RU101585U1 - LARGE ELECTRIC LOAD DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM UNDER CONSUMPTION OF MINIMUM POWER ELECTRICITY (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A system for distributing a large electrical load, subject to the consumption of a minimum power of electricity, characterized by the use of an electric meter, fuses, the contact wire of the phase and the load from which is brought to the household power grid, characterized in that an electromagnetic is installed on the line of the phase wire between the fuse and each high power consumption relay or electronic programmable timer, and all relays or timers are connected in a single circuit so that only one circuit breaker can be in the on state. ! 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that LEDs are used as indicators of the included load, each of which is connected through a current-limiting resistor. ! 3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a start button is used as a phase switch for each contact wire of the household electrical network. ! 4. A system for distributing a large electrical load, subject to the consumption of a minimum power of electricity, characterized by the use of an electric meter, fuses, the contact wire of the phase and the load from which is brought to the household power grid, characterized in that an electronic is installed on the line of the phase wire between the fuse and each high power consumption a remote control unit configured to leave only one circuit breaker in the on state.

Description

The utility model relates to switches for distributing the electrical load of household electrical networks, as well as electrical networks of public buildings, trade and public catering enterprises and others using household and similar electrical appliances.

In modern conditions, electricity consumption is growing with the acquisition by the population (enterprises, organizations) of all new types of electrical appliances.

The restructuring of the power consumption system in each individual case (house or apartment) is a costly and not always possible procedure.

The costs are associated with the need to install a new electric meter, seal it, in new circuit breakers, to replace the supply line and sometimes all the wiring in the house (apartment). In other words: development and approval of a new electricity supply project, obtaining new technical conditions for connection, going through the procedure for putting into operation an electrical installation (with all physical and moral costs).

But even if it is possible to replace the power consumption system, it is not always possible for the consumer to allocate new energy capacities due to the limitation of incoming lines or old transformers (mini-electrical substations).

For this reason, there is an urgent task to provide such connection schemes in energy consumption systems of a consumer that allow him, on the one hand, to use all the capabilities of modern electrical appliances, and on the other hand, not increase the load on the power grid and not rebuild his home power system. Modern known solutions do not allow to realize this task.

The solution to the problem is either to completely replace the consumer’s electrical network with a new one (for example, [1, 2]), or to install switches that limit the load coming from household electrical appliances and block their operation.

In the latter case, the process of simultaneous operation of several electrical appliances is fraught with problems of constant operation of switches (electric machines) in the consumer’s network if he does not replace his electric network with a more energy-intensive load.

The objective of this utility model is to solve the problem.

The technical result of the utility model is to enable the consumer of electricity to use all the capabilities of modern electrical appliances, and on the other hand, not to increase the load on the power grid and not to rebuild their home energy system. Those. the device allows for optimal distribution of electrical energy to the consumer between power consumers within the same electrical installation (part of the electrical installation), subject to the consumption of minimum power.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the distribution system of a large electric load, subject to the consumption of minimum electric power, is characterized by the use of an electric meter, fuses, the contact wire of the phase and load from which is connected to a household electrical network, characterized in that the phase wire between the fuse and Each electrical appliance of high power consumption has an electromagnetic relay or an electronic programmable timer, and all or e timers connected into a single circuit so that only one circuit breaker may be turned on.

As indicators of the included load, LEDs are used, each of which is connected through a current-limiting resistor.

As a phase switch for each contact wire of the household power supply, a start button is used.

Or in another embodiment, a system for distributing a large electric load, subject to the consumption of minimum electric power, characterized by the use of an electric meter, fuses, the contact wire of the phase and load from which is connected to a household electrical network, characterized in that on the phase wire line between the fuse and each appliance of high power consumption an electronic remote control unit is installed, made with the possibility in the on state to leave only one -automatic switch.

A utility model can be implemented as follows.

The system consists (see the device diagram of the utility model in FIG. 1) of a control panel (1), an electric meter (2), a circuit breaker (3) whose dimensions and “internal filling” can be very diverse, from the simplest and most inexpensive (several circuit breakers) to complex and expensive (automatic system), the general functional diagram of which can be expressed by the example shown in Figure 2.

With an input power of 2.0 kW (conditionally) at one of the outputs from 1 to K at the right time we can have all the power of 2.0 kW or several outputs with a total power of 2.0 kW.

The principle of operation of individual components of the system is not new and has been used in large energy for a long time. The novelty of the system lies in the operation of the electrical installation as a mini-power system using well-known criteria for the operation of automatic machines in operation.

The work of the utility model is as follows.

In the above example, in the diagrams of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the input module is a circuit breaker (3), for example, VA 101-1 / 10 A Gr 1. With the input circuit breaker (3) turned on, the phase wire L (4) through normally closed contacts electromagnetic relays (6), or normally closed contacts of electromagnetic relays of weekly electronic programmable timers, supplies the output of each relay (6) or timers. The load wires (5) and ground (8) (if any) to electrical appliances are fed by a cable directly to household electrical appliances (7). Thus, the switched on power receiver (7) will receive power through the start button (9), and the corresponding LED (10) connected via a current-limiting resistor will light up. In this state, the circuit will remain until the consumer presses one of the other buttons (9) to turn on the relay (6), or until one of the electronic programmable timers is activated. In this case, the switching contact of the electromagnetic relay (6) or the timer will open its normally closed contact, by disconnecting the circuits connected behind it and, accordingly, the electrical receivers (7) connected by these circuits. A switching contact, closing its normally open contact, will connect the phase wire (4) to the output circuit, depending on which button (9) was pressed or which timer worked, and will supply power to one of the electrical receivers (7) (kettle, electric stove, refrigerator, washing machine or water heater), and the corresponding LED lights up through the corresponding current-limiting resistor.

Management of contact switching is also feasible using the remote control (remote control) (Figure 4). The electronic remote control unit (11) operates from the remote control (13) by transmitting electronic signals from it to the receiver (12) of the unit (11).

As an electronic remote control unit (11), you can, for example, use the RC-5 standard decoder on the ATtiny13 microcontroller.

The source of +12 V is a quenching capacitor and a rectifier bridge of the KTs407 type from a 220 V network. The microcontroller operates at a clock frequency of 4.8 MHz from an internal generator, the choice of a clock frequency is determined by programming the setting of fuses.

As can be seen from all the above diagrams and descriptions, only one power receiver connected to the system can be in the on state, which eliminates the total peak emissions in the daily load schedule of the electrical installation, i.e. daily schedule is smoothed.

Example. For four years, a system according to a utility model was used in a private house, which made it possible, under the previous power supply scheme (17 A meter, 16 A fuses), to operate electrical appliances with a total power of 9 kW normally and stably (total current 41 A).

Information sources:

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Claims (4)

1. The distribution system of a large electrical load, subject to the consumption of minimum electric power, characterized by the use of an electric meter, fuses, the contact wire of the phase and the load from which is connected to a household electrical network, characterized in that an electromagnetic solenoid is installed on the phase wire line between the fuse and each electrical appliance a relay or an electronic programmable timer, and all relays or timers are connected in a single circuit so that when turned on TATUS only one circuit-breaker can be. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that LEDs are used as indicators of the on load, each of which is connected through a current-limiting resistor. 3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a start button is used as a phase switch on each contact wire of the household electrical network. 4. The distribution system of a large electrical load, subject to the consumption of minimum electric power, characterized by the use of an electric meter, fuses, the contact wire of the phase and load from which is connected to a household electrical network, characterized in that an electronic circuit is installed on the phase wire line between the fuse and each electrical device of high power consumption a remote control unit configured to leave only one automatic off in the on state ents.