JPS63212707A - Exhaust absorbing steam prime mover unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To lower the exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure so as to recover and regenerate exhaust heat in the exhaust gas by communicating an evaporative cooling device with the outlet of a condensing heater and a turbine high pressure portion, and connecting a steam compressor to the top portion of a steam generator and the inlet of the condensing heater. CONSTITUTION:In a steam prime mover unit including an absorber 8 communicating with a turbine 12 low pressure portion through an exhaust heat exchanger 13, the inlet side of an evaporative cooling device 9 for cooling the absorber 8 is connected to the outlet of a condensing heater 4 for heating a steam generator 3 and to a turbine 12 high pressure portion through an expansion valve 7 and the first heat exchanger 6. The suction side of the evaporative cooling device 9 is connected to the top portion of the steam generator 3 and the discharge side thereof is connected to the inlet of the condensing heater 4 respectively. In this arrangement, steam can be evaporated and separated from an absorbent solution and condensed to be liquefied, and further the condensed water is forced to act as a coolant on the evaporative cooling device 9 to be evaporated, so that the saturation temperature and pressure of the absorbent solution in the absorber 8 can be put in a designated state of low temperature and low pressure.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention applies the principle of an absorption refrigerator to a steam power unit, thereby replacing the condenser in the conventional steam power unit with an absorber, thereby reducing the amount of work that is discharged from the turbine. Exhaust the medium vapor,
This relates to an exhaust gas absorption steam power system that absorbs and dissolves the exhaust gas into an absorbent solution and condenses and liquefies it in the solution state.

The present invention further applies the principle of a pressurized evaporative heat pump, making the entire device a component of the present invention, and relies on its action to perform the evaporative separation and condensation of the working medium vapor from the absorbent solution. Its purpose is to realize a low exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure that is lower than the exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure in a steam power unit equipped with a conventional condenser, and to recover and regenerate the exhaust heat in the exhaust gas.

[Industrial application field]

Depending on the generation of power energy, it can be used in various industrial equipment.

[Conventional technology]

Examples of conventional technology include (Haruo Yamada, "Refrigerating Machines and Heat Pumps", January 5, 1972, Yokendo, P2O0 and P31
8) and (Shinzo Shibayama “Steam Turbine” December 2, 1963)
5. Mountain and sea volume P15. ), etc.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure in a steam power plant equipped with a conventional condenser is limited by the room temperature cooling water temperature used, and even in the ideal case, the cooling water temperature in the condenser The exhaust temperature and the steam saturation pressure corresponding to the exhaust temperature are defined as the lower limit of exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure. Actually, the exhaust temperature is 32℃.

Water vapor saturation pressure 37 corresponding to exhaust temperature 32-C at exhaust pressure
1WIHg is the practical lower limit. Furthermore, all of the waste heat from the exhaust gas is released into the cooling water and is not recovered and regenerated within the cycle.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above-mentioned restrictions on steam power equipment equipped with a conventional condenser, the present invention first applies the principle of an absorption chiller to replace the conventional condenser with an absorber, thereby creating an absorption chiller. The low temperature and low temperature achieved by the machine is used as the exhaust temperature exhaust pressure in the steam power equipment. Furthermore, by applying the principle of a pressurized evaporative heat pump, the entire device is a component of the present invention, and as a result of its action, it is possible to evaporate and separate water vapor from an absorbent solution, condense it, and convert it into a liquid supply. Furthermore, the condensed water is allowed to act as a coolant in the evaporative cooler and evaporated, thereby bringing the saturation temperature and pressure of the absorbent solution in the absorber to a predetermined low temperature and low pressure state. That is, in the present invention, the working medium steam and the coolant are made of the same substance, thereby realizing the recovery and regeneration of exhaust heat from the exhaust gas.

[Effect]

It makes it possible to recover and regenerate exhaust heat in the exhaust gas, and achieves a lower exhaust exhaust pressure than the exhaust temperature exhaust pressure of a steam power unit equipped with a conventional condenser, making it possible to recycle beyond the conventional low-temperature limit. It has a very noticeable effect.

〔Example〕

Further, the present invention will be explained with reference to an example of implementation shown in the drawings.The present invention is constructed and constructed as shown in the drawings.
, connecting pipe 2, steam generator 3, condensing heater 4, connecting pipe 5, first heat exchanger 6, expansion valve 7, absorber 8, evaporative cooler 9, steam superheater 10. Connecting pipe 11, turbine 12, exhaust heat exchanger 13
, the solution pump 14, the connecting pipe 15, the second heat exchanger 16, the connecting pipes 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21, and the pressure reducing device 22 are configured to communicate in a closed circuit.

In the above configuration, the following description will be made assuming that water vapor is used as the working medium vapor and an aqueous solution of lithium bromide is used as the absorbent. First, the working conditions of the present invention are specified. The maximum water vapor dissolution concentration of the absorbent solution is t-50%. The solution with the maximum concentration is hereinafter referred to as a dilute solution. The minimum concentration of water vapor dissolved is 45-.

The solution with the minimum concentration is hereinafter referred to as a concentrated solution. steam generator 3
Saturation pressure at 50 mmHgo and concentrated solution saturation temperature 73°C. The saturation temperature of the dilute solution in the absorber 8 is 32°C, therefore the saturation pressure, that is, the exhaust pressure is 9.5 mmHg. o The temperature difference between high and low temperatures in each heat exchange process is 3°C. The operation of the present invention under the above specific conditions is that the steam compressor 1 supplies steam at a saturation temperature of 73°C and a pressure of 50 mmHg in the steam generator 3 to the connecting pipe 18.
The superheated steam at a temperature of 73°C or higher is sent to a condensing heater 4 which heats a steam generator 3, which heats a dilute solution at a temperature of 62°C. The water vapor is separated by evaporation to reach a concentrated solution with a saturation temperature of 73° C., and the evaporation process is completed. Nine superheated vapors cooled to a dilute solution with a saturation temperature of 62°C have a saturation temperature of 65°C and therefore a saturation pressure of 184°C.
It is condensed and liquefied in the condensing heater 4 at mmHg Ic, and on its way to the evaporative cooler 9 via the connecting pipe 5, while being sent from the absorber 8 to the steam generator 3 in the first heat exchanger 6. is cooled by indirect countercurrent contact with a saturated dilute solution at a temperature of 32°C, and then cooled with supercooled condensed water at a temperature of 35°C, and then the expansion valve 7
The water vapor saturation pressure in the evaporative cooler 9 is 30 mmH depending on
g, and enters the evaporative cooler 9 as saturated water with a saturation temperature of 29°C. The saturated water in the evaporative cooler 9 has a saturation temperature of 29°C, and the absorber 8 has a saturation temperature of 32°C and a pressure of 9.5°C.
A saturated dilute solution of mmHg is cooled and heated, and the entire amount is vaporized at a saturation temperature of 29°C and a pressure of 30 mmHg.

The saturated steam is sent to the turbine 12 as saturated steam in the steam superheater 10, and after finishing the evaporation process in steam generation @3, the saturated steam is sent to the absorber 8 at a saturation temperature of 73°C and a pressure of 50 m.
Heat exchange is performed by indirectly contacting 1 g of a saturated concentrated solution in a countercurrent flow, and the concentrated solution is cooled to a temperature of 68°C, and at the same time it is heated and becomes superheated steam at a temperature of 70°C. sent to. The superheated steam in the turbine 12 is the exhaust pressure, that is, the saturation temperature 32 in the absorber 8.
It expands in the pressure difference between the dilute solution saturation pressure of 9.5 mmHg and generates turbine work, lowering its temperature and absorbing it as exhaust gas at the steam saturation temperature part corresponding to the exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature of 10 °C. The container 8 is discharged. On the way, in the exhaust heat exchanger 13, the exhaust gas having an exhaust temperature of 10° C. exchanges heat with an external heat source at room temperature, and supplies cold heat corresponding to the amount of heat exchanged to the outside. - The concentrated solution at a temperature of 68°C which has completed the heat exchange action in the steam superheater 10 is absorbed in the second heat exchanger 16 while being sent to the absorber 8 via the connecting pipes 20 and 21. The dilute solution is indirectly brought into countercurrent contact with the dilute solution at a temperature of 35°C being sent from the vessel 8 to the steam generator 4 to perform a heat exchange effect, and the dilute solution is heated to a temperature of 62°C while at the same time the temperature of the diluted solution reaches 41°C. It is cooled to become a supercooled concentrated solution and then enters the vacuum water absorber 8 by the pressure reducing device 22 to a dilute solution saturation pressure in the absorber 8 of 9.5 mmHg. The concentrated solution entering the absorber 8 directly contacts and absorbs and dissolves the exhaust gas discharged from the turbine 12 at an exhaust temperature of 10°C, and at the end of the process becomes a saturated dilute solution, which absorbs and dissolves the exhaust gas. finish. In the absorption process, the exhaust heat at a temperature of 10°C in the exhaust gas is released into the solution as condensation heat that always matches the temperature of the absorbent solution, increasing its saturation temperature and pressure, and is then transferred to the evaporative cooler 9. Therefore, the dilute solution saturation temperature in the absorber 8 is 32°C and the pressure is 9.
．． 5 mmHg shall be maintained. The saturated dilute solution in the absorber 8 is pressurized by the solution pump 14 to an absorbent saturation pressure of 50 mmHg or more in the steam generator 3, and is first sent to the first heat exchanger 6 via the connecting pipe 15. , the high-pressure condensed water having a temperature of 65° and a saturation pressure of 184 mmHH is indirectly brought into contact with the high-pressure condensed water that is being sent from the condensing heater 4 to the evaporative cooler 9 to perform a heat exchange action and cool the high-pressure condensed water to 35°C. At the same time, it is heated to a temperature of 35°C, and then in the second heat exchanger 16, the heat exchange action in the steam superheater 10 is completed, and the concentrated solution at a temperature of 68°C is sent to the absorber 8. Heat exchange is performed through indirect countercurrent contact, and the concentrated solution is cooled to a temperature of 38° C. At the same time, it is heated to a temperature of 62° C. and is sent to the steam generator 3 through a connecting pipe 17. The actions described above are repeated below.

In the present invention, by changing both the working medium vapor and the absorbent material to materials with appropriate properties, it is possible to set the operating temperature and pressure level to appropriate levels;
In the above explanation, water vapor was specifically explained as the working medium steam for comparison with a conventional steam power unit equipped with a condenser, and it was explained that the present invention is established in principle. , At the pressure level specified in the above explanation, the specific volume of water vapor is enormous and is not suitable for practical use. Therefore, when carrying out the present invention, the working medium vapor has properties of lower temperature and higher pressure than water vapor. It is appropriate to use substances.

For example, ammonia, Freon 12 or Freon 2
The first-class substance is the working medium vapor.

The absorbent is then naturally changed to a substance that has a greater affinity for the working medium vapor, but as a result the specific volume of the working medium vapor is reduced and the operating temperature level is also reduced. As a result, the exhaust temperature can also be lowered to about -20°C, and in that case, there will be an increase in cold heat and the possibility of using room temperature as a heat source.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The present invention has the above-described structure and operation, and thus enables the recovery and regeneration of exhaust heat in the exhaust gas, and also realizes a low exhaust exhaust pressure that is lower than the exhaust temperature exhaust pressure of a nine-steam power plant equipped with a conventional condenser. This has the potential to produce extremely remarkable actions and effects that make it possible to recycle materials that exceed their low-temperature limits.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a system diagram showing the basic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Vapor compressor, 3... Steam generator, 4... Condensation heater, 6... First heat exchanger, 7... Expansion valve, 8
...Absorber, 9--Evaporative cooler, 10--Steam superheater, 12--Turbine, 13--Exhaust heat exchanger, 1
4...4 solution solution, 16-...second heat exchanger, 22-...
...pressure reducing device, 2-t5. 11.15,17,18.19.20.21--Connected pipes.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a steam power plant equipped with an absorber that communicates with the low pressure part of the turbine via an exhaust heat exchanger, the inlet side of the evaporative cooler that cools the absorber is expanded to the outlet of the condensing heater that heats the steam generator. The outlet of the evaporative cooler is connected to the turbine high pressure section through the steam superheater, the suction side of the vapor compressor is connected to the top of the steam generator, and the vapor compressor is connected to the top of the steam generator. An exhaust absorption steam power unit characterized in that the exhaust side of the exhaust gas absorbing steam power unit is connected to the inlet of a condensing heater that heats a steam generator.