JPS6342273B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that automatically plays a counter melody sound as an additional sound, and in particular, when selecting and determining a new counter melody sound from among chord constituent sounds for accompaniment, the invention takes into account the harmony with the melody sound. The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of automatically playing a counter melody tone that harmonizes with the melody tone and changes smoothly by selecting component tones with pitches as close as possible to the previous counter melody tone. Conventionally, an electronic musical instrument that automatically plays a counter melody tone along with accompaniment chords was developed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 52-72213.
There is something disclosed in the publication No. The electronic musical instrument disclosed in this publication selects one of the constituent tones of an accompaniment chord when a chord changes, and produces the same note as a countermelody tone. By the way, the counter melody sound is originally in harmony with the melody sound, and the pitch changes smoothly and slowly as the melody sound progresses, and the overall tendency is to change with undulations.
This modifies the melody sound so that it can be heard as a rich performance sound with depth and spaciousness. However, since conventional electronic musical instruments simply select one of the notes that make up the chord, they may not be able to harmonize with the melody note, or there may be a large pitch difference between the previous countermelody note and the new countermelody note. The problem was that it sometimes became too loud, disrupting the flow of the song. The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its object is to provide an electronic musical instrument that can automatically play a counter melody tone that harmonizes with the melody tone and has smooth pitch changes. For this purpose, the present invention determines a counter melody note corresponding to the constituent notes of the chord each time a chord is specified. In addition to selecting the first constituent note with the closest pitch toward the specified melody note (or lower pitch side), it is determined whether or not this first constituent note has a discordant pitch relationship with the specified melody note. When the result indicates that there is no aharmonic pitch relationship, the same note as the first constituent note is determined as a new counter melody tone, and (b) the above discrimination result indicates that there is a nonharmonic pitch relationship. When indicating a chord, select the second constituent note of the chord with the pitch closest to the previous countermelody note towards the bass side (or treble side), and create a new note that is the same as this second constituent note. The counter melody sound is determined as a counter melody sound. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall configuration of an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. In the figure, the keyboard section 10 includes an upper keyboard 10A, a lower keyboard 10B, and a petal keyboard 10C. Normally, the upper keyboard 10A is used for melody performance, and the lower keyboard 10B is used for accompaniment (chord) performance. Also, near this keyboard section 10, there is a finger chord mode selection switch for selecting whether automatic bass chord performance is performed in finger chord mode or single finger mode, and a switch that generates a counter melody sound. An operator circuit 11 is provided, which includes a counter melody control mode switch for controlling whether or not the melody is played, and operators for controlling the tone, volume, etc. of musical tones corresponding to the pressed keys on each keyboard. The on/off state of each pressed key in the keyboard section 10 and the on/off state of each operator in the operator circuit 11
The off state or operation state quantity is determined by the arithmetic processing unit 1.
It is detected by sequential scanning of the scanning circuit 13 according to the control of No. 2. When a key that is in the on state is detected through this sequential scanning, the key code KC representing this key is
is normally stored in a storage area for each keyboard in the working memory 14 for musical tones. Furthermore, when an operator that is in an on state is detected, flag information indicating the on state of this operator is stored in a storage area for each keyboard of the control data working memory 18, and is also set as an analog quantity. Operation state quantities such as volume controls are converted into digital values and then stored in storage areas for each keyboard. In this case, the key code KC representing a key on each keyboard is composed of an octave code OC representing an octave range and a note code NC representing a pitch name, as shown in Table 1.

【table】

【table】

[Table] By sequentially scanning keys and controls, if a key or control that was in the on state until the previous scan was in the off state in the current scan, this key or control is Representing key code KC
Or the flag information is deleted. Therefore, the normal musical tone memory 14 contains a key code KC representing the latest pressed key on each keyboard, and the control data working memory 18 contains the latest on/off status and operation state quantity of each operator. Control data will always be stored. In this way working memory 14 and 1
Of the key code KC and control data stored in 8, the former is separated by keyboard and stored in buffer memory 15 for the upper keyboard (UKB) and buffer memory 15 for the lower keyboard (LKB).
buffer memory 16 and buffer memory 17 for pedal keyboard (PKB). In this case, when the finger code mode selection switch in the operator circuit 11 selects the finger code mode, the key codes KC for all keys pressed on the lower keyboard 10B are transferred to the lower keyboard buffer memory 16. Ru. However, when the single finger mode is selected, the key code KC representing one key pressed on the lower keyboard 10B is transferred to the buffer memory 16 as data for producing the root note, and this root note is also transferred to the buffer memory 16 as data for producing the root note. A plurality of key codes KC for generating the remaining chord constituent tones (subordinate tones) are read out from the constant memory 20 and transferred to the buffer memory 16 with reference to the key code KC corresponding to the key code KC. On the other hand, control data representing the on/off state and operation state quantity of each operator is transferred to the control data buffer memory 19. The key code KS representing the pressed key on each keyboard transferred and stored in each buffer memory 15 to 17 is transmitted to the tone generator 21 for the upper keyboard (UKB) and the tone generator 22 for the lower keyboard (LKB) provided for each keyboard. , and is transferred to the pedal keyboard (PKB) tone generator 23. at the same time,
The control data stored in the control data buffer memory 19 is separated for each keyboard and sent to each tone generator 21-23. As a result, the upper keyboard tone generator 21 generates the key code KC representing the pressed key on the upper keyboard 10A and the upper keyboard 1
A corresponding musical tone is formed based on control data such as timbre and volume related to 0A, and the sound system 2
Make it sound as a melody sound starting from 4. The lower keyboard tone generator 22 also generates key codes KC representing pressed keys or chord constituent notes on the lower keyboard 10B, and tones related to the lower keyboard 10B.
A corresponding musical tone is formed based on control data such as volume, and is produced as an accompaniment tone (chord) from the sound system 24. Further, the tone generator 23 for the pedal keyboard has a key code KC representing a pressed key on the pedal keyboard 10C, and a tone generator 23 for the pedal keyboard 10C.
A corresponding musical tone is formed based on control data such as timbre and volume related to 0C, and the sound system 2
From 4 onwards, it will be pronounced as a bass note. Note that each of these tone generators 21 to 2
3 is a waveform memory readout method, a harmonic synthesis method,
It is constructed using a known musical tone forming method such as a frequency modulation method. The formation of musical tones by normal performance on the keyboard section 10 is performed under the control of the arithmetic processing unit 12 according to the program for normal musical tone formation stored in advance in the program memory 25 as described above. In addition to this, the lower keyboard 1
Depending on the performance state (specified state) of the accompaniment note (chord) played (designated) on 0B and the performance state of the melody played on the upper keyboard 10A, the melody note is in a harmonious relationship with the melody note and changes in the accompaniment note. A program for forming a counter melody sound that changes smoothly and slowly in conjunction with each other is stored in advance. Then, each time the chord constituent notes played on the lower keyboard 10B (keys corresponding to the root note in single finger mode) change according to this counter melody sound forming program, a counter melody sound is generated. The key code KC to be played is determined and transferred to the counter melody (CML) buffer memory 28. Then, the key code KC corresponding to this counter melody tone is supplied to the upper keyboard tone generator 21. Then, the tone generator 21 forms a counter melody sound together with the melody sound corresponding to the pressed key on the upper keyboard 10A, and causes the sound system 24 to generate the counter melody sound. Note that the counter melody sound is produced in the G ₁ to G ₂ sound range. In addition, working memory 2 for counter melody
6 contains Tables 2 and 3 for exclusively using the storage area to form counter melody sounds.
Various registers and flag registers are prepared as shown in the table. Furthermore, the arithmetic processing unit 12 is provided with registers and flag registers as shown in Table 4 below.

【table】

【table】

【table】

[Table] FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the main routine for forming normal performance sounds and counter melody sounds.・Off state etc. are detected by sequential scanning. The key code KC of the pressed key detected by this state detection process and the control data indicating the on/off state of the operator are stored in the normal musical tone working memory 14 and the control data working memory 18, as described above. Ru. In addition, in this step 100, the key code KC and control data detected in the previous sequential scan,
The key code KC detected in this sequential scan and the control data are compared to determine whether the pressed keys for melody sounds on the upper keyboard 10A have changed or not, and the designated state of chords on the lower keyboard 10B (the pressed keys for accompaniment sounds) It is detected whether the state of the keys) is changing, whether the pressed key for the bass sound on the pedal keyboard 10C is changing, and whether the state of the operator in the operator circuit 11 is changing. . As a result of this state change detection (event detection), if it is an event in which the designated state of the chord on the lower keyboard 10B has changed, that is, a chord event, the "Manipulator event?" step 101 and the "chord event" step 102 are performed. ?", the process advances to step 103, and only if the single finger mode is selected as the chord designation method, one key pressed on the lower keyboard 10B is changed to the one corresponding to the root note. The key code KC corresponding to the subordinate note for this root note is stored in constant memory 2.
Read from 0. The key code KC corresponding to the subordinate note is stored in the storage area corresponding to the lower keyboard 10B of the working memory 14 together with the key code KC corresponding to the root note. In this manner, when the occurrence of a chord event is detected, the key code corresponding to the subordinate note is read out (only in the single finger mode).
When these processes are completed, step 104
At this point, the chord key code KC stored in the normal tone working memory 14 is transferred to the lower keyboard buffer memory 16. As a result, in the tone generator 22, the lower keyboard 1
A chord corresponding to the chord structure specified by 0B is formed. However, if a melody event occurs in which the pressed key for melody performance has changed, rather than the occurrence of a chord event or a controller event, the process in step 103 is not performed, and the latest pressed key for melody performance is changed. The key code KC representing ``1'' is transferred to the buffer memory 15 in step 104. As a result, the tone generator 21
, a melody sound corresponding to this latest key code KC is formed. Thereafter, in step 105, it is determined whether or not the counter melody control mode switch has selected a mode in which a counter melody sound is to be generated. As a result of the determination, if the counter melody mode is not selected, the process returns to step 100, ``key and operator state detection process'', and the same process is repeated. However, as a result of the state detection processing in step 100, if it is detected that the operating state of the operator has changed, that is, if the occurrence of an operator event is detected, the process branches from step 101 to step 106, where the control Control data indicating the latest on/off state and operation state quantity of each operator stored in the data working memory 18 is transferred to the control data buffer memory 19. As a result, in each of the tone generators 21 to 23, the timbre, volume, etc. of musical tones are controlled by the newest control data. Further, in this step 106, the operator circuit 11
The on/off state of the counter melody control mode switch provided at Proceed to the "Flag Set" process and set the start flag here.
After setting STRT1/FLG, step 100
Return to the state detection process. In other words, if the counter melody control mode switch is in the ON state, from then on, every time a chord event occurs, a normal musical tone (melody tone, chord) will be played.
The start flag STRT1/FLG is used to instruct that a counter melody sound should also be formed at the same time as the formation of the
After setting, the process returns to step 100. However, if the counter melody control mode switch is in the OFF state, the process returns directly from step 107 to step 100, and thereafter only the normal process for forming musical tones is repeated. The counter melody control mode switch is turned on, and the start flag STRT1/
After the FLG is set, if no operator event, melody event, or chord event occurs, the process flow goes to steps 100 → 105 →
It cycles through 100 and enters a standby state. However, after this, when either a melody event or a chord event occurs, it is already known from the start flags STRT1 and FLG that the mode is to form a counter melody sound, and therefore, based on the judgment in step 105, step 1 is started.
The process moves on to the counter melody sound formation process that continues after 09. In this case, the start flag STRT1/FLG is
As is clear from the explanation below, the flag
It is reset at the stage when the counter melody tone forming process corresponding to the first melody event or chord event that occurs after STRT1/FLG is set is completed. Therefore, the first event that occurs after the flags STRT1 and FLG are set means that the event corresponds to the beginning of the entire song to which the counter melody sound is added. In other words, the start flag STRT1/FLG is the start flag STRT1/FLG.
This indicates that the melody event or chord event that occurs after the set of is an event that corresponds to the beginning of the song. It goes without saying that before proceeding from step 105 to step 109, the subtone key code generation process of step 103 and the normal musical tone formation process of step 104 are performed. In the counter melody tone forming process, first, in step 109, the lowest note of the melody tones is detected. That is, in this embodiment, the melody sound is configured to be sounded in the range of G# ₂ to _{C 6} , but due to its nature, it is desirable for the counter melody sound to be sounded in a lower range than the melody sound. First, the lowest note of the melody tones is detected. The lowest note of the melody tones is detected by mutually comparing the key codes KC of the pressed keys on the upper keyboard 10A. Then, the key code KC indicating the lowest note is temporarily stored in the counter melody working memory 26. In the following, the lowest note of the melody tones will simply be referred to as the melody tone. Next, in the "key code conversion process" of step 110, the key code KC corresponding to each of the melody notes and the chord constituent notes is converted into a key number KN. The key number KN, which is the conversion result, is stored in the melody key number register MLKN1 _R provided in the counter melody working memory 26, and the chord constituent note key number register.
Stored in LKKNI _R ~ LKKNV _R. The key number KN is a numerical value from 0 to 60 that is sequentially assigned to keys in the range C ₁ to C ₆ as shown in Table 5 below.

【table】

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A melody sound specifying means for specifying a melody note, a melody tone forming means for forming a musical tone corresponding to the specified melody note, a chord specifying means for specifying a chord, and a melody note specifying means for forming a musical tone corresponding to the specified melody note; an electronic musical instrument having a chord forming means for forming a corresponding musical tone; a chord designation detection means for detecting that a chord has been newly designated by the chord designation means; and an additional sound memory for storing a previous additional sound. means, each time a new chord designation is detected by the chord designation detection means, determining an additional note corresponding to the constituent tones of the chord designated by the chord designation means, (a) Among the constituent tones of the chord, select the first constituent note whose pitch is closest to the treble side (or bass side) from the previous additional tone stored in the additional note storage means; It is determined whether or not the constituent tones of No. 1 have an aharmonic pitch relationship with the melody tone specified by the melody tone specifying means, and when the result of this discrimination indicates that there is no aharmonic pitch relationship, the above-mentioned (b) If the above discrimination result indicates that there is an aharmonic interval relationship, the same note as the constituent note of the chord is determined as a new additional note. additional sound determining means for performing a process of selecting a second constituent note having the closest pitch toward the bass side (or treble side) and determining the same note note as the second constituent note as a new additional note; an electronic musical instrument comprising additional tone musical tone forming means for forming a musical tone corresponding to the additional tone determined by the additional tone determining means. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the additional sound is a counter melody sound. 3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the additional sound determining means limits the range of the additional sound within a desired range.