JPS63121498A - Alternator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit necessary outputs to be obtained upon low-speed rotation and high-speed rotation, by a method wherein an auxiliary coil is wound in series to a main coil to add it while the auxiliary coil is used when the rotating number of an alternator is lower than a predetermined value. CONSTITUTION:An auxiliary coil 1-2 is connected in series to the main coil 1-1 of an alternator 1. When the rotating number of the alternator 1 is low, switches SW-4, SW-4' are put ON by a controller 12 and the outputs of the main coil 1-1 and the auxiliary coil 1-2 are supplied through a rectifying circuit 11. When the rotating number of the same becomes larger than the predetermined value, the switches SW-4, SW-4' are put OFF and only the output of the main coil 1-1 is supplied through the rectifying circuit 2. According to this method, a necessary output may be obtained upon low-speed operation and high-speed operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an alternator for a vehicle, etc., which is capable of producing a required output from a low rotational speed range to a high rotational speed range.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 2 shows a conventional alternator. In the figure, 1 is an alternator, 1-1 is a main winding wound around the stator, 1-3 is an excitation winding, 2 and 3 are rectifier circuits, 4 is a regulator, 4-1 is a diode, 4-2 4-3 is a transistor, 4-4 is a Zener diode, 4-5 to 4-7 are resistors, 5 is a diode, 6 is a lamp, 7 is a resistor, 8 is a fuse, and 9 is a battery.

When the switch SW is turned on, the lamp 6 from the battery 9,
Resistance 7. A current flows through the diode 5 to the excitation s'fa1-3, and initial excitation is performed. The lamp 6 is for indicating the energization for this initial excitation. When the rotor (not shown) of the alternator 1 is rotated in this state, a voltage is generated in the main winding 1-1. The voltage rectified by the rectifier circuit 2 charges the battery 9 via the fuse 8 and is supplied to the DC load. The voltage rectified by the rectifier circuit 3 is applied to the excitation [ffi green 1-3. In the steady state, the excitation winding 1-3 is excited by the voltage from the rectifier circuit 3. The diode 5 is for blocking the current from the rectifier circuit 3. The voltage to the DC load is
It is maintained at a predetermined value by the following control operation of the regulator 4. That is, the voltage to the DC load divided by the resistors 4-6 and 4-7 is compared with the voltage of the Zener diode 4-4, and if it is larger than that, the voltage of the transistor 4-
Turn on 3. When the transistor 4-3 is turned on, the transistor 4-2 is turned off, weakening the excitation by the excitation winding 1-3, and reducing the output voltage to a predetermined value. Conversely, if the divided voltage is lower than the voltage of the Zener diode 4-4, the transistor 4-3 is turned off and the transistor 4-2 is turned on, the excitation is strengthened, and the output voltage rises to a predetermined value. .

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The output characteristics of an alternator vary depending on the number of turns in the main winding.
It will look like Figure 3. In other words, if the number of turns of the windings wound around the stator is large, the output current will be produced even when rotating at relatively low speeds, but because the number of turns is large, the armature reaction will also be large, and the output will be reduced even at high speeds. The current will not increase. On the other hand, when the number of windings is small, the armature reaction is small, so a large output current can be obtained at high speed rotation, but as the rotation speed decreases, the output current decreases rapidly, and when the engine is idling. During low speed rotation, a situation arises in which no output current can be obtained.

In this way, a conventional alternator in which the number of turns of the main winding 1-1 is fixed, can only be operated with characteristics determined according to the fixed number of turns, and within a certain rotation speed range, It was not possible to obtain the desired magnitude of output current. Therefore, there has been a problem in that it cannot adequately meet applications where it is desired to obtain a required output from low-speed rotation to high-speed rotation.

[Means for solving problems]

In the present invention, t! is connected in series to the main winding 1-1. When you want to wind additional wires to obtain the required output even at low and high speeds, you can change the characteristics of the alternator by changing the switch to use or not use the additional windings. The switch was made so that it could be used for such purposes.

[For production]

If the number of turns of the main winding is different, the output characteristics of the alternator will be different as shown in Fig. 3. However, by adding and winding the DC auxiliary winding 1-2 in series with the main winding 1-1 of the alternator 1, D
Since the output of the C auxiliary winding 1-2 is used or not used, it is as if there were two types of alternators with main windings with different numbers of turns. can do.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as in FIG. 2 indicate the same components as in FIG.

1-2 is a DC auxiliary winding, 11 is a rectifier circuit, 12 is a controller, and 5W-4, 5W-4' are switches that operate in conjunction with each other. The output of the rectifier circuit 11 is connected to the switch 5W-4.
and 5W-4' to the pantry 9 as a load. Switches 5W-4 and 5W-4' are operated by controller 12. The controller 12 is
It operates based on the rotation speed detection signal of alternator l. When the rotation speed is below the specified number, switches 5W-4 and 5W-4 are activated.
' is turned on, and when it is more than that, it is turned off. By adopting such a configuration, the battery charging function of the alternator can be enhanced as described below. To start alternator 1, turn on switch SW. The operation until the steady state is reached is the same as the conventional one. The relationship between alternator rotational speed and output is as shown in Figure 3, so if only the main winding 1-1 with a small number of turns is used, the output characteristic will be like curve A in Figure 3, and while the rotational speed is low, produces almost no output. Therefore, there is no ability to charge the battery 9 through the rectifier circuit 2. On the other hand, when the DC auxiliary winding 1-2 is added to the main winding 1-1, the number of turns increases, so the output characteristics become as shown by curve B in Figure 3. The output that can be charged is put out.

If the rotation speed is lower than a predetermined value, the controller 12 turns on the switches 5W-4 and 5W-4', so the output is transmitted to the rectifier circuit 11. Switches 5W-4 and 5W-
It is supplied to the buffer tank 9 via 4'. In this way, it has become possible to carry out battery charging even during low speed rotation, when there was no charging ability if only the main winding 1-1 was used.

As the rotational speed increases, the output from the main winding 91-1 also rises, and the battery 9 can be charged via the rectifier circuit 2.

Then, when the rotation speed becomes higher than a predetermined value, the controller 12 turns off the switches 5W-4 and 5W-4'.
Charging via the rectifier circuit 11 is stopped. Thereafter, the battery is charged only by the output of the rectifier circuit 2. Main winding 1-
When the number of turns is reduced to only 1, the armature reaction becomes small and high output can be obtained as shown by the curve in Figure 3.

If the predetermined value of the rotational speed is selected to be the rotational speed N0 at which curves A and B in Figure 3 intersect, the output characteristic will switch from curve B to curve A, and the output characteristic will eventually become as shown in Figure 4. Become. That is, during low speed rotation, the stator coil acts as an alternator with a large number of turns, and during high speed rotation, the stator coil acts as an alternator with a small number of turns. As a result, the alternator can charge the battery even when rotating at low speeds, and can output high output when rotating at high speeds.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the DC auxiliary winding 1t-2 is connected in series in addition to the main winding 1-1, and when the rotational speed of the alternator is below a predetermined value, the DC auxiliary winding &1l-2 is used. Since the alternator is not used above a predetermined value, one alternator can now act as two alternators having main windings with different numbers of turns. By making good use of the advantages of both characteristics, it has become possible to obtain the required output both at low speeds and at high speeds.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1: Example of the present invention Figure 2: Conventional alternator Figure 3: Output characteristic curve of a conventional alternator Figure 4: Output characteristic curve of the alternator according to the present invention , 1 is the alternator, 1-1 is the main winding, 1-
2 is a DC auxiliary winding, 1-3 is an excitation winding, 2.3 is a rectifier circuit, 4 is a regulator, 4-1 is a diode, 4-2.
4-3 is a transistor, 4-4 is a Zener diode,
4-5 to 4-7 are resistors, 5 is a diode, 6 is a lamp, 7 is a resistor, 8 is a fuse, 9 is a battery, 11 is a rectifier circuit, and 12 is a controller. Patent applicant: Sawafu Electric Co., Ltd. Representative patent attorney: Mori 1) Hiroshi (2 others),! 53 strength foil 4m

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an alternator that rectifies the output of a main winding to supply power to a load, another winding is connected in series with the main winding, and the output at the tip of this winding is rectified to create a second winding. By taking out the output and supplying power to the load via a switch that turns on the second output when the alternator rotation speed is below a predetermined value and turns off when the alternator rotation speed is above the predetermined value, even during low speed rotation. An alternator characterized by being able to obtain the required output even during high-speed rotation.