JPS63101735A - Detection of hulling rate for rice huller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To minimize misjudgement during the detection of hulling rate, by dividing the peak voltage of voltage waveforms corresponding to reflected lights from hulled rices and the detection time thereof into three areas, first - third, to judge them in the combination of the areas. CONSTITUTION:A target hulling rate X0 being preset is read into a control circuit 14. Then, particles of hulled rices flowing through a sampling gutter 12 are irradiated with light by every grain and reflected lights thereof are detected with a photosensor 13 to be converted into voltage waveforms. Voltage signals from the photosensor 13 are inputted into the control circuit 14 to count the number of particles of hulled rices, which are checked whether to be unpolished rices or not and then, the number of the unpolished grains is counted. When the peak voltage of a voltage waveform or a detection time T is less than the minimums for chaff, one grain is added to the current number of particles of unpolished rices. When the peak voltage V and the detection time T are both larger than the minimums for chaff but smaller than the maximums for unpolished rice, a half a grain is added to the current number of grains of unpolished rice.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention uses a huller to determine the culling rate (ratio of the number of grains of unpolished rice to the total number of grains of grains of grains) )
The present invention relates to a method for detecting.

(Prior art) Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 112845/1984 as a prior art
If we irradiate the fallen rice grains after removal with light and receive the reflected light while it is being transported one by one in a row, the voltage waveform of the reflected light will be as shown by the solid line in Figure 1. Considering that it is large for paddy and small for brown rice as shown in the figure, the peak voltage and detection time in the voltage waveform were measured, and both the peak voltage and detection time were calculated as ■2 and T.
If the voltage is large as in 2, it is determined to be paddy, and if both the peak voltage and detection time are small as in Vl and T1, it is determined to be brown rice. proposed a method for detecting the culling rate by counting the number of grains of brown rice and dividing the number of grains of brown rice by the number of grains of the multi-grained rice.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in reality, the peak voltage (l) and detection time T1 at which it can be determined that brown rice is minimum value Vla - maximum value Vlb, minimum value Tla - maximum value, respectively, as shown by a dashed line and a dashed double dot line in Fig. 1. While there is variation to such an extent that it can be said that paddy has Tlb, the peak voltage (2) and detection time T2 at which it can be determined that it is paddy actually vary as shown by the one-dot chain line and the two-dot chain line in Figure 1. Minimum value v2a to maximum value v2
b. It has a variation such that it has a minimum value T2a to a maximum value T2b, and the minimum value V2a of the peak voltage in paddy and the maximum value Vlb of the peak voltage in brown rice are the same as the detection time in paddy. There is a region where the minimum value T2a and the maximum value Tlb of the detection time for brown rice overlap each other.

Therefore, as in the prior art, determining paddy or brown rice based on the values of the peak voltage and detection time is different from the peak voltage and detection time that determines that it is brown rice, and the detection time that determines that it is paddy. In the region where the judged peak voltage and detection time overlap as described above, brown rice may be mistakenly judged as paddy, or paddy may be incorrectly judged as brown rice. There was considerable error in the rate.

The present invention reduces the detection error due to misclassification, which was a problem in the prior art, when detecting the deculling rate by distinguishing between paddy and brown rice based on both the maximum voltage and detection time. The purpose of this is to solve the problem of

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve this object, the present invention irradiates light on the fallen rice while arranging it one grain at a time in a line and transporting it, and the peak of the voltage waveform due to the reflected light is detected. Measure the voltage and detection time for multiple grains of fallen rice, count the number of brown rice grains based on the peak voltage and detection time, and divide this number of grains of brown rice by the number of grains of fallen rice. In the method of detecting the tax culm rate, the peak voltage of the voltage waveform is set to a first voltage range below the minimum value of the peak voltage in paddy, the maximum value of the peak voltage in brown rice, and the minimum value of the peak voltage in paddy. The detection time of the voltage waveform is divided into three regions: a second voltage region that overlaps with each other, and a third voltage region that is equal to or higher than the maximum value of the peak voltage for brown rice, and a first time region that is equal to or lower than the minimum detection time for rice. , divided into three regions: a second time region where the maximum detection time in brown rice and the minimum detection time in paddy overlap, and a 3i period in which the detection time in brown rice is greater than or equal to the maximum value, and When the peak voltage of the voltage waveform in dropped rice is in the first voltage range, or when the detection time of the voltage waveform in one dropped rice is in the first time range, it is determined that it is brown rice, and 1 is detected because of the grains of brown rice. On the other hand, when the peak voltage of the voltage waveform of the one scraped rice is in the second voltage range, and the detection time of the voltage waveform of one scraped rice is in the second time range, the brown rice is added. 2 to the number of grains
This is done by adding 1/1.

[Action/effect of the invention]

To explain this relationship in Fig. 2, in this figure, Vla is the minimum value of the peak voltage for determining brown rice, and Vlb
is the maximum value of the peak voltage that is determined to be brown rice, ■2a is the minimum value of the peak voltage that is determined to be paddy, V2b is the maximum value of the peak voltage that is determined to be paddy, and Tla is the maximum value of the peak voltage that is determined to be rice. Tlb is the maximum detection time for determining brown rice, T2a is the minimum detection time for determining paddy, and T2b is the minimum detection time for determining paddy.

Then, the area from Via to V2a is filled with a first voltage IV.
and the region from V2a to Vlb is the second voltage range ■■,
Then, the region from vlb to V2b is a third voltage region mv
shall be. Also, the area from Tla to T2a is the first time area IT, and the area from T2a to Tlb is the second time area I.
IT and the region from Tlb to T2b are defined as a third time region 111T.

In this way, the first voltage range IV is a range below the minimum value V2a of the peak voltage in the paddy, and the first time range IT is the minimum value T2 of the detection time in the paddy.
Since it is a region below a, even if it belongs to the second time region ■T or the third time region n[T, it is always
If it belongs to the voltage range IV, and even if it belongs to the second voltage range nv
Or, even if it belongs to the third voltage range mv, it always belongs to the first time range IT, that is, A, B, C.

In regions D and E, each can be considered to be all brown rice, while belonging to the third voltage region ■v and in the second time region I [T or the third time region I [IT]. If it belongs to the third time domain IT and also belongs to the second voltage range nv or third voltage range ■v, that is, in the F, G and H regions, all of the paddy is It can be assumed that

In the region K where the second voltage region nv and the second time region ■T coincide, it is recognized that it is a region in which it is difficult to distinguish between paddy and brown rice.

Therefore, as mentioned above, when the peak voltage V of the voltage waveform in one dropped rice is in the first voltage range IV, or when the voltage waveform appearance time T in one dropped rice is in the first voltage range IV,
When it is in the time domain IT, it is determined that it is brown rice and 1 is added to the number of grains of brown rice, while the peak voltage ■ of the voltage waveform of the one scraped rice is in the second voltage range ■■, and
The detection time T of the voltage waveform for one fallen rice is the second
By adding 1/2 to the number of grains of brown rice when in the time range nT, the maximum value Vlb of the peak voltage in brown rice and the minimum value Vlb of the peak voltage in paddy are obtained as in the prior art.
2a, and in the area where the maximum detection time Tlb for brown rice and the minimum detection time T2a for paddy overlap, brown rice may be mistakenly determined to be paddy or paddy may be mistakenly judged to be brown rice. It is possible to reliably avoid this, and it is possible to accurately count the number of brown rice grains in a predetermined number of grains of crushed rice.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to significantly improve the detection accuracy when detecting the silicon removal rate of fallen rice.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 includes a paddy supply hopper 2 at the upper part, and a pair of left and right desiliconizing rolls 3.4 at the lower part of the paddy supply hopper 2. This shows a rice hulling machine equipped with a wind selection section 5 for wind-selecting rice husks from the scraped rice de-weighed by the double-sided rolls 3.4 with a suction dust removal fan 6, and the wind selection section 5 The fallen rice after wind selection enters the packet conveyor 8 from the chute 7, and is sent out of the machine by the packet conveyor 8.

Both the desiliconizing rolls 3 and 4 are rotationally driven by a motor 9, and one of the bisiliconizing rolls 3 and 4 is of a fixed position type, while the other desiliconizing roll 4 is It is configured to move toward or away from the one stripping roll 3 by a gap adjustment mechanism 11 driven by an actuator 10.

Further, between the wind selection section 5 and the chute 7, a wind selection section 5
A sampling gutter 12 is provided that receives a portion of the rice grains that fall from the ground, and allows the grains to flow in a line. An optical sensor 13 is provided that irradiates each grain of fallen rice with light and detects the voltage waveform of the reflected light.

Reference numeral 14 receives a signal from the optical sensor 13, and
The number of grains of brown rice contained in a predetermined number of grains of crushed rice is counted, and the desiliconization rate of the crushed rice is thereby detected. Both desiliconization rolls 3.
This is an electronic control circuit that controls increasing/decreasing the gap of 4.

This control will be explained in detail with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. In the flowchart of FIG. 4, in step S1 following the start, a preset target silicon removal rate Light is irradiated on each grain of fallen rice flowing through the interior, the voltage waveform of the reflected light is detected, and the next step S
3, the number of grains of the fallen rice is counted, and then, in step S4, it is determined whether each grain of the fallen rice is brown rice or not, and the number of grains of brown rice is counted.

Details of this step S4 are shown in the flowchart of FIG. Step S4 in the flowchart of FIG.
1, read the peak voltage ■ and detection time T in the voltage waveform for each particle, and then, in step S42,
- determining whether the detection time T in the grain is less than the minimum value T2a of the detection time in the paddy in FIG. 2, that is, whether it is within the first voltage range IV;
If YES, one grain is counted as the number of grains of brown rice in step S43. On the other hand, in step S42, no
When this happens, the process moves to the next step S44, and here,
- Determine whether or not the peak voltage (■) in the grain is less than the minimum value (2a) of the peak voltage in the paddy in FIG. 2, that is, whether it is within the first voltage range IV, Sometimes, in step S45, one grain is counted because it is a grain of brown rice. Also, in this step S44, n.

When , the process moves to step S46, where the detection time TfJ<T 2 a - T 1 b at the - grain is within the range of the second time range IIT, and the peak voltage (■) at the - grain is (■). Within the range of 2a to Vlb, that is, the second
It is determined whether or not the voltage is within the voltage range nv, and only when YES, in step S47, 1/2 grains are counted because they are grains of brown rice.

Then, returning to the flowchart of FIG. 4, step S5
Then, determine whether the number of grains of the fallen rice has reached the predetermined number N, and repeat the above until the predetermined number N is reached, thereby determining the number Y of brown rice grains in the predetermined number N. In the next step S6, a predetermined number N of grains of the fallen rice is counted.
By dividing the number Y of grains of unpolished rice in the inside by a predetermined number N of grains of fallen rice, the desiliconization rate X of the fallen rice is determined.

Step S7
After reading in, in the next step S8, X and Xo
When X<XO, the gap between the silicon rolls 3.4 is narrowed in step S9, and when
In step 310, by widening the gap between the two removal rolls 3 and 4, the removal rate of the removed rice is controlled to be equal to the preset target silicon removal rate.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the voltage waveform of the reflected light when light is irradiated onto the grained rice, Figure 2 is a diagram showing the principle of discrimination between brown rice and paddy according to the present invention, and Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional front view of the huller. 4 and 5 are diagrams showing control flowcharts. 1... Husker, 2... Paddy supply hopper, 3.4
...Departure (70-ru, 5... Wind selection club, 11...
・Gap adjustment mechanism, 12... Sampling gutter, 13.
...Light sensor, 14...Electronic control circuit, Vl
a...Minimum value of peak voltage in brown rice, Vlb.
...Maximum value of peak voltage in brown rice, ■2a...
- Minimum value of peak voltage in paddy, V2b... Maximum value of peak voltage in paddy, Tla... Minimum value of detection time in brown rice, Tlb... Maximum value of detection time in brown rice, T0n... ...Minimum value of detection time in paddy, T2b...Maximum value of detection time in paddy, I
V...first voltage range, nv...second voltage range, II
IV...Third voltage range, IT...First time range, I
IT: 2nd time area, IIIT: 3rd time area.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) As the grains of fallen rice are arranged in a line and transported one by one, light is irradiated onto the grains and the peak voltage and detection time of the voltage waveform due to the reflected light are measured. In this method, the number of grains of brown rice is counted according to the peak voltage and detection time, and the number of grains of brown rice is divided by the number of grains of fallen rice to detect the removal rate. is the first value below the minimum value of the peak voltage in rice.
While dividing the voltage range into three regions: a second voltage range where the maximum value of peak voltage in brown rice and the minimum value of peak voltage in paddy overlap, and a third voltage range which is equal to or higher than the maximum value of peak voltage in brown rice, The detection time of the voltage waveform is divided into a first time region that is less than or equal to the minimum detection time for paddy, a second time region where the maximum detection time for brown rice and the minimum detection time for paddy overlap, and the detection time for brown rice. divided into three regions, and a third time region in which the voltage waveform is equal to or greater than the maximum value of When the time is in the first time range, the rice is determined to be brown rice and 1 is added to the number of grains of brown rice, while the peak voltage of the voltage waveform of the one scraped rice is in the second voltage range, and A method for detecting the shedding rate in a huller, characterized in that when the detection time of the voltage waveform of one scraped rice is in the second time range, one-half is added to the number of grains of brown rice. .