JPS63219715A - Multi-stage type fender - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the absorbency of energy against alongside-contact load as well as lessen reaction by providing a guide for deformation of at least one elastic body in a fender consisting of a number of elastic bodies connected in series. CONSTITUTION:A cylindrical bottomed frame 4 having an anti-friction layer 4a made of a metal, a synthetic resin, etc., is fixed to the quaywall and the wall of other alongside-contact facility 3. One cylindrical elastic body 2 is fixed to the inside of the frame 4 and then a cylindrical part 5 having an antifriction layer 5a on its periphery is fixed. The other cylindrical part 1 is then attached to the end of the part 5 in such a way as to form a guide for the proper compressive deformation of the cylindrical elastic part by the inner surface of the frame 4 and the periphery of the cylindrical part 5. The binding and excess deformation in shearing direction of the cylindrical elastic body can thus be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement in a multi-stage fender that has a large energy absorption capacity and a small reaction force.

(Prior art) When a fender is made by arranging a plurality of elastic bodies, for example two of the same type in parallel, when coming alongside a ship, the energy absorption capacity of one elastic body is reduced by 2. Although it can exhibit twice the energy absorption capacity, the reaction force also doubles, so in recent years, for example, fenders have been constructed by connecting two elastic bodies in series. It has been proposed to make the energy absorption capacity twice that of the elastic body alone, while making the reaction force the same as that of the elastic body alone.

By the way, when a plurality of elastic bodies are simply connected in series and attached to a quay or other alongside facilities, as shown in FIG. Due to the size and other non-uniformity of each elastic body, when a side load is applied to it, each elastic body may cause the following, for example, as shown in FIG.
Since it is greatly deformed in the shear direction, it is not possible to bring about proper compressive deformation, and therefore, there is a problem in that it is virtually impossible to effectively absorb the energy coming alongside.

Therefore, as shown in Figure 8, a multi-stage fender has been put into practical use, consisting of two elastic bodies fixed in series to the upper end of a pile whose lower end is buried underground, with the pile separated. According to this fender material, when the berthing load is applied to it, one of the elastic bodies moves between the pile and the berth under the tilting of the pile, as shown in Figure 8(b). Since the other elastic body is compressively deformed between the pile and the berthing facility, effective absorption of the berthing energy is achieved.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, according to this practical technology, it is essential to bury the lower end of the pile underground, so if the distance to the water bottom (water depth) is large, the bottom end of the pile must be buried underground. In cases where the geology is soft, it becomes impossible to embed piles and install fenders.

This invention advantageously solves the problems of the prior art, and can easily be built horizontally to the alongside facilities, regardless of the depth of the water or the underwater geology, and can absorb a large amount of energy. The objective is to provide a multi-stage fender with the following capabilities.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a guide for guiding compressive deformation of at least one elastic body in a multi-stage fender formed by connecting a plurality of elastic bodies of the same type or different types in series. We will provide means.

(Function) In this fender, at least one of the elastic bodies is compressed and deformed appropriately by the guide means when the arming load is applied to it, so effective absorption of arming energy is realized. That will happen.

Further, the guide means here can be composed of, for example, an inner member attached to an elastic body and an outer member attached to a quay or other alongside facilities.
To be able to always reliably and easily construct a fender for a alongside facility regardless of the depth of the water or the geology of the seabed.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1.2 in the figure each shows a cylindrical elastic body as an example of an elastic body, and here, these cylindrical elastic bodies 1.2 having the same dimensions each have flanges la,
2a, and their respective flanges la
, 2a respectively have rigid rings lb, 2b embedded within them.

Here, a frame body 4 having a cylindrical shape with a bottom is fixed to the wall surface of a quay or other berth facility 3, and one cylindrical elastic body 2 is placed in the center of this frame body 4. Rigid ring 2
At the buried position b, the cylindrical elastic body 2 is fixed with its axis directed in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the frame body, and the inner cylinder member 5 that fits into the frame body 4 is fixed to the other end surface of this cylindrical elastic body 2. .

Here, by attaching the end wall portion 5a provided thereon to the end face of the cylindrical elastic body 2, the inner cylindrical member 5 is concentric with both the cylindrical elastic body 2 and the frame 4, and its outer peripheral surface is separated from the inner circumferential surface of the frame 4 by some distance.

And here, on the outer surface of the end wall portion of the inner cylinder member 5,
The other cylindrical elastic body 1 is attached in alignment with said cylindrical elastic body 2, resulting in a series connection of both cylindrical elastic bodies 1.2 via the inner cylindrical member 5.

In the multi-stage fender configured in this manner, the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion of the frame 4 and the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion of the inner cylindrical member 5 allow appropriate compression deformation of the cylindrical elastic body 2. A guide means 6 is configured to guide the cylindrical elastic body 2, and this guide means 6 effectively prevents bending of the cylindrical elastic body 2 and excessive deformation in the shearing direction.

Here, in order to reduce the sliding resistance of the inner cylindrical member 5 with respect to the frame 4 and to make the deformation of the cylindrical elastic body 2 sufficiently smooth, it is necessary to Anti-friction layers 4a, 5b made of metal material, synthetic resin material, etc. are applied over the entire outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion of the cylindrical member 5, or at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 1(b).
It is preferable to form respectively, more preferably,
MPJ layer 4a.

5b, apply grease or other lubricant.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the operating state of the multi-stage fender constructed as described above.

FIG. 2(a) shows a case in which the ship's side 7 exerts an external force on the fender that is directed approximately in the axial direction of the cylindrical elastic bodies 1, 2. In this case, the cylindrical elastic bodies 1, 2 Based on the action of gravity on the inner cylindrical member 5, appropriate compressive deformation of both cylindrical elastic bodies 1 and 2 is brought about with the anti-friction layers 4a and 5b in mutual contact at their lower end portions, Among these, the deformation of one of the cylindrical elastic bodies 2 occurs under the contact of both anti-friction layers 4a and 5b.
In other words, due to the action of the guide means 6, the operation is carried out extremely smoothly and reliably.

Therefore, the ship's coming alongside energy is sufficiently absorbed by each cylindrical elastic body 1.2.

In addition, here, excessive deformation of the cylindrical elastic body 2 is effectively prevented by the contact between the inner cylindrical member 5, which also serves as a stopper, and the bottom wall of the frame as shown in the figure, making maintenance relatively difficult. The cylindrical elastic body 2 can be sufficiently protected and its durability can be improved.

Further, FIG. 2(b) shows a case where the side 7 applies an external force to the fender in a direction intersecting the axes of the cylindrical elastic bodies 1 and 2. In this case, the inner cylindrical member 5 , in a state where only the gap bone existing between it and the frame body 4 is tilted in the direction of inclination of the side 7 as shown in the figure p, mainly the cylindrical elastic body 1 on the tip side,
It absorbs the inclination of the gunwale side 7, and the cylindrical elastic body 2 on the rear end side
However, under the restraint of deformation in the shearing direction and the bending direction by the guide means 6, appropriate compressive deformation is performed.

Therefore, even in such a case, the fender can effectively absorb the energy coming alongside, especially based on the compressive deformation of the cylindrical elastic body 2.

FIG. 2(c) shows a case where the side 7 exerts both compressive and shearing forces on the fender. In this case, the inner cylinder member 5 is applied to the frame 4. By bringing the two into contact in the direction of action of the external shearing force,
While the cylindrical elastic body 2 on the rear end side is effectively prevented from shearing deformation, a sufficiently large compressive deformation is brought about by the action of the guide means 6, so that the cylindrical elastic body 1 on the distal end side However, even if it is sheared as shown, effective absorption of the coming alongside energy will be ensured.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of the present invention, and this example includes:
One cylindrical elastic body 2 is directly fixed to the wall surface of the alongside facility 3, and the other cylindrical elastic body 1 is connected in series to the cylindrical elastic body 2 via a plate 8, Preferably, a plurality of guide rods 9 are attached to the plate 8, and each guide rod 9 is fixed to the berth facility 3.
By configuring the guide means 11 by the guide sleeve 10 that fits exactly with the guide rod 9, the structure of the fender is simplified, the whole is lightweight and compact, and the distance between the guide rod 9 and the guide sleeve 10 is reduced. By appropriately selecting the clearance, deformation of the cylindrical elastic body 2 on the rear end side in the shearing direction and the bending direction can be almost completely eliminated.

According to this example, when an external force is applied to both cylindrical elastic bodies 1.2 in the axial direction, the cylindrical elastic bodies 1.2
As shown in Figure (b), both ships undergo only approximately uniform compressive deformation to effectively absorb the coming alongside energy with a sufficiently large energy absorption capacity.

In addition, in the fender of this example, the cylindrical elastic body 1 on the tip side has
Even when the external force in the inclination direction and the external shearing/compression force as described in FIGS. 2(b) and 2(c) are applied, the fender 2 on the rear end side is Since compressive deformation is performed with little or no bending deformation, shearing deformation, etc., the energy coming alongside is always reliably absorbed.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment in which cylindrical elastic bodies having different diameters and lengths are connected in series. At the same time, the frame 4 described in FIG.
A small cylindrical elastic body 14 is concentrically connected to the outer cylindrical member 13 having a shape substantially similar to that of the first cylindrical elastic body 14. By attaching the inner cylinder member 15 having substantially the same shape as the inner cylinder member 5 described in the figure, the inner cylinder member 13 is guided by the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical part of the outer cylinder member 13 and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical part of the inner cylinder member 15. The means 16 is constituted.

According to such a fender, a small cylindrical elastic body 1
Since the compressive deformation of 4 is sufficiently ensured by the guide means 16 irrespective of the direction in which the external force acts thereon, there is also always an effective absorption of the berthing energy. It turns out.

FIG. 5 is a side view and a plan view showing still another embodiment of the present invention. In this example, a base play eye 8 is suspended from the upper end of the berthing facility 3 by a chain 17, and the front and back sides of the base plate 18 are By attaching substantially channel-shaped elastic bodies 19 and 20 having U-shaped grooves on both sides so as to extend in the vertical direction with each U-shaped groove closed by the base plate 18, Both elastic bodies 19 and 20 are located symmetrically with respect to the base plate 18, and sliders 21 protrude from both ends of the base plate 1 toward the berth facility side, and sliders 21 protrude from the berth facility 3. A guide means 23 is constituted by a sliding guide 22 that can come into contact with the outer surface of each slider 21.

According to this fender, the base plate 18 and eventually both elastic bodies 19 and 20 are moved downward by the chain 17, and laterally moved by the slider 21 and the sliding guide 2.
2, the elastic body 20 is reliably prevented from coming into contact with the base plate 18, so that when an external force is applied thereto, the elastic body 20 always undergoes appropriate compressive deformation between the base plate 18 and the wall of the berth facility, and the berthing energy is can be absorbed effectively. Note that depending on the direction of the external force, the other elastic body 1
Of course, 9 can also contribute sufficiently to energy absorption, which results in a large amount of energy being absorbed.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. The cylindrical elastic body 2 on the rear end side is connected to the plate 8 in series through the plate 8.
A guide rod 24 extending through the guide rod 24 is provided, and a sleeve 25 that just allows the guide rod 24 to enter is embedded and fixed in the berthing facility 3, and these guide rods 24 and sleeve 25 form the guide means 26. This example also achieves appropriate compressive deformation of the cylindrical elastic body 2 on the rear end side when an external force is applied, and thereby achieves effective energy absorption.

Although this invention has been explained above based on the illustrated examples, the shape of the elastic body can be changed as necessary in relation to the energy absorption capacity of the fender, reaction force, etc. The number of connections can be three or more, and furthermore, the deformation of two or more elastic bodies can be guided by the guide means.

(Effects of the Invention) Therefore, according to the present invention, when a berth load acts on the berth, a large berth energy can be sufficiently absorbed by the compressive deformation of the plurality of elastic bodies under the action of a small reaction force. Of course, based on the action of the guide means, regardless of the direction of action of the berthing load, one or more elastic bodies are constantly ensured to be compressively deformed, thereby achieving effective absorption of the raider energy. Can be done.

Moreover, the guide means here can be configured in relation to each other or in relation to the elastic bodies and the berthing facilities, so it can be used regardless of the depth of the water or the geology of the seabed. It can be easily and reliably attached to the berthing facilities.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the operating state of the device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 6 are diagrams showing other embodiments of the invention, respectively. 7.8 each shows a conventional example. 1.2.12.14... Cylindrical elastic body 3... Armpit facility 4... Frame body 4a, 5b... Anti-friction layer 5.15... Inner cylinder member 6, 11.16 .23.26...Guide means 7...
Broad side 8...Plate 9.24...Guide rod 10.25...Guide sleeve 13.
...Outer cylinder member 17...Chain 18...
Base brake) 19.20...Elastic body 21...
・Slider 22...Sliding guide Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 (a) (b> ρ Fig. 8 (a) (b)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A multi-stage fender comprising a plurality of elastic bodies connected in series, the multi-stage fender comprising a guide means for guiding the deformation of at least one of the elastic bodies.