JPS63200937A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to automatically machine a shaft or the like without the preparation of workpiece being changed, by providing, on a longitudinally movable table, with turning and supporting means and fixing and supporting means for a plurality of workpieces so that the both means can be changed over under NC control. CONSTITUTION:A workpiece such as a shaft or the like is held between a lathing head stock 2 and a tail stock 3 on a table 1, and is turned, and is therefore, cut by a cutting tool on a tool head 6 while the table 1 is reciprocated. Then, the tool on the tool head 6 is exchanged with a milling cutter tool, and the table 1 is moved without the workpiece being turned so as to form a key groove or the like and to finish the workpiece. After completion of the machining, a receiving bed 9 is elevated to clamp and support the workpiece while the head stock 2 and the tail stock 3 are retracted, and a milling attachment is mounted on the tool head 6 to carry out an end-facing process and a thread- hole forming process. All of the above-mentioned steps may be carried out by use of an NC device, and are repeated for the next workpiece. Thus, it is possible to enhance the working efficiency.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a machine tool, and particularly to a machine tool suitable for automatic machining of various shafts.

Conventional shafts used in various machines have a keyway around them for transmitting driving force, and a screw hole is drilled on the end face for mounting a driven object. The circumferential surface can be tapered depending on the purpose.

A screw is provided.

In the past, in order to machine the outer circumferential surface of the shaft and the various parts mentioned above, the workpieces were sequentially transferred to a centering machine, lathe, cylindrical grinding machine, key milling machine, and end face drilling machine. There was a drawback that it required 5 hours and hindered work efficiency.

Recently, in order to improve the productivity of heavy workpieces, we fixed the workpiece on a table that can be moved in the longitudinal direction and moved it in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement and in the direction perpendicular to the table surface, for the purpose of machining that does not require setup changes. So-called five-sided machining centers have emerged that have a tool head that is movable and pivotable about an axis perpendicular to the table surface. With this device, it has become possible to mill and end mill the top and four sides of a workpiece set on a table without changing setups. This device is not suitable for processing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that can automatically machine a workpiece, particularly a shaft, without changing the workpiece setup.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the machine tool according to the present invention for `` is provided with a longitudinally movable table, and a table on the table,
A swing support means is provided near the longitudinal end of the workpiece so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction, and is capable of holding both ends of the workpiece and rotating it around its axis, and also being retractable from the workpiece; , fixed support means for fixedly supporting the workpiece on the table, and movement in a direction parallel and perpendicular to the table surface in a plane perpendicular to the movement direction of the table, regardless of movement of the table; The tool head is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the table and has a tool head on which a suitable turning tool and rotary tool can be selectively mounted.

Since the machine tool of the present invention is constructed as described above, both ends of the workpiece are held by the rotating support device on the north side of the table and rotated around its axis, a turning tool is attached to the tool head, and the table is rotated. By moving the machine back and forth, it is possible to turn the circumferential surface of a workpiece in the same way as a lathe. By replacing the tool attached to the tool head with a milling tool using the ATC, it becomes possible to mill key grooves and the like.

After machining of the peripheral surface of the workpiece is completed, by supporting the workpiece by the fixed support means and retracting the swing support means from the workpiece, both end faces of the workpiece can be machined. Therefore,
By attaching tools suitable for each processing to the tool head, milling of the end face and threaded hole processing can be performed.

As described above, according to the machine tool of the present invention, when a workpiece is set on the table, the support means is automatically switched between the rotating support means and the fixed support means by NC control, and the workpiece is mounted on the tool head. By exchanging tools using ATC, all machining can be performed automatically under NC control.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a machine tool to which the present invention is applied.

As shown in the figure, a table 1 is provided so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction, and two turning head stocks 2 are provided near one end of the table 1 in the longitudinal direction, and two tail stocks 3 are provided at the other end of the table 1. The two workpieces are arranged so that their centers are aligned, and two workpieces can be set on the table 1 at the same time in parallel in the longitudinal direction.

Straddling the table 1, a gate-shaped frame 4 is provided fixed to a base. A guide rail is provided on the upper surface of the cross beam 4a of the gate-shaped frame 4, and a saddle 5a that supports the spindle head 5 so as to be movable up and down is movably mounted on the rail. A tool head 6 is provided at the lower end of the spindle head 5, and a turning tool 8a and a rotary tool 8b (see FIG. 2) are removably attached to the lower and side surfaces of the tool head 6. The tool 8 is automatically replaced by an ATC (automatic tool changer) 7 provided on one column 4b of the portal frame 4 according to a cutting program. The tool head 6 can be pivoted 3606 times around a vertical axis and held at any pivot position.

Further, a pedestal 9 is provided on the center side of each of the turning head stock 2 and tail stock 3 of the table 1 so as to be retractable. The pedestal 9 is 1, for example, as shown in detail in FIG.
A pair of members 11 with shaped notches 10 facing each other
．． 12, the center of the cut 10 is made to coincide with the same height as the turning center of the workpiece determined by the turning headstock 2 and tailstock 3, and the members 11 and 12 are brought close to each other to sandwich and turn the workpiece. It can be fixedly supported at the same axial position as in the case of .

Further, a pendant operation panel 13 is provided at the front end of an arm extending forward from the upper end of the tool head, allowing setting and operation of the cannibal program.

Since this device is configured as described above, Table 1
By holding the workpiece on the shaft between the upper turning headstock 2 and tailstock 3, turning the workpiece using the turning headstock 2, moving the table 1 in the front and back direction, and mounting the turning tool on the tool head 6, It can perform the same functions as a lathe.

When the machining of the circumferential surface of the workpiece by turning is completed, the tool on the tool head 6 is replaced with a milling cutter, and by moving the table 1 without turning the workpiece, in addition to machining the keyway on the shaft surface, finishing machining can be performed. Let's do it.

When machining of the circumferential surface of the shaft is completed, the pedestal 9 is raised above the table surface to clamp and support the workpiece, and the turning headstock 2 and tailstock 3 are retracted from the workpiece, as shown in FIG. .

A milling attachment 8b is attached to the seal head 6, and both end faces of the workpiece are milled to form a screw hole.

With the above steps, all workpiece processing can be performed unattended without any errors.

The above describes the procedure for machining a shaft having a keyway on the cylindrical surface and a threaded hole on the end surface using the machine tool of the present invention. Since both ends can be held between the two ends, rotated to any angular position, and held at that position, if an appropriate indexing function is added, it is possible to create a groove on one cylindrical surface, such as a groove for installing a turbine blade, etc. It is now possible to form multiple shafts at intervals, and in addition to machining cylindrical and conical surfaces, for example, as shown in FIG.
0 has a cylindrical part 21, a square cross-section part 22, and a hexagonal cross-section part 2
Machining of shafts with partially different cross-sectional shapes can be easily and automatically performed. In addition, by appropriately programming, it is possible to create shafts with a rice ball-shaped cross section as shown in Figure 5, oval cross sections as shown in Figure 6, and even screw pump rotors as shown in Figure 7. It becomes possible to easily process members of various shapes without rejecting them.

In addition, in the above embodiment, an example was shown in which two sets of workpiece rotation support devices were provided on the table, but this may be one set or three sets, and the support bridge of the spindle head may be of a type other than a portal type. It may be a cantilever beam.

As described above, according to the present invention, once a workpiece is set on a machine tool, machining can be completed automatically without changing the setup of shafts and other members of various shapes. A remarkable effect can be obtained in improving efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a rotary tool mounted on the tool head, and Fig. 3 is a side view showing an example of the cradle. figure,
4 to 7 are perspective views showing examples of members that can be machined with the machine tool of the present invention. 1...Table 2.3...Swivel support means 4...Spindle head support frame 5...Spindle head 6...Tool head 7...ATC 8...Tool 8a...Turning tool 8b... Rotary tool 9... cradle (fixed support means)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A table that is movable in the longitudinal direction; and a table that is provided on the table so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction near both longitudinal ends of the table, which grips both ends of a workpiece, rotates it around its axis, and rotates the workpiece. a rotating support means that can be retracted further; fixed support means that fixedly supports the workpiece on the table when the rotating support means is retracted from the workpiece; movable in directions parallel and perpendicular to the top surface of the table in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the table, and pivotable around an axis perpendicular to the surface of the table, and capable of selectively mounting appropriate turning tools and rotary tools. A machine tool having a tool head.