowable range to the engine 14 and applying a load as large as possible within the allowable range to the threshing device 10. On the other hand, in general, if the planted grain culm is in a state of low lodging and is dry, the entanglement of the grain culms and the amount of grains attached are relatively small, so that raising is carried out at high speed and threshing is carried out. Even if the threshing is done with force, it is difficult to tear or damage the grains, so it is better to run the machine at high speed and set the threshing drive torque to a large value. If the culms are extremely lodging and damp, the culms will become entangled and the amount of grain will be large, so it is better to raise the grain at a low speed and avoid threshing with impact to prevent tearing and shedding. Alternatively, since grain damage is less likely to occur, it tends to be more advantageous to harvest in terms of quantity and quality by running the machine at a low speed and setting the threshing drive torque to a small value. In view of this, the interlocking mechanism 37 controls the threshing drive torque setting device 26 and the vehicle speed control mechanism 28 so that when the former 26 reaches a higher set torque, the latter 28 operates at a higher set speed. and when the former 26 is on the side of the smaller set torque, the latter 28 can be operated all at once so that it is on the side of the lower set speed, depending on the conditions of the grain culm to be harvested. Therefore, it has become possible to easily set the maximum gear shifting speed of the machine and the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ as described above. Therefore, regardless of the conditions of the grain culm, the engine power and threshing capacity can be used effectively to avoid waste, and the work can be carried out efficiently while preventing threshing defects and loss or damage of grains. became possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings illustrate an embodiment of the combine harvester according to the present invention, with Fig. 1 being a schematic side view, Fig. 2 being a transmission system diagram, Fig. 3 being a block diagram of the control system, and Fig. 4 showing the torque range and speed range. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating position of the operating tool. 10... threshing device, 13... traveling device, 14...
...Engine, 22...Torque detection device, 23...
Rotation speed detection device, 24...Vehicle speed detection device, 25
... Reference rotation speed setting device, 26 ... Torque setting device, 27 ... Balance setting device, 28 ... Vehicle speed control mechanism, 37 ... Linkage mechanism, N ... Engine rotation speed, N ₀ ... Reference rotation speed, T...torque,
T ₀ ...Reference torque, N ₁ ...N ₄ ...Speed range, T ₁ ...
...T ₄ ...Torque range, △N...Speed interval, △T...
...Torque interval.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A device 23 for detecting the rotational speed N of the engine 14 that drives the threshing device 10 and the traveling device 13, and a device 2 for detecting the driving torque T of the threshing device 10.
2. A device 24 for detecting vehicle speed, a device 26 for changeably setting the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ , a device 25 for setting the reference rotational speed N ₀ of the engine 14,
A plurality of engine rotational speed ranges N ₁ , N ₂ , N ₃ , N ₄ divided at set speed intervals △N toward lower speeds based on the reference engine rotational speed N 0 and the reference threshing drive torque _{T 0 are} defined. The proper balance relationship between the multiple threshing drive torque ranges T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ , and T ₄ divided into increasing and decreasing torque intervals △T based on the standard is determined by A device 27 is provided to set the speed range to correspond to a larger speed range, and the drive torque T of the threshing device 10 and the rotational speed N of the engine 14 are adjusted to the torque range in which the proper balance exists. A vehicle speed control mechanism 28 that automatically increases/decelerates the traveling transmission 17 based on information from each of the detection devices is provided so as to maintain the speed within the speed range. The drive torque setting device 26 and the vehicle speed control mechanism 28 are set so that as the standard threshing drive torque T ₀ is changed to a larger value, the maximum speed of the shift is changed to a higher value,
The combine harvester is further provided with a mechanism 37 that is linked so that the maximum speed of the shift is changed to a lower speed as the standard threshing drive torque T ₀ is changed to a smaller value.