JPS6315597B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic performance device, and more particularly to an automatic performance device that generates musical tones for a time that is shortened by a desired ratio by manual operation to the time corresponding to the note length of each automatically played note. This relates to an automatic performance device that can perform the following functions.

Most conventional automatic performance devices store the note lengths and intervals of notes on a musical score in a memory, and sequentially read out this note information in real time to perform automatic performance. Automatic performance is the same as, for example, when the keyboard of an electronic organ is played by a machine rather than a person, and is performed by sequentially pressing keys corresponding to each note in the automatic performance. At this time, if the note to be played automatically has a speed display of ♪ = 100, the actual length of a quarter note is 0.6 seconds, and when the automatic performance machine plays this quarter note, the key must be pressed. If you press the button for only 0.6 seconds, this note will be played, but if the sound of the electronic organ has sustain (the sound gradually decays after the key is released), the length of the note will be played. Because the key is held down for the same amount of time, when there are consecutive notes (not rests), there is no time for the sound to decay, and the sustain part of the sound is lost, resulting in a very unintelligible sound.

In order to avoid this problem, it is preferable to make the key press time for each note a fraction of the full time, rather than the full time of the note length, so that the sustain sound can be heard better.

This effect is the same as the effect when playing a keyboard instrument, where the playing style changes from legato to non-legato, tenuto, and staccato, and when an extremely short staccato style is played.

The present invention provides an automatic performance device that can change from a legato playing style, in which the keys are pressed in accordance with the notes of the automatic performance, to a non-legato playing style, a tenuto playing style, and further to a staccato playing style, by an external operation. .

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numeral 1 designates an operator for setting the length of the gate signal for generating musical tones to be a fraction of the note length, that is, the proportion coefficient.
2 is a proportional coefficient generator that outputs a proportional coefficient corresponding to the operation amount of the operator 1 as a 4-bit digital signal.
This can be achieved with an encoder. A memory 3 stores data including note length data (8 bits) and interval data (6 bits) of a series of notes (including rests) for automatic performance in the order of addresses. 4
is a gate signal generator which generates a gate signal having a length obtained by multiplying the note length data supplied from the memory 3 by the proportional coefficient output from the proportional coefficient generator 2 on the output line m. A musical tone generator 5 outputs a musical tone signal having a pitch corresponding to the pitch data supplied from the memory 3 in synchronization with the gate signal supplied from the gate signal generator 4. The output musical tone signal is converted into a musical tone by the subsequent amplifier 11 and speaker 12.

7 is a start/stop switch for this automatic performance device. 8 is an address counter for supplying an address for reading out the memory 3. The start side terminal of the start/stop switch 7 is connected to the trigger input of the one shot multivibrator OSI10 via the inverter 9,
The output of 0 is led to the clear input of address counter 8. On the other hand, the terminal on the stop side is connected to an AND gate 404 for controlling the stop of the gate signal m from the gate signal generator 4.

Next, the gate signal generator 4 will be explained.

400 is a tempo counter for measuring the time of a note length, and 401 is an AND gate for gating the clock of the tempo clock generator 6. 402 and 403 are reset/set type flip-flops R/SFFI and R/SFF, respectively.
It is. 405 and 406 are comparators COMPI and COMP, and 410 and 412 are latches, respectively. 411 is a digital multiplier, and proportional coefficient generator 2
This is for multiplying the proportional coefficient output from the note length data.

Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be explained.

The note length data in memory 3 is 8 bits,
For example, a whole note, a half note, and a quarter note each have 2
It corresponds to 56, 128, and 64 counts. When a certain note is automatically played, the address counter 8 specifies the memory address corresponding to that note, the note length data of that note is read out, and the latch I41
Latched to 0. If the note at this time is a quarter note, the number ``64'' is entered in latch I as a binary value. The output of latch I410 is the comparator 40
At the same time, it is supplied to the multiplicand input X of the multiplier 411, and is multiplied by the 4-bit proportional coefficient output from the proportional coefficient generator 2. All bits of the proportional coefficient are “1”
When , the maximum is 15/16 = 0.94, and there are 16 possible steps up to "0". When the proportionality coefficient is, for example, 0.5, the number "8" is taken as a binary value. As a result, the output of the multiplier 411 is "32".
is output as 8 bits, latched by latch 412 and supplied to comparison input B of comparator 405. The output of the temp counter 400 is supplied to each input A of the comparators 405 and 406. That is, the comparators 406 and 405 are used for a full count of note lengths and a count of the number of note lengths multiplied by a proportionality coefficient, respectively. Therefore, in the above example, the gate signal (output m of the AND gate 404) is at a high level from when the tempo counter 400 is cleared until it counts "32", and then it counts "64". It remains at a low level until it reaches "64".
After counting, the address counter 8 is immediately counted up by one, the tempo counter 400 is cleared, and the next note is read from the memory 3, and the procedure is repeated. Surrounding R/S flip-flops 402, 403 and one shots 10, 408,
The detailed operations of 409 and gates 401, 404, and 407 are shown in the time chart shown in FIG. In the time chart in Figure 2, start/stop switch 7 is set to start, the first note (quarter note) and the second note (quarter note) are automatically played, and the stop is stopped before the second note is finished. This is an example of the case where a to n are the output waveforms of the outputs a to n in FIG. 1, respectively. In addition, in Figure 2, the note length of a quarter note is 8 to make it easier to understand.
The case where the proportional coefficient is 0.375, that is, the proportional coefficient data is "6" is shown.

Note that the tone generator 5 distinguishes between notes and rests: when the pitch data (6 bits) is all "0", it is considered a rest; otherwise, it is considered a note.
That is, the tone generator 5 (not shown) detects whether or not the supplied 6-bit pitch data is all "0", and if it is all "0", the supplied gate signal A logic circuit is built in that turns off the (m) signal and sets it to a low level, so that no musical sound is generated when there is a rest.

The pitch data of the notes is supplied to the musical tone generator as binary values from " ₁ " to "61" corresponding to 61 keys of C1 to _C6 on the keyboard.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, various devices such as a multiplier are used, but similar operations can also be achieved using a microcomputer.

Further, although the circuit of the same embodiment shows an asynchronous circuit, it can be similarly realized by adopting a synchronous circuit system that operates on a common clock.

Furthermore, there is no limit to the number of bits in the counter, memory, etc. shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1, and it is clear that any number of bits can be set.

As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to freely change the performance from legato to tenuto, staccato, and even extremely short staccato by manually controlling the automatically played notes. , it is possible to greatly enhance the musical effect and fully utilize the effect of automatic performance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
The figures are output waveform diagrams of various parts of the embodiment of FIG. 1. 1...Controller, 2...Proportional coefficient generator, 3...
Memory, 4... Gate signal generator, 5... Musical tone generator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A memory that stores note information for automatic performance including note length data and pitch data, and a musical tone generator that outputs musical tones with pitches based on the pitch data in response to a supplied gate signal. , a controller for controlling the sound duration corresponding to each note, a proportional coefficient generator that outputs a proportional coefficient corresponding to the operation amount of the controller, and a time length corresponding to the note length data in the memory. and a gate signal generator that generates a gate signal with a time length multiplied by the proportionality coefficient,
A gate having a time length corresponding to the amount of operation of the operator obtained by reading note length data and pitch data from the memory in time series and supplying the read note length data to the gate signal generator. An automatic performance device characterized in that the signal and the read pitch data are supplied to the musical tone generator to control sound production. 2. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the proportional coefficient outputted by the proportional coefficient generator is digital data having a plurality of bits. 3 In claim 1 or 2,
An automatic performance device characterized in that a proportional coefficient outputted by a proportional coefficient generator is a value of 1 or less.