JPS6342270B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that automatically plays a counter melody tone as an additional tone, and particularly to an electronic musical instrument that automatically plays a counter melody tone as an additional tone. , relates to an electronic musical instrument that determines a new counter melody sound according to the priority order according to the chord type, and is capable of generating a counter melody sound that corresponds to the characteristics of the chord and is in harmony with the progression of the song. It is. Conventionally, an electronic musical instrument that automatically plays a counter melody tone along with accompaniment chords was developed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 52-72213.
There is something disclosed in the publication No. The electronic musical instrument disclosed in this publication selects one of the constituent tones of an accompaniment chord when a chord changes, and produces the same note as a countermelody tone. However, because one of the constituent notes of the chord is simply selected, a constituent note that is not in harmony with the flow of the song related to the characteristics of the chord being played may be selected, resulting in a counter that is musically undesirable. The drawback was that melody sounds were pronounced. This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its purpose is to provide an electronic musical instrument that can automatically play countermelody sounds that are rich in musicality and are in harmony with the flow of the song related to the characteristics of the chords being played. Our goal is to provide the following. To this end, the present invention selects one of the chord constituent notes (and notes having a predetermined interval relationship with the melody note) in accordance with the priority order corresponding to the chord type, and selects the same note note as the selected note in the counter. This is designed to be generated as a melody sound. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on illustrated embodiments. In the embodiment, this invention is applied to the case where a counter melody tone is determined when a melody tone is also specified when a chord is specified. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall configuration of an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. In the figure, the keyboard section 10 includes an upper keyboard 10A, a lower keyboard 10B, and a pedal keyboard 10C. Normally, the upper keyboard 10A is used for playing melodies, and the lower keyboard 10B is used for playing accompaniment (chords). Also, near this keyboard section 10, there is a finger chord mode selection switch for selecting whether automatic bass chord performance is performed in finger chord mode or single finger mode, and a switch that generates a counter melody sound. An operator circuit 11 is provided which includes a counter melody control mode switch for controlling whether or not the melody is played, and operators for controlling the timbre, volume, etc. of musical tones corresponding to the pressed keys on each keyboard. The on/off state of each pressed key in the keyboard section 10 and the on/off state of each operator in the operator circuit 11
The off state or operation state quantity is determined by the arithmetic processing unit 1.
It is detected by sequential scanning of the scanning circuit 13 according to the control of No. 2. When a key that is in the on state is detected through this sequential scanning, the key code KC representing this key is
is normally stored in a storage area for each keyboard in the working memory 14 for musical tones. Furthermore, when an operator that is in an on state is detected, flag information indicating the on state of this operator is stored in a storage area for each keyboard of the control data working memory 18, and is also set as an analog quantity. Operation state quantities such as volume controls are converted into digital values and then stored in storage areas for each keyboard. In this case, the key code KC representing a key on each keyboard is composed of an octave code OC representing an octave range and a note code NC representing a pitch name, as shown in Table 1.

【table】

[Table] By sequentially scanning keys and controls, if a key or control that was in the on state until the previous scan was in the off state in the current scan, this key or control is Representing key code KC
Or the flag information is deleted. Therefore, the normal musical tone memory 14 contains a key code KC representing the latest pressed key on each keyboard, and the control data working memory 18 contains the latest on/off status and operation state quantity of each operator. Control data will always be stored. In this way working memory 14 and 1
Of the key code KC and control data stored in 8, the former is separated by keyboard and stored in buffer memory 15 for the upper keyboard (UKB) and buffer memory 15 for the lower keyboard (LKB).
buffer memory 16 and buffer memory 17 for pedal keyboard (PKB). In this case, when the finger code mode selection switch in the operator circuit 11 selects the finger code mode, the key codes KC for all keys pressed on the lower keyboard 10B are transferred to the lower keyboard buffer memory 16. Ru. However, when the single finger mode is selected, the key code KC representing one key pressed on the lower keyboard 10B is transferred to the buffer memory 16 as data for producing the root note, and this root note is also transferred to the buffer memory 16 as data for producing the root note. A plurality of key codes KC for generating the remaining chord constituent tones (subordinate tones) are read out from the constant memory 20 and transferred to the buffer memory 16 with reference to the key code KC corresponding to the key code KC. On the other hand, control data representing the on/off state and operation state quantity of each operator is transferred to the control data buffer memory 15. The key code KC representing the pressed key on each keyboard transferred and stored in each buffer memory 15 to 17 is transmitted to the tone generator 21 for the upper keyboard (UKB) and the tone generator 22 for the lower keyboard (LKB) provided for each keyboard. , is transferred to the pedal keyboard (PKB) tone generator 23. at the same time,
The control data stored in the control data buffer memory 19 is separated for each keyboard and sent to each tone generator 21-23. As a result, the upper keyboard tone generator 21 generates the key code KC representing the pressed key on the upper keyboard 10A and the upper keyboard 1
A corresponding musical tone is formed based on control data such as timbre and volume related to 0A, and the sound system 2
Make it sound as a melody sound starting from 4. The tone generator 22 for the lower keyboard also generates key codes KC representing pressed keys or chord constituent notes on the lower keyboard 10B, and tones related to the lower keyboard 10B.
A corresponding musical tone is formed based on control data such as volume, and is produced as an accompaniment tone (chord) from the sound system 24. Further, the tone generator 23 for the pedal keyboard has a key code KC representing a pressed key on the pedal keyboard 10C, and a tone generator 23 for the pedal keyboard 10C.
A corresponding musical tone is formed based on control data such as timbre and volume related to 0C, and the sound system 2
From 4 onwards, it will be pronounced as a bass note. Note that each of these tone generators 21 to 2
3 is a waveform memory readout method, a harmonic synthesis method,
It is constructed using a known musical tone forming method such as a frequency modulation method. The formation of musical tones by normal performance on the keyboard section 10 is performed under the control of the arithmetic processing unit 12 according to the program for normal musical tone formation stored in advance in the program memory 25 as described above. In addition to this, the lower keyboard 1
Depending on the performance state (specified state) of the accompaniment note (chord) played (designated) on 0B and the performance state of the melody played on the upper keyboard 10A, the melody note is in a harmonious relationship with the melody note and changes in the accompaniment note. A program for forming a counter melody sound that changes smoothly and slowly in conjunction with each other is stored in advance. Then, each time the chord constituent notes played on the lower keyboard 10B (keys corresponding to the root note in single finger mode) change according to this counter melody sound forming program, a counter melody sound is generated. The key code KC to be played is determined and transferred to buffer memory 28 for counter melody (CML).
The key code KC corresponding to this counter melody tone is the tone generator 21 for the upper keyboard.
is supplied to Then, the tone generator 21
forms a counter melody sound together with a melody sound corresponding to the pressed key on the upper keyboard 10A and causes the sound system 24 to generate the counter melody sound. Note that the counter melody tone is generated in the G1 to G2 tone range. In order to form this counter melody tone, the constant memory 20 stores information on whether or not the chord structure played (designated) on the lower keyboard 10B has a musically determined regular structure. A chord code detection table for checking the chord name for each chord, and various tables for determining counter melody tones according to various specified states of chords are stored in advance. In addition, working memory 2 for counter melody
6 contains Tables 2 and 3 for exclusively using the storage area to form counter melody sounds.
Various registers and flag registers are prepared as shown in the table. Furthermore, chord specification operations (accompaniment note performance operations)
A timer 27 is provided for measuring the time interval until the first melody performance operation following the melody. Furthermore, the arithmetic processing unit 12 is provided with registers and flag registers as shown in Table 4 below.

【table】

【table】

【table】

【table】

【table】

[Table] FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the main routine for forming a normal performer and counter melody sound.・Off state etc. are detected by sequential scanning. The key code KC of the pressed key detected by this state detection process and the control data indicating the on/off state of the operator are stored in the normal musical tone working memory 14 and the control data working memory 18, as described above. Ru. In addition, in this step 100, the key code KC and control data detected in the previous sequential scan,
The key code KC detected in this sequential scan and the control data are compared to determine whether the pressed keys for melody sounds on the upper keyboard 10A have changed or not, and the designated state of chords on the lower keyboard 10B (the pressed keys for accompaniment sounds) It is detected whether the state of the keys) is changing, whether the pressed key for the bass sound on the pedal keyboard 10C is changing, and whether the state of the operator in the operator circuit 11 is changing. . As a result of this state change detection (event detection), if it is an event in which the specified state of the chord on the lower keyboard 10B has changed, that is, a chord event, then after receiving the determination of "Manipulator event?" in step 101, the step The process advances to step 103, in which it is detected whether the chord structure specified on the lower keyboard 10B is a predetermined regular structure. That is, it is detected whether or not it is established as a regular chord chord.
In addition to detecting whether this chord code is established or not, the name of the chord that is established as a regular chord code is detected. Furthermore, in this step 103, if the single finger mode is selected as the chord designation method, the one key pressed on the lower keyboard 10B is determined to correspond to the root note, and The key code KC corresponding to the sound is constant memory 20
Read from The key code KC corresponding to the subordinate note is stored in the storage area corresponding to the lower keyboard 10B of the working memory 14 together with the key code KC corresponding to the root note. Detection of whether or not a chord code is established and the chord name are performed as follows. First of all, in this example, among the musically determined chord types, the major (M), seventh (7th), major seventh (M7), minor (m), minor seventh (m7), minor Seventh flat five (m7-5), augmentation (Aug), diminution (dim), six (6)
Regarding the nine types of chord names, a total of 108 types of chord names whose root notes are each of the 12 notes C to B are set as detected pairs.
The constituent tones of these chords are not only musically determined constituent tones, but also allow for some modified configurations. For example, for chords with note C as the root note, all configurations shown in FIG. 3 are accepted as regular configurations, and are considered to have been designated as regular chords. Therefore, in order to detect chord names having such a configuration, the constant memory 20 stores in advance a chord detection table for each note of C to B, which is a reference chord configuration that should be recognized as a regular chord. For example, for nine types of chord configurations with note C as the root note, the standard chord configurations are stored as numerical data as shown in Table 5.

[Table] In Table 5, the vertical column shows chord types such as Major (M), and the horizontal column shows C to B indicated by serial numbers "0 to B" (in hexadecimal).
The number "1" written in the intersecting column indicates that the note exists in the standard chord constituent notes. For example, as shown in Figure 3, the chord structure of C major (CM) is as follows: (a) "do" (b) "do", "mi" (c) "do", "so" (d ) Since the four structures "do", "mi", and "so" are recognized as regular chord structures, (a) "100000000000" (b) "100010000000" (c) "100000010000" (d) The standard chord structure is shown by the numerical data "100010010000". Therefore, when a chord is specified on the lower keyboard 10B, the bit position of the number (0 to B) corresponding to each note of the specified chord is set to "1".
By comparing the chord specification data of the bit with the standard chord structure data for each root note read out sequentially from the chord detection table, the chord structure specified on the lower keyboard 10B is established as a regular chord structure. It is possible to detect whether or not a chord name is present, and to which chord name the structure corresponds. Data indicating the chord name, chord type, and key code indicating the chord constituent notes detected in this way
KC is stored in the counter melody working memory 26 together with a key code KC indicating the root note. In this case, since the chord constituent notes specified on the lower keyboard 10B are stored in the normal musical tone working memory 18 as the corresponding key code KC, note codes are used to detect chord names as described above. Processing is performed to convert only the NC portion into a series of numerical numbers "0 to B". This conversion process is performed using a note code conversion table as shown in Table 6, which is stored in the constant memory 20 in advance.

[Table] In this way, when the occurrence of a chord event is detected, processing is performed to determine whether the chord code is established, processing to detect the chord name, and processing to read the key code corresponding to the subordinate note (single finger mode) is performed. When these processes are completed, the process proceeds to step 104, where the chord key code KC stored in the normal tone working memory 14 is transferred to the lower keyboard buffer memory 16. As a result, the tone generator 22
, a chord corresponding to the chord structure specified on the lower keyboard 10B is formed. However, if a melody event occurs in which the pressed key for melody performance has changed, rather than the occurrence of a chord event or a controller event, the process in step 103 is not performed, and the latest pressed key for melody performance is changed. The key code KC representing ``1'' is transferred to the buffer memory 15 in step 104. As a result, the tone generator 21
, a melody sound corresponding to this latest key code KC is formed. Thereafter, in step 105, it is determined whether or not the counter melody control mode switch has selected a mode in which a counter melody sound is to be generated. As a result of the determination, if the counter melody mode is not selected, the process returns to step 100, ``key and operator state detection process'', and the same process is repeated. However, as a result of the state detection processing in step 100, if it is detected that the operating state of the operator has changed, that is, if the occurrence of an operator event is detected, the process branches from step 101 to step 106, where the control Control data indicating the latest on/off state and operation state quantity of each operator stored in the data working memory 18 is transferred to the control data buffer memory 9. As a result, in each of the tone generators 21 to 23, the timbre, volume, etc. of musical tones are controlled by the newest control data. Further, in this step 106, the operator circuit 11
The on/off state of the counter melody control mode switch provided at The process proceeds to "Flag Set", where the first start flags STRT1 and FLG are set, and then returns to the state detection process of step 100. In other words, if the counter melody control mode switch is in the ON state, this instructs that from now on, every time a melody event or a chord event occurs, a counter melody tone should be formed as well as a normal musical tone (melody tone, chord). After setting the first start flag STRT1/FLG,
Return to step 100. However, if the counter melody control mode switch is in the OFF state, the process returns directly from step 107 to step 100, and thereafter only the normal process for forming musical tones is repeated. The counter melody control mode switch is turned on, and the first start flag is turned on.
After STRT1/FLG is set, if no operator event, melody event, or chord event occurs, the process flow goes to step 100→
It cycles from 105 to 100 and enters a waiting state. However, after this, when either a melody event or a chord event occurs, it is already known from the first start flag STRT1/FLG that the mode is for forming a counter melody sound, so the judgment in step 105 is made. Based on this, the process moves on to the counter melody sound formation processing that continues after step 109. In this case, the first start flag STRT1・
As will be clear from the explanation below, FLG is reset at the stage when the counter melody tone formation process corresponding to the first melody event or chord event that occurs after the flag STRT1/FLG is set is completed. It's summery. Therefore, the first event that occurs after the flags STRT1 and FLG are set means that the event corresponds to the beginning of the entire song to which the counter melody sound is added. In other words, the first start flag STRT1.FLG indicates that the melody event or chord event that occurs after the flag STRT1.FLG is set is an event corresponding to the beginning of the song. It goes without saying that before proceeding from step 105 to step 109, chord chord detection processing in step 103 and normal musical tone formation processing in step 104 are performed. In the counter melody tone forming process, first, in step 109, the lowest note of the melody tones is detected. That is, in this embodiment, the melody sound is configured to be sounded in the range of G# ₂ to _{C 6} , but due to its nature, it is desirable for the counter melody sound to be sounded in a lower range than the melody sound. First, the lowest note of the melody tones is detected. The lowest note of the melody tones is detected by mutually comparing the key codes KC of the pressed keys on the upper keyboard 10A. Then, the key code KC indicating the lowest note is temporarily stored in the counter melody working memory 26. In the following, the lowest note of the melody tones will simply be referred to as the melody tone. Next, in the "key code conversion process" of step 110, the key codes KC corresponding to each of the melody notes, chord constituent notes, and root notes are converted into key numbers.
Converted to KN. The key number KN, which is the conversion result, is stored in the melody key number register MLKN1 _R provided in the counter melody working memory 26, the chord constituent tone key number register LKKNI _R ~ LKKNV _R , and the first chord root key number register. Stored in CDRT1 _R. The key number KN is "0-60" assigned to keys in the range C1-C6 in order as shown in Table 7 below.
is the numerical value.

【table】

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An electronic musical instrument having a chord specifying means for specifying a chord and a chord forming means for forming a musical tone corresponding to the specified chord, the type of chord specified by the chord specifying means. chord type detection means for detecting a new chord specified by the chord specification means; and chord specification detection means for detecting that a chord has been newly specified by the chord specification means; One note is selected according to a priority order that differs depending on the chord type, and the same note note as the selected constituent note is determined as an additional note, and the selection is made based on the chord type detected by the chord type detection means. additional note determining means for determining the additional note in accordance with the priority order corresponding to the additional note, and determining the additional note each time a new chord designation is detected by the chord designation detection means; An electronic musical instrument comprising: additional tone musical tone forming means for forming a musical tone corresponding to the determined additional tone. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the additional sound is a counter melody sound. 3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the additional sound determined by the additional sound determining means limits the tonal range to a desired range. 4. In an electronic musical instrument having a chord specifying means for specifying a chord and a chord forming means for forming a musical tone corresponding to the specified chord, chord type detection for detecting the type of chord specified by the chord specifying means. a chord designation detection means for detecting that a chord has been newly designated by the chord designation means; and a chord designation detection means for detecting that a chord has been newly designated by the chord designation means; The selection is made according to the order of priority and the same note as the selected constituent note is determined as an additional note, and the selection is made in the order of priority corresponding to the chord type detected by the chord type detecting means and the previous note. additional note determining means that targets constituent notes within a predetermined pitch from the determined additional note, and determines the additional note each time a new chord designation is detected by the chord designation detection means; An electronic musical instrument comprising: additional tone musical tone forming means for forming a musical tone corresponding to the additional tone determined by the tone determining means. 5 Melody sound designation means for designating a melody sound, melody sound formation means for forming a musical sound corresponding to the designated melody sound, chord designation means for designating a chord, and forming a musical sound corresponding to the designated chord. a chord type detecting means for detecting the type of chord specified by the chord specifying means; and a chord type detecting means for detecting that a chord is newly specified by the chord specifying means. a chord designation detection means; and one of the constituent tones of the chord designated by the chord designation means and one of the sounds having a predetermined interval relationship with the melody sound designated by the melody sound designation means, by chord type. If the selection is made according to different priorities and the same note as the selected note is determined as an additional note, the selection is made according to the priority order corresponding to the chord type detected by the chord type detection means. and determining the additional note each time a new chord designation is detected by the chord designation detection means; an electronic musical instrument comprising additional tone musical tone forming means for forming a musical tone. 6. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 5, wherein the additional sound is a counter melody sound. 7. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 5, wherein the tones having a predetermined interval relationship with the melody tone are tones having a 3rd and 6th degree relationship with the melody tone. 8. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 5, wherein the additional sound determined by the additional sound determining means limits the range to a desired range. 9 Melody sound designation means for designating a melody sound, melody sound formation means for forming a musical sound corresponding to the designated melody sound, chord designation means for designating a chord, and forming a musical sound corresponding to the designated chord. a chord type detecting means for detecting the type of chord specified by the chord specifying means; and a chord type detecting means for detecting that a chord is newly specified by the chord specifying means. a chord designation detection means; and one of the constituent tones of the chord designated by the chord designation means and one of the sounds having a predetermined interval relationship with the melody sound designated by the melody sound designation means, by chord type. If the selection is made according to different priorities and the same note as the selected note is determined as an additional note, the selection is made in the priority order corresponding to the chord type detected by the chord type detection means and additional note determining means that targets notes within a predetermined pitch from a previously determined additional note, and determines the additional note each time a new chord designation is detected by the chord designation detection means; An electronic musical instrument comprising additional tone musical tone forming means for forming a musical tone corresponding to the additional tone determined by the tone determining means.