JPS6261686B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a two-component composite yarn having a multilobal cross-sectional shape, and particularly to a raw yarn suitable for synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabrics having a crisp feel. Conventionally, attempts to make silk-like fibers from synthetic fibers have been made using fibers with a trilobal cross section as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-20770, since the cross-sectional shape of silk after removing sericin is triangular. Attempts have been made to create In this method, a filament is spun through a nozzle discharge hole having a trilobal cross section, and after weaving and weaving, the silk is immediately refined to remove sericin in order to soften the surface touch and improve drapability. Perform chemical weight loss treatment corresponding to the process, 15
This process dissolves the fibers to a fiber weight loss rate of ~40%, and produces a fabric that satisfies a certain degree of silk-like luster, improved drapability, and surface touch flexibility, but on the other hand, the weight loss process reduces multifilament Each of the constituent filaments lose weight almost uniformly, and voids between the filaments temporarily occur, but due to the low massatu coefficient of the filaments, the voids between the filaments disappear with a slight external force, and only the voids between the multifilaments increase. do. As a result, the fabric has a soft feel, but has the drawback of lacking a crisp and squeaky feel. The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies to improve the drawbacks of the prior art as described above, and as a result, have arrived at the following invention. That is, in the configuration of the present invention, in a composite yarn in which the A component has a multilobal cross section obtained by dividing the B component into a plurality of parts, the B component includes the apex of the multilobal shape,
It has a wedge-shaped shape that tapers toward the inside of the thread, and A
It is a two-component composite yarn characterized in that the polymer forming the component is polyester or polyamide, and the polymer forming the B component is a polymer having higher solubility in a certain solvent than the polymer forming the A component. A cross section of the bicomponent composite yarn of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 are diagrams showing typical cross sections of the bicomponent composite yarn having a multilobal cross-sectional shape according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, the B component is divided into three by the A component. The B component includes three vertices of a trefoil shape and exists in the shape of a wedge tapering toward the inside of the yarn. Component A exists in the yarn center and in the range from the yarn center to the yarn surface. By dissolving and removing component B from a composite yarn having such a shape, component A can be made into an irregular cross section with voids near the apex as shown in FIG. 5, with little or no change in shape. be. The composite yarn in FIG. 2 has a four-lobed shape, the composite yarn in FIG. 3 has a five-lobed shape, and the composite yarn in FIG. 4 has a six-lobed shape. By dissolving and removing component B from these composite yarns, the composite yarn shown in FIG. , FIG. 7, and FIG. 8, it is possible to have an irregular cross section in which a void exists near the vertex. The multi-leaf cross section in the present invention has a shape in which convex portions and concave portions are alternately arranged when viewed from the center of the yarn on the outer periphery of the yarn cross section, resulting in stable yarn production. In order to perform this, it is preferable that the yarn be rotationally symmetrical when the center of gravity of the yarn is set as the center of the rotation axis. The number of vertices of the composite yarn having a multilobal cross section in the present invention is preferably in the range of 3 to 10, more preferably 3 to 10, from the viewpoint of maintaining silk-like luster in the fabric even after dissolving and removing component B. The range is 6. When it exceeds 10, it resembles a fiber with a round cross section, making it difficult to obtain silk-like luster. The term "vertex" as used herein refers to any point on the circumference that is convex when viewed from the center of the yarn in the cross section of the multi-lobed yarn, and is the most distant point from the center of gravity of the yarn. In the present invention, the wedge degree is important as one of the shapes of component B. The wedge degree K is defined as the distance GP from the center of gravity G of the yarn to the vertex P where the B component exists, and the property of the B component present at the vertex in the cross section of a multi-lobed yarn, as illustrated in FIG. Distance from point Q near yarn gravity center G to yarn gravity center G
The ratio with GQ is defined as K=GP/GQ, and is preferably in the range of 1.2≦K≦15,
More preferably, the range is 1.5≦K≦6. K
In the case of <1.2, even if component B is dissolved and removed, the voids between filaments and the voids between multifilaments are too small, and the fabric tends to have a rough and hard texture. K
>15, the B component exists too close to the center point of the filament's cross section, so if the B component is dissolved and removed, a fine denier filament in which the A component is divided by the number of vertices where the B component exists is knitted. This tends to result in a texture similar to that of a soft fabric, that is, a texture with too much emphasis on softness, making it difficult to obtain a fabric with the desired silky and squeaky feel. In the present invention, groove degree is another important factor in the shape of component B. The groove degree H is defined as the line segment ML connecting the boundary points M and L on the outer periphery of the A component and the B component and the B component at one vertex where the B component exists, as illustrated in FIG. Among them, the distance from the point Q closest to the yarn gravity center G to the intersection R with the line segment ML when a perpendicular line is drawn to the line segment ML.
It is defined by the ratio H=ML/QR with respect to QR, preferably 1.5≧H≧0.05, more preferably 0.8≧H≧0.1. If H > 1.5, the width of the groove of the B component is too wide and when the B component is dissolved and removed, the convex shape of the apex of the multi-lobed cross section will collapse, and the silk-like luster of the multi-lobed cross section before dissolving and removing the B component will be lost. easily lost. If H<0.05, the width of the B component groove is too narrow,
Even if component B is dissolved and removed, it is difficult to obtain a texture with a shiny or squeaky feel. In addition, A component, B component and A component in the present invention
The shape of the interface between the component and the B component is not limited to the shape described above. The type of polyester forming component A of the composite yarn of the present invention is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, or an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as adipic acid or sebacic acid. A polyester synthesized from an acid or an ester thereof and a diol compound such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, or cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol. Polyesters in which mol % or more are ethylene terephthalate units are preferred. Further, polyalkylene glycol, glycerin, pentaerythritol, methoxypolyalkylene glycol, bisphenol A, sulfoisophthalic acid, etc. may be added or copolymerized to the above polyester component. However, when a metal sulfonate is contained, it is preferably 3 mol% or less based on the acid component contained in the polyester, and preferably 3 mol% or more less than the amount of sulfonate in component B. Polyamide polymers forming component A of the composite yarn of the present invention include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 4, nylon 5, nylon 10, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 6-10, polyamide having an aromatic ring, and alicyclic. nylon 6, nylon 66, and the like. The polymer forming the B component of the two-component composite yarn of the present invention must have a different solubility in a solvent from the polymer forming the A component, and must have a high solubility. When polyester and component B are polyamide, if the solvent is an acid, only the polyamide will be dissolved; conversely, if the A component is polyamide and the B component is polyester, if the solvent is an alkaline aqueous solution, only the polyester will be dissolved. receive. In this way, the B component of the two-component composite yarn can be selected from various combinations with the A component, but from the viewpoint of dissolution and removal treatment, it is preferable to use an alkaline aqueous solution as a solvent from the viewpoint of ease of operation, safety, and cost. The treatment used is suitable, and from this point of view, a polymer with high alkali solubility is preferable as component B. As an alkali-soluble polymer,
Examples include copolymers or blends of polyester and polyalkylene glycol, polyesters containing anionic surfactants, and polyesters containing metal sulfonate groups. The polymer forming component B is particularly preferably a polyester copolymerized with 2.4 mol % or more of metal sulfonate-containing ester units, since the composite yarn can be stably spun and can be dissolved and removed more easily and evenly than the composite yarn. Polyester copolymerized with metal sulfonate-containing ester units is

[Formula] Constituent unit It is something that contains

[Formula] is a metal sulfonate salt of a divalent arylene group or a metal sulfonate salt of a divalent alkylene group such that -X- is separated from the -SO ₃ M group by at least three atoms; Also -X-

[Formula] -O-(CH ₂ ) _o [O(CH ₂ ) _o ] _n -O- and

[Formula] is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of, and -Y- is the same as -X- or hydrogen. The metal sulfonate is preferably introduced by replacing one hydrogen of the acid component forming the polyester. Note that n and m are integers, n is greater than 1, and M is a metal. Preferred classes of main components of these polyesters are terephthalic acid or its ester-forming derivatives and polymethylene glycols having the formula HO(CH ₂ ) _p OH (where p is 2 to 2).
(an integer of 10), and polyethylene terephthalate is preferred. Polyesters containing sulfonate metal salt derivatives contain approximately
It is also possible to contain up to 10 mol % of glycols or other esters or oxycarboxylic acids. Examples of compounds that may be contained include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, and naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid as acid components, and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid and sebacic acid, and diethylene glycol and diol as diols. Examples include 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, and cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol. Among the polyesters containing metal sulfonates, particularly preferred are polymers in which all constituent units are
The polyester contains 2.4 mol% or more of ethylene 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate and 70 mol% or more of ethylene terephthalate. The content of ethylene 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate units is preferably 3 mol% or more, preferably 20 mol% or less, more preferably 10 mol% or less in order to stably spin and draw the composite yarn. The reason why a polyester in which 2.4 mol % or more of the polymer forming component B is composed of metal sulfonate-containing ester units is preferable is as follows. Spinning, drawing, knitting, weaving, etc. of composite yarn B
If fluffing or yarn breakage occurs when passing through the steps before dissolving and removing components, the productivity in each step will decrease, which is not preferable. Among these processes, fuzz and yarn breakage are likely to occur when composite yarns are used as warp yarns of textiles. If the peeling resistance of the component and B component is low, both components will peel, and the peeled single fibers or fibrils will be cut and become fuzz, and further fuzz will be generated, leading to breakage. Here, in order to reduce warp yarn breakage and improve weaving properties, it is preferable to increase the amount of metal sulfonate contained in component B forming the composite yarn, and surprisingly,
It increases rapidly after reaching around 2.4 mol%.
It is possible to reduce the number of thread breaks to one or less per 10 ⁶ m of warp thread, which is a standard for good weaving properties. In addition, the faster the solubility of component B that forms the composite yarn by alkali treatment, the better.
As the amount of metal sulfonate contained in component B increases, the dissolution time of component B becomes faster.
Furthermore, the dissolution time rapidly becomes shorter at around 2.4 mol%, and from the viewpoint of dissolution rate, it is preferable to use a polyester polymer containing 2.4 mol% or more of metal sulfonate-containing ester units as component B. . In addition, well-known additives such as matting agents, antioxidants, fluorescent whitening agents, flame retardants, and ultraviolet absorbers may be added to the polymers forming component A and component B, to the extent that they do not impede the effects of the present invention. It is also possible to contain it. The ratio of the A component and the B component forming the composite yarn in the present invention, that is, the composite ratio, depends on the amount of the B component.
The wedge degree and groove degree vary greatly, and the weight ratio of component A to component B is preferably in the range of 40:60 to 95:5, more preferably in the range of 60:40 to 90:10. Next, the die device for manufacturing the composite yarn of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a die device for manufacturing a composite yarn having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 1, and is composed of an upper plate 1 and a lower plate 2. In the figure, A is the A component and B is the B component.
On the other hand, B flows from the liquid reservoir 5 between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 through the groove 7 provided in the protrusion 6 and flows into the opening 8 of the lower plate 2. Here, the upper plate discharge hole 4 has a shape as shown in FIG. 10, and the grooves 7 have a shape of three concentric flat portions as shown in FIG. 11. Lower plate 2
The B component flowing into the opening 8 is divided into three parts by the A component, and the cross-sectional shape of the composite yarn discharged from the lower plate discharge hole 9 having a trefoil shape as shown in FIG. It will look like Figure 1. Figures 2 and 3
It will be well understood that composite yarns having cross-sectional shapes other than those shown in FIG. As explained above, the two-component composite yarn of the present invention has excellent spinning properties and knitting properties, and the B component can be dissolved and removed extremely quickly, and the amount of the A component can be reduced completely or ignored. It is possible to make it as much as possible. In addition, B near the apex of the multi-lobed cross section
Due to the presence of the component, it is possible to maintain the contact resistance between the multifilaments and between the filaments that make up the knitted fabric of the two-component composite yarn almost unchanged even after the component B is dissolved and removed, resulting in a smooth feeling. It is also possible to obtain a fabric with a squeaky feel. Furthermore, by dissolving and removing the B component present near the apex, the voids between the filaments are increased, making it possible to obtain a fabric with a flexible surface touch. Furthermore, the composite yarn of the present invention can be subjected to bulky processing such as false twisting, and can be handled like a normal yarn.
A similar effect can be achieved using a knitted or woven fabric. The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to Examples. Example 1 Nylon 6 with a sulfuric acid viscosity of 2.4 as the A component, and ethylene 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate (2.4 mol%)/ethylene terephthalate (97.6 mol%) with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.54 in orthochlorophenol at 25°C as the B component. Polymerized polyester from 9th to 12th
Using the spinneret shown in the figure, composite spinning was carried out at a spinning temperature of 280° C. and a spinning speed of 1200 m/min to obtain a two-component composite yarn having a cross section as shown in FIG. In this two-component composite yarn, the proportion of component A in the whole is 75% by weight, the wedge degree is 2.0, and the groove degree is 0.4.
It was hot. Continue stretching at 400m/min, heat pin
Perform normal stretching at 100°C and a stretching ratio of 3.2 times,
It was made into a drawn yarn of denier 36 filament. This drawn yarn was made into taffeta through a normal weaving process for both vertical and horizontal weaving. After weaving, there was no part of the threads constituting the woven fabric where the two components were separated, and the number of warp thread breakages during weaving was as low as 0.2 times/10 ⁶ m. textile
NaOH30g/aqueous solution, alkali treatment at 100℃
This was carried out for 40 minutes to completely dissolve and remove component B, and then the dyeing process was carried out as usual for nylon 6. The resulting woven fabric had an extremely smooth texture and feel, excellent luster, and good dyeing uniformity. The yarn constituting the fabric was a 70 denier 24 filament, and its cross-sectional shape was as shown in FIG. Example 2 In orthochlorophenol at 25°C as component A,
Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65, B
Using ethylene 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate (5 mol%)/ethylene terephthalate (95 mol%) copolyester having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.53 in orthochlorophenol at 25°C as a component, the ninth
~Using the spindle device shown in Figure 12, the number of discharge holes was 36, the spinning temperature was 290°C, the spinning speed was 1100 m/min,
Composite spinning was performed at the composite ratio shown in Table 1 to obtain a two-component composite yarn having the wedge degree and groove degree shown in Table 1. Continued stretching speed 300m/min, hot pin temperature 120
C. and a draw ratio of 3.3 times to obtain drawn yarns having the deniers shown in Table 1. When these drawn yarns were made into taffeta using vertical and horizontal weaving at the same level, the number of yarn breakages during weaving was as low as 0.1 to 0.3 times/10 ⁶ m. Furthermore, there was no part of the threads constituting the fabric where both components were separated. Fabric with NaOH concentration 30g/
After performing an alkali treatment at a treatment temperature of 100° C. for 30 minutes to completely dissolve and remove component B, it was passed through the usual polyethylene terephthalate dyeing process. The texture of the obtained fabric is shown in Table 1. In addition, each level of thread that makes up the fabric is 75 denier 36
It was filament.

[Table] Levels 2, 3, and 4 all have a silk-like texture with an excellent silky feel, and have a wonderful luster.
Moreover, the fabric had good dyeing uniformity. At level 1, the roughness and hardness were a little strong and the texture was rough, and the sizzling feeling that was the object of the present invention was a little weak. Level 5
It had a strong soft feel and a smooth texture, and the sizzling feeling was a little weak.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1, 2, 3, and 4 show examples of cross-sectional shapes of the two-component composite yarn according to the present invention, and FIGS. 5, 6, 7, and 8 The figures show the cross-sectional shapes of yarns that can be obtained from the composite yarns shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, and Figure 9 shows the bicomponent composite yarn of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a cap device that can be preferably used in manufacturing, and FIG. 10 and FIG.
Figure 12 shows the shape of the discharge hole on the upper plate of the nozzle device shown in the figure and the shape of the groove for inflowing the B component provided at the upper part of the lower plate. 13 and 14 are schematic diagrams for explaining the cross-sectional shape of the composite yarn according to the present invention. 1... Upper plate, 2... Lower plate, 3, 8... Opening,
4...Upper plate discharge hole, 5...Liquid reservoir, 6...Protrusion, 7...Groove, 9...Lower plate discharge hole, A...A component, B...B component.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a composite yarn in which the A component has a multi-lobed cross section obtained by dividing the B component into a plurality of parts, the B component has a wedge-like shape that includes the apex of the multi-lobed shape and tapers toward the inside of the thread. The polymer forming the A component is polyester or polyamide, and the polymer forming the B component is a polymer having higher solubility in a certain solvent than the polymer forming the A component. Component composite yarn. 2. The two-component composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the polymer forming component B is a polyester copolymerized with 2.4 mol% or more of metal sulfonate-containing ester units. 3. The copolymerized polyester polymer forming component B has 2.4 mol% or more of ethylene 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate units and 70 mol% or more of ethylene terephthalate units, as set forth in claim 2. Two-component composite yarn.