JPS627159B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) This invention relates to an apparatus for producing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste generated during cooking in ordinary households, and is based on a patent application previously filed by the applicant. Gansho 54-
No. 46934 relates to an apparatus for manufacturing organic fertilizer using food waste, in which a part of the rotary comb is improved, and the food waste is compressed as it is to produce solid fertilizer.

(Conventional technology) In recent years, environmental hygiene issues have become important, and among the waste generated by urban households, the amount of so-called kitchen waste, such as leftovers from cooking, vegetable scraps, fish, and chicken bones, has increased. However, processing this requires a huge amount of equipment and manpower, and the current situation is that it cannot be allowed to stop even for a moment. Much of this garbage is incinerated, and some of it is treated with bacteria, but in both cases, there are problems with the cost of equipment and the number of processing days, and in addition, incineration is extremely difficult, and there is a bad odor. ,
The project is disliked by workers and nearby residents, and residents are opposed to building a treatment plant, making it extremely difficult to select a site.

Moreover, when incinerating this garbage, it is assumed that in a large city, approximately 500 tons are processed per day.
If the incineration cost is approximately 9,000 yen per ton, then per day
The drawback was that it cost 4.5 million yen, or approximately 135 million yen per month.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) Therefore, this invention aims to solve the problem that since most of the above-mentioned food waste consists of organic matter that is effective as fertilizer, if this is used as fertilizer now, the large amount of incineration costs mentioned above will be unnecessary. From this perspective, the above-mentioned application is based on the process of selecting only food waste from general waste, pulverizing it, dewatering it, and making use of resources.
The purpose of this device is to dry and produce granular organic fertilizer, and the present invention includes a rotating comb mechanism that scoops up and removes floating matter near the water surface in treatment tank B. In addition to improving water conservation and reducing sewage, the organic fertilizer made from food waste does not need to be stored for a long period of time and can be dried if it is to be applied within a short period of time or processed into fully heated compost. Since this is not necessary, we focused on the fact that by solidifying it as it is by applying pressure, the volume becomes smaller, making it easier to transport, and it has many advantages, such as significantly reducing the overhead costs for drying. This is what I did.

(Means for Solving the Problems) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In Fig. 1, waste consisting of organic food waste and other waste generated in home kitchens, etc. is put into a carry-in tank A, and a scraper with a cutting blade 3 provided at the V-shaped bottom of the carry-in tank A is shown. Yukon Bear 1
The waste is transferred to an adjacent treatment tank B by a vertical bucket conveyor 2, and the weight of metals etc. deposited at the bottom of the water 4 held in this treatment tank B is removed. Materials are discharged to the outside by a stirrer 5 and a screw conveyor 7 provided in a recovery groove 6, and paper bags, etc. floating near the water surface are removed by a rotating comb 8 provided on the side wall of the processing tank B. It is scooped up and transferred onto the wire mesh conveyor 9 to remove it, and finally, only the organic food waste remaining floating in the water 4 is transferred to the wire mesh conveyor 1 through the suction pipe 10.
1 and sent to the next pulverizer C, where it is pulverized into small pieces, further dehydrated by the next dehydrator D, and transferred to the subsequent processing mechanism by the belt conveyor 12. In the manufacturing apparatus, the rotating comb 8 installed on the side wall of the processing tank B has a plurality of comb teeth 14 projecting radially from the rotating shaft 13 to both sides, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Guide rods 15 at both ends
A longitudinal extrusion plate 16 is slidably inserted therein, small wheels 17 are provided at both ends of the extrusion plate 16, and springs 18 are interposed in the guide rods 15 on both sides. The push-out plates 16 on both sides are each urged outward. Reference numeral 19 denotes an arc-shaped guide plate fixed to the inner side of both side walls of the processing tank B, which is eccentric to the rotating shaft 13. The small wheel 17 is brought into contact with and guided by this guide plate, and as the rotating shaft 13 rotates. The extrusion plate 16 is slid along the guide rod 15 and the comb teeth 14.

In Fig. 4, E is the hopper 20 and the weighing machine 21.
Hoppa 20 with automatic garbage weighing mechanism
has a V-shaped cross section, and its one side plate 20a is pivotally supported so that its lower end can be opened and closed by rotation, and is biased by a spring 22 in the closing direction. Reference numeral 23 denotes an electromagnet fixed to the lower end of the one side plate 20a, which attracts the lower end of the other side plate 20b to close it when weighing garbage. The weighing rod 24 of the weighing device 21 supports the hopper 20 at one end of the support rod 25, and measures a certain amount of garbage to be thrown into the hopper 20 by selecting the position of the weight 26 on the other side. When this predetermined amount is exceeded, a switch 27 provided thereon is opened by tilting the balance rod 24, and the electricity to the electromagnet 23 is turned off. Note that this automatic weighing mechanism E is not necessarily limited to the above structure.

F is a garbage compression mechanism installed below the automatic weighing mechanism E, which consists of a hydraulic press 28 and a compression box 29.
It is formed in the same rectangular cross section as . Reference numeral 31 denotes a food waste receiving part opened directly below the hopper 20 in the compression box 29, and 32 a compression part following this.The peripheral wall of this compression part 32 has a large number of drain holes 33, and the end part is provided with a horizontal pull-out door 34 for taking out the food waste O solidified by compression.

When carrying out the present invention configured as described above, among the waste thrown into the treatment tank B, light objects floating near the water surface are removed from the extrusion plate 16 as the rotating shaft 13 of the rotating comb 8 rotates. As the small wheels 17 provided at both ends of the guide rod 1 are guided by the eccentric guide plate 19 and roll about 180 degrees from the position A to the position B in FIG.
The spring 18 provided at 5 is gradually compressed, and when the small wheel 17 comes off the end of the guide plate 19 at the position B, the elasticity of the spring 18 causes the extrusion plate 16 to be rapidly moved to the tip of the guide rod 15. During this rotation, the floating objects scooped up by the comb teeth 14 are pushed out by the extrusion plate 16 and transferred onto the wire mesh conveyor 9. Rotate repeatedly to remove floating objects near the water surface.

Next, when the organic food waste transferred from the dehydrator D to the hopper 20 by the belt conveyor 12 reaches a certain amount, the scale rod 24 is tilted, the switch 27 is opened, and the electromagnet 23 is turned off. One side plate 20a resists the elasticity of the spring 22 and opens its lower end, allowing the garbage to fall into the receiving portion 31 of the compression box 29 below. At this time, the belt conveyor 12 is temporarily stopped and the feeding of garbage to the hopper 20 is interrupted. Next, hydraulic press 2
The piston 30 of No. 8 operates to push the food waste into the compression part 32 and discharge the residual water contained therein from the drain hole 33 while compressing it and solidifying it into a cubic shape.
Further, the door 34 is opened and the piston 30 is used to push the object outside, thereby completing one operation. After this work is completed, the piston 30 immediately returns to its previous position, and during that time, the next batch of garbage that has been fed into the hopper 20 and weighed is thrown into the compression box 29, and the same work process as described above is repeated continuously. It is.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the present invention is based on the aforementioned patent application filed in 1973.
- In No. 46934, the structure of the rotating comb provided in the processing tank was improved, and an extrusion mechanism consisting of a guide plate and an extrusion plate that slid while being guided by the guide plate was installed, and the comb teeth of this rotating comb The scooped up floating material is transferred to the wire mesh conveyor by pushing it out using a spring-inserted pushing plate instead of relying on water force.
The present invention aims to save water and reduce sewage in the tank, and eliminate problems such as pollution as much as possible.Furthermore, while the above application is for a fertilizer manufacturing device made by drying and pulverizing food waste, the present invention As it is, it can be compressed and solidified and fertilized within a short period of time or used as a raw material for fully heated compost, so the complicated equipment for drying and crushing as in the above application is omitted, and the structure is also simple. It is relatively simple, resulting in significant savings in equipment costs, compaction reduces the volume, making it convenient to transport, and there is no need for packaging like the dry fertilizers mentioned above, so overhead costs are low. With the invention, fertilizer manufacturing equipment can be compacted and stored within a factory building, making it easier to resolve issues such as pollution and land issues for construction of treatment plants, and waste that was previously disposed of by incineration etc. In addition to being effectively reused as organic fertilizer, each manufacturing process can be continuously automated, making it suitable for mass production.

In addition, conventional waste treatment plants generally crush food waste first or separate and remove glass, dry batteries, etc. after fermentation, but in either case, the glass breaks into small pieces, making it difficult to sort, and the mercury in dry batteries. It becomes almost impossible to remove harmful substances such as mercury because dry batteries are corroded and destroyed by fermentation heat and stirring, and all garbage is contaminated. In addition, fermentation processing of food waste takes several months and takes a long time, requires a huge amount of equipment and land, and costs increase, so it is extremely difficult to make it into inexpensive compost or its materials that general farmers need. becomes. Compared to these, the apparatus of the present invention can complete the treatment in one day, and therefore has an economical effect in that only a plant with a capacity to process one day's worth of equipment and land is required.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an organic fertilizer production apparatus incorporating the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view showing the main parts of the rotary comb mechanism of the present invention installed in the treatment tank of FIG. 1, and FIG. The same plan view and FIG. 4 are sectional views of essential parts showing the automatic garbage weighing mechanism and compression mechanism of the present invention. A... Carrying tank, B... Processing tank, C...
Grinding machine, D...Dehydrator, E...Automatic weighing mechanism, F
...Compression mechanism, O...Solid food waste, 1...Screw conveyor, 2...Bucket conveyor, 8...
... Cutting blade, 4 ... Water, 5 ... Stirrer, 6 ... Collection groove, 7 ... Screw conveyor, 8 ... Rotating comb,
9... Wire mesh conveyor, 10... Water suction pipe, 11...
Wire mesh conveyor, 12... Belt conveyor, 13...
... Rotating shaft, 14 ... Comb teeth, 15 ... Guide rod, 1
6... Extrusion plate, 17... Small wheel, 18... Spring,
19... Information board, 20... Hotsupa, 20a, 20
b... Side plate, 21... Measuring instrument, 22... Spring, 2
3... Electromagnet, 24... Balance rod, 25... Support rod, 2
6... Weight, 27... Switch, 28... Hydraulic press, 29... Compression box, 30... Piston, 31
...Receiving part, 32...Compression part, 33...Drain hole,
34...door.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A food waste import tank A and an adjacent waste treatment tank B are provided, a screw conveyor 1 is installed horizontally at the bottom of the tank A, a bucket conveyor 2 is installed vertically near the end of the tank A, and a tank A stirrer 5 is installed at the bottom of tank B, and a screw conveyor 7 is installed horizontally in a groove 6 at the bottom adjacent to this, and water is circulated inside from the bottom toward the upper rear wall on the opposite side of tank A. A screen conveyor 11 provided with a suction pipe 10 for cleaning is installed diagonally, and rotary combs 8 are rotatably provided by power over the upper portions of both side walls of the waste treatment tank B. A plurality of comb teeth 14 protrude radially from the screen conveyor 11 and have their tips close to the screen conveyor 11, and guide rods 1 at both ends.
5, a longitudinal extrusion plate 16 is slidably inserted thereinto, small wheels 17 are provided at both ends of the extrusion plate 16, and guide rods 15 on both sides are provided.
A spring 18 is interposed in each of the combs, and an arc-shaped guide plate 19 is provided, which is fixed to both side walls of the waste treatment tank B and is eccentric to the rotating shaft 13 of the rotary comb 8. Installed so that it can slide and rotate freely,
A wire mesh conveyor 9 is installed parallel to the rotating shaft 13 at the same height, and a crusher C is installed next to the waste treatment tank B, and a dehydrator D is further provided. 12 is installed diagonally and hopper 2 is installed.
A hydraulic press 28 and a compression box 29 transfer the waste to be treated to an automatic weighing mechanism E equipped with a weighing device 0 and a weighing machine 21, and compress and solidify the weighed food waste.
1. An apparatus for producing organic fertilizer from food waste, characterized by comprising a compression mechanism F, etc. equipped with a compression mechanism F, etc.