JPS63117227A - Infrared ray detector - Google Patents

Infrared ray detector

Info

Publication number
JPS63117227A
JPS63117227A JP61262365A JP26236586A JPS63117227A JP S63117227 A JPS63117227 A JP S63117227A JP 61262365 A JP61262365 A JP 61262365A JP 26236586 A JP26236586 A JP 26236586A JP S63117227 A JPS63117227 A JP S63117227A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
detection element
infrared
dewar
dewar window
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP61262365A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Satoshi Wakabayashi
諭 若林
Toru Tajime
田治米 徹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP61262365A priority Critical patent/JPS63117227A/en
Publication of JPS63117227A publication Critical patent/JPS63117227A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02Constructional details
    • G01J5/06Arrangements for eliminating effects of disturbing radiation; Arrangements for compensating changes in sensitivity
    • G01J5/061Arrangements for eliminating effects of disturbing radiation; Arrangements for compensating changes in sensitivity by controlling the temperature of the apparatus or parts thereof, e.g. using cooling means or thermostats

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten the time required in cooling and to reduce noise by omitting a cold filter, by applying a dielectric material to the surface of a Dewar window by vapor deposition to form a filter. CONSTITUTION:A dielectric material is applied to at least one of the inner and outer surfaces of a spherical Dewar window 10 by vapor deposition to form a filter 11. Further, a quantum type infrared ray detection element 3 is mounted on a substrate 12 so that the center of the curvature of the Dewar window 10 is positioned in the vicinity of the detection element 3. The infrared rays 7 to be measured pass through the Dewar window to be incident to the detection element 3 and the unnecessary wavelength region thereof is blocked and, therefore, the increase in noise is suppressed. Further, the image to the detection element 3 due to the reflection from the inner and outer surfaces of the Dewar window 10 is generated on the detection element 3 and the mount substrate 12 in the vicinity thereof. That is, only the unnecessary infrared rays 8 radiated from the detection element 3 and the substrate 12 are incident to the detection element 3 but, since the radiation quantity thereof is sufficiently little, the effect thereof is also small.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野コ この発明は例えば赤外線撮像装置などに用いられる赤外
線検出器に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to an infrared detector used, for example, in an infrared imaging device.

[従来の技術] 第2図は例えばジョン・ウィリーアンドサンズ(Joh
n Wiley & 5ons)から1969年発行の
ハドソン著(R,D、HUDSON、JR) r赤外線
システム・エンジニアリングJ(INfrared S
ystem Engineering)のP 354に
示された従来の赤外線検出器の断面図である。
[Prior art] Figure 2 shows, for example, John Wiley and Sons (Joh
Infrared Systems Engineering J (R, D, HUDSON, JR) published in 1969 by Wiley & 5ons)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional infrared detector shown in P 354 of SYSTEMS ENGINEERING.

図において(1)は二重壁でできた容器で、以下これを
デユワ−(De%+er)という。(2)はデユワ−窓
、(3)は量子形赤外線検出素子(以下これを検出素子
という)、(4)はコールドシールド、(5)はコール
ドフィルタ、(6)は冷媒容器、(7)は被測定赤外線
、(8)(9)は不要赤外線、(12)は赤外線検出素
子(3)の取り付は基板である。なお、冷媒容器(6)
には冷媒が注入されており、これにより上記検出素子(
3)を冷却してその検出感度を増大している。また、コ
ールドフィルタ(5)はコールドシールド(4)に固着
され、そしてこのコールドシールド(4)は冷媒容器(
6)の壁部に接着されているので、上記コールドシール
ド(4)、コールドフィルタ(5)は共に冷却されてい
る。さらに、赤外線検出素子(3)。
In the figure, (1) is a double-walled container, hereinafter referred to as dewar (De%+er). (2) is a dewar window, (3) is a quantum infrared detection element (hereinafter referred to as a detection element), (4) is a cold shield, (5) is a cold filter, (6) is a refrigerant container, (7) Infrared rays to be measured, (8) and (9) unnecessary infrared rays, and (12) infrared detection element (3) mounted on the board. In addition, the refrigerant container (6)
A refrigerant is injected into the detector element (
3) is cooled to increase its detection sensitivity. Further, the cold filter (5) is fixed to the cold shield (4), and the cold shield (4) is connected to the refrigerant container (
6), the cold shield (4) and cold filter (5) are both cooled. Furthermore, an infrared detection element (3).

コールドシールド(4)、コールドフィルタ(5)の冷
却を効率良く行うために、デユワ−(1)とデユワ−窓
(2)によって囲まれた空間は真空状態にされている。
In order to efficiently cool the cold shield (4) and cold filter (5), the space surrounded by the dewar (1) and the dewar window (2) is kept in a vacuum state.

従来の赤外線検出器は上記のように構成され、そして被
測定赤外線(7)はデユワ−窓(2)、コールドシール
ド(4)の開口部及びコールドフィルタ(5)を通して
赤外線検出素子(3)に入射して検出される。ここで、
前記コールドシールド(4)はコールドフィルタ(5)
を保持するとともに、常温の周囲背景から放射される不
要赤外線が赤外線検出素子(3)に入射するのを防止し
、これにより前記赤外線検出素子(3)の雑音を低減す
るために設けたものである。したがって、コールドシー
ルド(4)はその表面の放射率を高くし、かつ低温に冷
却すれば、コールドシールド(4)の表面から放射され
る不要赤外線の放射量は被測定赤外線(7)に比して無
視できるほどに低減される。また、コールドフィルタ(
5)はコールドシールド(4)の開口部を通して赤外線
検出素子(3)に入射する被測定赤外線(7)の波長域
(以下これを所要波長域という)のうち特定値を透過し
、これにより所望しない波長域の赤外線透過を抑えて、
雑混を更に低減するものである。このため前記コールド
フィルタ(5月よ前記所要波長域において吸収の小さい
基板の表面に前記所要波長域を選択的に透過する誘電体
材料が蒸着され、これにより誘電体フィルタが形成され
ている。また、コールドフィルタ(5)自身から放射す
る不要赤外線量を抑制するためにコールドフィルタ(5
)が低温に冷却されていること前述の通りである。さら
に、前記誘電体フィルタ(5)は赤外線の不要な波長域
に対しては反射率が高いためコールドシールド(4)、
取り付は基板(12)、赤外線検出素子(3)からそれ
ぞれ放射される赤外線のうち、例えば不要赤外線(8)
の不要な波長域部分は前記誘電体フィルタ(5)で反射
して、赤外線検出素子(3)に入射する。しかし、前述
のようにコールドシールド、取り付は基板(12)、赤
外線検出素子(3)は低温に冷却されているので、その
不要赤外線の放射量は無視できるほど小さい。したがっ
て、不要赤外線による検出器雑音は無視できる。また、
コールドフィルタ(5)を省略し、そしてデユワ−窓(
2)の表面に前記誘電体材料を蒸着すると、デユワ−(
1)の外筒内面から放射された不要赤外線の前記不要波
長域部分は前記誘電体フィルタで反射され、そして赤外
線検出素子(3)に入射する。
A conventional infrared detector is constructed as described above, and the infrared rays to be measured (7) are passed through the dewar window (2), the opening of the cold shield (4), and the cold filter (5) to the infrared detection element (3). incident and detected. here,
The cold shield (4) is a cold filter (5)
This is provided to maintain the temperature of the infrared rays and prevent unnecessary infrared rays emitted from the ambient background at room temperature from entering the infrared detecting element (3), thereby reducing the noise of the infrared detecting element (3). be. Therefore, if the cold shield (4) has a high emissivity on its surface and is cooled to a low temperature, the amount of unnecessary infrared rays emitted from the surface of the cold shield (4) will be smaller than the measured infrared rays (7). is reduced to a negligible level. In addition, a cold filter (
5) transmits a specific value of the wavelength range (hereinafter referred to as the required wavelength range) of the infrared ray to be measured (7) which is incident on the infrared detection element (3) through the opening of the cold shield (4), thereby transmitting the desired value. By suppressing infrared transmission in wavelength ranges that do not
This will further reduce crowding. For this purpose, a dielectric material that selectively transmits the desired wavelength range is deposited on the surface of the cold filter (May 2011), a substrate that has low absorption in the desired wavelength range, thereby forming a dielectric filter. In order to suppress the amount of unnecessary infrared rays emitted from the cold filter (5) itself, the cold filter (5)
) is cooled to a low temperature as mentioned above. Furthermore, since the dielectric filter (5) has a high reflectance for unnecessary wavelength ranges of infrared rays, the cold shield (4)
Among the infrared rays emitted from the substrate (12) and the infrared detection element (3), for example, unnecessary infrared rays (8) are attached.
The unnecessary wavelength range portion is reflected by the dielectric filter (5) and enters the infrared detection element (3). However, as described above, since the cold shield, the mounting board (12), and the infrared detection element (3) are cooled to a low temperature, the amount of unnecessary infrared radiation emitted is negligibly small. Therefore, detector noise due to unnecessary infrared rays can be ignored. Also,
The cold filter (5) is omitted and the dewar window (
2) When the dielectric material is deposited on the surface of the dewar (
The unnecessary wavelength range portion of the unnecessary infrared rays emitted from the inner surface of the outer cylinder of 1) is reflected by the dielectric filter and enters the infrared detection element (3).

なお、前記デユワ−(1)の外筒は常温相当で不要な赤
外線を放射するので雑音が増加してしまう。
Incidentally, since the outer cylinder of the dewar (1) emits unnecessary infrared rays at room temperature, noise increases.

したがって、前記誘電体材料のフィルタは低温にするた
めコールドシールド(4)内に設けられている。
Therefore, the filter of dielectric material is provided in the cold shield (4) to reduce the temperature.

[発明が解決しようとする問題点コ 上記のような従来の赤外線検出器では、赤外線検出素子
、コールドシールド及びコールドフィルタを冷却する必
要があるため、熱負荷が大きくなる。したがって、これ
らの素子を所定の温度に冷却するに要する時間が長いと
いう問題点があった。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional infrared detector as described above, it is necessary to cool the infrared detection element, the cold shield, and the cold filter, resulting in a large heat load. Therefore, there is a problem in that it takes a long time to cool these elements to a predetermined temperature.

特に赤外線誘導ミサイルに用いられる赤外線検出器では
数秒で所定の温度まで冷却する必要があるので、冷却に
要する時間が長いということは致命的な問題点であった
Infrared detectors used in infrared guided missiles in particular need to be cooled down to a predetermined temperature within a few seconds, so the long time it takes to cool down is a fatal problem.

この発明は、かかる問題点を解決するためになされたも
ので、コールドシールドを省略して冷却に要する時間を
短縮するとともに、雑音の低減を図ることを目的とする
This invention was made to solve this problem, and aims to shorten the time required for cooling by omitting the cold shield, and to reduce noise.

[問題点を解決するための手段] この発明に係る赤外線検出器は、コールドフィルタを省
略し、そしてデユワ−窓の表面に誘電体材料を蒸着して
フィルタを形成し、かつ、前記デユワ−窓の曲率中心が
赤外線検出素子近傍に位置するように取り付けたもので
ある。
[Means for Solving the Problems] In the infrared detector according to the present invention, the cold filter is omitted, and a dielectric material is deposited on the surface of the dewar window to form a filter, and the dewar window The center of curvature of is located near the infrared detection element.

[作 用] この発明においては、球面状のデユワ−窓の中心がほぼ
赤外線検出素子上に位置するので、誘電体フィルタによ
って反射されそして赤外線検出素子に入射する不要な波
長域の赤外線の放射源が、赤外線放射量の少ない赤外線
検出素子の周辺部だけとなる。したがって、誘電体フィ
ルタのコールドフィルタとしてコールドシールド内に取
り付ける必要がないので、熱負荷が低減される。
[Function] In this invention, since the center of the spherical dewar window is located almost above the infrared detection element, the source of infrared radiation in an unnecessary wavelength range is reflected by the dielectric filter and enters the infrared detection element. However, this occurs only in the vicinity of the infrared detection element where the amount of infrared radiation is small. Therefore, there is no need to install the dielectric filter in the cold shield as a cold filter, so the heat load is reduced.

[実施例コ 第1図はこの発明の一実施例による検出器の断面図であ
り、(1) (3) (4) (6) (8) (12
)は上記従来装置とほぼ同一の素子である。 (10)
はデユワ−窓、(11)は誘電体材料のフィルタである
。ここで前記デユワ−窓(10)の形状は球面状をして
おり、そしてデユワ−窓(10)の内面及び外面の少な
くとも片面に誘電体材料(11)が蒸着されて、フィル
タを形成している。また、デユワ−窓(lO)の曲率中
心は前記赤外線検出素子(3)の近傍に位置するよう基
板(12)上に取り付けられている。
[Example 1] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a detector according to an example of the present invention.
) is almost the same element as the above-mentioned conventional device. (10)
is a dewar window, and (11) is a filter made of dielectric material. Here, the dewar window (10) has a spherical shape, and a dielectric material (11) is deposited on at least one of the inner and outer surfaces of the dewar window (10) to form a filter. There is. Further, the dewar window (lO) is mounted on the substrate (12) so that the center of curvature is located near the infrared detection element (3).

上記のように構成された赤外線検出器においては、デユ
ワ−窓(10)を通過し、そして赤外線検出素子(3)
に入射する被測定赤外線(7)は、誘電体材料のフィル
タ(11)によってその不要な波長域が遮断されるので
、雑音の増加が抑制される。次にデユワ−(1)内から
放射された不要赤外線の影響について説明する。・まず
、赤外線検出素子(3)がデユワ−窓(10)の曲率中
心の近傍に位置しているので、デユワ−窓(10)の内
面及び外面の反射による赤外線検出素子(3)への像は
、赤外線検出素子(3)及びその近傍の取り付は基板(
12)に生じる。このことは赤外線検出素子(3)及び
その近傍の取り付は基板(12)から放射された不要赤
外線(8)だけが赤外線検出素子(3)に入射すること
を意味する。
In the infrared detector configured as described above, the infrared rays pass through the dewar window (10), and the infrared detecting element (3) passes through the dewar window (10).
The unnecessary wavelength range of the infrared rays to be measured (7) incident on the sensor is blocked by the filter (11) made of dielectric material, so that an increase in noise is suppressed. Next, the influence of unnecessary infrared rays emitted from inside the dewar (1) will be explained. - First, since the infrared detection element (3) is located near the center of curvature of the dewar window (10), the image on the infrared detection element (3) due to reflection from the inner and outer surfaces of the dewar window (10) The infrared detection element (3) and its vicinity are mounted on the board (
12) occurs. This means that when the infrared detection element (3) and its vicinity are mounted, only unnecessary infrared rays (8) emitted from the substrate (12) are incident on the infrared detection element (3).

そして、赤外線検出素子(3)、取り付は基板(12)
から放射される不要赤外線の放射量は充分に小さいので
、その影響は従来の赤外線検出器同様に小さい。
And the infrared detection element (3) is attached to the board (12)
Since the amount of unnecessary infrared radiation emitted from the sensor is sufficiently small, its influence is as small as in conventional infrared detectors.

なお、赤外線検出素子(3)、取り付は基板(12)上
に電極等の高反射部分が設けられた場合は、デユワ−(
1)内における常温物体相当の赤外線を放射する部分か
らの不要赤外線がデユワ−(1)内での多重反射により
前記高反射率の電極等の部分に入射し、そして反射され
た後デユワ−窓(lO)で再反射し、これが赤外線検出
素子(3)に入射する可能性がある。この場合は、前記
高反射率部分の電極等を例えばペンキ等の絶縁性赤外線
吸収層で被覆すると、その影響を除去することができる
In addition, when installing the infrared detection element (3), if a highly reflective part such as an electrode is provided on the substrate (12), please use the
1) Unnecessary infrared rays from the portion of the dewar (1) that emits infrared radiation equivalent to that of a room-temperature object enter the dewar window (1) due to multiple reflections, and after being reflected, the dewar window (lO), and there is a possibility that this will be incident on the infrared detection element (3). In this case, the effect can be removed by covering the electrodes and the like in the high reflectance portions with an insulating infrared absorbing layer such as paint.

ここで、上記デユワ−窓(10)及び誘電体材料のフィ
ルタ(11)は常温状態であるがら、その不要赤外線の
放射量は従来のコールドフィルタ(5)による不要赤外
線の放射量に比して大きい。しかし、デユワ−窓(10
)及び誘電体フィルタ(11)は吸収率の小さな材料で
構成され、しかも放射率の値は吸収率の値と等しいので
、前記材料による不要赤外線の放射率は小さいといえる
。したがって、デユワ−窓(lO)、誘電体フィルタ(
11)は常温であっても、赤外線放射量は小さく、これ
によって生じる雑音も小さい。
Here, although the dewar window (10) and the filter (11) made of dielectric material are at room temperature, the amount of unnecessary infrared rays emitted by them is compared to the amount of unnecessary infrared rays emitted by the conventional cold filter (5). big. However, the dewar window (10
) and the dielectric filter (11) are made of a material with low absorption rate, and the value of emissivity is equal to the value of absorption rate, so it can be said that the emissivity of unnecessary infrared rays by the material is small. Therefore, the dewar window (lO), dielectric filter (
11) has a small amount of infrared radiation even at room temperature, and the noise generated by this is also small.

ところで上記説明では、コールドシールドを用いた場合
について述べたが、このコールドシールドを用いない場
合でも利用できることはいうまでもない。
By the way, in the above description, the case where a cold shield is used is described, but it goes without saying that the system can be used even when the cold shield is not used.

[発明の効果コ この発明は以上説明したとおり、デユワ−窓を球面状に
し、そしてデユワ−窓の表面に誘電体材料を蒸着すると
ともに、デユワ−窓の曲率中心が赤外線検出素子の近傍
に位置するように取り付けることにより、冷却の必要な
コールドフィルタを省略してこれと同等の’AK音低減
を行うので、冷媒の熱負荷を低減するとともに、冷却に
要する時間を大幅に短縮できる効果かある。
[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the present invention is characterized in that the dewar window is made into a spherical shape, a dielectric material is deposited on the surface of the dewar window, and the center of curvature of the dewar window is located near the infrared detecting element. By installing the refrigerant in this way, the cold filter that requires cooling can be omitted and the same level of AK noise reduction can be achieved, reducing the heat load on the refrigerant and significantly shortening the time required for cooling. .

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図はこの発明の一実施例を示す断面図、第2図は従
来の赤外線検出器を示す断面図である。 図中、(,1)はデユワ−5(3)は量子形赤外線検出
素子、(2) (10)はデユワ−窓、(4)はコール
ドシールド、(5)はコールドフィルタ、(6)は冷媒
容器(冷却手段)、(7)は被alり定赤外線、(8)
(9)は不要赤外線、(11)は誘電体材料のフィルタ
、(12)は取り付は基板である。 なお、図中同一符号は同−或は相当部分を示す。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a conventional infrared detector. In the figure, (,1) is a dewar 5, (3) is a quantum infrared detection element, (2), (10) is a dewar window, (4) is a cold shield, (5) is a cold filter, and (6) is a dewar window. Refrigerant container (cooling means), (7) constant infrared rays, (8)
(9) is an unnecessary infrared ray, (11) is a dielectric material filter, and (12) is attached to a substrate. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)内部が真空状態にされたデュワー窓をもつデュワ
ーと、このデュワー内部に設けられた量子形赤外線検出
素子と、この量子形赤外線検出素子の冷却手段とを備え
た赤外線検出器において、上記デュワー窓の形状を球面
状にし、そして上記デュワー窓の内面または外面のうち
少なくとも片面に誘電体フィルタを設けるとともに、上
記デュワー窓の曲率中心が上記量子形赤外線検出素子の
近傍に位置するように取り付けたことを特徴とする赤外
線検出器。
(1) In an infrared detector comprising a dewar having a dewar window whose interior is in a vacuum state, a quantum infrared detection element provided inside the dewar, and cooling means for the quantum infrared detection element, the above The Dewar window has a spherical shape, a dielectric filter is provided on at least one of the inner or outer surfaces of the Dewar window, and the Dewar window is installed so that the center of curvature is located near the quantum infrared detection element. An infrared detector characterized by:
(2)量子形赤外線検出素子と、この量子形赤外線検出
素子に取り付けた近傍の高反射率部分を、絶縁性赤外線
吸収層で被覆したことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1
項記載の赤外線検出器。
(2) Claim 1, characterized in that the quantum infrared detecting element and the high reflectance portion in the vicinity attached to the quantum infrared detecting element are coated with an insulating infrared absorbing layer.
Infrared detector described in section.
JP61262365A 1986-11-04 1986-11-04 Infrared ray detector Pending JPS63117227A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61262365A JPS63117227A (en) 1986-11-04 1986-11-04 Infrared ray detector

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61262365A JPS63117227A (en) 1986-11-04 1986-11-04 Infrared ray detector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63117227A true JPS63117227A (en) 1988-05-21

Family

ID=17374727

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61262365A Pending JPS63117227A (en) 1986-11-04 1986-11-04 Infrared ray detector

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63117227A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8674308B2 (en) Dewar assembly for IR detection systems
US4990782A (en) Radiation shield for thermoelectrically cooled infrared detectors
US4795907A (en) Infrared detector
CA1308283C (en) Infrared detector
US5434413A (en) Virtual cold shield and cold filter for infrared detector arrays
US5021657A (en) Thermal imager
JPS63117227A (en) Infrared ray detector
US6596997B2 (en) Retro-reflector warm stop for uncooled thermal imaging cameras and method of using the same
JPS63117226A (en) Infrared ray detector
JPH0222522A (en) Infrared-ray optical device
JPS63208727A (en) Infrared-ray detector
JPS63243820A (en) Infrared detector
JPS6361123A (en) Infrared detector
JPS63208726A (en) Infrared-ray detector
US3163760A (en) Refractive optics infrared scanning system
JPH04323525A (en) Infrared detector
JPS6257112B2 (en)
US5698853A (en) Infrared image pickup apparatus
CN113310581B (en) System for eliminating stray radiation of infrared system and calibration method
JPS6333759Y2 (en)
JPH0629778B2 (en) Infrared optics
JPH03243834A (en) Infrared detector
JPH01155220A (en) Infrared optical system
JPH02187632A (en) Infrared optical device
Krause New Cold Shields for infrared detectors