JPS63243820A - Infrared detector - Google Patents
Infrared detectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63243820A JPS63243820A JP62079401A JP7940187A JPS63243820A JP S63243820 A JPS63243820 A JP S63243820A JP 62079401 A JP62079401 A JP 62079401A JP 7940187 A JP7940187 A JP 7940187A JP S63243820 A JPS63243820 A JP S63243820A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- infrared
- detection element
- infrared ray
- reflecting mirror
- corner cube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/06—Arrangements for eliminating effects of disturbing radiation; Arrangements for compensating changes in sensitivity
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は常温よりはるかに低い温度に冷却された状態
で動作する量子形赤外線検出素子を用いた赤外線検出器
に係り、特にその不要赤外線の遮蔽に関するものである
。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an infrared detector using a quantum infrared detection element that operates at a temperature far lower than room temperature, and particularly relates to an infrared detector that uses unnecessary infrared rays. It's about shielding.
一般にこの種の赤外線検出器は、その感度を増大させる
ため、赤外線検出素子を冷却するとともに、不要な赤外
線すなわちこの赤外線検出器の常温部からの温度輻射や
、必要視野からの赤外線が赤外線検出素子に入射するの
を防ぐように遮蔽体を設けている。Generally, in order to increase the sensitivity of this type of infrared detector, the infrared detecting element is cooled, and unnecessary infrared rays, that is, temperature radiation from the normal temperature part of the infrared detector, and infrared rays from the required field of view are cooled down to the infrared detecting element. A shield is installed to prevent it from entering.
第３図はミシガンのエンバイロメンタル−リサーチ・イ
ンステイチュート（Ｔｈｅ Ｋｎｖｉｒｏｍｅｎｔ６１
ＲｅｓｅＢｃｈ工ｎ５ｔｉｔｕｔｅ Ｏｆ Ｍｉｃｈｉ
ｇａｎ） から１９７８年発行のオルフ、ジシイス（
Ｗ、Ｌ、ＷＯＬＦＫ 。Figure 3 shows the Michigan Environmental Research Institute (The Environmental Research Institute).
ReseBch engineering n5 posture Of Michi
gan) published in 1978 by Orff, Gissis (
W, L, WOLFK.
Ｇ、Ｊ、Ｚ工ＳＥＩ工Ｓ）著「赤外線ハンドブフク」Ｔ
ｈｅ工ｎｆｒａｒｅｄ Ｈａｎｄｂｏｏｋ）の１５〜１
８頁に記載された赤外線検出器の断面図であり９図にお
いて（１）は断面路Ｗ字状をなすように二重壁（１８）
（Ｉｔ））で形成された密閉状の容器（以下デユワ−と
称する）、（２）Ｉｆｉこのデユワ−（１）の赤外線取
入口に設けられた赤外、腺透過部材からなるデユワ−窓
、（３）は上記デユワ−ｆｉｌ内に配設された基板、「
４）はこの基板（３）上に配役され上記デユワ−窓（２
）から入射してくる赤外線を検出する量子形光外線検出
素子（以下検出素子と称する）、＋５］は上記デユワ−
（１）の外部の凹状空間に収納され低温の冷媒分吹き出
す冷却筒、（６１はこの冷却筒（５）からの冷媒で冷却
される冷却部、Ｑｌ？−ｉこの冷却部＋６１に固着され
赤外線通過用の開口部を有するコールドシールドであり
、その表面は高放射率となるように形成されている。"Infrared Handbook" by G, J, Z Engineering SEI Engineering S) T
15-1 of he engineering handbook)
This is a cross-sectional view of the infrared detector described on page 8, and in figure 9, (1) is a double wall (18) so as to form a W-shaped cross-sectional path.
(It))) (hereinafter referred to as a dewar); (2) Ifi; a dewar window made of an infrared-transmissive member provided at the infrared intake port of the dewar (1); (3) is the substrate disposed within the dewar-fil;
4) is placed on this substrate (3) and the dewar window (2)
) is a quantum type external ray detection element (hereinafter referred to as a detection element) that detects infrared rays incident from the above dewar.
(1) A cooling cylinder that is housed in a concave space outside and blows out low-temperature refrigerant, (61 is a cooling part that is cooled by the refrigerant from this cooling cylinder (5), Ql?-i is fixed to this cooling part + 61 and infrared rays It is a cold shield with an opening for passage, and its surface is formed to have a high emissivity.
なお、上記検出素子１４）は上記基板（３）を介して低
温の冷却部］６１によって冷却され、これにより検出感
度を増大している。また上記コールドシールドａｌも上
記冷却部（６１によシ冷却されている。さらにこのコー
ルドシールド１１．上記検出素子１４）の冷却を効率よ
く行うため上記デユワ−（１）内は真空になっている。Note that the detection element 14) is cooled by a low-temperature cooling section 61 via the substrate (3), thereby increasing the detection sensitivity. The cold shield AL is also cooled by the cooling section (61).Furthermore, in order to efficiently cool the cold shield 11 and the detection element 14, the inside of the dewar (1) is kept in a vacuum. .
このように構成された赤外線検出器においては。In the infrared detector configured in this way.
デユワ−窓（２）およびコールドシールドＱｌの開口部
全通過した被測定赤外線αＢが検出素子（４）に入射し
検出される。またこの検出器の常温部からの温度輻射や
必要視野外からの赤外線などの不要赤外線ａｚハコール
ドシールドａＱにより遮蔽される。このコールドシール
ド０１けその表面の放射率を高くするとともに低温に冷
却されているので、その表面で反射する赤外線またはコ
ールドシールド０＠自身が放射する赤外線はいずれも微
小なものであり。The infrared ray αB to be measured, which has passed through the dewar window (2) and the opening of the cold shield Ql, enters the detection element (4) and is detected. Further, unnecessary infrared rays such as temperature radiation from the normal temperature part of the detector and infrared rays from outside the required field of view are shielded by a cold shield aQ. Since the emissivity of the surface of this cold shield 01 is increased and it is cooled to a low temperature, the infrared rays reflected by the surface and the infrared rays emitted by the cold shield 0 itself are minute.
この赤外線が検出素子（４）に入射しても、被測定赤外
線に比べて充分小さく無視できる。従って検出素子（４
）の雑音低減が効果的に行われるものである。Even if this infrared ray is incident on the detection element (4), it is sufficiently small compared to the infrared ray to be measured and can be ignored. Therefore, the detection element (4
) noise reduction is effectively performed.
上記のような従来の赤外線検出器では、コールドシール
ドの表面で不要赤外線が反射して検出素子に入ることの
ないようにその表面の放射率を高＜シ、そのときのコー
ルドシールド自身からの熱放射を防ぐためこれを冷却す
るようにしていたので、冷却部に対する熱負荷が太き（
なり検出素子を所定の温度まで冷却するのに要する時間
が長（なるという問題点があった。特に赤外線誘導ミサ
イル等に用いられる赤外線検出器では検出素子を数秒で
所定温度まで冷却する必要があり、冷却時間が長いとい
うことは大きな問題点であった。In conventional infrared detectors such as those described above, the emissivity of the surface of the cold shield is set to a high level to prevent unnecessary infrared rays from reflecting off the surface of the cold shield and entering the detection element. Since this was designed to be cooled to prevent radiation, the heat load on the cooling section was large (
There was a problem in that it took a long time to cool the detection element to a predetermined temperature.Especially in infrared detectors used in infrared guided missiles, it is necessary to cool the detection element to a predetermined temperature in a few seconds. However, the long cooling time was a major problem.
この発明はかかる問題点を解決するためになされたもの
で、検出素子への雑音が低減され、かつ検出素子の冷却
時間が短かい赤外線検出器を得ることを１的とする。This invention has been made to solve these problems, and one object thereof is to provide an infrared detector in which noise to the detection element is reduced and the cooling time of the detection element is short.
この発明に係る赤外線検出器は、赤外線透過用窓を有す
る密閉容器すなわちデユワ−内に量子形光外線検出素子
を配設し、この赤外線検出素子を冷却する冷却部から離
間して遮蔽体を取付け、この遮蔽体には入射赤外線を通
す開口部および赤外線検出素子への反射赤外線の入射を
阻止するコーナーキューブ反射鏡配列体を備えたもので
ある。The infrared detector according to the present invention includes a quantum optical external ray detection element disposed in a closed container having an infrared transmission window, that is, a dewar, and a shielding body installed at a distance from a cooling unit that cools the infrared detection element. , this shielding body is provided with an opening through which incident infrared rays pass and a corner cube reflector array that blocks reflected infrared rays from entering the infrared detection element.
この発明においては、遮蔽体が冷却部と離間して配設さ
れているため、この冷却部に対する熱負荷を低減でき、
またこの遮蔽体に備えられたコーナーキューブ反射鏡配
列体は入射してきた赤外線をほぼその入射方向に反射す
るので、赤外線検出器子への反射赤外線の入射が防止さ
れる。In this invention, since the shield is disposed apart from the cooling section, the thermal load on the cooling section can be reduced.
Further, since the corner cube reflector array provided in this shield reflects the incident infrared rays substantially in the direction of incidence, the reflected infrared rays are prevented from being incident on the infrared detector element.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例を示す断面図であり、１１
）〜１６）は上記従来例と同様のものである。（７）は
冷却部＋６）から離間してデユワ−（１）の外壁（１ｂ
）内面に検出素子１４）を包囲するように設けられた遮
蔽体で、被測定赤外＠ａυの通過する開口部を有してい
る０１８）はこの遮蔽体（７）？構成し検出素子（４）
と対面して配設されたコーナーキューブ反射鏡配列体、
（９）はこのコーナーキューブ反射鏡配列体＋８１ ？
支持する支持体である。第２図（ａ）に単体のコーナー
キューブ反射鏡を、第２図（ｂ）にはこれを複数配列し
た配列体をそれぞれ斜視図で示しているが。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and 11
) to 16) are similar to the above conventional example. (7) is spaced apart from the cooling section +6) and is located on the outer wall (1b) of the dewar (1).
018) is a shield provided to surround the detection element 14) on its inner surface, and has an opening through which the infrared rays to be measured @aυ pass. Configured detection element (4)
a corner cube reflector array arranged facing the
(9) is this corner cube reflector array +81?
It is a supporting body. FIG. 2(a) shows a single corner cube reflecting mirror, and FIG. 2(b) shows a perspective view of an array in which a plurality of corner cube reflecting mirrors are arranged.
このコーナーキューブ反射鏡配列体＋８１ ｉｊ反射率
の高いものからなり、入射してきた光をほぼその入射方
向に反射する性質を有しているもので、そのことは既に
周知のとおりである。This corner cube reflecting mirror array is made of a material having a high reflectance and has the property of reflecting incident light substantially in the direction of incidence, which is already well known.
このように構成された赤外線検出器においては。In the infrared detector configured in this way.
被測定赤外線αＢは検出素子（４）に入射して検出され
。The infrared ray αB to be measured enters the detection element (4) and is detected.
この検出器内外から検出素子１４）に向かう不要赤外ｇ
ｎ２はコーナーキューブ反射鏡配列体１８）を有した遮
蔽体（７）によシ遮蔽されて、検出素子（４）には入射
しない。またコーナーキューブ反射鏡配列体１８）は赤
外線をほぼその入射してきた方向に反射するため、必要
視野外からの不要赤外線がここで反射したあとに検出素
子（４）に入射するということは防止される。従って検
出素子（４）に入射される不要な反射赤外線は結局第１
図の点線矢印のように、基板（３）上の検出素子（４）
およびその近傍から放射されたもののみとすることがで
き、しかもその放射量は被測定赤外線ａυに比べ充分小
さいので、無祈し得ることができるため、検出素子（４
）の雑音低減がなされる。またコーナーキューブ反射鏡
配列体（８）は高反射率で放射率が小さく、これから放
射される赤外線は微小であり、従って遮蔽体（７）自身
を冷却する必要性がな（なるため、遮蔽体（７）は冷却
部（６１とは離間して外壁（１ｂ）に設けることが可能
となる。Unnecessary infrared g directed toward the detection element 14) from inside and outside of this detector
n2 is shielded by a shielding body (7) having a corner cube reflector array (18), and does not enter the detection element (4). Furthermore, since the corner cube reflector array 18) reflects infrared rays almost in the direction in which they are incident, unnecessary infrared rays from outside the required field of view are prevented from being reflected here and then incident on the detection element (4). Ru. Therefore, the unnecessary reflected infrared rays incident on the detection element (4) end up being the first
As shown by the dotted arrow in the figure, the detection element (4) on the substrate (3)
The detection element (4
) noise reduction is performed. In addition, the corner cube reflector array (8) has high reflectance and low emissivity, and the infrared rays emitted from it are minute, so there is no need to cool the shield (7) itself. (7) can be provided on the outer wall (1b) apart from the cooling section (61).
この結果、冷却部（６１に対する熱負荷は検出素子１４
）のみとなり、その所定温度までの冷却時間は短いもの
とすることができる。As a result, the heat load on the cooling section (61) is reduced to the detection element 14.
), and the cooling time to the predetermined temperature can be shortened.
なお、検出素子（４）近傍の基板（３）上に電極等の高
反射率部材が設けられ、この高反射率部材によシ検出素
子１４）Ｋ不要な赤外線が入射される恐れがある場合に
は２高反射率部拐を例えばペン等の絶縁性赤外線吸収層
で被覆する等の処（Ａを適宜施し。In addition, if a high reflectance member such as an electrode is provided on the substrate (3) near the detection element (4), and there is a risk that unnecessary infrared rays may be incident on the detection element (14) due to this high reflectance member. For example, the high reflectance layer 2 is coated with an insulating infrared absorbing layer such as a pen (A is applied as appropriate).
その影響を除去するようにすればよいものである。What is necessary is to remove that influence.
′！！、た。上記実施例ではコーナーキューブ反射鏡配
列体（８）を支持体（９）により支持したが、コーナー
キューブ反射鏡配列体；８）を直接外壁（１ｂ）に固着
しても同様の効果を奏することげ明らかである。′! ! ,Ta. In the above embodiment, the corner cube reflector array (8) is supported by the support (9), but the same effect can be achieved even if the corner cube reflector array (8) is directly fixed to the outer wall (1b). It's obvious.
この発明によれば、遮蔽体にコーナーキューブ反射鏡配
列体を用いて不要な赤外線が検出素子に入射されるのを
阻止し、かつこの遮蔽体を冷却部から！間して殺げて冷
却部に対する熱負荷を低減しているので、検出素子の雑
音を低減できるとともに検出素子ケ所定篇度まで冷却す
るための時間を短くできるという効果がある。According to this invention, a corner cube reflector array is used as a shield to prevent unnecessary infrared rays from entering the detection element, and this shield can be removed from the cooling section! Since the heat load on the cooling unit is reduced in a short period of time, the noise of the detection element can be reduced and the time required to cool the detection element to a predetermined stiffness can be shortened.
第１（２）はこの発明の一実施例を示す断面図、第２図
（ａ）はコーナーキューブ反射鏡の斜視図、第２図（ｂ
）はその配列体の斜袂図、第３図は従来の赤外線検出器
を示す断面図である。
図において、（１）は密閉状の容器（デユワ−）。
１２）はデユワ−窓、１４）は量子形赤外諜検出素子、
（５）は冷却筒、１６１は冷却部、（７）は遮蔽体、１
８）はコーナーキューブ反射鏡配列体、（９）は支持体
、σＢは被測定赤外線、α２は不要赤外線である。
なお１図中同一符号は同一まｆｃは相当部分を示す。1(2) is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2(a) is a perspective view of a corner cube reflector, and FIG. 2(b) is a perspective view of a corner cube reflector.
) is a perspective view of the array, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a conventional infrared detector. In the figure, (1) is a closed container (dewar). 12) is a dewar window, 14) is a quantum type infrared detection element,
(5) is a cooling cylinder, 161 is a cooling section, (7) is a shield, 1
8) is a corner cube reflector array, (9) is a support, σB is an infrared ray to be measured, and α2 is an unnecessary infrared ray. Note that the same reference numerals in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts, and fc indicates corresponding parts.
Claims (1)
設けられ上記窓からの入射赤外線を検出する量子形赤外
線検出素子と、この赤外線検出素子を冷却する冷却部と
、この冷却部から離間して上記赤外線検出素子を包囲す
るよう上記容器内に配設され、かつ上記入射赤外線を通
過させる開口部および上記赤外線検出素子への反射赤外
線の入射を阻止するコーナーキューブ反射鏡配列体を有
する遮蔽体とを備えたことを特徴とする赤外線検出器。A sealed container having an infrared transmitting window, a quantum infrared detection element provided in the container and detecting infrared rays incident from the window, a cooling part for cooling the infrared detection element, and a space separated from the cooling part. and a corner cube reflector array disposed in the container to surround the infrared detection element, and having an opening that allows the incident infrared rays to pass through and a corner cube reflector array that blocks reflected infrared rays from entering the infrared detection element. An infrared detector characterized by comprising a body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62079401A JPS63243820A (en) | 1987-03-31 | 1987-03-31 | Infrared detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62079401A JPS63243820A (en) | 1987-03-31 | 1987-03-31 | Infrared detector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63243820A true JPS63243820A (en) | 1988-10-11 |
Family
ID=13688834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62079401A Pending JPS63243820A (en) | 1987-03-31 | 1987-03-31 | Infrared detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63243820A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5298752A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-03-29 | Loral Fairchild Corporation | Retroreflectors for increasing cold shield efficiency |
| US5317157A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1994-05-31 | Fujitsu Limited | Infrared ray detecting sensor with getter partition |
| US5408100A (en) * | 1991-12-24 | 1995-04-18 | Hughes Missile Systems Company | Chromatic radiance attenuator |
-
1987
- 1987-03-31 JP JP62079401A patent/JPS63243820A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5317157A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1994-05-31 | Fujitsu Limited | Infrared ray detecting sensor with getter partition |
| US5408100A (en) * | 1991-12-24 | 1995-04-18 | Hughes Missile Systems Company | Chromatic radiance attenuator |
| US5298752A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-03-29 | Loral Fairchild Corporation | Retroreflectors for increasing cold shield efficiency |
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