WO2015173742A1 - Auxiliary photovoltaic plant for generating energy - Google Patents

Auxiliary photovoltaic plant for generating energy Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015173742A1
WO2015173742A1 PCT/IB2015/053517 IB2015053517W WO2015173742A1 WO 2015173742 A1 WO2015173742 A1 WO 2015173742A1 IB 2015053517 W IB2015053517 W IB 2015053517W WO 2015173742 A1 WO2015173742 A1 WO 2015173742A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
input
auxiliary plant
power line
end user
electricity network
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2015/053517
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefano LILLA
Fabio Betti
Original Assignee
Lilla Stefano
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lilla Stefano filed Critical Lilla Stefano
Publication of WO2015173742A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015173742A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an auxiliary photovoltaic plant of a type for generating energy.
  • Photovoltaic generators have been known for some time; that is, devices which transform solar energy into electricity. This type of plant is used in very diverse shapes, among which plants of the fixed type that are usable in structures/buildings both in dwellings and industrial applications, mostly in association with the electrical energy network (grid-connect plants). These systems must be considered as being of a structural type, as they are designed ad hoc and stably fixed to the relative user outlets.
  • the present invention has the form of a small machine defining a photovoltaic plant for energy production, for supplementing, as it is connected in parallel to the network, the energy supplied by the normal electricity network for supplying energy internally of an environment (whether a private, public or industrial building) with the aim of using, where possible, all or part of the energy producible by the plant alternatively to or in supplement to the energy supplied by the traditional network.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a photovoltaic plant of a non- fixed type (tendentially) equipped with all the devices necessary in respect of the standards relating to the connection in parallel to the public network.
  • an aim of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary photovoltaic plant installable with extreme ease in very rapid time and removably on the existing network, should it be necessary to cover the basic absorption of energy of the users or supply a quantity of supplementary energy to cover any peaks.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of the auxiliary photovoltaic plant of the invention in an embodiment thereof;
  • figure 2 illustrates a detail in enlarged view of figure 1.
  • the auxiliary photovoltaic plant for generating energy comprises:
  • one or more generating modules (1) preferably having a low power, by way of example comprised between 200 and 350 W each;
  • each of these is connected, in output and by means of the related devices of an inverter (2) type which actuate transformation of the current from direct to alternating, to
  • a power line (3) equipped with means (4) for reversible connection to the existing electricity network (5) of an end user (6) (in the figures illustrated with a plurality of users).
  • Module switches (28) for each of the modules (1) are included between the inverters (2) and the network (5), the function of which is to disconnect, when necessary, the above-mentioned module (1) - network (5) connection.
  • the module switches (28) can be positioned upstream of the inverters (2).
  • the module switches (28) are preferably constituted by transistors able to open and close, modulating the power produced by the modules (1).
  • the existing electricity network can preferably be a part of a network of a dwelling or of a business or a like user device.
  • a control system (7) is connected, in output (8) and by means of a switch - disconnector (9), to the power line (3), and in input to an operator (17) of a comparator type (17).
  • the operator - comparator (17) is equipped with a first comparison input (10) (reference) and a second input (11) directly proportional to the value of the power absorbed by the end user.
  • the switch-disconnector (9) upon detecting the second input (1 ) where it is ⁇ the first input (10), the switch-disconnector (9) is operated in such a way as to disconnect, by opening, the power line (3) from the electricity network (5) and, vice versa, - upon detecting the second input (11) where it is > the first input (10), the switch-disconnector (9) is operated to close in such a way as to connect the power line (3) in supplement to the electricity network (5), augmenting by summing to the energy produced.
  • the plant of the invention is particularly destined for non-fixed applications, by way of example: on sun shade awnings including those with a sloping or adjustable-opening, supported on terraces and sundecks, in gardens and private and public outside areas of buildings, etc.
  • the plant According to the low installed and generatable power and for the type of application, from the point of view of regulations, the plant respects the connection standards relating to users.
  • connection is performed, for practical reasons, by a plug connection to be inserted directly in any fixed socket (see the larger-scale detail of figure 2) forming part of the electrical system of the building.
  • Another essential element is constituted by the above-mentioned control system (7) which is identified by a comparator (17) the two inputs of which are identifiable in the first comparison input (10) (reference) and in the second input (11) directly proportional to the absorbed energy value of the end user.
  • the second input (11) derives from the measuring of the charge in output by the meter of the existing network (P) by means of a sensor (12) connected downstream of the meter device (PC) of the existing electricity network of the end user.
  • the sensor (12) will preferably be of toroidal or Hall effect type.
  • the current value detected by the sensor (12), suitably conditioned by the signal conditioner (40) supplied by the network (42), can:
  • the signal conditioning device (40) also communicates, via an output, with a display (41) for directly displaying the detected value.
  • the output of the signal conditioning (40) can send the data to a pc or a smartphone, denoted in all cases by reference numeral (41).
  • the value of the first input (10) will be:
  • the function of the above-mentioned operator - comparator is essential for the operation of the entire system since it is able to disconnect the plant defined by the generator modules (1) (in all or in part) in the case where the local users (6) do not require the energy produced by the auxiliary generator of the invention and also prevents the introduction of energy produced into the public grid (this not permissible since it would defeat the entire aim of the plant as any energy introduced into the grid would not be remunerated).
  • the control system therefore acts by monitoring the total power (or the current) absorbed by the plant of the building - user, comparing it with the power (or the current) produced or producible by the generators (1), with the specification of never reversing the flow of power internally of (towards the) meter (PC) of the plant.
  • control element does not use - for example - the three elements of meter power, load power of users and power produced by the generator, but only the power of the meter which we shall term the Pgrid (denoted herein above by ( 1)).
  • Each generator module (1) will preferably be equipped with a respective inverter device (2) and a respective ON/OFF module switch (28) (of an electromechanical or static transistor type) before associating and defining the supply line (3).
  • control system can act either directly on the switch (9) positioned along the line or on one or more of the above-mentioned module switches (28), in each case respecting the equation-condition mentioned in the foregoing.
  • the plant may be equipped with batteries for electric and/or charge regulator storage (A), positioned, as shown in the figures, downstream of the generator modules (1) that optimize the production of the generators themselves as a function of the plant load.
  • A electric and/or charge regulator storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

An auxiliary photovoltaic plant for generating energy comprises: one or more generating modules (1) each connected, at output and by means of related inverter devices (2) for transformation of a current from direct to alternating type, to a power line (3) provided with means (4) for reversible connection to an existing electricity network (5) for supply to an end user (6). The auxiliary plant delivers a total power of modest entity, comparable to the power absorbed by domestic users. A control system (7) is connected, in output (8) and by means of a switch - disconnector (9), to the power line (3), and in input to an operator (17) of a comparator type (17). The operator - comparator (17) is equipped with a first comparison input (10) (reference) and a second input (11) directly proportional to the value of the power absorbed by the end user. The function of the above- mentioned operator - comparator is that of disconnecting the auxiliary plant in a case where the end user is not able to receive the energy generated, preventing introduction into a public grid. On the detection of the second input (11), where it is < to the first input (10), the switch- disconnector (9) or (28) is activated so as to disconnect, entirely or in part, the auxiliary plant from the power line (3) and from the electricity network (5) and, vice versa, on the detection of the second input, where it is≥ to the first input (10), the switch-disconnector (9) is activated so as to insert the auxiliary plant on the power line (3), thus providing entirely or in part the energy absorbed by the user (6) connected to the electricity network (5).

Description

AUXILIARY PHOTOVOLTAIC PLANT FOR GENERATING ENERGY
DESCRIPTION
Technical field
The present invention relates to an auxiliary photovoltaic plant of a type for generating energy.
Background art
Photovoltaic generators have been known for some time; that is, devices which transform solar energy into electricity. This type of plant is used in very diverse shapes, among which plants of the fixed type that are usable in structures/buildings both in dwellings and industrial applications, mostly in association with the electrical energy network (grid-connect plants). These systems must be considered as being of a structural type, as they are designed ad hoc and stably fixed to the relative user outlets.
There are however also independent photovoltaic installations for energy production that is sufficient for a limited and dedicated user device, such as for example users for the production of hot water or of electricity for supply of particular users that have a calculated consumption (standalone plants).
Aim of the invention
The present invention has the form of a small machine defining a photovoltaic plant for energy production, for supplementing, as it is connected in parallel to the network, the energy supplied by the normal electricity network for supplying energy internally of an environment (whether a private, public or industrial building) with the aim of using, where possible, all or part of the energy producible by the plant alternatively to or in supplement to the energy supplied by the traditional network. Further, the aim of the invention is to provide a photovoltaic plant of a non- fixed type (tendentially) equipped with all the devices necessary in respect of the standards relating to the connection in parallel to the public network. In particular, an aim of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary photovoltaic plant installable with extreme ease in very rapid time and removably on the existing network, should it be necessary to cover the basic absorption of energy of the users or supply a quantity of supplementary energy to cover any peaks.
These aims are fully achieved by the photovoltaic plant according to the present invention that is characterized as set down in the appended claims that follow.
Brief description of the drawings
This and other characteristics of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred, non-limiting embodiment thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- figure 1 is a diagram of the auxiliary photovoltaic plant of the invention in an embodiment thereof;
- figure 2 illustrates a detail in enlarged view of figure 1.
Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention
With reference to figure 1 , the auxiliary photovoltaic plant for generating energy comprises:
one or more generating modules (1) preferably having a low power, by way of example comprised between 200 and 350 W each;
each of these is connected, in output and by means of the related devices of an inverter (2) type which actuate transformation of the current from direct to alternating, to
a power line (3) equipped with means (4) for reversible connection to the existing electricity network (5) of an end user (6) (in the figures illustrated with a plurality of users).
Module switches (28) for each of the modules (1) are included between the inverters (2) and the network (5), the function of which is to disconnect, when necessary, the above-mentioned module (1) - network (5) connection.
In an alternative solution, the module switches (28) can be positioned upstream of the inverters (2).
The module switches (28) are preferably constituted by transistors able to open and close, modulating the power produced by the modules (1).
The existing electricity network can preferably be a part of a network of a dwelling or of a business or a like user device.
A control system (7) is connected, in output (8) and by means of a switch - disconnector (9), to the power line (3), and in input to an operator (17) of a comparator type (17).
The operator - comparator (17) is equipped with a first comparison input (10) (reference) and a second input (11) directly proportional to the value of the power absorbed by the end user.
The function of the above-mentioned operator - comparator is essential for the operation entire system, as:
- upon detecting the second input (1 ) where it is < the first input (10), the switch-disconnector (9) is operated in such a way as to disconnect, by opening, the power line (3) from the electricity network (5) and, vice versa, - upon detecting the second input (11) where it is > the first input (10), the switch-disconnector (9) is operated to close in such a way as to connect the power line (3) in supplement to the electricity network (5), augmenting by summing to the energy produced.
On a practical level, the above-illustrated generator is composed of a number n of modules (1) (with n being also = to one) up to reaching a limited total generated power, for example not greater than 1 kW.
Use thereof is exclusively correlated to the connection thereof to an electrical system supplied by a public distribution network (denoted by (P) in figure 1).
The plant of the invention is particularly destined for non-fixed applications, by way of example: on sun shade awnings including those with a sloping or adjustable-opening, supported on terraces and sundecks, in gardens and private and public outside areas of buildings, etc.
Thanks to the low installed and generatable power and for the type of application, from the point of view of regulations, the plant respects the connection standards relating to users.
In particular the connection is performed, for practical reasons, by a plug connection to be inserted directly in any fixed socket (see the larger-scale detail of figure 2) forming part of the electrical system of the building.
This connection is identifiable with the above-mentioned reversible connection means (4).
Another essential element is constituted by the above-mentioned control system (7) which is identified by a comparator (17) the two inputs of which are identifiable in the first comparison input (10) (reference) and in the second input (11) directly proportional to the absorbed energy value of the end user.
In particular the second input (11) derives from the measuring of the charge in output by the meter of the existing network (P) by means of a sensor (12) connected downstream of the meter device (PC) of the existing electricity network of the end user.
The sensor (12) will preferably be of toroidal or Hall effect type.
The current value detected by the sensor (12), suitably conditioned by the signal conditioner (40) supplied by the network (42), can:
in a first solution, be carried as an input (11) to the comparator directly through wire support communication (20), for example using the same electricity network already existing or via a dedicated line, - illustrated by a dashed line - or,
in a second solution, by a communication via wireless connection (21) - illustrated by a continuous line. The signal conditioning device (40) also communicates, via an output, with a display (41) for directly displaying the detected value.
Alternatively, the output of the signal conditioning (40) can send the data to a pc or a smartphone, denoted in all cases by reference numeral (41). To specify more clearly, the value of the first input (10) will be:
in a simpler first solution, directly settable when setting as a function of the number of modules (1) used (for example a value K = No. x 250KW), or, in a second more accurate solution, directly detectable - denoted by (30) - by the generated current that travels along the power line (3).
The function of the above-mentioned operator - comparator is essential for the operation of the entire system since it is able to disconnect the plant defined by the generator modules (1) (in all or in part) in the case where the local users (6) do not require the energy produced by the auxiliary generator of the invention and also prevents the introduction of energy produced into the public grid (this not permissible since it would defeat the entire aim of the plant as any energy introduced into the grid would not be remunerated).
The control system therefore acts by monitoring the total power (or the current) absorbed by the plant of the building - user, comparing it with the power (or the current) produced or producible by the generators (1), with the specification of never reversing the flow of power internally of (towards the) meter (PC) of the plant.
A special and qualifying characteristic of the present solution can be highlighted by the fact that the control element does not use - for example - the three elements of meter power, load power of users and power produced by the generator, but only the power of the meter which we shall term the Pgrid (denoted herein above by ( 1)).
This will be compared with the reference Pr (reference numeral (10)), in such a way that:
- Pgrid > Pr→ switches (28, 9) closed;
- Pgrid < Pr→ switches (28, 9) open. Each generator module (1) will preferably be equipped with a respective inverter device (2) and a respective ON/OFF module switch (28) (of an electromechanical or static transistor type) before associating and defining the supply line (3).
In this way the control system can act either directly on the switch (9) positioned along the line or on one or more of the above-mentioned module switches (28), in each case respecting the equation-condition mentioned in the foregoing.
Lastly the plant may be equipped with batteries for electric and/or charge regulator storage (A), positioned, as shown in the figures, downstream of the generator modules (1) that optimize the production of the generators themselves as a function of the plant load.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic auxiliary plant for generating power, characterised in that it comprises one or more generating modules (1) connected, at output and by means of related devices of the inverter (2) type, to a power line (3) equipped with means (4) for reversible connection to the existing electricity network (5) of an end user (6); a control system (7) connected, at output (8) and by means of a switch - disconnector (9), to said power line (3), and at input to an operator (17) having a first input (10) for comparison and a second input (11) directly proportional to the value of the power absorbed by said end user (6) in such a way that:
- upon detecting said second input (11) as < said first input (10), said switch - disconnector (9) is operated in such a way as to disconnect, by opening, said power line (3) from said electricity network (5) and, vice versa,
- upon detecting said second input as > said first input (10), said switch - disconnector (9) is operated in such a way as to connect, by closing, said power line (3) to aid said electricity network (5).
2. The photovoltaic auxiliary plant for generating power according to claim 1 , wherein said second input (11) derives from a sensor (12) connected downstream of the meter device (PC) of the existing electricity network of the end user.
3. The photovoltaic auxiliary plant for generating power according to claim 1 , wherein said second input (11) derives from the signal of a sensor (12) connected downstream of the meter device (PC) of the existing electricity network of the end user and from a related conditioning device (40).
4. The photovoltaic auxiliary plant for generating power according to claim 2 or 3, wherein said sensor (12) and an operator (17) are directly connected to one another by means of a wired connection (20).
5. The photovoltaic auxiliary plant for generating power according to claim 2 or 3, wherein said sensor (12) and an operator (17) are indirectly connected to one another by means of a wireless connection (21).
6. The photovoltaic auxiliary plant for generating power according to claim 1 , wherein said first input (10) is directly proportional to the maximum value of the power supplied by said generators (1 ).
7. The photovoltaic auxiliary plant for generating power according to claim 1 , wherein said first input ( 0) is equal to the maximum value of the power supplied by each of said generators (1), multiplied by the number of generators.
8. The photovoltaic auxiliary plant for generating power according to claim 1 , wherein said control system (7) is connected, at output (8) and by means of said switch - disconnector (9), to the above-mentioned power line (3), and at input to said operator (17) having a first input (10) for comparison and a second input (11) directly proportional to the value of the power absorbed by said end user in such a way that:
- upon detecting said second input (11) as < said first input (10), said switch - disconnector (9) is operated in such a way as to disconnect from said power line (3) one or more of said modules by means of the related auxiliary switches (28) positioned downstream of said inverters (2) and upstream of said power line (3).
9. The photovoltaic auxiliary plant for generating power according to claim 1 , wherein said means (4) for reversible connection to the existing electricity network (5) are constituted of a plug insertable in a related outlet of said electricity network of the end user (6).
10. The photovoltaic auxiliary plant for generating power according to claim 3, wherein downstream of said sensor (12) there is a signal conditioning device (40) comprising an output to a display (41) for directly displaying the value detected by said sensor (12).
PCT/IB2015/053517 2014-05-16 2015-05-13 Auxiliary photovoltaic plant for generating energy WO2015173742A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBO20140291 2014-05-16
ITBO2014A000291 2014-05-16

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107294088A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-10-24 中国能源建设集团甘肃省电力设计院有限公司 Application process and many power supply direct-furnish electric systems are built for the increment power distribution network that electricity changes

Citations (1)

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EP2592710A1 (en) * 2010-07-09 2013-05-15 Sony Corporation Power control device and power control method

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EP2592710A1 (en) * 2010-07-09 2013-05-15 Sony Corporation Power control device and power control method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
BAOCHAO WANG ET AL: "Intelligent DC Microgrid With Smart Grid Communications: Control Strategy Consideration and Design", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID, IEEE, USA, vol. 3, no. 4, 11 December 2012 (2012-12-11), pages 2148 - 2156, XP011484202, ISSN: 1949-3053, DOI: 10.1109/TSG.2012.2217764 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107294088A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-10-24 中国能源建设集团甘肃省电力设计院有限公司 Application process and many power supply direct-furnish electric systems are built for the increment power distribution network that electricity changes
CN107294088B (en) * 2017-06-28 2023-08-01 中国能源建设集团甘肃省电力设计院有限公司 Incremental power distribution network construction application method for electric power change and multi-power direct power supply system

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