CN107876550B - Kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters - Google Patents
Kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters Download PDFInfo
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- CN107876550B CN107876550B CN201711379682.1A CN201711379682A CN107876550B CN 107876550 B CN107876550 B CN 107876550B CN 201711379682 A CN201711379682 A CN 201711379682A CN 107876550 B CN107876550 B CN 107876550B
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- slag
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- crushing
- kitchen waste
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
- B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C2018/147—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers of the plural stage type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The application discloses a kitchen waste pretreatment system, which comprises a crushing device, a sand removing device, a first squeezing device, a squeezing slag rolling device and a second squeezing device which are sequentially arranged; the device comprises a slag pressing device, a slag pressing device and a stirring device, wherein the slag pressing device is provided with a slag pressing chamber and a stirring chamber communicated with the slag pressing chamber, the slag pressing chamber is provided with a pressing mechanism, and a slag inlet of the slag pressing device is arranged on the slag pressing chamber, so that slag entering the slag pressing device from the slag inlet of the slag pressing device firstly passes through the pressing mechanism and then falls into the stirring chamber; the stirring chamber is provided with a stirring mechanism, and a liquid inlet and a discharge outlet of the squeeze slag rolling device are respectively arranged on the stirring chamber, so that residues passing through the rolling mechanism are mixed with the squeeze liquid in a stirring manner and then discharged. In this application to the residue after the first time squeeze roll the processing, mix with squeezing liquid again for more organic matters dissolve into in the liquid phase in the residue, but the high-efficient recovery organic matter when squeezing for the second time.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters.
Background
Kitchen waste is mainly waste generated in activities such as food processing, food service, and unit meal supply, among other activities, in daily living of residents. The kitchen waste is rich in nutritional ingredients, and mainly comprises starch, free sugar, protein, fat, cellulose, inorganic salt and the like. Therefore, the kitchen waste is extremely easy to deteriorate and rot, not only generates a large amount of toxins and emits malodorous gas, but also pollutes water and atmosphere, so that if the kitchen waste cannot be treated in time, the urban capacity and the environmental sanitation are affected, diseases can be transmitted, and the daily life and the physical health of people are endangered.
With the progress of technology, in terms of the current situation, the kitchen waste is mainly treated by the following treatment modes:
1. and (3) fertilizer treatment: the fertilizer treatment of the kitchen waste mainly comprises two kinds of treatment of aerobic composting and biogas slurry after anaerobic biogas preparation, and the composting and the biogas slurry are prepared into fertilizer.
2. And (3) feed conversion treatment: the fodder treatment of kitchen waste is to utilize a large amount of organic matters contained in the kitchen waste, and convert the kitchen waste into high-calorie animal fodder after crushing, dehydrating, fermenting and drying the kitchen waste.
3. And (3) energy treatment: the energy treatment of the kitchen waste mainly comprises an incineration method, a thermal decomposition method, anaerobic biogas production and the like.
4. Alcohol fermentation of kitchen waste: after removing impurities from the kitchen waste, fermenting the organic material to prepare alcohol.
In view of the above, the method comprises the step of pretreating kitchen waste. That is, since the kitchen waste has wide sources and complex components, contains a lot of impurities, and cannot be directly used for conversion and utilization, and after the kitchen waste is subjected to degritting and impurity removal treatment, a purer organic material is obtained and can be used for subsequent utilization. However, since a large amount of organic matters still exist in the press residues after the pulverization treatment and the one-time press, the pretreatment method for improving the recovery rate of the organic matters is not fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following scheme: a kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters comprises a crushing device, a desanding device, a first squeezing device, a squeezing slag rolling device and a second squeezing device which are sequentially arranged; the discharging hole of the crushing device is communicated with the feeding hole of the sand removing device, the discharging hole of the sand removing device is communicated with the feeding hole of the first squeezing device, the slag outlet and the liquid outlet of the first squeezing device are respectively communicated with the slag inlet and the liquid inlet of the squeezing slag rolling device, and the discharging hole of the squeezing slag rolling device is communicated with the feeding hole of the second squeezing device; the device comprises a slag pressing device, a slag pressing device and a stirring device, wherein the slag pressing device is provided with a slag pressing chamber and a stirring chamber communicated with the slag pressing chamber, the slag pressing chamber is provided with a pressing mechanism, and a slag inlet of the slag pressing device is arranged on the slag pressing chamber, so that slag entering the slag pressing device from the slag inlet of the slag pressing device firstly passes through the pressing mechanism and then falls into the stirring chamber; the stirring chamber is provided with a stirring mechanism, and a liquid inlet and a discharge outlet of the squeeze slag rolling device are respectively arranged on the stirring chamber, so that residues passing through the rolling mechanism are mixed with the squeeze liquid in a stirring manner and then discharged to a second squeezer, and secondary squeeze liquid with less organic residues and improved organic content is obtained through secondary squeezing and is used for subsequent treatment.
The kitchen waste is poured into a crushing device to be crushed, then solid matters with high specific gravity (such as gravel) are separated out through a sand removing device, and then solid-liquid separation is carried out through a first squeezer to obtain residues (solid phase) and (squeezed liquid) liquid phase. Because the crushing device can not crush kitchen waste too thin, inorganic impurities and organic materials are easy to mix together and are difficult to separate, a large amount of organic matters still exist in residues after one-time squeezing, and the organic matters are not well utilized. Therefore, after the first squeezing, the rolling treatment is needed, so that the organic matters in the residues are better squeezed out, and the organic matters are squeezed out along with the residual moisture in the residues and enter the stirring chamber together, and the squeezed liquid is stirred and mixed again. The process makes more organic matters in the residue dissolve into a liquid phase, and then the second solid-liquid separation operation is carried out, wherein the liquid phase contains more organic matters, and the liquid phase with high organic matters is beneficial to the subsequent fermentation operation, alcohol preparation and the like.
The crushing device comprises an upper chamber and a lower chamber which are communicated with each other, a first crushing mechanism is arranged in the upper chamber, a second crushing mechanism is arranged in the lower chamber, and the blade size of the first crushing mechanism is larger than that of the second crushing mechanism, so that the size of a material crushed by the first crushing mechanism is larger than that of a material crushed by the second crushing mechanism; the smashing device feed inlet is arranged on the upper chamber, and the smashing device discharge outlet is arranged on the lower chamber.
The sources of the kitchen wastes are various, and the kitchen wastes have complex components and different sizes, which are quite unfavorable for the subsequent treatment, so that the kitchen wastes are required to be treated into proper sizes. However, as described above, kitchen waste has a complicated composition and a relatively large size, and if the kitchen waste is pulverized to a suitable size at a time, it is difficult to obtain the kitchen waste, and the pulverizing mechanism is likely to be caught by the kitchen waste and malfunction. In this application, set up two at least crushing mechanisms, be first crushing mechanism and second crushing mechanism respectively, handle kitchen garbage into the crushing material of jumbo size through first crushing mechanism's processing, size difference greatly reduced in the crushing material this moment is difficult to block second crushing mechanism, through the processing of second crushing mechanism, obtains the crushing material of small-size, this does benefit to subsequent processing greatly. The upper chamber and the lower chamber are relatively, the first crushing mechanism is arranged as an upper chamber, and the second crushing mechanism is arranged as a lower chamber. The term "the size of the blades of the first comminution mechanism is larger than the size of the blades of the second comminution mechanism" is understood here to mean that the material comminuted by the first comminution mechanism is larger than the material comminuted by the second comminution mechanism.
The upper chamber and the lower chamber are vertically communicated, the first crushing mechanism is arranged at a position close to the feeding hole of the upper chamber, and the second crushing mechanism is arranged at a position close to the discharging hole of the lower chamber. The materials after first crushing can directly fall to the second crushing mechanism under the action of gravity, so that the resistance of the movement of the materials is reduced, and the energy consumption of material transportation is also reduced.
In order to improve the crushing effect, the first crushing mechanism comprises a first fixed cutter group and a first movable cutter group, wherein the first fixed cutter group comprises a plurality of first fixed blades which are fixedly arranged and spaced from each other, and the first movable cutter group comprises a plurality of first movable blades which are rotatably arranged and spaced from each other, and the first fixed blades and the first movable blades are alternately arranged; the second crushing mechanism comprises a second fixed cutter group and a second movable cutter group, the second fixed cutter group comprises a plurality of second fixed cutters which are fixedly arranged and are spaced from each other, the second movable cutter group comprises a plurality of second movable cutters which are rotatably arranged and are spaced from each other, and the second fixed cutters and the second movable cutters are alternately arranged; the second fixed blade is smaller than the first fixed blade in size, and the second movable blade is smaller than the first movable blade in size. Theoretically, the larger the number of moving blades is, the better the crushing effect of the materials is, but the larger the number of moving blades is, the larger the number of driving mechanisms for driving the moving blades is, the larger the size of the equipment is, and the higher the cost is. Furthermore, at a position close to the inner wall of the chamber, the moving blade cannot be too close to the inner wall of the chamber due to the rotation of the moving blade, and the material at the position cannot be effectively crushed. Therefore, through the setting of fixed knife group in this application, both the cost is reduced, has also guaranteed crushing effect.
The first crushing mechanism comprises two pairs of first fixed cutter groups and two pairs of first movable cutter groups, and is arranged in a mode of first fixed cutter groups, first movable cutter groups and first fixed cutter groups, and first movable blades of the two pairs of first movable cutter groups are arranged in a staggered mode; the second crushing mechanism comprises two pairs of second fixed cutter groups and two pairs of second movable cutter groups, and is arranged in a mode of second fixed cutter groups, second movable cutter groups and second fixed cutter groups, and second movable blades of the two pairs of second movable cutter groups are arranged in a staggered mode. Because most materials are located the intermediate position in the cavity, consequently set up two pairs of movable knife tackles in this position, can effectually smash most materials, set up the stationary knife group in the position that is close to the cavity inner wall, can smash the material that movable knife tackle can not effectively smash.
The first fixed blade is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper chamber, the first movable blade is fixed on the first rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the upper chamber (such as through a bearing). The second fixed blade is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower chamber, the second movable blade is fixed on the second rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the lower chamber.
The sand removing device comprises a sand setting device, wherein the sand setting device is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, a stirring mechanism is arranged in the sand setting device, an impurity collecting cavity for collecting impurities is arranged at the bottom of the sand setting device, the longitudinal size of the impurity collecting cavity is larger than the transverse size, and a discharge outlet is arranged; the feed inlet of the sand setting device is the feed inlet of the sand removing device, and the discharge outlet of the sand setting device is the discharge outlet of the sand removing device. Through rabbling rotational flow effect of rabbling mechanism, solid impurity such as gravel sink to impurity collection appearance chamber, and the vertical size in this application is greater than horizontal size in impurity collection appearance chamber, can prevent that these solid impurity from being rolled up once more, has shortened the time of degritting. Preferably, the impurity collecting cavity is in a hollow column shape.
The sand setting device comprises an upper cylinder body and a lower cone body, and the impurity collection cavity is communicated with the bottom of the lower cone body; the discharge port of the sand setting device is arranged on the lower cone, and the feed port of the sand setting device is arranged on the upper cylinder. The cross section area of the lower cone body gradually becomes smaller from top to bottom, and impurities can be accelerated to enter the impurity collecting cavity under the action of rotational flow. And because the longitudinal dimension of the impurity collecting cavity is larger than the transverse dimension, the impurities entering the impurity collecting cavity are not easy to roll up again.
The stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft which is longitudinally arranged, a plurality of stirring blades are alternately arranged on the stirring shaft from top to bottom, and the stirring blade at the lowest position corresponds to the middle upper position of the lower cone. The stirring blades are longitudinally arranged, so that kitchen waste in the sand setting device is more uniform, and the sand removing effect is better. Solid impurities enter the impurity collecting cavity under the action of gravity and rotational flow, and in order to prevent the stirring vane from being arranged at a position too close to the bottom of the lower cone body and generating excessive rotational flow so as to influence the sedimentation of the impurities, the stirring vane at the lowest position corresponds to the middle upper position of the lower cone body. Thus, the stirring efficiency is ensured, and the sand removal effect is ensured.
The rolling mechanism comprises at least two rotatable press rolls which are arranged in close proximity, and the surfaces of the press rolls can be provided with patterns for preventing materials from slipping; the compression rollers relatively roll under the drive of the power equipment, and residues are pressed out from gaps between the compression rollers, so that the extrusion of organic matters is realized. Along with the continuous slag outlet from the squeezer of residue, the compression roller can roll the residue continuously incessantly, need not collect a certain amount of residue and roll again, consequently can continuous production, improves production efficiency. The stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft which is transversely arranged, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring shaft; the liquid inlet and the slag inlet of the squeeze slag rolling device are respectively arranged at two opposite ends (the expression is interpreted as that the liquid inlet and the slag inlet are arranged at one end and the discharge outlet is arranged at the other end). Through setting up as above, the solid phase and the liquid phase that mix in stirring cavity flow out from the discharge gate need go through the mixture of a period of time, and this period of time can make solid phase and liquid phase intensive mixing, takes more organics, obtains better separation effect in the second squeeze.
The first and second presses are screw presses. The screw press comprises a press screw rod, wherein the diameter of the press screw rod gradually increases from a feed inlet to a slag outlet; the thread of the squeezing screw gradually becomes smaller from the feed inlet to the slag outlet. The change of the diameter and the screw pitch can increase the squeezing pressure and has better solid-liquid separation effect on materials.
An RDF forming machine (RDF: refuse derived fuel) is arranged corresponding to the slag outlet of the second squeezer, and a sterilizing device is arranged corresponding to the liquid outlet of the second squeezer. The residue was made into RDF fuel rods by an RDF molding machine. The squeezed liquid enters a sterilizing device for sterilization.
Still include with reducing mechanism matched with kitchen garbage discharge apparatus, discharge apparatus includes the transport mechanism that can carry kitchen garbage can, can carry out the pneumatic clamping mechanism of centre gripping to kitchen garbage can to and drive pneumatic clamping mechanism and rise and empty the elevating system of reducing mechanism feed inlet with kitchen garbage in the garbage can. The kitchen waste contains water, each barrel of kitchen waste usually has larger volume and weight, and the kitchen waste is often huge in quantity and bad in working environment during centralized treatment, and is not suitable for being discharged by manual operation. Through discharge apparatus's setting in this application, utilize mechanical equipment's help, empty kitchen garbage into reducing mechanism, replaced manual labor. Through the discharge apparatus of this application, transport mechanism can carry pneumatic clamping mechanism to the garbage bin of splendid attire kitchen garbage, then pneumatic clamping mechanism presss from both sides tightly the garbage bin, and elevating system promotes the garbage bin to the position of reducing mechanism feed inlet and empties kitchen garbage into reducing mechanism, greatly reduced the cost of labor has increased work efficiency again.
The conveying mechanism comprises a plurality of rollers and a pair of conveying belts, wherein the rollers are arranged at intervals, and the conveying belts are symmetrically arranged above the rollers. The garbage can is placed on the rollers, the conveying belts on the two sides clamp the garbage can, and the pneumatic control clamping arm of the air pump clamps the garbage can along with the operation of the conveying belts and the conveying of the garbage can to the position of the pneumatic clamping mechanism.
The lifting mechanism comprises a driver (including but not limited to a hydraulic cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder), wherein the driver is provided with a reciprocating driving rod, the reciprocating driving rod is longitudinally arranged, the top of the reciprocating driving rod is provided with a pair of rolling gears, a transmission chain is arranged around the rolling gears, one end of the transmission chain is connected with the pneumatic clamping mechanism, and the other end of the transmission chain is fixed and immovable; the pneumatic clamping mechanism moves along the guide groove; the pneumatic clamping mechanism comprises a first frame, the bottom end of which is fixed with one end of the transmission chain, and the top end of which is hinged with a second frame, so that the second frame can swing by taking the top end of the first frame as a fulcrum; the bottom of first frame is connected with one side that second frame bottom is located through the spring, the top of second frame is fixed with a pair of clamp arm, the clamp arm is connected with the air pump respectively, be equipped with the guide slider that can follow the guide way motion on the second frame. When the driver controls the driving rod to reciprocate, one end of the transmission chain is fixed and immovable, and the other end of the transmission chain is connected with the pneumatic clamping mechanism, so that the pneumatic clamping mechanism moves upwards along the guide groove under the lifting of the transmission chain, and kitchen waste in the garbage can is dumped into the crushing device when the pneumatic clamping mechanism moves to the bending position of the guide groove. The pneumatic clamping mechanism is reset when the driver controls the drive rod to retract downwardly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the secondary crushing mechanism is adopted, so that the kitchen waste is prevented from blocking the crushing mechanism, the crushing efficiency is improved, and more organic matters are released from the kitchen waste; the sand setting device is improved, so that impurities entering the impurity collecting cavity can be prevented from being rolled up again, and the separation effect is good; rolling the squeezed residues, and mixing the squeezed residues with the squeezed liquid again to dissolve more organic matters in the residues into a liquid phase; and the discharging device is used for discharging kitchen waste, so that the labor cost is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structures of a crushing apparatus and a sand removing apparatus in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structures of a first press apparatus and a press residue rolling apparatus according to example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a discharging device, a crushing device and a sand removing device in the embodiment 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the discharging device of example 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the lifting mechanism of embodiment 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting mechanism and a pneumatic clamping mechanism according to embodiment 2 (for clarity of illustration, a guide frame is not shown, and a guide slide 524 moves along the guide frame);
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide frame of embodiment 2;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the pneumatic clamping mechanism of embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings for a better understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention by those skilled in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recovering organic matters includes a pulverizing device 100, a desanding device 200, a first press device 400, a press residue rolling device 600, and a second press device 800, which are sequentially arranged; the discharge port of the crushing device 100 is communicated with the feed port of the sand removing device 200, the discharge port 231 of the sand removing device 200 is communicated with the feed port 401 of the first squeezing device 400 through the screw pump 300, the slag outlet 403 and the liquid outlet 402 of the first squeezing device 400 are respectively communicated with the slag inlet 601 and the liquid inlet 602 of the squeezing slag rolling device 600, and the discharge port 603 of the squeezing slag rolling device is communicated with the feed port 801 of the second squeezing device through the screw pump 700; the squeeze slag grinding device 600 is provided with a slag grinding chamber 610 and a stirring chamber 620 communicated with the slag grinding chamber, the slag grinding chamber 610 is provided with a grinding mechanism, and the grinding mechanism comprises two rotatable press rolls 611 which are arranged in close proximity; the slag inlet 601 of the squeeze slag rolling device is arranged on the slag rolling chamber 610, so that the slag entering the squeeze slag rolling device from the slag inlet 601 of the squeeze slag rolling device firstly passes through the rolling mechanism and then falls into the stirring chamber; the stirring chamber 620 is provided with a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft 621 which is transversely arranged, the stirring shaft 621 is provided with stirring blades 622, and a liquid inlet 602 and a liquid outlet 603 of the squeeze residue rolling device are respectively arranged on the stirring chamber, so that residues passing through the rolling mechanism are mixed with squeeze liquid in a stirring way and then discharged; the liquid inlet 602, the slag inlet 601 and the discharge outlet 603 of the squeeze slag rolling device are respectively arranged at two opposite ends.
The crushing device 100 comprises an upper chamber 101 and a lower chamber 102 which are communicated with each other, wherein a first crushing mechanism 110 is arranged in the upper chamber 101, a second crushing mechanism 120 is arranged in the lower chamber 102, and the blade size of the first crushing mechanism 110 is larger than that of the second crushing mechanism 120, so that the size of a material crushed by the first crushing mechanism is larger than that of a material crushed by the second crushing mechanism; the comminution device feed opening 103 is arranged on the upper chamber 101 and the comminution device discharge opening is arranged on the lower chamber 102.
The first crushing mechanism 110 comprises a first fixed cutter set and a first movable cutter set, the first fixed cutter set comprises a plurality of first fixed blades 111 which are fixedly arranged and spaced from each other, the first movable cutter set comprises a plurality of first movable blades 112 which are rotatably arranged and spaced from each other, and the first fixed blades 111 and the first movable blades 112 are alternately arranged; the second crushing mechanism 120 comprises a second fixed cutter set and a second movable cutter set, the second fixed cutter set comprises a plurality of second fixed cutters 121 which are fixedly arranged and spaced from each other, the second movable cutter set comprises a plurality of second movable cutters 122 which are rotatably arranged and spaced from each other, and the second fixed cutters 121 and the second movable cutters 122 are alternately arranged; the second fixed blade is smaller than the first fixed blade in size, and the second movable blade is smaller than the first movable blade in size.
The first crushing mechanism 110 includes two pairs of first fixed cutter groups and two pairs of first movable cutter groups, and is arranged in a manner of first fixed cutter groups, first movable cutter groups and first fixed cutter groups, and first movable blades of the two pairs of first movable cutter groups are alternately arranged; the second crushing mechanism 120 includes two pairs of second fixed cutter groups and two pairs of second movable cutter groups, and is arranged in a manner of second fixed cutter groups, second movable cutter groups and second fixed cutter groups, and second movable cutter blades of the two pairs of second movable cutter groups are alternately arranged.
The first fixed blade 111 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper chamber, the first movable blade 112 is fixed on the first rotating shaft 113, and the first rotating shaft 113 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the upper chamber 101 (for example, by a bearing). The second fixed blade 121 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower chamber, the second movable blade 122 is fixed on the second rotating shaft 123, and the second rotating shaft 123 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the lower chamber 102.
The sand removing device 200 comprises a sand setting device, wherein the sand setting device is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet 231, a stirring mechanism is arranged in the sand setting device, an impurity collecting cavity 210 for collecting impurities is arranged at the bottom of the sand setting device, the longitudinal dimension of the impurity collecting cavity is larger than the transverse dimension, and a discharge outlet is arranged; the feed inlet of the sand setting device is the feed inlet of the sand removing device, and the discharge outlet of the sand setting device is the discharge outlet of the sand removing device.
The sand setting device comprises an upper cylinder 220 and a lower cone 230, and the impurity collection cavity 210 is communicated with the bottom of the lower cone 230; the sand setting device discharge port 231 is arranged on the lower cone 230, and the sand setting device feed port is arranged on the upper cylinder 220. The sand setting device stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft 241 which is longitudinally arranged, a plurality of stirring blades 242 are alternately arranged on the stirring shaft 241 from top to bottom, and the stirring blade at the lowest position corresponds to the middle upper position of the lower cone 230.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4 to 9, the present embodiment is similar to embodiment 1, except that the present embodiment further comprises a discharging device 500 matched with the crushing device, wherein the discharging device 500 comprises a transporting mechanism 510 capable of transporting the kitchen waste bin, a pneumatic clamping mechanism 520 capable of clamping the kitchen waste bin (the kitchen waste is contained by using the garbage bin 501), and a lifting mechanism 530 for driving the pneumatic clamping mechanism 520 to lift and dumping the kitchen waste in the garbage bin into the feeding port of the crushing device.
The transporting mechanism 510 includes a plurality of rollers 511 arranged at intervals, and a pair of conveyor belts 512 symmetrically disposed above the rollers, and the conveyor belts 512 are driven by a motor 513. The trash can 501 containing kitchen waste is located between the conveyor belts 312, which clamp the trash can, moving with the movement of the conveyor belts.
The lifting mechanism 530 comprises a driver 531, wherein the driver 531 is provided with a reciprocating driving rod 532, the reciprocating driving rod 532 is longitudinally arranged, the top of the reciprocating driving rod 532 is provided with a pair of rolling gears 533, a transmission chain 534 is arranged around the rolling gears, one end of the transmission chain 534 is connected with the pneumatic clamping mechanism 520, and the other end of the transmission chain 534 is fixed and immovable; the grinding device further comprises a guide frame 540, wherein a guide groove 541 is formed in the guide frame 540, the top of the guide groove 541 is bent towards the feeding hole of the grinding device, and the pneumatic clamping mechanism moves along the guide groove; the pneumatic clamping mechanism 520 comprises a first frame 521 with the bottom end fixed with one end of a transmission chain, and the top end hinged with a second frame 522, so that the second frame 522 can swing by taking the top end of the first frame 521 as a fulcrum; the bottom end of the first frame 521 is connected to a side of the bottom end of the second frame 522 (the side is taken as a fulcrum as a boundary) by a spring 525, a pair of clamping arms 523 are fixed to the top end of the second frame 522, and the clamping arms 523 are respectively connected to the air pump 526; the second frame 522 is provided with a guide slider 524 that can move along the guide groove.
The foregoing embodiments are merely examples of implementations of the invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and that these obvious alternatives fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters is characterized by comprising a crushing device, a desanding device, a first squeezing device, a squeezing slag rolling device and a second squeezing device which are sequentially arranged; the discharging hole of the crushing device is communicated with the feeding hole of the sand removing device, the discharging hole of the sand removing device is communicated with the feeding hole of the first squeezing device, the slag outlet and the liquid outlet of the first squeezing device are respectively communicated with the slag inlet and the liquid inlet of the squeezing slag rolling device, and the discharging hole of the squeezing slag rolling device is communicated with the feeding hole of the second squeezing device; the device comprises a slag pressing device, a slag pressing device and a stirring device, wherein the slag pressing device is provided with a slag pressing chamber and a stirring chamber communicated with the slag pressing chamber, the slag pressing chamber is provided with a pressing mechanism, and a slag inlet of the slag pressing device is arranged on the slag pressing chamber, so that slag entering the slag pressing device from the slag inlet of the slag pressing device firstly passes through the pressing mechanism and then falls into the stirring chamber; the stirring chamber is provided with a stirring mechanism, and a liquid inlet and a discharge outlet of the squeeze slag rolling device are respectively arranged on the stirring chamber, so that residues passing through the rolling mechanism are mixed with squeeze liquid in a stirring way and then discharged to a feed inlet of a second squeezer, and secondary squeeze slag and secondary squeeze liquid are obtained through secondary squeezing;
the crushing device comprises an upper chamber and a lower chamber which are communicated with each other, a first crushing mechanism is arranged in the upper chamber, a second crushing mechanism is arranged in the lower chamber, and the blade size of the first crushing mechanism is larger than that of the second crushing mechanism, so that the size of a material crushed by the first crushing mechanism is larger than that of a material crushed by the second crushing mechanism; the feeding hole of the crushing device is arranged on the upper chamber, and the discharging hole of the crushing device is arranged on the lower chamber;
the sand removing device comprises a sand setting device, wherein the sand setting device is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, a stirring mechanism is arranged in the sand setting device, an impurity collecting cavity for collecting impurities is arranged at the bottom of the sand setting device, the longitudinal size of the impurity collecting cavity is larger than the transverse size, and a discharge outlet is arranged; the feed inlet of the sand setting device is the feed inlet of the sand removing device, and the discharge outlet of the sand setting device is the discharge outlet of the sand removing device.
2. The kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters according to claim 1, wherein the first crushing mechanism comprises a first fixed cutter group and a first movable cutter group, the first fixed cutter group comprises a plurality of first fixed cutters which are fixedly arranged and spaced mutually, the first movable cutter group comprises a plurality of first movable cutters which are rotatably arranged and spaced mutually, and the first fixed cutters and the first movable cutters are alternately arranged; the second crushing mechanism comprises a second fixed cutter group and a second movable cutter group, the second fixed cutter group comprises a plurality of second fixed cutters which are fixedly arranged and are spaced from each other, the second movable cutter group comprises a plurality of second movable cutters which are rotatably arranged and are spaced from each other, and the second fixed cutters and the second movable cutters are alternately arranged; the second fixed blade is smaller than the first fixed blade in size, and the second movable blade is smaller than the first movable blade in size.
3. The kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters according to claim 2, wherein the first crushing mechanism comprises two pairs of first fixed cutter groups and two pairs of first movable cutter groups, and the first fixed cutter groups, the first movable cutter groups and the first fixed cutter groups are arranged in a mode of alternately arranging first movable blades of the two pairs of first movable cutter groups; the second crushing mechanism comprises two pairs of second fixed cutter groups and two pairs of second movable cutter groups, and is arranged in a mode of second fixed cutter groups, second movable cutter groups and second fixed cutter groups, and second movable blades of the two pairs of second movable cutter groups are arranged in a staggered mode.
4. The kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters according to claim 1, wherein the sand setting device comprises an upper cylinder and a lower cone, and the impurity collection cavity is communicated with the bottom of the lower cone; the discharge port of the sand setting device is arranged on the lower cone, and the feed port of the sand setting device is arranged on the upper cylinder; the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft which is longitudinally arranged, a plurality of stirring blades are alternately arranged on the stirring shaft from top to bottom, and the stirring blade at the lowest position corresponds to the middle upper position of the lower cone.
5. The kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recovering organic matters according to claim 1, wherein the rolling mechanism in the press slag rolling device comprises at least two rotatable press rolls arranged in close proximity; the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft which is transversely arranged, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring shaft; the liquid inlet, the slag inlet and the discharge outlet of the squeeze slag rolling device are respectively arranged at two opposite ends.
6. The kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters according to claim 1, further comprising a feeding device matched with the crushing device, wherein the feeding device comprises a conveying mechanism capable of conveying the kitchen waste, a pneumatic clamping mechanism capable of clamping the kitchen waste, and a lifting mechanism driving the pneumatic clamping mechanism to lift and dump the kitchen waste into a feeding port of the crushing device.
7. The kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recovering organic matters according to claim 6, wherein the transportation mechanism comprises a plurality of rollers arranged alternately and a pair of transportation belts symmetrically arranged above the rollers.
8. The kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters according to claim 7, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a driver, the driver is provided with a reciprocating driving rod, the reciprocating driving rod is longitudinally arranged, the top of the reciprocating driving rod is provided with a pair of rolling gears, a transmission chain is arranged around the rolling gears, one end of the transmission chain is connected with the pneumatic clamping mechanism, and the other end of the transmission chain is fixed and immovable; the pneumatic clamping mechanism moves along the guide groove; the pneumatic clamping mechanism comprises a first frame, the bottom end of which is fixed with one end of the transmission chain, and the top end of which is hinged with a second frame, so that the second frame can swing by taking the top end of the first frame as a fulcrum; the bottom of first frame is connected with one side that second frame bottom is located through the spring, the top of second frame is fixed with a pair of clamp arm, the clamp arm is connected with the air pump respectively, be equipped with the guide slider that can follow the guide way motion on the second frame.
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| CN201711379682.1A CN107876550B (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2017-12-12 | Kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters |
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| CN201711379682.1A CN107876550B (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2017-12-12 | Kitchen waste pretreatment system capable of efficiently recycling organic matters |
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| CN112077132B (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2024-03-12 | 杭州洁洁环保科技有限公司 | Dry-type fermentation biochemical treatment integrated machine and treatment process for garbage |
| CN114571774B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-09-27 | 哈尔滨师范大学 | Device suitable for retrieve alcohol precipitation sediment liquid in traditional chinese medicine pharmacy |
| CN115055493A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-09-16 | 广东益天下环境科技有限公司 | Kitchen waste biochemical treatment device and method |
| CN117181776B (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2024-02-23 | 山东悦宝生物科技有限公司 | Microbial household garbage treatment system and treatment method thereof |
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