JPS6339688B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for producing a mixed fiber multifilament suitable for use in woven or knitted fabrics that is soft, stiff and has tension. Woven and knitted fabrics obtained from fine-grained multi-filament yarns exhibit a soft touch and feel, but lack elasticity and tension; however, as the filament fineness increases, the opposite characteristics become stronger, resulting in softness and elasticity. BACKGROUND ART Mixed yarns with fine and thick fineness are widely used as multifilament yarns for woven and knitted fabrics. Techniques for manufacturing such mixed fiber yarns include spinning filaments with different finenesses in advance and mixing them into drawn yarn, or spinning and drawing and then mixing the filaments. A method of simultaneously spinning filaments having a number of filaments to form a mixed yarn is advantageous in terms of cost and is practiced on an industrial scale. However, the degree of fineness of mixed fiber yarn that can be stably produced using the simultaneous spinning method is about 3 times or less in terms of fineness ratio, and as the fineness ratio increases beyond this, yarn breakage during spinning and drawing increases. The resulting drawn yarn has the disadvantage that a lot of sagging occurs;
Furthermore, if an attempt is made to mix ultrafine yarns of 1 denier or less in the filaments constituting the mixed yarn, there is a drawback that yarn breakage tends to occur frequently during spinning and drawing. The following are attempts to obtain a mixed fiber yarn of filaments with different finenesses using composite spinning technology. JP-A No. 52-114772 discloses a technique in which the fineness of the segments forming the island components in a sea-island composite yarn is made different, and after the sea component is removed, the sea component is removed and a mixed fiber knitted fabric with different fineness is obtained. The composite filament has a large fineness and is not suitable for ordinary woven or knitted fabrics, and the composite spinneret is complicated. Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-37044 discloses a technique for changing the fineness between segments in a split-type composite yarn, but since each component is distributed asymmetrically within the cross section of the composite yarn, the shape of one segment,
In particular, there is no arbitrariness in the cross-sectional shape of segments with large fineness, the disadvantage that bending under the spinneret tends to occur during spinning, the disadvantage that coarse curl-like sagging tends to occur in drawn yarn, and the split components between each segment. Because the thickness is almost uniform, the segments, which should originally be separated and independent, tend to come into contact with each other after the divided components are removed. On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-5650 discloses a technology related to a blended yarn of high-shrinkage filaments and low-shrinkage split filaments, but a technology for producing a blended yarn that emphasizes the difference in fineness Furthermore, in this case as well, the boundaries between each segment and the divided components are linear, and there is a drawback that the segments, which should originally be separated and independent, tend to come into contact with each other after the divided components are removed. As explained above, in the conventional technology using composite spinning, there is no technology suitable for producing a mixed fiber yarn with a large difference in fineness.
We conducted studies to obtain a mixed multifilament yarn that is extremely suitable for use in taut woven and knitted fabrics, and arrived at the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a method for producing a mixed fiber yarn of a split type composite filament and a non-split type filament having a cross-sectional shape in which one component is divided into a plurality of pieces by the other component by a simultaneous spinning method. The ratio of the fineness of the split type composite filament to the fineness of the type filament is 0.8 or less,
This method of producing a mixed multifilament yarn is characterized in that there is substantially no linear portion at the boundary between one component and the other component in the split type composite filament. Hereinafter, the cross-sectional shape of the split type composite filament in the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. Figures 1 and 2 show typical cross sections of the split-type composite filament of the present invention.
The cross section shown in the figure is trilobal, with one component A and the other component B.
is divided into three parts, and the other component B includes three convex outer peripheries and occupies most of the convex parts,
The boundary between one component and the other component is curved. Second
The cross section shown in the figure is four-lobed, with one component A and the other component B.
is divided into four parts, and the other component B each includes four convex outer peripheral parts and occupies most of the convex parts,
The boundary between one component and the other component is curved. When one component is removed from these split composite filaments, the individual constituent segments of the other component are split with no or almost no change in the outer peripheral shape. If the boundary between one component and the other component is straight,
After removing one component, the individual constituent segments of the other component come into surface contact with each other and are not apparently divided, but tend to behave as if they were a single thread. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate straight parts. The mixed fiber multifilament yarn of the present invention is composed of the above-mentioned splittable composite filament and non-splitable filament, and is characterized in that the splittable composite filament has a fineness. In other words, by dividing a splittable composite filament whose fineness is finer than that of an undivided filament, the ratio Q of the fineness of the divided constituent segments to the fineness of the undivided filament can be made extremely small. The ratio R of the fineness of the splittable composite filament to the fineness of the non-dividable filament is required to be 0.8 or less in order to exhibit the characteristics of the present invention, and in order to obtain a mixed fiber multifilament yarn without sagging. Preferably, the ratio R is in the range of 0.8 to 0.3.
For example, if the ratio R is 0.5 and the number of divisions of the split-type composite filament is 4, the ratio Q will be approximately 1/8. If there is an extremely large difference in the fineness of the individual filaments of the multifilament yarns that make up the woven or knitted fabric, it is likely that irritation will occur due to differences in dyeing, differences in gloss, etc. As a mixed fiber multifilament yarn, it is possible to have three or more types of fineness configuration after division. In this case, the effect of the present invention is more likely to be exhibited by making the splittable composite filament finer as the number of splits increases. The effect is particularly remarkable when the undivided filament has an irregular cross section. The fineness of the non-split filament is 2 to 8 deniers in order to create a soft, firm and taut woven or knitted fabric.
The fineness of the constituent segments, which are extremely fine, is 2~
Preferably it is 0.3 denier, and the ratio Q is 0.3
A range of ~0.05 is preferred. Furthermore, the ratio of the number of non-split filaments to the total number of filaments of the mixed multifilament yarn is in the range of 0.2 to 0.6, and the ratio of the number of split type composite filaments to the total number of filaments of the mixed multifilament yarn is in the range of 0.2 to 0.6. It is preferably in the range of 0.4 to 0.8. The polymer forming the other component of the non-split filament and the split composite filament in the present invention is polyester, polyamide, polyolefin,
Any fiber-forming polymer such as polyacrylic may be used, but it must have good strength, heat resistance, dimensional stability, chemical resistance, etc. in terms of process passability for making woven and knitted fabrics and properties of woven and knitted fabrics. Polyester and polyamide, which have excellent properties, are preferably applicable. The polymers forming the other component of the unsplit filament and the split composite filament may be of different types, but the effects of the present invention can be sufficiently achieved even with the same polymer. The types of polyesters preferably used as the polymer forming the other component of the non-split filament and the split composite filament of the present invention include aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, and naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid. acid or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, or their esters and ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,
4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol,
It is a polyester synthesized from a diol compound such as cyclohexane-1,4-dimethinol, and particularly preferably a polyester in which 80 mol% or more of the structural units are ethylene terephthalate units. Further, polyalkylene glycol, pentaerythritol, methoxypolyalkylene glycol, bisphenol A, sulfoisophthalic acid, etc. may be added to or copolymerized with the above polyester component. However, when a metal sulfonate is contained, it is preferably 3 mol % or less based on the acid component contained in the polyester, and 3 mol % or more less than the amount of sulfonate in one component. In addition, polyamides that are preferably applied as the polymer forming the other component of the non-split filament and the split composite filament in the present invention include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 4, nylon 5, nylon 10, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 6-10, polyamide having an aromatic ring, polyamide having an alicyclic ring, polyamide having a heterocyclic ring,
This refers to polyamides having heteroatoms, copolymerized nylons, etc., and nylon 6 and nylon 66 can be particularly preferably used. When producing the final woven or knitted fabric using mixed multifilament yarn, fuzz, sagging, and yarn breakage may occur due to peeling between the polymers that form the split composite filament until the weaving process is completed. Furthermore, it is necessary to be able to quickly remove one component from the knitted and woven mixed multifilament yarn. From this point of view, it is preferable that the polymer forming one component in the split type composite filament is more easily soluble than the polymer forming the other component, and has good compatibility with the polymer forming the other component. The dissolution and removal process is easy to operate, safe,
Since alkaline aqueous solution treatment can be suitably used in terms of cost, an alkali-soluble polymer is preferable as the polymer forming one component. Examples of alkali-soluble polymers include copolymers or blends of polyester and polyalkylene glycol, polyesters containing anionic surfactants, and polyesters containing metal sulfonate groups. When such a modified polyester is used as one component, the compatibility is extremely good when the other component is polyester. When the other component is polyamide, polyesters containing metal sulfonate groups have good compatibility, and particularly polyesters copolymerized with 2.4 mol% or more of metal sulfonate-containing ester units are extremely good. It is preferable to use It should be noted that good compatibility is confirmed by the absence of peeled parts in the drawn yarn obtained by drawing the composite undrawn yarn. The polyester copolymerized with metal sulfonate-containing ester units will be described in detail below. The polyester copolymerized with a metal sulfonate-containing ester unit that is particularly preferably applicable to one component of the split-type composite filament in the present invention is:

Contains the structural unit of [Formula] hand,

[Formula] is a metal sulfonate salt of a divalent arylene group or a divalent arylene group of such a nature that -X- is separated from the -SO ₃ M group by at least three atoms.
is a metal sulfonate salt of a valent alkylene group,
Also -X- is

[Formula] -O-(CH ₂ ) _o [O(CH ₂ ) _o ] _n -O- and

It is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of [Formula], and -Y- is the same as -X- or hydrogen. The metal sulfonate replaces hydrogen in one of the acid components forming the polyester,
Preferably, it is one that has been introduced. Note that n and m are integers, n is greater than 1, and M is a metal. Preferred classes of main components of these polyesters are terephthalic acid or its ester-forming derivatives and polymethylene glycols having the formula HO(CH ₂ ) pOH (where p is 2 to 2).
polyethylene terephthalate is preferred. Polyesters containing sulfonate metal salt derivatives contain approximately 10
It is also possible to contain up to mol % of glycols or other esters or oxycarboxylic acids. Examples of compounds that can be contained include isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, and naphthalene as acid components.
Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as 2,6-dicarboxylic acid and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid and sebacic acid, and diols such as diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, and cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol. etc. can be mentioned. In addition, as a polyester containing metal sulfonate, 2.4 mol% or more of the total structural units are ethylene 5
- sodium sulfoisophthalate, and
Polyester containing 70 mol% or more of ethylene terephthalate can be suitably used. Further, the content of ethylene 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate units is preferably 3 mol % or more. The non-divided filament, one component, and the other component may contain matting agents, antioxidants, fluorescent brighteners,
It is also possible to incorporate well-known additives such as flame retardants and ultraviolet absorbers. The ratio of both components of the split type composite filament, that is, the composite ratio, is determined by concentrating one component in the center of the split type composite filament to make it easier to remove the other component, and increasing the distance between each segment of the other component. Therefore, one component: the other component is in weight ratio
The range of 40:60 to 2:98 is preferable, and the range is 30:70 to 5:
A range of 95 is more preferred. Next, a spinneret device that can be preferably used when manufacturing a mixed fiber multifilament yarn according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 3 shows a split type composite filament with the cross-sectional shape shown in Figure 1 and a non-divided type filament (not shown).
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a spinneret device that can be preferably used when manufacturing a mixed multifilament yarn consisting of an upper plate 1 and a lower plate 2. A in the diagram
is one component, B is the other component, and C is a component for non-split filament. A flows into the opening 8 of the lower plate 2 through the opening 3 of the upper plate 1 and the upper plate discharge hole 4, while the liquid B flows from the liquid reservoir 5 between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 to the protrusion 6. It flows into the opening 8 of the lower plate 2 through the groove 7 provided in the lower plate 2 . Here, the upper plate discharge hole 4 has a shape as shown in FIG. 4, and the grooves 7 have a shape of three concentric circular flat parts as shown in FIG. . The other component B flowing into the opening 8 of the lower plate 2 is divided into three by the one component A, and the sixth component B is divided into three parts by the first component A.
The cross-sectional shape of the yarn discharged from the trilobal-shaped lower plate discharge hole 9 as shown in the figure is as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shape of the lower plate discharge hole 9 is multi-lobed in that the boundary between one component and the other component is eliminated from the linear portion, and the other component occupies the lobed portion. It is valid that The non-dividable filament component C is discharged through the opening 10 penetrating the upper plate 1 and the upper plate 2 and the lower plate discharge hole 11. It is well understood that a split composite filament having a cross-sectional shape other than that shown in FIG. 1 can be easily obtained by appropriately changing the shapes of the upper plate discharge hole 4, the groove 7, the lower plate discharge hole 9, etc. As explained above, the mixed fiber multifilament yarn in the present invention is a multifilament yarn suitable for soft, stiff and taut woven or knitted fabrics made of mixed fiber yarns with large differences in fineness. In particular, it is suitable for mixed fiber multifilament yarns containing ultrafine yarns in which the fineness of the filaments is 1 denier or less. In addition, the mixed fiber multifilament yarn of the present invention can be obtained stably and at low cost by the simultaneous spinning method using a simple spinneret, and it is easy to handle up to the splitting process, and the splitting process can be carried out extremely quickly. It is possible, and furthermore, it is also possible for each segment of the other component after division to exist independently without joining between them. The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to Examples. Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.68 in orthochlorophenol as the other component and the component for the non-split type filament, and ethylene 5- with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.54 in orthochlorophenol as one component.
Sodium sulfoisophthalate (5 mol%)/
Ethylene terephthalate (95 mol%) copolymer was used in the composite nozzle shown in Figs. The spinning temperature was 295°C, and the spinning speed was 1200 m/min using a spout with 6, 9, and 8 holes for discharge parts for 3-split composite filaments, 4-split composite filaments, and non-split filaments, respectively.
Undivided filament with trilobal cross section at min, 1st
A mixed multifilament yarn consisting of a three-split composite filament with a three-lobed cross section as shown in the figure and a four-split composite filament with a four-lobed cross section as shown in FIG. 2 was obtained. The proportion of one component in the split composite filament is 20% by weight. Subsequently, the yarn was drawn at a drawing speed of 350 m/min, a hot pin of 100°C, and a draw ratio of 3.2 times to produce a 4.1-denier 8-filament non-split multifilament yarn, a 3-denier 6-filament 3-split composite multifilament yarn, and a 2-denier 9-filament yarn. A drawn yarn was made of a mixed fiber multifilament consisting of a 4-split type composite multifilament yarn (after removing one component, it becomes a mixed fiber yarn of 4.1 denier 8 filaments, 0.8 denier 18 filaments, and 0.4 denier 36 filaments). The drawn yarn had virtually no fuzz or sag, and the inter-filament properties were good. By using this drawn yarn in warp and weft, weaving density is 110 warps/
Taffeta was woven with a weft of 90 threads/inch. Weavability was good with no particular problems. Continued alkali treatment with NaOH concentration 30g/30 at 100℃.
One component is completely eluted and removed, dividing the split composite filament. Usually, each segment of the other component exists independently in the cross section of the resulting fabric, and the fabric has the characteristics of 0.4 denier. It has a soft feel and texture similar to similar fabrics made only of filaments, and has a waist, resiliency, and properties similar to similar fabrics made only of 4.1 denier filaments.
It had excellent tension and no irritating defects. Example 2 Nylon 6 with a sulfuric acid viscosity of 2.4 was used as the other component and the non-divided filament component, and ethylene 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate (4 mol%)/ethylene terephthalate (95%) with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.53 in orthochlorophenol was used as one component. mol%) copolymer as shown in Figs.
It also includes a discharge part for the split type composite filament, and the discharge hole for the non-split type filament has a trilobal cross-section, and has a discharge part for the 3-split type composite filament, the 4-split type composite filament, and the non-split type filament. A non-divided filament with a trilobal cross section, a three-split composite filament with a trilobal cross section as shown in Fig. 1, and a second A mixed multifilament yarn consisting of four-split composite filaments with a four-lobed cross section as shown in the figure was obtained. The proportion of one component in the split composite filament is 20% by weight
It is. Continue stretching speed 400m/min, heat pin 100
℃, drawn at a draw ratio of 3.1 times, and a blend consisting of a 6-denier, 5-filament unsplit multifilament yarn, a 4-denier, 5-filament yarn, a 3-split composite multifilament yarn, and a 2-denier, 10-filament, 4-split composite multifilament yarn. Fiber multifilament (6 denier 5 after component removal)
Filament, 1.1 denier 15 filament, 0.4
It is a mixed fiber yarn of denier 40 filament. ) was used as a drawn yarn. The drawn yarn had virtually no fluff or sag, and the interfilaments were well-formed. By using this drawn yarn in warp and weft, the weaving density is 108 warps/
Takuta was woven with a weft of 92 pieces per inch. Weavability was good with no particular problems. Subsequently, alkali treatment was performed at NaOH concentration of 30 g/10 at 100°C.
On the other hand, the components are completely eluted and removed to separate the split type composite filament.
passed through the dyeing process. In the cross section of the obtained fabric, each segment of the other component exists independently, and the properties of the fabric are
It has a soft feel and texture similar to similar fabrics made only of 0.4 denier filaments, and has elasticity, resilience, and tension similar to similar fabrics made only of 6 denier filaments, and is excellent without any irritation or defects. It was hot.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are cross-sectional views showing an example of the split type composite filament forming the mixed fiber multifilament yarn of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a mouthpiece device that can be preferably used, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the shape of the discharge hole on the upper plate in FIG. 3, and FIG. It is a diagram showing the shape of a groove for inflowing the other component,
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the shape of the discharge hole of the split type composite filament provided at the lower part of the lower plate of the die device of FIG. 3. A: one component, B: other component, C: component for non-split type filament, 1... upper plate, 2... lower plate,
3, 8, 10...opening, 4...upper plate discharge hole, 5
...Liquid reservoir, 6...Protrusion, 7...Groove, 9,1
1...Lower plate discharge hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When manufacturing a mixed fiber yarn of a split type composite filament and a non-split type filament having a cross-sectional shape in which one component is divided into a plurality of pieces by the other component by a simultaneous spinning method, the fineness of the non-split type filament is A mixed fiber multifilament characterized in that the ratio of the fineness of the splittable composite filament to that of the splittable composite filament is 0.8 or less, and the boundary between one component and the other component in the splittable composite filament is substantially free of linear portions. How to make yarn.