JPS63193199A - Automatically accompanying apparatus for electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment device that automatically generates accompaniment sounds such as chords in an electronic musical instrument, and particularly relates to a technique for limiting the accompaniment range. .

[Summary of the Invention] The present invention provides a method for changing the pitch of pitch information read from a memory in accordance with chord information based on key presses, and generating accompaniment sounds in accordance with the pitch-changed pitch information. , it is determined whether the accompaniment sound corresponding to the changed pitch information falls within the desired accompaniment range, and if it is determined that it does not fall within the desired accompaniment range, the pitch information is changed again to move it out of the accompaniment range. This is to prevent accompaniment sounds from occurring.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as an automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, a series of pitch information for automatic accompaniment is stored in a memory, and the pitch information is read and read from the memory based on a clock signal. It is known that pitch information is changed in pitch in accordance with chord information based on key presses on an accompaniment keyboard, and accompaniment tones are generated in accordance with the changed pitch information.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] According to the above-mentioned prior art, since pitch change processing is performed, accompaniment sounds can be generated in accordance with pitch information different from that stored in the memory. While this has the advantage of reducing memory capacity, in some cases accompaniment tones may be generated outside the desired accompaniment range, which is undesirable musically.

[Means for Solving the Problems] An object of the present invention is to prevent the generation of undesired accompaniment sounds as described above.

The present invention is characterized in that the automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument as described as the prior art is provided with a limit information generating means, a determining means, and a second pitch changing means.

Here, the limit information generating means is the limit (of the desired accompaniment range).
(at least one of the upper limit and the lower limit) is generated.

The determining means receives the pitch information from the first pitch changing means for changing the pitch of the pitch information read from a storage unit such as a memory, and compares it with the limit information, and the determining means corresponds to the received pitch information. It is determined whether or not the accompaniment sound falls within the accompaniment range.

The second pitch changing means changes the pitch of the pitch information related to the determination so that the corresponding accompaniment note falls within the accompaniment range when the determining means determines that the accompaniment note does not fall within the accompaniment range, and transmits the pitch information.

Then, when it is determined by the determination means that it cannot enter, the first
The accompaniment sound is generated based on the pitch information from the second pitch changing means instead of the pitch information from the second pitch changing means.

[Function] According to the configuration of the present invention, when it is determined that the accompaniment tone corresponding to the pitch information from the first pitch changing means does not fall within the accompaniment range, the pitch information is changed to the corresponding accompaniment tone. The pitch is changed by the second pitch changing means so that the sound falls within the accompaniment range, and an accompaniment sound is generated based on the pitch-changed pitch information.

Therefore, generation of accompaniment sounds outside the accompaniment range can be avoided, and a musically preferable accompaniment effect can be obtained.

[Embodiment] Fig. 1 shows the circuit configuration of an electronic musical instrument equipped with an automatic accompaniment device according to an embodiment of the present invention. generation is now controlled by a microcomputer.

Circuit configuration (FIG. 1) The bus 10 includes a melody keyboard circuit 12, an accompaniment keyboard circuit 14, a control switch group 18, a clock generator 18, a central processing unit (cPU) 20, a program memory 22, and an accompaniment data memory 24. , a register group 2B, a tone generator (TG) 28, etc. are connected thereto.

The melody keyboard circuit 12 includes a melody keyboard such as an upper keyboard, and key operation information is detected for each key.

The accompaniment keyboard circuit 14 includes an accompaniment keyboard such as a lower keyboard, and key operation information is detected for each key.

The control switch group 18 includes various control switches for musical tone control and performance control, and the control switches related to the implementation of this invention include a rhythm type selection switch, a rhythm start/stop switch, etc. .

Clock generator 18 generates a clock signal, which is used as an interrupt command signal to start the clock interrupt routine of FIG.

CPU20 is ROM (read only memory)
Various processes for generating musical tones are executed according to programs stored in the program memory 22 consisting of the following. These processes will be described later with reference to FIGS. 11 to 17.

The accompaniment data memory 24 includes a pattern ROM and a table ROM. The pattern ROM stores accompaniment pattern information as will be described later with reference to FIGS. Various types of table information, which will be described later with reference to FIG. 6, are stored.

The register group 2B includes a large number of registers used in various processing by the CPU 20, and the registers related to the implementation of the present invention will be described later.

The TG 2B generates accompaniment sound signals such as chords, and has, for example, four sound generation channels, and is capable of simultaneously sounding up to four sounds. In addition to the TG 28, tone generators for melody sounds, rhythm sounds, etc. are provided, but their illustrations are omitted.

The sound system 30 is for converting a musical tone signal from a tone generator such as TG 28 into sound.

In the above-mentioned electronic musical instrument, the key press data corresponding to the key pressed in IT and the pitch data constituting the accompaniment pattern consist of key codes representing pitches, and the key code value is for each pitch. Each time is predetermined as shown in FIG.

Storage contents of the table ROM (Figs. 3 to 6) The table ROM in the accompaniment data memory 24 includes a chord detection table CH device (Fig. 3), a group number table GR device (Fig. 4), a pitch correction Table PMTBL (5th
(Figure 6), chord progression determination table 5EQREF (Figure 6)
etc.

The chord detection table CH device is for detecting chords based on the pressed state of the keys on the accompaniment keyboard, and stores chord data corresponding to the pressed key note name and the lowest note of the pressed key for each chord name. are doing. Each chord data is 8-bit data,
The upper 4 bits represent the chord type, and the lower 4 bits represent the root note.

As an example, for a chord base whose root note is C, the memory content is as shown in Figure 3. For example, chord data (root note data and chord (all values of type data are O) are read out. Note that in FIG. 3, the note names shown in parentheses may be omitted with the keys pressed.

Although FIG. 3 shows a storage unit for the root C, similar storage units are provided for root tones other than C as well.

The reason why the lowest note of the pressed keys is taken into consideration in chord detection is to enable detection of different chords with the same key pressed state, such as C17 and Bb6, C6 and As7, for example. Therefore, for example, if you press C-Eb-G-Bb, if the lowest note is either C1G or B'', C
Chord data representing m7 is obtained, and if the lowest note is Eb, chord data representing Bb6 is obtained.

The group number table GR device is for determining the chord type group to which each chord type belongs, and stores group numbers GNO corresponding to the chord type groups, as shown in FIG. 4, for example. In this example, M, M
7.6 is assigned a group number 0 as a major chord type group, m, m7, mj5 are assigned a group number 1 as a minor chord type group, and 7. '7s
Group number 2 is assigned to us4 as a seventh chord type group.

In FIG. 4, the column rTYPEJ shows the value of the chord type register TYPE. The chord type data stored in this register TYPE are chord types M, My,
6, m, m7, m7.7, '7sus 4, respectively. By referring to the group number table GR device using the chord type register TYPE, a group number (chord type group) corresponding to the value (chord type) of the register TYPE can be obtained.

The pitch correction table PMTBL is provided to correct the pitch so that dissonant accompaniment sounds are not generated when changing the pitch of the pitch data (key code) read from the putter yR0M. For example, as shown in Figure 5, 0
, -1, -2, etc. are stored.

In FIG. 5, the rTYPEJ column indicates the value of the chord type register TYPE, as described in FIG.
In the RKCNTJ section, values such as 4.7.9 of the semitone number register RKCNT are shown, and the corresponding E, G,
Note names such as A are shown in parentheses. Register RKC
The number of semitones data corresponding to the note name of the key code read from the pattern ROM is stored in the NT. This semitone number data represents the number of semitones from the root note C, and C, C
-・・・0, l, corresponding to B, respectively
・It takes one of 11 values.

The correction data to be read from the pitch correction table PMTBL is determined by the value of register TYPE and the value of register RKCNT.

The chord progression determination table 5EQREF is provided to determine the mode of transition to a specific chord (in this embodiment, seppence).
storage areas S E Q RE F + (i=0 to 11
), and stores 8 bits of judgment standard data in each storage area. Of the 8 bits of 0 judgment standard data, the lower 4 bits are the root pitch difference between a specific chord and the chord immediately before it. The upper 4 bits are old chord type data representing the type of chord immediately before a specific chord.

In FIG. 6, for example, when the current chord is 07, an old chord (a chord immediately before G7) corresponding to the criterion data of each storage area is illustrated.

In FIG. 6, the column rsEVPTJ shows the value of the seven pattern number register 5EVPT. The pattern number register for sevens stored in this register 5EVPT takes any one of values 0, 1, and 2 corresponding to the normal pattern for sevenths, and the 0th and ml variation patterns for sevenths, respectively. here,
The 0th variation pattern is a final accompaniment pattern, and the first variation pattern is a transitional accompaniment pattern.

The register 5EVPT is set to a different value depending on the chord immediately before a specific chord (seventh). In other words, the previous chord is stored in the storage area 5EQREFo N
5EQREF When any of the criteria data of 7 is met, 1 is set in register 5EWPT, and storage area 5EQREF is set.

~5EQREF++ If any of the judgment criteria data is met, 2 is set in register 5EVPT, and 5
EQREF (l If it does not correspond to any of the judgment criteria data of N5EQREFt+, set 0 to register 5EVPT.
is set.

Storage contents of the pattern ROM (FIGS. 7 to 1θ) The pattern ROM in the accompaniment pattern memory 24 stores data as shown in FIG. 7 for each rhythm type, such as march and waltz. In other words, FIG. 7 shows a data format corresponding to a specific rhythm type among the contents stored in the pattern ROM.

In FIG. 7, SEQ is a sequence storage section, PTN is a pattern storage section, ADR5 is a first address storage section, and ADR5 is a first address storage section.
DR52 is the second address storage section, CHASS is the first number of pronunciation storage section, CHASS2 is the second number of pronunciation storage section, U
PLMT is an upper limit pitch storage section, and QUANT is a tempo clock number storage section.

The sequence storage unit SEQ includes 0th, first, and second sequence storage units SEQ(0) and S E corresponding to major, minor, and seventh chord types, respectively.
Q(1) and S E Q (2).

The Oth to second sequence storage sections all store 18-bit sequence data that represents the pattern progression for 8 bars as an array of pattern numbers PNO, and each pattern number is represented by 2 bits. There is.

As an example, the 0th sequence storage unit S E Q (0)
Sequence data representing a pattern progression such as r01230123J is stored in the first sequence storage unit S E Q (1), sequence data representing a pattern progression such as “rololololol” is stored in the first sequence storage unit S E Q (1), and sequence data representing a pattern progression such as “rololololol” is stored in the second sequence storage unit. Sequence data representing pattern progression such as ro1212012J is stored.

The pattern storage unit PTN includes 0th, first, and second normal pattern storage units PTNM, PTNm, and PTNS corresponding to major, minor, and seventh chord types, respectively, and a variation pattern storage unit PTNV. I'm here.

The 0th normal pattern storage unit PTNM stores pattern data representing the Oth to third normal patterns, each corresponding to one bar, specified by the sequence data of the 0th sequence storage fisEQ(0).

The first normal pattern storage unit PTNm stores pattern data representing the O-th and first normal patterns for one bar each, which are specified by the sequence data of the first sequence storage unit 5EQ(1). Storage part PTN
If necessary, accompaniment patterns for two additional measures can be stored in m.

The second normal pattern storage unit PTNS stores pattern data representing O-th to second normal patterns, each corresponding to one measure, specified by the sequence data of the second sequence storage unit 5EQ(2). Storage part PTNS
If necessary, it is possible to store an accompaniment pattern for one bar.

The variation pattern storage unit PTNV stores pattern data each representing the 0th and first variation patterns for one bar. The Oth and first variation patterns are for the seventh, and the pattern in the storage unit PTNS is used as the normal pattern for the seventh. When a seventh chord is specified on the accompaniment keyboard, register 5 is used to determine whether to use the normal pattern, the 0th variation pattern, or the 1st variation pattern.
It is determined by the value of EVPT (seventh pattern number), and if EVPT is O, the normal pattern is selected, if it is 1, the 0th variation pattern is selected, and if it is 2, the first variation pattern is selected. Therefore, for the seventh, it is possible to perform automatic accompaniment with a wide variety of variations using three types of patterns.

As described above, if the sequence data and pattern data are stored separately and the pattern is selected and read out based on the sequence data for each measure, it is possible to directly store accompaniment patterns for 8 measures and read them out in measure order. In comparison, the amount of data to be stored is small. This is because even if the same pattern appears multiple times in one, for example, eight measures, only one pattern is required to be stored. Furthermore, since sequence data and pattern data are stored for each chord type group such as major, minor, and seventh, the amount of data to be stored can be reduced compared to the case where these data are stored for each chord type.

The first address storage unit ADR3 stores the start address of each of the normal patterns described above, and the second address storage unit ADR32 stores the start address of each of the above-mentioned /<reciprocal shoulder patterns. The start address of each normal pattern can be selected and read out according to the group number (any one of O to 2) and pattern number (one of 0 to 3), and the start address of each variation pattern can be read out according to the group number (one of O to 2) and the pattern number (one of 0 to 3) It can be selected and read out according to the pattern number (O or l).

The first polyphony number storage section CHASS stores polyphony data representing the simultaneous polyphony number (any of 1 to 4) of each normal pattern described above, and the second polyphony number storage section CHASS
S2 stores the number of pronunciation data representing the number of simultaneous pronunciations (any one of 1 to 4) of each of the above-mentioned vari-nignon patterns. The number of pronunciation data for each normal pattern can be selected and read out according to the group number and pattern number in the same way as the start address of the normal pattern described above, and the number of pronunciation data for each variation pattern can be read out by selecting
Similar to the case of the start address of the variation pattern described above, it can be selected and read out according to the variation pattern number.

The upper limit pitch storage unit UPLMT stores the key code that is the upper limit of the desired accompaniment range (for example, 7θ corresponding to G5 note).
is memorized. This stored key code is used, when changing the pitch of the key code read from the 7-pattern ROM, to perform control so that the changed pitch falls within the accompaniment range.

The tempo clock number storage section Q'U A N T stores the number of tempo clocks per measure according to the time signature of the rhythm; 24 is stored for a triple time signature, and 32 is stored for a 4 time signature.

FIG. 8 shows a storage example of the pattern storage unit PTN. In this example, as in the case of FIG. 7, the Oth to third normal patterns are stored in the f11 section PTNM, the Oth and first normal patterns are stored in the storage section PTNm, and the The 0th to 2nd normal patterns are stored in the storage unit PTNV, and the 0th and 1st variation patterns are stored in the storage unit PTNV.

In Fig. 8, each rectangle such as T1, T2, etc. indicates a group of pitch data that constitutes a pattern, and each pattern has a maximum of 4 pitch data.
It consists of two pitch data groups. - As an example, the 0th normal pattern of the major system is composed of three pitch data groups T1 to T3, and by using this pattern, up to three tones can be sounded at the same time. Similarly, for other patterns, the number of rectangles for each pattern corresponds to the number of notes that can be sounded simultaneously.

Each pitch data group is, as shown representatively for TI,
Key codes KC necessary for playing one measure of a single note are arranged according to the address progression.

rAJ, "B"...rK attached to each pattern
The code J represents the start address of the corresponding pattern.

In the case where the pattern is stored in the pattern storage unit PTN as described above, the first and second address storage units ADR
The storage contents of 3 and ADR 52 and the storage contents of first and second pronunciation number storage sections CHASS and CHASS2 are as follows. Here, ADR3 and CHAS
For S, the address specified by group number GNO and pattern number PNO is expressed as (GNO, PNO), and for ADR32 and CHASS2, the data specified by variation pattern number VNO is expressed as (V N O). shall be expressed as

DR3 (0,0)=A (0,1)=B・(0,2)
=C(0,3)=D(1,0) =E(1,1) =F(2,0
)=C(2,1)=H (2,2)=I DR32 (0)=J (1)=KHASS (0,0)=3 (0,1)=2(0,2)
=2 (0,3)=3(1,0)=2
(1,1)=1(2,0)=,1 (2
, 1) = 1 (2, 2) = 3 CHASS2 (0) = 2 (1) = 44θ The figure shows an example of an accompaniment pattern, and this example shows the highest pitch data T1. 2nd highest T2. 3rd highest T3 and lowest T4 4
It includes a group.

Figure 10 shows the accompaniment pattern in Figure 9 as pitch data group TI.
- This shows the data format when stored in the pattern storage unit PTN as T4, and for convenience, unlike FIG. 8, it shows the arrangement of key codes KC regarding horizontal address progression, where the key code value is O. represents key-off (no sound).

Assuming the first address is A, the address progression is 0.
1.2...etc. are added to each other.

In the case of quadruple time, there are 32 addresses for one pitch data group (for example, A+O to A+31 for Tl), and the value (32) in the storage section QUANT mentioned above has 0.1.2 for each.
．． When multiplied by 3 and added to A, pitch data group T1. T2,
Starting address A+O1A+32, A of each of T3 and T4
164, A+96 can be determined. Then, by adding the count value of the tempo clock counter (described later) to each start address, if there is a key code that should be sounded with that count value, up to four notes can be sounded simultaneously.0For example, if the count value of the tempo clock counter is 31 Assuming that, for Tl, A+31. A+63 for T2
, A+85 for T3, A+1 for T4
27 are respectively addressed, thereby making it possible to simultaneously produce four tones corresponding to the key code values 87.82.58.48.

In the case of triple time, the number of addresses for one pitch data group is 24, and the stored value in the storage unit QUANT is 24, but the method of address specification is the same as in the case of four time signature.

Register Group 2B Among the registers included in register group 2B, those related to the implementation of the present invention are listed below.

(1) Run flag RUN: This is a 1-bit register, and if it is 1, it means that the rhythm is running, and if it is 0, it means that the rhythm is stopped.

(2) Clock counter CLK...This counts the clock signal from the clock generator 18.
It takes a count value of θ to 95 within one measure, and is reset to O when it becomes H.

(3) Tempo clock counter TCLK...This is
It takes a different count value depending on the time signature, and in the case of a triple time signature, the count value is 1 for every 4 pulses of the clock signal.
up and take a count value of 0 to 23 within one measure, and
It is reset to 0 when it reaches 4, and in the case of 4 beats, the count value increases by 1 every 3 pulses of the clock signal, taking a count value of 0 to 31 within one bar, and when it reaches 32, it resets to 0. will be reset to

(4) Bar counter BAR...This is counter CL
Every time the K value reaches 88 (at the end of the bar), the count value increases by 1 and takes a count value of θ to 7 within 8 bars, and the timing when the count value reaches 8 (at the end of the 8th bar)
It is reset to O.

(5) +- coat buffer register KEYBUF 6
” K E Y B U F 3...These registers correspond to the four sound generation channels of the TG28, and store key codes corresponding to keys pressed on the accompaniment keyboard.

(e) Chord buffer register CHDBUF...This is for accompaniment! This is an 8-bit register for storing chord data read from the chord detection table CHDTBL based on the key press state on the keyboard.The upper 4 bits contain the chord type data, and the lower 4 bits contain the root note. Data is stored respectively.

(7) Chord register for sound production CHORD...This is.

It receives chord data from register CHDBUF,
The configuration is similar to CHDEUF. When the rhythm is stopped, chord generation in TG2B is controlled according to the chord data in the register CHORD.

(8) Old chord register 0LDCHD: This receives chord data that has already been sounded from the register CWORD, and has the same configuration as CI (ORD).

(8) Old root note register 0LDRT...This is the register.

It receives the root note data of the lower 4 bits from the star 0LDCHD.

(lO) Root note register ROOT: This receives the root note data of the lower 4 bits from the register CWORD.

(11) Chord type register TYPE: This register receives the upper 4 bits of chord type data from the register CHORD.

(12) Group number register GRP...This is
The group number GNO (any one of 0 to 2) detected using the group number table GR device is set.

(13) Seventh pattern number register 5EvPT
...This is where the seventh pattern number (any one of θ to 2) is set.

(14) Haturn key code register PTNKC...
- This is where the key code read from the pattern storage unit PTN is stored.

(15) Semitone number register RKCNT: This is used to store semitone number data representing the number of semitones corresponding to the pitch name of the key code read from the pattern storage unit PTN.

(, 1B) Sequence register PATSEQ: This is where sequence data read from the sequence storage section SEQ is stored.

(1?) Pattern number register FTNO...This is the pattern number P read from register PATSEQ.
NO (any of 0 to 3) is set.

(18) First address register PTADRS: This is set with the top address read from the first address storage unit ADRS or the second address storage unit ADR32. (18) Second address register PTADR52...
This is to set the read address of the pattern storage section PTN, which is determined according to the data of the register PTADR3, counter TCLK, storage section QUANT, etc.

(20) Modified data register ADDKC...This is
The correction data read from the pitch correction table P device is stored.

(21) Pronunciation register CH: This is the first pronunciation number storage unit CHASS or the second pronunciation number storage unit CHASS.
The number of pronunciation data read from No. 2 is stored.

(22) Chord comparison register CMPCHD...This is an 8-bit register, and the upper 4 bits store the old chord type data from register 0LDCHD, and the lower 4 bits store the register ROOT. and pitch difference data representing the root pitch difference calculated based on the root pitch data of 0LDRT are stored.

(23) Key code register for sound production KEYCOD...
This includes registers PTNKC, ADDKC and ROOT
The key code for pronunciation created based on the data is stored. During rhythm running, TG2
8, accompaniment sound generation is controlled according to the key code of the register KEYCOD.

(20 old key code register 0LDKEYo ~ 0LDK
EY3: These registers respectively correspond to the four sound generation channels of the TG 28, and receive the key code from the register KEYCOD and temporarily store it.

In addition, in the flowchart to be explained later, a, MOD
, b is shown, which indicates the calculation of a remainder by dividing a by b (integer operation) or the obtained remainder.

Main Routine (FIG. 11) FIG. 11 shows the processing flow of the main routine. In step 40, a flag RUN, for example, is set to 0, which is used to perform initialization processing when the power is turned on.

Next, in step 42, it is determined whether the rhythm start/stop switch (SW) is on. If this determination result is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 44.

In step 44, the value obtained by subtracting the value of the flag RUN from 1 is set to RUN. Therefore, when RUN is O, RUN = 1 (rhythm running), and RUN
When is 1, RUN=0 (rhythm stopped).

After this, the process moves to step 46.

In step 48, it is determined whether RUN is 1 or not. If the result of this judgment is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 48, and initial setting processing related to autorhythm and autocode is performed, that is, the counters CLK, TCLK, and BAR are all set to 0, and the register OL D K
EY3 is set to 0, and FF data (all bits are 1) is set in hexadecimal notation to register 0LDCHD.

When the process of step 48 is completed, the process moves to step 50. Also, if the determination result in step 42 or 4B is negative (
N), the process also moves to step 50.

In step 50, it is determined whether there is a key-on event on the accompaniment keyboard. If this judgment result is positive (Y),
The process moves to step 52, and a subroutine for key press processing, which will be described later with reference to FIG. 12, is executed.

When the process of step 52 is completed or the determination result of step 50 is negative (N), the process moves to step 54, and it is determined whether there is a key-off event on the accompaniment keyboard. If this determination result is positive (Y), step 5B
Then, a subroutine for key release processing, which will be described later with reference to FIG. 13, is executed.

When the process of step 58 is completed or the determination result of step 54 is negative (N), the process moves to step 58 and other processes (for example, timbre selection, rhythm selection, etc.) are performed.

When the process of step 58 is completed, the process returns to step 42 and the above-described process is repeated.

Subroutine for key press processing (FIG. 12) In the subroutine for key press processing shown in FIG.
E Determine if YBUF3 is empty. If the result of this determination is negative (N), it is impossible to import key press data, and the process returns to the routine of FIG. 11.

If the determination result in step 60 is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step B2, where the key code corresponding to the key with the key-on event is written in the empty KEYEUF, and the process moves to step 84.

In step B4, KEYBUFo −KEYBUF3
The chord data corresponding to the contents of is read from the chord detection table CH device and stored in the register CHDBUF. and,
Proceed to step 8B.

In step 86, it is determined whether RUN is 1 or not. If this determination result is negative (N), the process moves to step 68, and the CH
Put the chord data of DBUF into register CMORD.

Then, move on to Sukai Tsubu 70.

In step 70, T is selected according to the chord data of CHORD.
By controlling G28, a chord corresponding to the key depression state is generated. After this, the process returns to the routine shown in FIG.

Note that if the determination result in step 6B is affirmative (Y), the process returns to the routine of FIG. 11. In this case, since RUN=1 (rhythm running), the autorhythm and autochord are played according to the clock interrupt routine described later with reference to FIG.

Key release processing subroutine (FIG. 13) In the key release processing subroutine of FIG.
E YBUF3 had a key-off event! (
gl key) is present. If the result of this determination is negative (N), it means that a key-off event unrelated to the sound being generated has occurred, and the process returns to the routine shown in FIG.

If the determination result in step 80 is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 82, and the KEYB with the same key code is
Set UF to 0. Then, the process moves to step 84.

In step 84, it is determined whether the flag RUN is 1. If this determination result is affirmative (Y), step 6B described above
As in the case of , the routine returns to the routine shown in FIG.

When the determination result in step 84 is negative (N), the process moves to step 8B, and K E Y B U FO ~ K
According to the contents of EYBUF3, chord data is read from the chord detection table CH device and placed in register CHDBUF. Then, the process moves to step 88.

At step 88, the chord data of CHDBUF is placed in register CWORD. Then move on to step 30,
By controlling the TG 28 according to the chord data of CWORD, a chord corresponding to the key depression state after the key is released is generated. As a result, if, for example, four tones are being produced and the key corresponding to one of them is released, the remaining three tones will continue to be produced.

When the process of step 30 is completed, the process returns to the routine of FIG. 11.

Clock Interrupt Routine (FIG. 14) FIG. 14 shows the processing flow of the clock interrupt routine, and this routine is started every time a clock pulse is generated from the clock generator 18.

First, in step 100, it is determined whether the flag RUN is 1 or not. If the result of this determination is negative (N), the process returns to the routine of FIG. 11.

If the determination result in step 100 is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 102. In this step 102, it is determined whether the calculation result by the calculation formula R is O. In this calculation formula, CLK is the count value of counter CLK, Q
UANT each represents a stored value in the storage unit QUANT.

In the case of triple time, QUANT=24, so 96/
Q U A N T becomes 4, and the determination result in step 102 becomes affirmative (Y) every 4 claws. Also, 4
In the case of beat, QUANT = 32, so 98/QUANT is 3, and the determination result in step 102 becomes affirmative (Y) every three clocks.

If the determination result in step 102 is negative (N), the process returns to the routine of FIG. 11, but if it is positive (Y), the process moves to step 104.

In step 104, rhythm generation processing is performed according to the selected rhythm type and the value of the counter TCLK, that is, the rhythm pattern corresponding to the selected rhythm type is referred to and generated at a timing corresponding to the count value of TCLK. If there is a rhythm sound that should be played, pronounce it. Then, the process moves to step 10B.

In step 108, a subroutine for accompaniment sounding as will be described later with reference to FIG. 15 is executed. This subroutine is for automatically generating chords using an accompaniment pattern corresponding to the selected rhythm type.

Next, in step 108, the value of TCLK is incremented by 1, and then the process moves to step 110, where it is determined whether the calculation result based on the calculation formula of TCLK, MOD, and 8 is 0. In this calculation formula, TCLK represents the count value of counter TCLK, and a calculation result of 0 means that it is the beginning of a beat.

If the determination result in step 110 is affirmative (Y) (it is the beginning of a beat), the process moves to step 112, and the chord data in register CWORD is placed in register 0LDCHD. Then, the process moves to step 114, where the register CHD
Insert the BUF chord data into CWORD. Therefore, in the case of autochord, even if new chord data is set to CHDBUF due to a chord change in the middle of a certain beat, the new chord data will be set to CHORD at the beginning of the next beat. From this timing, accompaniment based on the new chord data becomes possible.

When the process of step 114 is completed or step 110
If the judgment result is negative (N), step 1
The program moves to 1B and increments the value of counter CLK by 1. Then, the process moves to step 118.

In step 118, the value of CLK is 36 or a bunch of C measures)
judge. If this judgment result is negative (N), the first
Return to the routine shown in Figure 1.

When the determination result in step 118 is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 120, and the counter CLK and TCL
Set K to 0. Then, in step 122, the value of the counter BAR is incremented by 1, and then the process moves to step 124, where it is determined whether the value of BAR is 8 or not. If the result of this determination is negative (N), the process returns to the routine of FIG. 11.

If the determination result in step 124 is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 12El, and O is set in BAR. When O is set in BAR at the end of 8 measures in this way, it means that the automatic accompaniment for 8 measures has ended, and after this, the automatic accompaniment for 8 measures is repeated again with the same content as the previous time.

When the process of step 128 is completed, the process returns to the routine of FIG. 11.

Accompaniment sound generation subroutine (Fig. 15) In the accompaniment sound generation subroutine shown in Fig. 15, at step 130, the data (chord type data) of the upper 4 bits of the register CHORD is set in the register TYPE. Then, the process moves to step 132.

In step 132, it is determined whether the value of TYPE is 6 (seventh). If the result of this determination is negative (N), the process moves to step 134.

In step 134, a group number GNO (chord type group) corresponding to the value of TYPE (chord type) is detected from the group number table GR device and set in the register GRP. Then, the process moves to step 13B.

In step 136, the sequence data corresponding to the group number of GRP is read from the storage unit SEQ and stored in the register PATSEQ. Then, the process moves to step 138.

In step 138, counter BAR is calculated from PATSEQ.
The pattern number PN0 of the bar corresponding to the value of is read out and placed in the register FTNO. For example, when the major sequence data in the storage unit 5EQ(0) in FIG. 7 is selected in step 136, if the value of BAR is 0, PNO=O of the first bar is set to PTNO.

Next, in step 140, GRP is stored from the storage unit ADR3.
Read the start address of the normal pattern specified by the value (group number) and the value (pattern number) of FTNO and put it in the register PTADBS 0. For example, the sequence data of S E Q (0) is selected as shown above. In this case, if the pattern data is stored in the storage section PTM as described above with reference to FIG. 8, if GRP=O and FTNO=0, the storage section PTN
The starting address A of the O-th normal pattern of M is PTAD
Set to R5. After this, the process moves to step 142.

In step 142, as in the case of step 140, the number of sounds of the normal pattern specified by GR"P and FTNO is read out and stored in the register CH. Then, the process moves to step 144.

In step 144, a subroutine for reading the pattern is executed, as will be described later with reference to FIG.

This subroutine is for reading out the key codes constituting the accompaniment pattern and controlling accompaniment sound generation.

After step 144, the process returns to the routine shown in FIG.

By the way, when the determination result in step 132 is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 145, and a subroutine for seventh processing is executed as will be described later with reference to FIG. This subroutine is for setting a seventh pattern number from 0 to 2 in register 5EVPT depending on the mode of transition to seventh. After step 145, the process moves to step 148.

In step 146, it is determined whether the value of 5EVPT is O (or is it a normal pattern for sevenths). If this determination result is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 134 and the subsequent processes are executed in the same manner as described above.

If the determination result in step 14B is negative (N), the process moves to step 147. In this step 147,
The start address of the variation pattern specified by subtracting 1 from the value of 5EVPT (variation pattern number) is read from the storage unit ADR32 and the PTA is executed.
Put it in DR3.

Then, the process moves to step 148.

In step 148, as in the case of step 147 above, the number of pronunciation data of the variation pattern specified by 5EVPT-1 is read out from the storage unit CHASS2, and
Put it in.

After this, the process returns to the routine of FIG. 14 through the process of step 144 in the same manner as described above.

Seventh processing subroutine (Fig. 16) In the seventh processing subroutine shown in Fig. 16, in step 150, the lower 4 bits (root note data) of register CWORD are
into register ROOT. And step 152
Move to.

In step 152, the lower 4 bits (root note data) of register 0LDCHD are placed in register OLCRT. Then, the process moves to step 154.

Step 154 is (ROOT-OLDRT+12
), MOo, and 12 are stored in the lower 4 bits of register CMPCHD. In this formula, ROOT is the register ROOT (
7) Express the value of OL D RT / register 0 LDRT, and set 12 to (ROOT-OLDRT).
The purpose of adding is to prevent the difference from becoming negative.

According to this calculation formula, it is possible to find the root pitch difference (any number of semitones from O to 11) between the seventh chord and the chord immediately before it, and the lower 4 bits of CMPCHD contain 1 Pitch difference data representing the root pitch difference is stored.

Next, in step 156, the upper 4 bits of 0LDCHD (old chord type data) are set in the upper 4 bits of CMPCHD. Then, the process moves to step 158.

In step 158, the control variable i is set to zero. and,
Proceeding to step 160, the chord progression determination table 5EQR
It is determined whether the criterion data of the i-th storage area 5EQREF1 in EF and the data of CMPCHD match. If the result of this determination is negative (N), the process moves to step 162.

In step 182, the value of i is increased by 1. and,
Proceeding to step 164, it is determined whether i is 12 or more. Only after setting i=O in this step 158 is step 16
When it comes to 4, since i=1, the judgment result is negative (
N), and the process returns to step 160. If no match is obtained even after sequentially comparing the contents of storage areas 5EQREFa to 5EQREF++ with the contents of CMPCHD in this way, the determination result in step 184 is affirmative (Y).
Then, the process moves to step IEf8.

In step 16B, register 5EVPT is set to 0. Then, the process returns to the routine shown in FIG. In this case, in the routine of FIG.
Processes 34 to 144 are performed, and accompaniment sounds are generated according to the normal pattern for 7ths.

When the determination result in step 160 is positive (Y) in the above sequential comparison (a match is obtained),
Proceed to step 188.

In step 188, it is determined whether i is greater than 7 (or whether a transitional accompaniment pattern should be selected). If this determination result is negative (N), the process moves to step 170 and the 5EVPT
Set 1 to . Then, the process returns to the routine shown in FIG.

If the determination result in step 168 is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 172 and 5EVPT is set to 2. Then, the process returns to the routine shown in FIG.

When returning to the routine of FIG. 16 via step 188 or 172, steps 147, 148, and 144 are performed in the routine of FIG.
Accompaniment sounds are generated according to variation pattern number O or 1 (7).

Pattern reading subroutine (Fig. 17) In the pattern reading subroutine of Fig. 17, step 18
0, the control variable i is set to 0.

Then, the process moves to step 182.

In step 182, PTADR3+TCLK+i
The calculation result using the calculation formula QUANT is stored in the register PTA.
Put it in DR52. In this calculation formula, PTADBS
is the value of register PTADR3, and TCLK is the value of counter T.
According to this calculation formula, the read address of the pattern storage unit PTN can be determined, and the determined read address is stored in PTADBS2. The address is set to 0. For example, when step 182 is reached for the first time after step 180, i=0, so PTADBS is set to A shown in FIG. 9, and TCLK=
If it is O, the start address (A+0) of T1 in FIG. 9 is set in PTADBS2. After this, step 1
Move to 84.

In step 184, PTADBS2 is stored from the storage unit PTN.
Read the data at the address specified by register PT.
Enter NKC. Then, the process moves to step IE16.

In step 188, it is determined whether the value of PTNKC is 0 (no sound is generated). If the result of this determination is negative (N), the process moves to step 188, and the calculation result based on the calculation formula PTNKC, MOD, and 12 is stored in the register RKCNT. In this calculation formula, PTNKC indicates the key code value of register PTNKC. According to this calculation formula, PTNKC
The number of semitones (any one from 0 to 11) corresponding to the note name of the key code can be obtained, and the number of semitones data representing the number of semitones from the root note C is stored in RKCNT. After this, the process moves to step 190.

In step 180, correction data corresponding to the contents of the registers TYPE and RKCNT is read from the pitch correction table P device and stored in the register ADDKC. Then, the process moves to step 192.

In step 182, PTNKC+ADDKC+ROO
The calculation result using the calculation formula T is stored in the register KEYCOD. In this calculation formula, PTNKC, ADDKC
and ROOT are registers PTNKC and ADDK, respectively.
The values of C and ROOT are shown. According to this calculation formula, the key code of the pattern stored with the root note C as a reference is changed in pitch according to the root note of the chord specified on the accompaniment keyboard, and when the pitch is changed, there is no dissonance. The pitch can be corrected according to the correction data so that the sound does not become audible. For example, if you specify chord A- on the accompaniment keyboard, TYPE=3,
ROOT=9. In this case, PTNKC
=40(E2), RKCNT is 4 and ADDKC is -1. Therefore, 40-1+9=48(c3) is set in KEYCOD.

After step 182, the process moves to step 184.

In step 184, the value of KEYCOD is
It is determined whether the value is greater than the MT value (whether the upper limit pitch has been exceeded). If this determination result is affirmative (Y), step 1984
．． : Transfer, KEYCOD value color 12 all colors 12 (1
(lower octave) set to KEYCOD.

Then, the process returns to step 194 and the same determination as above is made again. Such processing will cause the value of KEYCOD to UP.
This is repeated until the pitch becomes equal to or less than the value of LMT, and the value of KEYCOD finally corresponds to a pitch that is equal to or less than the upper limit pitch.

If the determination result in step 194 is originally negative (N) or becomes negative (N) as a result of the processing in step 1136, the process moves to step 198.

In step 198, it is determined whether the value of KEYCOD matches the value of the i-th old key code register 0LDKEYi (previous key code value). This judgment result is negative (N)
If so, the key code of KEYCOD is set to 0LDKEYi in step 200, and then the process moves to step 202, in which tone generation of the i-th channel (initially the O-th channel) of the TG 28 is controlled in accordance with the key code of KEYCOD. As a result, if the key code value 48 is set in KEYCOD as in the above example, the corresponding C
Three sounds are pronounced. Note that when the next sound is to be produced while one sound continues to be produced, the previous sound is rapidly attenuated before the subsequent sound is produced.

The reason for the above is that the determination result in step 186 is negative (N
), step 188
The flow of processing when the determination result is positive (Y) is as follows. That is, in this case, since the value of PTNKC is 0 (non-sounding), steps 188 to 136 are performed.
The process moves to step 204 without going through the process described above.

Step 204 puts the PTNKC (7) value (0) into KECOD. Then, proceed to step 198,
It is determined whether the value (0) of KEYCOD matches the value of OLD KEY i. If this judgment result is negative (N), move to Sufu-, P200, KEYCOD (7)
After entering the value (0) into the OL D K E Y + 6 degree, in step 202, the i-th channel (initially the θ-th channel) of TG2B is set to stop sounding according to the value (0) of KEYCOD. Control.

Regardless of whether the determination result in step 188 is negative or positive, step 202 is followed by step 202.
Move to B. Further, the determination result in step 198 is positive (
If the result is Y), there is no need to perform processing such as starting or stopping one sound, so the process moves to step 206 without going through steps 200 and 202.

In step 208, the value of i is increased by 1. and,
Proceeding to step 208, it is determined whether i is smaller than the value of register CH. The CH stores polyphony number data indicating the number of notes that can be produced simultaneously for the selected accompaniment pattern, and if the value of this data is 1, step 18
When step 208 is reached for the first time after 0, since i is 1, the determination result is negative (N) and the process returns to the routine of FIG. This is the case, for example, when a pattern is composed of a single pitch data group, such as the pattern shown with the leading address F in FIG.

If the pattern is composed of a plurality of pitch data groups, for example, as shown in FIG. 8 T1 to T3, step 208
The determination result becomes affirmative (Y), and the process returns to step 182. Then, in step 20B, the above process is repeated until 1=cH, and when 1=cH, the 15th
Return to the routine shown in the figure. As a result, for example, the 10th
As described above with reference to the figure, multiple sounds (up to four sounds) can be produced simultaneously.

Modifications The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but can be implemented in various modifications. For example, the following changes are possible.

(1) Although the upper limit (treble limit) is set as the limit of the accompaniment range, a lower limit (lower limit) may be set, or both the upper limit and the lower limit may be set.

(2) Although the accompaniment range was determined in consideration of the contents of the accompaniment pattern, it may also be determined in consideration of the accompaniment tone color and the like.

(3) Although autochord has been exemplified as the auto-p accompaniment, the present invention is also applicable to auto-bass and the like.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, since the pitch information that has been changed in pitch is changed again in pitch to generate an accompaniment sound within the accompaniment range, a musically preferable accompaniment can be created. It is effective.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of an electronic musical instrument equipped with an automatic accompaniment device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing key code values for each pitch, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the stored contents of the storage unit regarding the root note C in the chord detection table CHDTBL, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the stored contents of the group number table GR device, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the stored contents of the pitch correction table P device. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the storage contents of the chord progression determination table 5EQREF; FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the storage contents of the pattern ROM; FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a storage example of the pattern storage unit PTN; FIG. 9 is a staff diagram showing an example of an accompaniment pattern, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a storage data format of the accompaniment pattern of FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the main routine, and FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for key release processing; FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a clock interrupt routine; FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for accompaniment sounding; FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for seventh processing, and FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for pattern reading. 10...Bass, 14...Accompaniment keyboard circuit, 16...
- Control switch group, 18... Clock generator, 20.
...Central processing unit, 22...Program memory, 24
...Accompaniment data memory, 26...Register group, 28
...Tone generator, 30...Sound system. Applicant Nippon Gakki Mfg. Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Satoshi Izawa (Conclusion 1)'S Figure 5 (Contents of 2 parts of the member correction table PMTBL) Figure 9 (Aoi Shiku Coutts's friend) Figure 9 0 nog turn 1st pattern Tsumugi 2nd pattern M3
Pakun 11th prisoner (main routine)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (a) A keyboard for accompaniment; (b) chord detection means for detecting a chord based on the state of the keys pressed on the keyboard; (c) a series of pitch information for automatic accompaniment; (d) a clock generator that generates a clock signal; (e)
) reading means for reading pitch information from the storage section based on a clock signal from the clock generator; (f) converting the pitch information read by the reading means into the chord detected by the chord detecting means; (g) an electronic accompaniment generating means that generates an accompaniment sound based on the pitch information from the first pitch changing means; In an automatic accompaniment device for a musical instrument, (h) means for generating limit information corresponding to the limit of a desired accompaniment range; (i) comparing pitch information from the first pitch changing means with the limit information; (j) determining whether or not an accompaniment note corresponding to the pitch information falls within the accompaniment range; and a second pitch changing means for changing the pitch so that the accompaniment sound falls within the accompaniment range, and in the accompaniment sound generating means, when it is determined by the determining means that the accompaniment sound does not fall within the accompaniment range, An automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, characterized in that an accompaniment sound is generated based on pitch information from the second pitch changing means instead of pitch information from the pitch changing means.