JPS63208726A - Infrared-ray detector - Google Patents

Infrared-ray detector

Info

Publication number
JPS63208726A
JPS63208726A JP62041656A JP4165687A JPS63208726A JP S63208726 A JPS63208726 A JP S63208726A JP 62041656 A JP62041656 A JP 62041656A JP 4165687 A JP4165687 A JP 4165687A JP S63208726 A JPS63208726 A JP S63208726A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
infrared
dewar
ellipse
reflecting member
detecting element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP62041656A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH071198B2 (en
Inventor
Satoshi Wakabayashi
諭 若林
Toru Nonoyama
野々山　徹
Toru Tajime
田治米　徹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP62041656A priority Critical patent/JPH071198B2/en
Priority to CA000559704A priority patent/CA1308283C/en
Priority to US07/160,430 priority patent/US4937450A/en
Publication of JPS63208726A publication Critical patent/JPS63208726A/en
Publication of JPH071198B2 publication Critical patent/JPH071198B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02—Constructional details
    • G01J5/06—Arrangements for eliminating effects of disturbing radiation; Arrangements for compensating changes in sensitivity
    • G01J5/061—Arrangements for eliminating effects of disturbing radiation; Arrangements for compensating changes in sensitivity by controlling the temperature of the apparatus or parts thereof, e.g. using cooling means or thermostats

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the need for cold shielding and to shorten the time required for cooling by fitting a rotary elliptic surface type infrared-ray reflecting member and reducing noises equally to the cold shielding. CONSTITUTION:A dewer winder 2 is formed in a rotary elliptic surface shape obtained by rotating an ellipse around its minor axis and the infrared-ray reflecting member 8 is so constituted that an infrared ray which is incident on this rotary elliptic surface except the opening part of the window 2 and an infrared ray from inside the dewer 1 are reflected by the rotary elliptic surface. An infrared detecting element 3 is arranged within the range of the two focuses of the ellipse expressed by the tracks of the focus rotated around the minor axis of the ellipse. An infrared ray incident on the element 3 is only a fine quantity of infrared ray emitted by the element 3 and nearby it, and unnecessary infrared ray from other parts is no incident on the element 3. Consequently, the cold shielding is not necessary and the time required for the cooling is shortened.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は例えば赤外線撮像装置などに用いられる赤外
線検出器に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to an infrared detector used, for example, in an infrared imaging device.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

第３図は例えばミシガンのエンバイロメンタル・リサー
チ俸インスチチュート（ＪＡｇ　Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｔｎｅ
ｎｔａｌＲａｓｅａｒｃｈ　工ｎ５ｔｉｔｕｔｅ　ｏｆ
　Ｍｉｃｈｉｇａｎ）から１９７８年発行のオルフ・ジ
シイス著（Ｗ、Ｌ、ＷＯＬＦＥ、Ｇ、Ｊ。Figure 3 shows, for example, the Michigan Environmental Research Institute (JAg Environmental Research Institute).
ntalRsearch ENG n5 posture of
Written by Olf Zysis (W, L, WOLFE, G, J.), published in 1978 by Michigan.

ＺＩＳＳＩＳ）　ｒ赤外線ハンドブックＪ（Ｊ五ｅ　１
ｎｆｒａｒｅｄＨαｒｗｌｂｏｏｋ）のＰ　１５−１８
　に示された従来の赤外線検出器の断面図でおる。図に
おいて（１）は二重壁でできた容器で、以下これ全デユ
ワ−（Ｄｅｗαｒ）という。ZISSIS) r Infrared Handbook J (J5e 1
nfraredHαrwlbook) P 15-18
1 is a sectional view of a conventional infrared detector shown in FIG. In the figure, (1) is a double-walled container, hereinafter referred to as Dewar.

（２：はデユワ−窓、（３）は量子形赤外線検出素子（
以下これを検出素子という）　、　＋４１はコールドシ
ールド、（５）は冷媒が満たされる容器、＋６１は前記
検出素子（３）の取り付は基板、１７）は被測定赤外線
である。(2: Dewar window, (3) quantum infrared detection element (
(hereinafter referred to as a detection element), +41 is a cold shield, (5) is a container filled with refrigerant, +61 is a board on which the detection element (3) is mounted, and 17) is an infrared ray to be measured.

なお、容器（５）はこれに注入された冷媒で冷却されて
おり、これにより検出素子（３）の検出感度を増大して
いる。また、コールドシールド（４１は取り付は基板（
６）に固着され、そして検出素子（３）と同様に冷却さ
れる。なお、デユワ−（１）の壁とデユワ−窓（２）と
の間は検出素子（３）、コールドシールド（４１の冷却
を効率よく行うために排気され、そし真空に面した壁面
は熱線を反射するようにされている。Note that the container (5) is cooled with a refrigerant injected into it, thereby increasing the detection sensitivity of the detection element (3). In addition, the cold shield (41 is installed on the board (
6) and cooled in the same way as the detection element (3). Note that the space between the wall of the dewar (1) and the dewar window (2) is evacuated to efficiently cool the detection element (3) and the cold shield (41), and the wall facing the vacuum is protected from heat rays. It is made to be reflective.

従来の赤外線検出器は上記のように構成され、そして被
測定赤外線（７）はデユワ−窓（２）、コールドシール
ド（４）の開口部を通して検出素子（３）に入射されて
、検出される。ここで、コールド７−ルド１４）は常温
の周囲背景から放射される不要赤外線（被測定赤外線（
７）以外の赤外線）が検出素子（３）に入射するのを防
ぎ、これによって検出素子（３）の雑音を低減するもの
である。したがって、コールドシールド（４１は表面の
放射率を高くするとともに低温に冷却されているので、
コールドシールド（４）の表面から放射される不要赤外
線の量は被測定赤外線（７）に比して無視できるほどに
低減される。A conventional infrared detector is constructed as described above, and the infrared ray to be measured (7) is incident on the detection element (3) through the dewar window (2) and the opening of the cold shield (4), and is detected. . Here, cold 7-14) is unnecessary infrared rays (infrared rays to be measured (infrared rays to be measured) emitted from the ambient background at room temperature.
This prevents infrared rays other than 7) from entering the detection element (3), thereby reducing the noise of the detection element (3). Therefore, the cold shield (41) has a high surface emissivity and is cooled to a low temperature, so
The amount of unnecessary infrared rays emitted from the surface of the cold shield (4) is reduced to a negligible level compared to the infrared rays to be measured (7).

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

上記のような従来の赤外線検出器では、雑音の低減を図
るために検出素子のみならず、コールドシールドも冷却
する必要があった。このため冷媒に対する熱負荷が大き
くなるので、検出素子、コールドシールドを所定の温度
まで冷却する時間が長くなるという問題点があった。特
に赤外線誘導ミサイルに用いられる赤外線検出器では数
秒で所定の温度まで冷却する必要があり、そのため冷却
に要する時間が長いということは致命的な問題点であっ
た。In the conventional infrared detector as described above, in order to reduce noise, it is necessary to cool not only the detection element but also the cold shield. This increases the thermal load on the refrigerant, resulting in a problem that it takes a long time to cool the detection element and the cold shield to a predetermined temperature. In particular, infrared detectors used in infrared guided missiles need to be cooled to a predetermined temperature within a few seconds, and the long time it takes to cool down is a fatal problem.

この発明は上記のような問題点を解決するためになされ
たもので、雑音低減作用を従来と同様に保りたまま、冷
媒に対する熱負荷を大幅に減少して所定の温度まで冷却
するに要する時間を大幅に短縮することができる赤外線
検出器を得ること全目的とする。This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it significantly reduces the heat load on the refrigerant while maintaining the same noise reduction effect as before. The overall objective is to obtain an infrared detector which can significantly reduce the time required.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

この発明の赤外線検出器ではコールドシールドを省略し
て冷媒に対する熱負荷を大幅に減少し、かつ、被測定赤
外線が通過するデユワ−窓の開口部を除きデユワ−窓の
形状を楕円をその短軸を軸として回転して得られる回転
楕円面の形状としてこの部分を赤外線反射部材で構成し
、したがってデユワ−の外部からの赤外線はデユワ−窓
の開口部からのものを除き上記赤外線反射部材で反射さ
れて赤外線検出素子には入射されず、また、デユワ−の
内部表面から放射される赤外線のうち前記楕円の焦点よ
り外側の部分から放射される赤外線は赤外線反射部材の
回転楕円状表面によって前記焦点より外側の部分へ反射
され赤外線検出素子には入射されぬようにした。In the infrared detector of this invention, the cold shield is omitted to significantly reduce the heat load on the refrigerant, and the dewar window is shaped like an ellipse with its short axis excluding the opening of the dewar window through which the infrared rays to be measured pass. This part is made of an infrared reflecting member, so that infrared rays from outside the dewar are reflected by the infrared reflecting member except for those from the opening of the dewar window. Among the infrared rays emitted from the inner surface of the dewar, the infrared rays emitted from the portion outside the focal point of the ellipse are reflected by the spheroidal surface of the infrared reflecting member. The light is reflected to the outer part and is prevented from entering the infrared detection element.

〔作用〕[Effect]

この発明にかかる赤外線検出器の構造では、赤外線反射
部材によって反射され検出素子に入射する赤外線は、検
出素子及びその近傍から放射される微小な量の赤外線だ
けであり、他の部分からの不要赤外線は検出素子に入射
しないので、コールドシールドを用いたと同等の雑音低
減作用をもつ。In the structure of the infrared detector according to the present invention, the infrared rays reflected by the infrared reflecting member and incident on the detection element are only a minute amount of infrared rays emitted from the detection element and its vicinity, and unnecessary infrared rays from other parts does not enter the detection element, so it has the same noise reduction effect as using a cold shield.

また、コールドシールドが不要となるので冷却に要する
時間が大幅に短縮される。Furthermore, since a cold shield is not required, the time required for cooling is significantly reduced.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下この発明の実施例を図面について説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第１図はこの発明の一実施例を示す断面図であって、第
１図において第３図と同一符号は同−又は相等部分を示
し、（８）は赤外線反射部材、１９１　、　Ｑｏ）は不
要な赤外線、（１１α）、（１１ｂ）は楕円の焦点、（
１２）は楕円の短軸を示す。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, in which the same reference numerals as in FIG. 3 indicate the same or equivalent parts, (8) is an infrared reflecting member, 191, Qo) is Unnecessary infrared rays, (11α) and (11b) are the focus of the ellipse, (
12) indicates the minor axis of the ellipse.

赤外線反射部材（８）は（１１α）、（ｘｘｂ）に焦点
を持つ楕円をその短軸（１２）のまわりに回転させた時
に得られる回転楕円面の形状に形成されている。この楕
円を回転したとき焦点（１１α）、（ｉｌｌ））の軌跡
は円となり、この円を仮に無用と言うことにすると検出
素子（３）は無用の内部（第１図に示す例では無用の中
心位ｆｉｔ）に置かれる。また、赤外線反射部材（８）
はデユワ−（１）の常温部分に置かれている。The infrared reflecting member (8) is formed in the shape of an ellipsoid of revolution obtained by rotating an ellipse having foci at (11α) and (xxb) around its minor axis (12). When this ellipse is rotated, the locus of the focal point (11α), (ill)) becomes a circle, and if we say that this circle is useless, the detection element (3) will move inside the useless interior (in the example shown in Figure 1, it will become useless). It is placed at the center position (fit). In addition, an infrared reflective member (8)
is placed in the room temperature part of the dewar (1).

上記のように構成された赤外線検出器においては、デユ
ワ−１１１の周囲背景から放射される不要赤外線（９）
は赤外線反射部材（８）でしゃ断されて雑音の原因とは
ならない。In the infrared detector configured as described above, unnecessary infrared rays (9) emitted from the background surrounding Dewar-111 are detected.
is blocked by the infrared reflecting member (8) and does not cause noise.

次にデユワ−＋１１内から放射した不要赤外線（１０）
の影響について説明する。赤外線反射部材（８）の反射
面の形状は回転楕円面の形状になっているので、無用内
の部分から放射され赤外線反射部材（８）の表面で反射
される赤外線は無用内に入射され、無用外の部分から放
射され赤外線反射部材（８）の表面で反射される赤外線
は無用外に入射される。ところで、無用内の部分は検出
素子（３１と同時に冷媒容器（５）の冷媒で冷却される
ので、無用内の部分、すなわち検出素子（３）自体及び
取り付は基板（６）からの赤外線放射量は充分に小さく
、雑音の増加が抑制できる、 また、赤外線反射部材（８）の放射率は小さいので、赤
外線放射部材（８）自身からの不要赤外線放射ｔｉｈ小
さく、この影響による雑音の増加は無視できる。Next, unnecessary infrared rays emitted from inside Deyuwar+11 (10)
Explain the impact of Since the shape of the reflecting surface of the infrared reflecting member (8) is a spheroidal shape, the infrared rays emitted from the inner part and reflected by the surface of the infrared reflecting member (8) are incident on the inner part, The infrared rays emitted from the unnecessary parts and reflected by the surface of the infrared reflecting member (8) are incident on the unnecessary parts. By the way, since the unused parts are cooled by the refrigerant in the refrigerant container (5) at the same time as the detection element (31), the unused parts, that is, the detection element (3) itself and its mounting, are exposed to infrared radiation from the substrate (6). The amount is sufficiently small, and the increase in noise can be suppressed. Also, since the emissivity of the infrared reflecting member (8) is small, unnecessary infrared radiation from the infrared emitting member (8) itself is small, and the increase in noise due to this effect is small. Can be ignored.

なお、検出素子（３）の近傍の取り付は基板（６）上に
電極等の高反射率部分が設けられた場合、デユワ−（１
）内外の常温部分から放射された不要赤外線のデユワ−
（１）内における多重反射により・、前記高反射部分の
電極等に入射し、これが反射された後、赤外線反射部材
（８）で再反射されて、検出素子１３）に入射する可能
性がある。これに対して、は、前記高反射率部分の電極
等をたとえばペンキ等の絶縁性赤外線吸収層で被覆して
その影響を除去することができる。In addition, when mounting near the detection element (3), if a high reflectance part such as an electrode is provided on the substrate (6), the dewar (1)
) Dewar of unnecessary infrared rays emitted from normal temperature parts inside and outside
Due to multiple reflections within (1), there is a possibility that the infrared rays may be incident on the electrodes, etc. of the high reflection part, and after being reflected, they may be re-reflected on the infrared reflecting member (8) and may be incident on the detection element 13). . On the other hand, this effect can be removed by covering the electrodes and the like in the high reflectance portions with an insulating infrared absorbing layer such as paint.

第２図はこの発明の他の実施例を示す断面図であって、
第１図と同一符号は同一部分を示し、第２図に示す実施
例ではデユワ−窓（２）自体をその開口部をも含め回転
楕円面の形状に構成し、デユワ−窓（２）の内面は被測
定赤外線（７）を導入する開口部を残して赤外線反射部
材（８）で被覆する。検出素子（３）は無用内に位置す
るように取付けられている。FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the invention,
The same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. The inner surface is covered with an infrared reflecting member (8), leaving an opening through which the infrared rays (7) to be measured are introduced. The detection element (3) is mounted so as to be located in the middle.

第２図に示す構造の赤外線反射部材（８）における不要
赤外線の反射は第１図に示す赤外線反射部材（８）にお
けるものと同様に行われ、第２図に示す実施例は第１図
に示す実施例と同様の動作をする。The reflection of unnecessary infrared rays in the infrared reflecting member (8) having the structure shown in FIG. 2 is performed in the same way as in the infrared reflecting member (8) shown in FIG. 1, and the embodiment shown in FIG. The operation is similar to that of the embodiment shown.

なお、第２図に示す実施例ではデユワ−窓（２）の内面
を赤外線反射部材（８）で被覆したが、デユワ−窓（２
１の外面を赤外線反射部材（８１で被覆しても同様の動
作をする。ただしこの場合、赤外線反射部材（８）で被
覆された部分のデユワ−窓（２）自身゛が放射する不要
赤外線が雑音源に加わるのでその分だけ雑音は増加する
。しかしデユワ−窓（２１の放射率は小さいので、雑音
増加量は小さく実用上問題はない。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the inner surface of the dewar window (2) is coated with an infrared reflecting member (8);
Even if the outer surface of window 1 is covered with an infrared reflecting member (81), the same operation will occur.However, in this case, unnecessary infrared rays emitted by the dewar window (2) itself in the portion covered with the infrared reflecting member (8) will be removed. Since it is added to the noise source, the noise increases accordingly.However, since the emissivity of the dewar window (21) is small, the amount of increase in noise is small and poses no problem in practice.

なお、第１図及び第２図に示す実施例では検出素子（３
１が１個の場合を示したが、この発明はこれに限らず、
複数の検出素子を基板（６）に増り付けた場合にも同様
の効果をもつことは明らかである。In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the detection element (3
Although the case where 1 is one is shown, this invention is not limited to this,
It is clear that a similar effect can be obtained when a plurality of detection elements are added to the substrate (6).

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

この発明は以上説明したとおり、回転楕円面状の赤外線
反射部材を増り付けるという簡単な構造により、コール
ドシールドと同等の雑音低減を行うので、コールドシー
ルドが不要となり、そのため冷却に要する時間が大幅に
短縮されるという効果がある。As explained above, this invention achieves the same noise reduction as a cold shield by adding a spheroidal infrared reflecting member, which eliminates the need for a cold shield, which significantly increases the time required for cooling. This has the effect of being shortened to .

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図はこの発明の一実施例を示す断面図、第２図はこ
の発明の他の実施例を示す断面図、第３図は従来の赤外
線検知器を示す断面図である。 （１）はデユワ−１（２）はデユワ−窓、（３）は量子
形赤外線検出素子、＋５１Ｆｉ冷媒容器（冷却手段）、
（６）は取り付は基板、（７）は被測定赤外線、１８）
は赤外線反射部材、１９１　、　（１０）は不要赤外線
、（１１α）、（１１６）は楕円の焦点、（１２）は楕
円の短軸。 尚、各図中同一符号は同−又は相尚部分を示す。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a conventional infrared detector. (1) is a dewar 1 (2) is a dewar window, (3) is a quantum infrared detection element, +51Fi refrigerant container (cooling means),
(6) is mounted on the board, (7) is the infrared ray to be measured, 18)
is an infrared reflecting member, 191, (10) is an unnecessary infrared ray, (11α), (116) is the focal point of the ellipse, and (12) is the short axis of the ellipse. Note that the same reference numerals in each figure indicate the same or similar parts.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）内部が真空状態にされたデュワーと、このデュワ
ーの一部として設けられ被測定赤外線を通過させる開口
部を有するデュワー窓と、上記デュワー内の上記デュワ
ー窓開口部から入射する被測定赤外線を検出する位置に
設けられた赤外線検出素子と、この赤外線検出素子を冷
却する冷却手段とを有する赤外線検出器において、 上記デュワー窓を、楕円をその短軸のまわりに回転させ
て得られる回転楕円面状に形成し、上記デュワー窓の開
口部を除きこの回転楕円面にデュワー外部から入射する
赤外線もデュワー内部から入射する赤外線も上記回転楕
円面により反射されるようにした赤外線反射部材を構成
し、 上記楕円の二つの焦点が上記楕円の短軸のまわりに回転
した軌跡により表わされる焦円の範囲内に上記赤外線検
出素子を位置させることを特徴とする赤外線検出器。(1) A Dewar whose interior is in a vacuum state, a Dewar window provided as a part of this Dewar and having an opening through which infrared rays to be measured pass, and an infrared ray to be measured which enters from the opening of the Dewar window in the Dewar. In an infrared detector having an infrared detecting element provided at a position for detecting the infrared detecting element and a cooling means for cooling the infrared detecting element, the Dewar window is formed into a spheroidal ellipse obtained by rotating an ellipse around its short axis. The infrared reflecting member is formed into a planar shape and is configured such that infrared rays incident on the spheroidal surface excluding the opening of the Dewar window from the outside of the Dewar and infrared rays incident from inside the Dewar are reflected by the spheroidal surface. . An infrared detector, characterized in that the infrared detecting element is located within the range of a focal circle represented by a locus of two foci of the ellipse rotated around the minor axis of the ellipse. （２）赤外線検出素子の位置する焦円の範囲内における
高反射率部分を、絶縁性赤外線吸収層で被覆したことを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の赤外線検出
器。(2) The infrared detector according to claim (1), characterized in that a high reflectance portion within the range of the focal circle in which the infrared detecting element is located is covered with an insulating infrared absorbing layer.
JP62041656A 1987-02-25 1987-02-25 Infrared detector Expired - Fee Related JPH071198B2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62041656A JPH071198B2 (en) 1987-02-25 1987-02-25 Infrared detector
CA000559704A CA1308283C (en) 1987-02-25 1988-02-24 Infrared detector
US07/160,430 US4937450A (en) 1987-02-25 1988-02-25 Infrared detector comprising an evacuated and cooled Dewar having an elliptical spheroid end window

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62041656A JPH071198B2 (en) 1987-02-25 1987-02-25 Infrared detector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63208726A true JPS63208726A (en) 1988-08-30
JPH071198B2 JPH071198B2 (en) 1995-01-11

Family

ID=12614410

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62041656A Expired - Fee Related JPH071198B2 (en) 1987-02-25 1987-02-25 Infrared detector

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH071198B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH071198B2 (en) 1995-01-11

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