JPS63178730A - Method of increasing load capability of installed low voltage power distribution network by centralized control changing of periodical power consuming apparatuses - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for increasing the load capacity of an installed low-voltage power distribution network by centrally controlled switching of periodic power consumers. In the method according to the invention,
An addressable receiving device is provided in the periodic power consumer and/or group of periodic power consumers, the periodic power consumer being connected to the power distribution network via the associated receiving device, the periodic power consumer being connected to the power distribution network via the associated receiving device; The device and/or the receiving device group is configured to transmit a specified number of signals, up to a maximum of 50, superimposed on an alternating current voltage signal at a reference frequency transmitted from an audio frequency control center connected to a power distribution network via the power distribution network.
the functionality of said periodic power consumer and/or group of periodic power consumers is re-addressed by a series of audio frequency signals having encoded information emitted in timeslots of changed by a designated receiving device by connecting or disconnecting with the power distribution network according to information transmitted through the receiving device, and in the process of changing the function,
The information necessary to address a power consumer or group of power consumers and control its operating mode includes:
A maximum of 50 given time slots are produced as a combination of 3 or 5 signal sequences with the absence of signals at the positions of the remaining signal sequences within the time slot.

[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]

As is known, the load capacity of power distribution networks is limited. The limit is valid for each part of the network. Therefore, in any power consumer zone, the load capacity of the 120 kV intermediate voltage transformer representing the supply point is determined by the parameters of the transformer and the load of the intermediate voltage line connected to the secondary side of the transformer. The capacity is determined by the cross-sectional area of the line and the method of insulation, the load capacity of the intermediate voltage/low voltage transformer connected to the intermediate voltage line is likewise determined by its parameters, and the low voltage mains line and tap The load capacity of a line is likewise determined by its cross-sectional area and method of insulation.

Furthermore, the amount of power required in any power consumer zone reaches its maximum value once in the morning and once in the afternoon, and this maximum value is the sum of the rated maximum consumption of all power consumers in that zone. It is known to be close.

The point at which this consumption peaks and its magnitude are determined by the industrial characteristics, community characteristics, or mixed characteristics of the given zone, weekdays or holidays,
Furthermore, it greatly depends on the season, external temperature, population, or a combination of these factors.

Any power consumer zone saturates when the total power consumption reaches the upper limit of the load capacity of the electrical grid serving the zone. In this case, the zone becomes a so-called restricted zone, in which case no further energy consumption devices can be connected to the grid unless certain restrictive measures are taken.

In fact, the need for electrical power is constantly increasing with the demand for more power consuming devices to be switched into the electrical grid. Based on past experience, the growth rate of power consumer zones in Hungary is 7% per year.

Assuming that a new power consumer is to be connected to the distribution network, the first thing to do is to connect any line or transformer (usually , one or more interconnected low voltage line sections, an intermediate voltage/low voltage transformer, an intermediate voltage line, and a 120 KV intermediate voltage transformer) to meet the needs of the new power consuming device. The purpose of this is to check whether or not the amount of power used will cause an overload. If any of the line sections becomes overloaded, new power consumers are required by extending the overloaded line section, e.g. by replacing the line with a line with a higher load capacity. , and concomitantly by installing a new line section. Alternatively, if there is a power consuming device in the zone that is operated regularly, the operation of the power consuming device is limited to a certain time of the day. At this time, the actual load in the section is reduced, so the sum of the load and the power demand of the power consumption device that receives power during the certain time of the day exceeds the upper limit of the load capacity. Never.

However, extending line sections requires considerable investment, which in practice can only be satisfied over many years. The solution usually chosen is to limit the operation of new power consumers or of power consumers already connected to the network to a predetermined period.

By introducing cyclically possible operating methods, power consuming devices are divided into two main groups. That is, one group includes power consuming devices whose operation cannot be restricted, and the other group includes power consuming devices whose operation, according to the rules of nature or other circumstances, is restricted to a part of the day, i.e. to a certain period of time. This group includes power consuming devices.

This latter group includes periodic power consumers, such as public lighting, floodlights, lighting for shops and neon signs, stairway lighting, vehicle lighting, warehouse heaters, hot water tanks, or stoves and boilers. , switchable heaters, heat pumps, air conditioners, washing machines, dryers, saunas, and other household power consumption devices.

Periodic power consumers, such as public lighting groups, receive full power electricity from evening until 10 p.m.
Requires half power from midnight until dawn. Other periodic power consumers, such as groups of floodlights, function only when needed, and vehicle lights typically require power from early in the morning until late into the night. On the other hand, the power requirements of warehouse heaters and hot water tanks are limited by their heat capacity, depending on ambient temperature and hot water consumption. With regard to the load supply of low-voltage power distribution networks, power consumers with large power requirements and functioning only during certain periods of the day and power consumers with power requirements that are limited, for example by their thermal capacity. A distinction is made between. This latter power consumer is hereinafter referred to as a "distinct periodic power consumer". Hot water tanks and warehouse heaters are then restored into this differentiated periodic power consumer according to their categories based on their typical usage.

Due to technical circumstances, the operating hours of the differentiated periodic power consumption devices are determined when the power consumption is at its maximum during the day (for example, from 9:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. according to the currently valid adjustment method).
(13:00 to 16:00). With that limitation, the operation time of the above-mentioned differentiated periodic power consumers, calculated for a 24-hour cycle within this period, would be 8 hours for warehouse heaters and energy-saving hot water tanks, and 8 hours for others. In the case of a hot water tank, it is 6 hours.

The period of operation of periodic power consumers is determined by the control of state-of-the-art audio frequency circuits. In reality, ■ a control center that emits so-called coded audio frequencies consisting of line pulses is integrated into the power distribution network, and ■
a receiving device with an independent address is provided on the periodic power consumer to be controlled; - the receiving device is switched connected to the power distribution network; and - the power consumer is connected to at least one
It is connected to the power distribution network via a bidirectional relay that includes a pair of contacts and serves as an actuator for the receiving device. The coded signal emitted by the control center is an audio frequency signal sequence of a predetermined length superimposed on an alternating voltage signal at the reference frequency of the electrical grid, for example 50 Hz. The audio frequency signal train is a series of amplitude modulated audio frequency signals that follow each other in each cycle of a period of time, where the presence of the audio frequency signal corresponds to a logic state "1" and the presence of the audio frequency signal The absence of the signal corresponds to the logic state "0". The coded signal is always preceded by a start pulse and contains the address of the receiving device belonging to the assigned periodic power consumer and the switching address of the receiving device. information related to on or switching off.

The receiving equipment (e.g. the parameters of the set made by the BBC Company (West Germany), ΔEG (West Germany) or VBKM (Budapest)) complies with the CENELECTC102CRC recommendation of the European Electrotechnical Standards Committee and generally accepted in international practice. is assembled in accordance with the West German standard No. DIN 57420. The configurations of the various receiving devices are basically the same. Its main components are a filter and a demodulator, where a series of audio frequency signals is separated from the alternating voltage signal of the power grid and converted into a square wave. Thereby,
The bits of information conveyed by the coded signal are represented by pulses, and the absence of audio frequency signals is represented by absence of pulses. A further main component is a unit for evaluating the information content of the coded signals, i.e. addresses and commands, and actuating the relays acting as actuators of the receiving device on the basis of the results of this evaluation. It is a crab knit.

By using a code system that functions to control the operation of a periodic power consumer, the coded signal can be configured to be suitable for transmitting typically 20 to 50 pulses. If a given type of code is to be used, the most frequently used codes and pulse parameters of the pulse signal are shown in the table on the next page.

(Leave below) Code name Time slot Cycle Start/interval Pulse width Number of screens (N) Time (s
) (n+s) (ms) Interval (m
3) Ricontics 50 10
1.6 1600/1360 640 20
00Zel1wger60s 22 56
．． 66 160010 2500 250
0Zel1weger100s 22 17
0 500Q10 7500 7500
CdC/EdF, 40 102.
25 1000/2750 1000 25
00Riconticb 50 33
．． 12 880156 320 64
0LandisGyra 50 29.
25 460/407 110 57
7LandisGyrb 50 29.
54 460/695.5 110 5
77RWE 46 29.54
1560/1615 110 577R
iconticteb34 34 22.88
8801560 320 640R
iconticteb20 20 13.92
8801560 320 640R
icontictes20 20 41.6
166/1360 640 2000C3
SRseriovy 44 64
2330/2990 1000 1330C
3SR parallel 44 64
1000/1600 1000 133
0 Receiving devices according to the cited standards or recommendations and marketed by some manufacturers are capable of detecting 3 or 5 pulses in the coded signal, depending on the addresses stored in the restored code system. can be operated by the code system only when it appears during a consecutive number of time slots. Using the customary dual preselect or combined addressing methods, coded signals with only fractional or fractional pairs of commands select the operation of several types of various periodic power consumers. Constructed and used to be controllable.

A further disadvantage is that coded signals cannot be used in power distribution networks that include both 3-bit and 5-bit receivers.

This is because the principle of structuring the coded signal is closely related to receiving devices with 3-bit or 5-bit configurations.

It is mentioned as a drawback that the introduction of audio frequency control did not result in any significant changes in the load conditions of the distribution network. This is because this control method solves the switching problem, which was treated differently in the early days, in a more modern way. The power distribution system was more advantageously lightened.

However, no significant changes have occurred between the load capacity of the electrical grid and the power requirements of power consuming devices connected to the electrical grid.

The limited load capacity of the existing stationary low voltage power distribution network and the obstacles to its expansion, as well as the power requirements of the constantly increasing number of power consuming devices, necessitated the implementation of a solution. Thereby these two diametrically opposed requirements can be met.

The present invention provides that the actual total power input of a group of power consumers containing many distinct periodic power consumers, when switched on simultaneously, decreases monotonically from the total rated power input in time. It is based on the selfish use of the perception of being deaf. The reason for this is that when switched on, power is required by all power consumers in the group, but over time fewer and fewer power consumers will require power. be.

For example, in the case of a hot water tank, the temperature of the amount of water stored in the tank is statistically divided between the lowest ambient temperature and the highest heating temperature according to a characteristic distribution function. switch·
When turned on, in fact all hot water tank heating will be switched on and will load the grid. Therefore, the actual total power capacity of the group will approach or match the total rated power requirement.

Over time, more and more hot water tank volume will approach heating temperature. At this time, the heating of these hot water tanks is switched off, as a result of which the actual total power input causes a monotonous decrease. Measurements show that the average heating time for hot water tanks has been reduced from 6 hours to 3 hours, and for warehouse heaters from 8 hours to 4 hours.
．． Shortened to 5 hours.

Accordingly, the present invention recognizes the fact that if a distinct periodic power consuming device is serviced by a power requirement that would exceed the rated load capacity of the grid, then all power consuming Even if the actual power requirements of a device exceed the load capacity of the power distribution grid without risking damage to the power distribution network, the power requirements of all power consuming devices are determined by dividing the power consuming devices into groups. and by successively switching and connecting the groups of power consumers.

It is further recognized that once a group of power consumers with a lower rated power requirement is powered, the actual power input is measured more frequently and the next group of power consumers is connected to the distribution grid. connected to. At this time, the actual power input of a group of power consumers already connected to the power distribution network drops below the rated load capacity to an extent that exceeds the rated power requirement of the next group of power consumers. And the power requirements of the power consuming device groups, which are multiples of the load capacity of the power distribution network, will be fully satisfied under continuous full load supply of the power distribution network. A further realization is that this can be achieved with audio frequencies tailored according to the appropriate circumstances.

[Means and operations for solving the problem] The problem described above is a method for increasing the load capacity of an installed low-voltage power distribution network by centrally controlled switching of periodic power consuming devices, comprising: An addressable receiving device is provided in the periodic power consumer and/or group of periodic power consumers, the periodic power consumer being connected to the power distribution network via the associated receiving device, the periodic power consumer being connected to the power distribution network via the associated receiving device; The device and/or the receiving device group is configured to superimpose an alternating current voltage signal of a reference frequency transmitted from an audio frequency control center connected to a power distribution network via the power distribution network.
said periodic power consuming device and/or group of periodic power consuming devices re-addressed by a series of audio frequency signals having encoded information emitted in a specified number of time slots, but not more than 50; One of the functions is changed by the addressed receiving device by connecting or disconnecting with the power distribution network according to information transmitted through the receiving device, and in the process of changing the function, a certain The information necessary to address a power consumer or a group of power consumers and control its mode of operation consists of three or five signal sequences and a sequence of signals in up to 50 given time slots. A periodic power consuming device with limited power requirements is suitably generated as a combination of the absence of a signal in the remaining signal train positions among the two predetermined signal train positions. distinct periods in the first and second main groups divided into main groups, namely hot water tanks and warehouse heaters, and connected to each low voltage line section of the intermediate voltage/low voltage transformer zone; The main power consumers are at most n+2, preferably 5 in each main group, so as to be repeated in each zone of the main supply point and in each intermediate voltage/low voltage transformer zone within that group.
are appropriately separated and arranged into predetermined subgroups, and the total rated power requirement of the subgroup is 1/n,
Preferably it amounts to 20% of the rated load capacity of the low voltage line section, and the power requirement of said subgroup is less than 150%, more preferably 120% of the rated load capacity of the combined intermediate voltage/low voltage transformer. receiving devices belonging to the distinct periodic power consuming devices listed in the subgroups are given addresses that are different for each group and include differences related to the zone of the main supply point; the address is normally stored in the receiving device, and at the beginning of the daily control period only the subgroup is connected to a power distribution network providing 100% load supply to the low voltage line section;
After one hour, further subgroups are connected to supply 100% of the load to the low voltage line section, during which time the load on the distribution network is preferably sampled before connecting each new subgroup. The zone of the main supply point is measured, and for subgroup addressing and control, preferably 10 out of the information emitted in up to 50 predetermined time slots transmitted over the power distribution network. A subgroup of distinct periodic power consumers to be addressed within the zone of said main supply point selected by a combination of emitted signals and absence of signals in a first group having time slots comprises at least 2n
, preferably by a combination of emitted signals and absence of signals in a second group having 20 time slots, through the receiving devices belonging to said selected subgroup, differentiated periodic power The consuming device is at least 2
n, the combination of the emitted signal and the absence of the signal in the third group, preferably having 20 time slots, is such that it is connected to or disconnected from the power distribution network. The present invention is solved by providing a method for increasing the load capacity of an installed low-voltage power distribution network characterized by centrally controlled switching of periodic power consuming devices.

When implementing the method according to the invention, when a 5-bit receiving device connected to the power distribution network is addressed,
A subgroup may be assigned by a combination of three emitted signals and an absence of signals at the positions of further signals in said second group having at least 2n, preferably 20 time slots. good.

When implementing the method according to the invention, it is also provided that when addressing a 3-bit receiving device connected to said power distribution network, within said second group having at least 2n, preferably 20 time slots. A subgroup may be assigned by a combination of a signal emitted and an absence of a signal at the location of a further signal.

Furthermore, when carrying out the method according to the invention, said addressed distinct periodic power consumers emit in the first half of said third group having at least 2n, preferably 20 time slots. The combination of the emitted signal and the absence of the signal may cause the device to be disconnected from the power distribution grid, and the combination of the emitted signal and the lack of signal in the second half of the time slot group to connect to the power distribution network.

Furthermore, when implementing the method according to the invention, in the case of a power distribution network comprising both a 3-bit receiver and a 5-bit receiver, distinct periodic power consumers belonging to the 3-bit receiver are Distinguished periodic power consumption belonging to said 5-bit receiving device controlled by a combination of emitted signals and absence of signals in a portion of said third group having at least 2n, preferably 20 time slots. The device may be controlled by a combination of emitted signals and absence of signals in other parts of the time slots.

The most important advantage of the method according to the invention is that if distinct periodic power consumers with significant periodic loads are connected to the distribution grid in such a way that they are shifted in time,
The load capacity of the distribution network is at least 100%, or 3
This means that even 00% can be safely increased. This improves the load capacity conditions of the power distribution network to such an extent that additional power consuming devices can be connected to the initially limited power distribution network. By using the method according to the invention, it is possible to achieve an average annual increase of 7% in the demand for electricity, and the currently restricted electricity grid supplying electricity to the shared zones selected for analysis will be closed. was able to open its doors, and its costly expansion of the facility was postponed for approximately 10 years.

Another important advantage of the method according to the invention is that the arrangement of a series of signals, ie coded signals, determining the address of the subgroup and containing the instructions for the requested operation
It is suitable for addressing 3-bit and 5-bit receiving devices connected to the same power distribution network without interfering with each other. Yet another important advantage is that, compared to coded signals produced by the types of codes mentioned above, coded signals consisting of a large number of commands or pairs of commands offer maximum transmission safety. This means that it can be produced with great flexibility and flexibility in handling.

Of course, the possibilities for further development are not limited.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Margin below [Example] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the daily power input amount of a shared power consumption device. The measured power consumption of the distinct periodic power consuming devices when using the conventional control method is shown in dash-dotted lines. The figure shows that the power consumption is minimal in the morning and maximal in the afternoon, as well as the load increase caused by the power input of distinct periodic power consumers functioning in the early evening. It clearly shows that. In fact, a similar graph can be obtained for any line section within the zone. The load distribution of the network is shown by the solid line, where distinct periodic power consumers are controlled according to the invention. By shifting the operation of distinct periodic power consuming devices with large power inputs to the early afternoon, night and early morning hours, while the total power input remains substantially unchanged. , load distribution with respect to load and power generation becomes even more suitable.
It will be obvious.

Figure 1 shows that if switched on hourly during the heating period between 21:00 and 06:00 and between 13:00 and 16:00, the power input of the warehouse heater and the hot water tank is approximately 3
Figure 2 is a graph showing the daily power input of a low voltage transformer zone that supplies shared power consumers, clearly showing a significant drop after 0 minutes. The power input of the distinct periodic power consumers within the zone, measured in a conventional manner, is shown as a dashed line. It is clearly seen that the power consumption is minimal in the morning and maximal in the afternoon. At this time, the power consumption of the distinct periodic power consumers switched on around 20:00, which places a considerable burden on the network and transformers, is superimposed on the falling regime. It is a monotonous drop until 6am, which determines the load on the network. The solid lines represent the power consumption of the distinct periodic power consuming devices within the zone when controlled using the method according to the invention. This graph clearly shows that power consumption is lowest in the early morning and highest in the late afternoon. The power consumption represented by this solid line is less than the power consumption measured by conventional methods. This is due to the inaccuracy of the switching clock due to the distinct periodic power consumers consumed by the switching clock. Furthermore, the figure clearly shows the flat distribution of the power input for the distinct periodic power consumers operating between 21:00 and 06:00 and between 13:00 and 16:00. . Furthermore, it is clear that the amount of power input increases significantly when a subgroup of such power consuming devices is switched and connected on a time-by-time basis, and that the amount of power input decreases monotonically while the device is connected. It is shown.

If the differentiated periodic power consumers are controlled according to the method of the present invention, the load capacity of the transformer, indicated by the horizontal line (dotted line) in the figure, will be sufficient to supply the zone in question. Become something. In this case, periodic overloads of approximately 20% can be tolerated.

The difference between the regions below the curve indicates that power utilization will become more economical due to the power regulation associated with the differentiated periodic power consumers within the zone. This is because, according to conventional methods, these power consuming devices function for an acceptable long period of time. However, only a portion of the shared surplus power is utilized. This is confirmed by the same drop in load. At this time, the power consuming devices, whether controlled in a conventional manner or in accordance with the invention, are switched on at 6 am.

FIG. 2 shows that if the differentiated periodic power consumers are controlled in accordance with the present invention, the daily distribution of power input will be more favorable to the power supply, and the power input will be less during peak periods. It is small and becomes large in very short periods, the amount of power required within the zone is small and is used effectively, the load on the grid is more even, and
Show that the same network becomes suitable for supplying power consumers with larger power requirements.
2) There is.

According to the material in Figure 2, the load capacity of a given transformer zone using the example can be applied to both the low voltage transformer and the low voltage line without any change in the power supply within that zone. It was increased by about 100%.

Figures 3 and 4 show the structure of coded signals that can be applied for controlling a 5-bit and 3-bit receiver according to the invention, respectively. Here, mixed 3-bit and 5-bit receivers are switched in a chain, certain distinct periodic power consumers are given the same address as a subgroup of distinct periodic power consumers, and , the total amount of power required by the differentiated periodic power consumers amounts to 20% of the load capacity of the low voltage line section serving the subgroup.

In both cases of FIGS. 3 and 4, the coded signal consists of 50 time slots, so as to be suitable for the transmission of signals detected as pulses at the receiving device. In a given case, the inclusion of a certain form of information transmission at a certain location, ie the production of a certain function, is determined by the combination of the presence or absence of pulses during a time slot. Addressing and commands related to the required functions are therefore carried out by means of active pulses;
Pulsing provides a high degree of security against interfering signals. The coded signal typically begins with a relatively long start signal, followed by 50 time slots at appropriate intervals.

FIG. 3 shows the structure of a coded signal for operating a 5-bit receiver. First group of time slots out of 50 time slots (in this case, including the 1 to 10 time slots following the long start pulse)
The combination of the signal emitted at and the absence of the signal determines the zone of the main supply point of the network, i.e. the geographical zone of the 120 KV intermediate voltage transformer. Alternatively, all receiving devices within a given zone of the main supply point are addressed, where a certain function must be performed. A combination of one signal emitted in the first half (time slots 11 to 20 in this case) of the second time slot group (1) containing 20 time slots and the absence of a signal in the other parts. Accordingly, the receiving device attached to the power consuming device performs a certain function in the assigned zone of the main supply point. Thus, for example, receiving devices associated with load shedding, voltage control, public lighting switching, etc. are addressed. On the other hand, the combination of one signal and the absence of a signal elsewhere addresses a receiving device that performs switching of power consumers in one or other main distinct group of power consumers. Ru. The above-mentioned main supply A subgroup of warehouse heaters or hot water tanks in a zone of points is addressed, and the warehouse heaters or hot water tanks in the subgroup are regulated in a zone of one or several low voltage transformers.

The third time slot group (3) includes 20 time slots. The combination of emitted signals and absence of signals in this group of time slots determines the start or end of the function performed by the receiving device assigned to the aforementioned time slots. time slots 31-35,
and 41-45, and time slots 36-40 and 46-50 are prohibited for control of the 5-bit receiver. Signals emitted in time slots 31-35 (here pulses are shown with dashed lines)
The combination gives a command to the assigned receiving device to switch off. For example, distinct periodic power consumers in a subgroup may be disconnected from the network by the receiving device.

On the other hand, the combination of the signals emitted in time slots 41-45 (here the pulses are shown as solid lines) gives the command to the assigned receiving device to switch on.

That is, distinct periodic power consuming devices in a subgroup are switched connected to the network by the receiving device.

Only a certain part of the possible combinations of coded signals are used in implementing the method according to the invention. A portion of the large amount of coded signals is stored as a reserve and another portion is used for other tasks.

FIG. 4 shows the structure of the coded signals used to address the 3-bit receiver. The combination of the emitted signals and the absence of signals in the first time slot group I, comprising time slots 1 to 10, determines the zone of the main feeding points of the network. In this case, distinct subgroups of connected periodic power consumers are to be controlled. The combination of the emitted signal and the absence of a signal in the second group of time slots 1, which includes time slots 11-30, addresses the receiving devices belonging to the subgroup of warehouse heaters or hot water tanks. On the other hand, the third time slot including time slot Nodo 46-50
The combination of the signals in the time slot group (2) (here the pulses are shown as solid lines) switches the power consuming devices of the subgroup to the network. Also, the combination of signals emitted in time slots 36-40 (here the pulses are shown as dashed lines) causes the power consuming device to be disconnected from the leash.

Switching in consecutive fractional time slots
The advantage of emitting a signal combination containing a command to switch off (disconnect from the network) is based on the fact that: a subgroup is switched off and then immediately switched on (disconnected from the network). connection)
It is possible to give the same coded signal the commands to switch off and switch on, and furthermore, the time between the signals giving the commands to switch off and switch on and reaching the receiving device is It has been found that this is sufficient to measure changes in load caused by subgroups.

A significant advantage of the coded signal configuration is particularly in that the collected commands can be released quickly and easily. One coded signal is sufficient to switch on or off the same size loads of distinct periodic power consumers in all zones of the main supply point.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the load capacity of a power distribution grid is safely increased by temporally shifting and connecting distinct periodic power consuming devices having a significant periodic load to the power distribution grid. can be done. by this,
The load capacity conditions of the power distribution network can be improved to such an extent that additional power consuming devices can be connected to the initially limited power distribution network.

The coded signals used in the method according to the invention, i.e. the construction of a series of signals determining the address of the subgroup and containing the commands for the requested operation, also make it possible to reduce the number of connections between three A bit receiver and a 5-bit receiver can be addressed without interfering with each other.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the power consumption of several shared zones over several days when distinct periodic power consuming devices are controlled by the conventional method and the method of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a graph showing the daily load variation of a shared zone powered by a low-voltage transformer when distinct periodic power consumers are controlled by the conventional method and the method of the present invention; Figure 4 shows the configuration of a coded signal for addressing a 5-bit receiver, and Figure 4 illustrates the configuration of a coded signal for addressing a 3-bit receiver. Figure. (Explanation of codes) 1~■...Time slot

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for increasing the load capacity of an installed low-voltage power distribution network by centrally controlled switching of periodic power consuming devices, the addressable receiving device provided in the device and/or a group of periodic power consuming devices, the periodic power consuming device is connected to a power distribution network via the attached receiving device, and the receiving device and/or the group of receiving devices include: a coded signal emitted in a specific number, but not more than 50 time slots, superimposed on an alternating current voltage signal at a reference frequency transmitted from an audio frequency control center connected to the electrical grid over the electrical grid; re-addressed by a series of audio frequency signals carrying information, the periodic power consuming device and/or functions of the periodic power consuming devices being re-addressed by a series of audio frequency signals carrying information transmitted by and through the addressed receiving device; The function is changed by connecting or disconnecting from the power distribution network according to the information provided, and in the process of changing the function, a power consuming device or a group of power consuming devices is addressed and the operation mode thereof is controlled. Up to 5 pieces of information are required to perform
0 given time slots, as a combination of 3 or 5 signal sequences and the absence of signals at the positions of the remaining signal sequences of the time slots. , a periodic power consuming device with limited power requirements is
first and second mains suitably divided into two predetermined main groups, namely hot water tanks and warehouse heaters, connected to each low voltage line section of the intermediate voltage/low voltage transformer zone; The distinct periodic power consumers in the groups are at most n+2, preferably 5 in each main group, so as to be repeated in each zone of the main supply point and in each intermediate voltage/low voltage transformer zone within said group. the total rated power requirement of the subgroup is 1/n, preferably 20% of the rated load capacity of the low voltage line section.
and the power requirements of said subgroup are less than 150%, more preferably less than 120%, of the rated load capacity of the combined intermediate voltage/low voltage transformer, and The receiving device belonging to the periodic power consuming device is assigned an address which is different for each group and includes differences related to the zone of the main supply point, which address is normally stored in the receiving device, At the beginning of the daily control period, only said subgroup is connected to the distribution network that supplies 100% of the load to the low voltage line section, and after one hour, another subgroup is connected and the low voltage line section is connected. during which, preferably before connecting each new subgroup, the load on the distribution network is measured by sampling and the zone of the main supply point for addressing and controlling the subgroups. is a maximum of 50
From the information emitted in the predetermined time slots, a first group (preferably having 10 time slots)
The subgroups of distinct periodic power consumers to be addressed within the zone of said main supply point selected by a combination of emitted signals and absence of signals in I) are at least 2n, preferably 20 selected by a combination of emitted signals and absence of signals in a second group (II) having 2 time slots, and via a receiving device belonging to the selected subgroup;
The differentiated periodic power consumers are arranged in a third group (III) having at least 2n, preferably 20 time slots.
Periodically determines the load capacity of an installed low-voltage power distribution network, characterized in that it is connected to or disconnected from the distribution network due to the combination of signals emitted at and the absence of signals. A method of increasing the power consumption of devices by centrally controlling and switching them. 2. When the 5-bit receiving device connected to the power distribution network is addressed, the at least 2n, preferably 2
A subgroup is assigned by a combination of three emitted signals and the absence of a signal at the position of a further signal in the second group (II) with 0 time slots. The method according to claim 1. 3. When addressing a 3-bit receiving device connected to the power distribution network, the at least 2n, preferably 20
A subgroup is assigned by a combination of an emitted signal and the absence of a signal at the location of a further signal in the second group (II) having timeslots The method described in item 1. 4. The addressed differentiated periodic power consuming devices are configured to have emitted signals and lack of signals in the first half of the third group (III) having at least 2n, preferably 20 time slots. and is connected to the power distribution network by a combination of the signal emitted in the second half of the time slot group and the absence of the signal. 3
The method described in any of the preceding sections. 5. In the case of a power distribution network comprising both a 3-bit receiver and a 5-bit receiver, the distinct periodic power consumers belonging to the 3-bit receiver are said to have at least 2n, preferably 20 times. 3rd with slot
controlled by a combination of emitted signals and absence of signals in one part of the group (III) of the group (III), and distinct periodic power consumers belonging to the 5-bit receiver are emitted in other parts of the time slot group. 5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, adapted to be controlled by a combination of a signal and an absence of a signal.