WO2023007366A1 - Electrical installation - Google Patents

Electrical installation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023007366A1
WO2023007366A1 PCT/IB2022/056881 IB2022056881W WO2023007366A1 WO 2023007366 A1 WO2023007366 A1 WO 2023007366A1 IB 2022056881 W IB2022056881 W IB 2022056881W WO 2023007366 A1 WO2023007366 A1 WO 2023007366A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
power
solar panels
night
day
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2022/056881
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Gustaaf VAN DYCK
Original Assignee
Van Dyck Gustaaf
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Van Dyck Gustaaf filed Critical Van Dyck Gustaaf
Publication of WO2023007366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023007366A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
    • H02J2310/60—Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/62—The condition being non-electrical, e.g. temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/62—The condition being non-electrical, e.g. temperature
    • H02J2310/64—The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management

Definitions

  • Said mechanical meters are being systematically replaced by digital meters over a certain period.
  • the digital meter provides many more insights into the power consumption and provides many more opportunities to control said consumption.
  • a smart heat pump connected to the digital meter can, for example, heat or cool the house at moments that the solar panels generate sufficient electricity .
  • the invention relates to an installation whereby auto-consumption is made possible without smart devices, but by a smart control of the power supply to the circuits/power supply indoors.
  • Smart control means that power is only available in a circuit when the solar panels supply power or alternatively only makes power available in a circuit when the solar panels do not supply power, for example at night or when it is heavily overcast.
  • Smart control can also mean that power is only available in a circuit when the smart meter indicates that grid power is cheap. This embodiment thus does not require solar panels nor an inverter nor another device that indicates sunshine.
  • Classic devices must thus not necessarily be replaced by smart devices.
  • the purchase thereof can be postponed, for example, until the time when the relevant classic device is due for replacement due to a defect or other reasons.
  • At least one circuit of the electrical installation is provided with both a day circuit breaker and a night circuit breaker which are connected in parallel between the grid and the relevant circuit and with a selection switch between the day circuit breaker and the night circuit breaker with an output for the power supply of the relevant circuit and with at least two inputs, respectively a day input to which the output of the day circuit breaker is connected and a night input to which the output of the night circuit breaker is connected, whereby the selection switch is a multiposition switch with at least two positions, a day position whereby only the day input is connected to the output and a night position whereby only the night input is connected to the output respectively .
  • An extra grid input and an extra grid position can be added to the selection switch in which power from the grid input is always let through to the output, regardless of whether the solar panels supply power or not.
  • Figure 1 shows a condition in which the solar panels 9 supply power during the day and consequently the circuit breaker is closed such that the circuit 4a then lets through the power coming from the grid.
  • the night circuit breaker 14 In the situation of figure 1 in which the solar panels 9 are supplying power, the night circuit breaker 14 is open and will not let through power from the grid 3. When, on the other hand, the solar panels 9 are not supplying power, the night circuit breaker 14 will be closed and thus will let through power.
  • the circuit 4a will only then receive power when the solar panels 9 are supplying power to the grid and the circuit 4b will only then receive power when the solar panels 9 are not supplying power, at least to the extent that the circuit is electrically connected to the output 14a of the circuit breaker 14.
  • the selection switch 15 is a multiposition switch with two positions in this case, which for example by means of a push button or other operating unit 15d can be switched between, on the one hand, a day position as shown in figure 3A whereby only the day input 15b is connected to the output 15a and, on the other hand, a night position as shown in figure 3B, whereby only the night input 15c is connected to the output 15a.
  • the selection switch 15 thus allows a choice between the day position of figure 3A in which power is only let through when the solar panels 9 are supplying power and the night position of figure 3B in which power is only let through when the solar panels 9 are not supplying power.
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the installation 1 of figure 3a whereby in this case the day circuit breaker 13 and the night circuit breaker 14 are integrated in one single combined circuit breaker 16 controlled by the control signal 12.
  • Said extra grid position can be useful for example in the case that the day circuit breaker 13 or the night circuit breaker 14 would fail and for example one of the two or both short-circuit or don't open.
  • control signal 12 can be transmitted via an existing electrical circuit 4 of the installation 1 to the circuit breaker 16 via a set of two so-called powerline adapters 18, a first adapter 18a and a second adapter 18b, each with its own LAN port, respectively 18c and 18d, as shown in figure 6
  • circuit breaker can be controlled by other signals coming from another device than the smart meter or inverter or a combination of several information or control sources such as: a smart meter, an inverter of solar panels, a solar sensor, a heating system with solar heater, weather or sun information for example via the internet, a thermometer, a timer or commands of the user, for example via the internet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

Electrical installation, containing one or more circuits (4) which are supplied with power from the electrical grid (3) to which solar panels (9) are connected, whereby the installation (1) is provided with a control signal (12) which indicates whether the solar panels (9) are supplying power or not, characterised in that at least one circuit (4) is provided with a circuit breaker (13.14) with an open and a closed position which is controlled by said control signal (12), whereby the circuit breaker is or contains a day circuit breaker (13) or a night circuit breaker (14) whereby : - the day circuit breaker (13) is closed is when the control signal (12) indicates that the solar panels (9) are supplying power and is open when the solar panels are not supplying power; - the night circuit breaker (14) is closed when the control signal (12) indicates that the solar panels (9) are not supplying power and is open when the solar panels (9) are supplying power.

Description

Electrical installation
The present invention relates to an electrical installation .
In particular, but not limited to this, the invention is intended for electrical domestic installations of residential houses connected to a public electrical grid, typically mono-phase 230 Volt or three-phase 400 Volt, and provided with solar panels which are connected to the grid via an inverter which in case of overproduction of the solar panels can inject the excess power to the grid.
A simple electrical installation in a residential house consists of a fuse box from which circuits depart, in addition to an electricity meter.
The electricity comes in off the street from the public grid into the electricity meter and from there goes into the fuse box to the general 300mA residual-current device (or overvoltage protection or differential).
In said fuse box typically the power subsequently goes to:
- 10A fuses of circuits for the lighting of the house;
- 15-20A fuses of circuits for power points or devices;
- a sensitive 30mA residual-current device with thereon:
• 10A fuses of circuits for the lighting of wet rooms;
• Fuses of 15-20A circuits for power points and devices in wet rooms; a fuse for the inverter to the solar panels
A three-phase electrical installation is more complicated than with a mono-phase one, but this distinction is not relevant here.
All electricity meters used to be mechanical with revolving meters. They turn back when the consumer injects energy into the grid instead of taking energy out. This is the case when solar panels generate more energy than the owner consumes .
Said mechanical meters are being systematically replaced by digital meters over a certain period.
In Belgium, for example, all households and SMEs must have a digital meter on 1 July 2029 at the latest.
The installation of digital meters costs money but they allow a smarter use of natural gas and electricity, such as lower power consumption or consumption when power is cheap, for example at a cheaper night rate, and to thus save on the energy invoice.
The digital meter can also transmit quality and consumption data to apps, smart applications or smart household appliances. They ensure more user comfort and can bring down the natural gas or electricity consumption.
Data is transmitted via the user port of the digital meter which automatically transmits the meter readings to the grid operator, such that thus a meter reader does not have to visit anymore.
The digital meter provides many more insights into the power consumption and provides many more opportunities to control said consumption.
Dynamic electricity contracts are coming soon. Said type of supply contract assumes that the consumer is actively thinking about the electricity consumption and aligns it to the hourly rates or at least has a consumption profile that deviates from classic consumption behaviour, for example high consumption during the night and low consumption during the day compared to the typical situation with low consumption at night and a high consumption during the day.
A household or a company that consumes a lot at moments with high hourly rates will have a higher energy invoice with this type of contract. Moving forward, applications connected to the user port of the digital meter will make it possible to automatically control the consumption based on the variable energy price. Thus, the consumer can let the electricity consumption of devices and applications- easily and without loss of comfort - coincide as much as possible with the times of low energy rates, for example charging an electric vehicle or heat pump or washing machine, or the like. Thus, consumers can bring down the energy cost of their invoice.
The digital meters have user ports to which applications can be connected which provide better insights into day-to- day use. They also offer possibilities for the smart control of electronic devices. Thus, the end customer can save both energy and costs.
The intention is to consume the power of solar panels immediately as much as possible. This is referred to as auto-consumption. Thus, a smart heat pump connected to the digital meter can, for example, heat or cool the house at moments that the solar panels generate sufficient electricity .
A challenge for the consumer today or in the near future is to monitor the consumption depending on the variable price of electricity. Consumers can do this themselves, thus by actively switching devices on or off depending on the information they receive from their digital meter about the price of power and about the electricity which is or is not generated by their solar panels.
More and more solutions are being found for said challenge. Companies are gradually developing devices and apps to support consumers in monitoring their power or gas consumption .
Another challenge is the development of so-called smart devices which communicate with the smart meter and consequently start up when advantageous or desirable. Consumers need not intervene.
However, a problem is that such devices and apps barely exist yet as they are still very much under development. Another problem is that existing classic devices are not eligible for this as they are not equipped for this and that consequently it will only be possible to use said techniques and devices when the classic devices are replaced, which thus implies a considerable cost which only pays itself back after a number of years thanks to the acquired energy savings.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solution to the aforementioned and other problems.
To this end, the invention relates to an installation whereby auto-consumption is made possible without smart devices, but by a smart control of the power supply to the circuits/power supply indoors.
Smart control means that power is only available in a circuit when the solar panels supply power or alternatively only makes power available in a circuit when the solar panels do not supply power, for example at night or when it is heavily overcast.
Smart control can also mean that power is only available in a circuit when the smart meter indicates that grid power is cheap. This embodiment thus does not require solar panels nor an inverter nor another device that indicates sunshine.
Such electrical installation according to the invention contains one or more circuits which, via a meter, can be supplied by power from the electrical grid to which one or more solar panels are connected via an inverter in such a way that excess power of the solar panels can be injected into the grid, whereby each circuit is protected by a fuse and whereby the installation is provided with a control signal that indicates whether the solar panels supply power or not, whereby at least one circuit is provided with a circuit breaker with an input connected to the electrical grid and an output connected to the relevant circuit (4) and with an open and a closed position between the output and the input which is controlled by the aforementioned control signal, whereby the circuit breaker is a day circuit breaker and/or a night circuit breaker, whereby:
- the day circuit breaker is closed when the control signal indicates that the solar panels are supplying power and is open when the solar panels are not supplying power to thus only let through power from the grid when the solar panels are supplying power; the night circuit breaker is closed when the control signal indicates that the solar panels are not supplying power and is open when the solar panels are supplying power to thus only let through power from the grid when the solar panels are not supplying power.
Thus, power can only be supplied to classic devices thanks to the day circuit breaker when the solar panels supply free power and this without the user intervening.
Analogously, it may also be useful to only supply power to certain devices when the solar panels are not supplying power, for example for the power supply of power consumers that only have to function at night, for example night lighting, when the solar panels are inactive and said consumers are best switched off during the day to not consume any unnecessary power.
Classic devices must thus not necessarily be replaced by smart devices. The purchase thereof can be postponed, for example, until the time when the relevant classic device is due for replacement due to a defect or other reasons.
The invention offers the possibility to save on energy costs with a limited investment that pays itself back quickly.
Such circuit breaker can be realised with existing electrical components that are easy to find such as a relay, a transistor, an FET, a thyristor, or a solid state relay or triac.
Preferably, at least one circuit of the electrical installation is provided with both a day circuit breaker and a night circuit breaker which are connected in parallel between the grid and the relevant circuit and with a selection switch between the day circuit breaker and the night circuit breaker with an output for the power supply of the relevant circuit and with at least two inputs, respectively a day input to which the output of the day circuit breaker is connected and a night input to which the output of the night circuit breaker is connected, whereby the selection switch is a multiposition switch with at least two positions, a day position whereby only the day input is connected to the output and a night position whereby only the night input is connected to the output respectively .
Said combination with a switch allows the user to choose between a day position in which power is only let through when the solar panels supply power and a night position in which power is only let through when the solar panels do not supply power, at the user's discretion. The day circuit breaker and the night circuit breaker can be integrated in one single combined circuit breaker which is controlled by the control signal, whereby the combined circuit breaker contains an input and two outputs, a day output and a night output respectively, whereby power is only let through to the day output when the solar panels supply power and power is only let through to the night output when the solar panels do not supply power.
Such combined circuit breaker is more compact and only requires one connection for the control signal.
An extra grid input and an extra grid position can be added to the selection switch in which power from the grid input is always let through to the output, regardless of whether the solar panels supply power or not.
An extra off-position can also be added to the selection switch whereby no power is let through. The control signal can be branched off from the inverter or from a smart meter that is standard equipped with such control signal.
If the circuit breakers and the selection switch in the house are at a distance from the meter and the inverter from which the control signal is branched off, the existing electrical circuits of the installation can be used for transmitting the control signal by using a set of two so- called powerline adapters, a first adapter connected with its LAN port to the control signal coming from the inverter or a smart meter and a second adapter connected with its LAN port to a circuit breaker respectively.
According to a special aspect of the invention the circuit breakers and the selection switch can be integrated together with the second powerline adapter in one device with one input and one output for the power and an operating unit for the selection switch, for example in the form of a kind of multipower strip with a plug for in a power point near the consumer to be provided with power and a power point for connection of the electrical consumer.
The invention also relates to such integrated device in an electrical installation as described above.
Preferably, one or more circuit breakers and/or the selection switch are executed as a component for installation on a DIN-rail of a domestic fuse box. This very much simplifies easily and compactly integrating the required components for the invention in a classic fuse box.
Preferably, there are no other electrical components than the aforementioned circuit breakers and/or a selection switch present between the grid and the circuit for the power supply of a circuit, apart from a customary fuse.
Due to the limited number of components there is also less risk of failure and fewer types of components need to be kept in stock and it is possible to save on working hours for building such installation.
This also means no complicated programming of a controller is needed and that consequently the invention can be installed by any electrician without the need to be able to program.
This means the required installation is very simple, with few and relatively cheap components and allows the relevant circuits to be selectively supplied with power in the desired way depending on or not whether the solar panels are supplying power at that moment with a very simple and cheap switch, for every circuit in the installation.
In known installations the controller controls the entire installation or per phase, such that all consumers in the installation or of a phase are supplied with power simultaneously in the same way depending on whether or not the sun is shining. With the intention of better showing the characteristics of the invention, a few preferred embodiments of an electrical installation according to the invention are described hereinafter by way of an example, without any limiting nature, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: figure 1 schematically shows an electrical installation according to the invention in a situation in which the solar panels are supplying power; figure 2 shows the installation of figure 1 but in a situation in which the solar panels are not supplying power; figures 3A and 3B show an installation with an additional selection switch and this with the selection switch in two different positions; figures 4 to 7 show possible variants of embodiments of an electrical installation according to the invention.
The domestic electrical installation 1 shown in figure 1 typically contains a meter 2a with which the installation is connected to the public electrical grid 3 for the power supply.
The installation 1 further contains a number of electrical circuits 4 which are protected by means of a fuse 5 against overloading. In the case of figure 1, two circuits 4 are shown, a circuit 4a connected to a 16 amp fuse 5a and a circuit 4b connected to a 20 amp fuse 5b respectively.
Such circuit 4 is typically provided for the power supply of several devices or consumers 6, such as a group of power points or light fittings, but can also be limited to one single consumer 6 such as an oven or the like.
In the case of a mono-phase circuit the circuits are classically executed with three power conductors, i.e. a neutral conductor, a phase conductor and earthing conductor.
The figures only show the power conductors 7 and for the sake of simplicity the neutral conductors and the earthing conductor are not shown.
In the case of three phases, in addition to the neutral conductor and the earthing conductors, three wires are provided, but this does not affect the principle of the invention.
Traditionally, the entire installation 1 is also protected by a residual-current device 8.
The invention relates to an installation 1 with one or more solar panels 9 which are connected to the grid 3 via an inverter 10 and the meter 2. The meter 2 can be a digital meter 2b as is shown only in figure 2, but can just as well be a reversing analogue meter 2a as shown in the other figures.
The inverter 10 and the digital meter 2b are provided with a port 11, a control signal 12 from which is branched off that indicates whether the solar panels are supplying power or are not supplying power.
In the example, the circuit 4a according to the invention is provided with a day circuit breaker 13 with an open and a closed position which is controlled by the aforementioned control signal 12, whereby the day circuit breaker 13 is closed when the control signal 12 indicates that the solar panels 9 are supplying power and is open when the solar panels are not supplying power to thus then only let through power from the grid 3 and thus to the relevant circuit 4a when the solar panels 9 are supplying power, at least to the extent that the circuit 4 is electrically connected to the output 13a of the circuit breaker 13.
The day circuit breaker 13 is shown here as a relay but can be executed as any other controlled switch.
Figure 1 shows a condition in which the solar panels 9 supply power during the day and consequently the circuit breaker is closed such that the circuit 4a then lets through the power coming from the grid.
In the event that the solar panels are not supplying power, for example at night, the control signal 12 will open the circuit breaker 13 which will consequently not allow any power from the grid 3 to pass through.
Analogously, the circuit 4b is provided with a night circuit breaker 14 in the form of a relay or the like which is closed when the control signal 12 indicates that the solar panels 9 are not supplying power and is open when the solar panels 9 are supplying power to thus only then let through power from the grid 3 and thus to the relevant circuit when the solar panels are not supplying power, at least to the extent that the circuit is electrically connected to the output 14a of the circuit breaker 14.
In the situation of figure 1 in which the solar panels 9 are supplying power, the night circuit breaker 14 is open and will not let through power from the grid 3. When, on the other hand, the solar panels 9 are not supplying power, the night circuit breaker 14 will be closed and thus will let through power.
Thus, the circuit 4a will only then receive power when the solar panels 9 are supplying power to the grid and the circuit 4b will only then receive power when the solar panels 9 are not supplying power, at least to the extent that the circuit is electrically connected to the output 14a of the circuit breaker 14.
The latter situation is shown in figure 2 in which the day circuit breaker 13 is open and the night circuit breaker 14 is closed when the solar panels 9 are not supplying power. In the case of figure 2, a smart digital meter 2b is applied and the control signal 12 indicating whether or not the solar panels 9 are supplying power is branched off from the smart meter 2b instead of from the inverter 10.
Figures 3A and 3B show a situation whereby in the circuit 4a both a day circuit breaker 13 and a night circuit breaker 14 are provided and an extra selection switch 15 to choose which of the two circuit breakers 13 or 14 is used for the power supply of the circuit 4a.
The selection switch 15 is provided with an output 15a for the power supply of the relevant circuit 4a and with two inputs, a day input 15b to which the day circuit breaker 13 is connected and a night input 15c to which the night circuit breaker 14 is connected respectively.
The selection switch 15 is a multiposition switch with two positions in this case, which for example by means of a push button or other operating unit 15d can be switched between, on the one hand, a day position as shown in figure 3A whereby only the day input 15b is connected to the output 15a and, on the other hand, a night position as shown in figure 3B, whereby only the night input 15c is connected to the output 15a.
The selection switch 15 thus allows a choice between the day position of figure 3A in which power is only let through when the solar panels 9 are supplying power and the night position of figure 3B in which power is only let through when the solar panels 9 are not supplying power. Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the installation 1 of figure 3a whereby in this case the day circuit breaker 13 and the night circuit breaker 14 are integrated in one single combined circuit breaker 16 controlled by the control signal 12.
Said combined circuit breaker 16 contains a communal input 16a and two outputs, a day output 16b and night output 16c respectively, whereby the day output 16b is connected to the day input 15b of the selection switch 15 and the night output 16c of the combined circuit breaker 16 is connected to the night input 15c of the selection switch 15.
In said circuit breaker 16, power is only let through to the day output 16b when the solar panels 9 are supplying power, as shown in figure 4, and power is only let through to the night output 16c when the solar panels 9 are not supplying power.
As shown in the dotted line in figure 4 the residual- current device 8; the circuit breaker 16 and the selection switch 15 are typically in a fuse box 17 from where all circuits 4 depart, each protected by a separate fuse 5 in the fuse box 17.
The meter 2 and the inverter 10 are typically located close to each other, such that the control signal 12 can easily be brought into the fuse box via a separate signal wire. Figure 5 shows yet another variant of an installation 1 according to the invention, whereby in this case the selection switch 15 possesses an extra grid input 15e which can be connected to the residual-current device 8 via the fuse 5 to bypass the circuit breaker 16 in this way.
In this case, the selection switch 15 possesses yet an extra grid position as shown in figure 5 in which power is always let through via the power conductor 7 of the grid input 15e to the output 15a, regardless of whether or not the solar panels are supplying power. The selection switch 15 then possesses three selection positions, namely, only let through power when the solar panels 9 are supplying power; only let through power when the solar panels 9 are not supplying power and always supply power regardless of whether or not the solar panels are supplying power.
Said extra grid position can be useful for example in the case that the day circuit breaker 13 or the night circuit breaker 14 would fail and for example one of the two or both short-circuit or don't open.
The selection switch 15 can still be provided with an extra off-position whereby no power is let through.
If the circuit breaker 16 is located at a distance from the fuse box 17 and no separate signal wire is available, the control signal 12 can be transmitted via an existing electrical circuit 4 of the installation 1 to the circuit breaker 16 via a set of two so-called powerline adapters 18, a first adapter 18a and a second adapter 18b, each with its own LAN port, respectively 18c and 18d, as shown in figure 6
The LAN port 18c of the adapter 18a is thereby connected to the signal port of the inverter 10 or a smart meter 2b and transmits said signal over the circuit 4 to the second adapter 18b and thus via the LAN port 18d to the circuit breaker 16.
It is not excluded that, as shown in the dotted line in figure 6, the circuit breaker 16 and the selection switch 15 are integrated together in the second powerline adapter 18b in one device 19 with one input 19a and one output 19b for the power and an operating unit 15d for the integrated selection switch 15.
Said integrated device 19 can for example be executed as a multipower strip with a plug for in a power point and an integrated power point for connection of an electrical consumer.
It then suffices to plug the device 19 into a power point and plug in a consumer to be able to use the functionality of the selection switch 15.
In some installations 1 such as in figure 7 the circuits 4 contain five wires which depart from the fuse box 17 and are concealed in pipes 20 in the floor and in the walls of the house. In addition to the earthing conductor, the neutral conductor and the power conductor 7, said five wires also contain two extra power conductors Ί' and 7", thus in all three power conductors.
In this case the three power conductors can be used for the connection between a circuit breaker 16 in the fuse box 17 and a selection switch 15 in another room of the house as shown in figure 7.
It is understood that the technical development of the invention can be very diverse due to the many possible combinations of:
- the use or not of a switch and the location thereof;
- the location of the circuit breaker;
- the control of the circuit breaker via the inverter or the smart meter or both.
It is also clear that the circuit breaker can be controlled by other signals coming from another device than the smart meter or inverter or a combination of several information or control sources such as: a smart meter, an inverter of solar panels, a solar sensor, a heating system with solar heater, weather or sun information for example via the internet, a thermometer, a timer or commands of the user, for example via the internet.
The control signal can be via a signal cable or via a set of powerline adapters or wirelessly via a wireless transmitter / receiver, or the like. The present invention is by no means limited to the embodiments described as an example and shown in the figures, but an electrical installation according to the invention can be realised in all kinds of forms and dimensions, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

Claims
1.- Electrical domestic installation, containing one or more circuits (4) which are supplied with power via a meter (2) from the electrical grid (3) to which one or more solar panels (9) are connected via an inverter (10) in such a way that excess power of the solar panels can be injected into the grid, whereby the installation (1) is provided with a control signal (12) that indicates whether or not the solar panels (9) are supplying power, characterised in that at least one circuit (4) is provided with a circuit breaker (13,14) with an input (13b,14b) connected to the electrical grid (3) and an output (13a,14a) connected to the relevant circuit (4) with an open and a closed position between the output (13a,14a) and the input (13b,14b) which is controlled by the aforementioned control signal (12), whereby the circuit breaker is or contains a day circuit breaker (13) and/or a night circuit breaker (14), whereby:
- the day circuit breaker (13) is closed when the control signal (12) indicates that the solar panels (9) are supplying power and is open when the solar panels are not supplying power to thus only then let through power from the grid (3) when the solar panels (9) are supplying power;
- the night circuit breaker (14) is closed when the control signal (12) indicates that the solar panels (9) are not supplying power and is open when the solar panels (9) are supplying power to thus only then let through power from the grid (3) when the solar panels (9) are not supplying power. 2.- Electrical installation according to claim 1, characterised in that the circuit breaker (13,14) is executed as a component from the following non-exhaustive list:
- a relay;
- a transistor;
- an FET;
- a thyristor;
- a solid state relay or triac.
3.- Electrical installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one circuit (4) is provided with a day circuit breaker (13) and a night circuit breaker
(14) connected in parallel between the grid (3) and the relevant circuit (4) and with a selection switch (15) between the day circuit breaker (13) and the night circuit breaker (14) with an output (15a) for the power supply of the relevant circuit (4) and with at least two inputs, a day input (15b) to which the output (13a) of the day circuit breaker (13) is connected and a night input (15c) to which the output (14a) of the night circuit breaker (14) is connected respectively, whereby the selection switch
(15) is a multiposition switch with at least two positions, a day position whereby only the day input (15b) is connected to the output (15a) and a night position whereby only the night input (15c) is connected to the output (15a) respectively, such that the selection switch (15) allows a choice between a day position and a night position. 4.- Electrical installation according to claim 3, characterised in that the day circuit breaker (13) and the night circuit breaker (14) are integrated in one single combined circuit breaker (16) controlled by the control signal (12), whereby the combined circuit breaker (16) contains an input (16a) and two outputs, a day output (16b) and a night output (16c) respectively, whereby the circuit breaker (16) contains at least two positions, a first position whereby the day output (16b) of the combined circuit breaker (16) is connected to the day input (15b) of the selection switch (15) and the night output (16c) of the combined circuit breaker (16) is connected to the night input (15b) of the selection switch (15) and a second position whereby the circuit breaker (16) is controlled such that the input (16a) is connected to the day output (16b) when the solar panels (9) are supplying power and is not connected when the solar panels (9) are not supplying power and the input (16a) is connected to the night output (16c) when the solar panels (9) are not supplying power and is not connected when solar panels (9) are supplying power.
5.- Electrical installation according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the selection switch (15) possesses yet another extra grid input (15e) and another extra third grid position in which the extra grid input (15e) is electrically connected to the output (15a), such that in said position power is always let through from the grid input (15e) to the output (15a), regardless of whether or not the solar panels (9) are supplying power. 6.- Electrical installation according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that the control signal (12) is branched off from the inverter (10) or from a smart meter (2b).
7.- Electrical installation according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that the control signal (12) is transmitted via an electrical circuit (4) of the installation (1) to the circuit breaker (16) via a set of two so-called powerline adapters 18, a first adapter (18a) which is connected with its LAN port (18c) to the control signal (12) coming from the inverter (10) or a smart meter (2b) and a second adapter (18b) which is connected with its LAN port (18d) to a circuit breaker (16) respectively.
8.- Electrical installation according to claim 7, characterised in that the circuit breaker (13,14,16) and the selection switch (15), together with the second powerline adapter (18b), are integrated in one device (19) with one input (19a) and one output (19b) for the power and an operating unit (15d) for the selection switch (15).
9.- Electrical installation according to claim 8, characterised in that the integrated device (19) is executed as a multipower strip with a plug for in a power point and a power point for connection of an electrical consumer.
10.- Electrical installation according to any one of the previous claims controlled by a signal not coming from a smart meter or an inverter, but from a solar sensor or a heating system with solar heater or another device that indicates sunshine.
11.- Electrical installation according to any one of the previous claims whereby the electrical power conductors (7) are supplemented by low-voltage wire or several low-voltage wires and/or supply wire of, for example, 24 volt and a voltage inverter such that said low-voltage wire continues to make a connection with the device when the grid power is switched off, said low-voltage wire also ensuring feedback of a control signal to the circuit breaker, such that the device also possibly controls the circuit breaker, such that the device can, for example, indicate that the circuit breaker is not allowed to switch off for a certain period.
12.- Electrical installation according to any one of the previous claims controlled by a signal of a device or appliance that combines the control of several information or control sources such as: a smart meter, an inverter of solar panels, a solar sensor, a heating system with solar heater, weather or sun information for example via the internet, a thermometer, a timer or commands of the user, for example via the internet.
13.- Electrical installation according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that one or more circuit breakers (13,14,16) are executed as a component for installation on a DIN-rail of a domestic fuse box (17). 14.- Electrical installation according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the powerline adapter (18) is executed as a component for installation on a DIN-rail of a domestic fuse box (17).
15.- Electrical installation according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that no other electrical components than the aforementioned circuit breakers (13,14,16) and/or a selection switch (15) are present between the grid (3) and the circuit (4) for the power supply of a circuit (4), apart from a fuse (5).
PCT/IB2022/056881 2021-07-30 2022-07-26 Electrical installation WO2023007366A1 (en)

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