JPS6261287B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic planting device for seedling blocks.

Using a seedling block, that is, a seedling pot,
This seedling raising pot is filled with a growing medium such as growing soil mixed with manure, peat moss, germination promoter, etc., and the seedling blocks are sown in this growing medium to grow seedlings and then transplanted to the soil to be transplanted. for,
Although various devices have been used in the past, they have not always been effective and have been one of the factors hindering the mechanization of agricultural work.

In view of the conventional situation, this invention includes a guide tube with a suction port opening at the top, a gap opening on the lower coaxial line of the guide tube, and a drop-in port at the lower end that can be opened and closed with a shutter. By providing a guide tube that is closed and reducing the pressure inside both tubes, the seedling growing block is sucked into the guide tube through the suction port and dropped at an accelerated rate. Performs fall braking,
The seedlings are planted into the planting hole at a predetermined falling speed and, ultimately, by a feeding force.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, one embodiment of the automatic transplantation device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

This embodiment of the apparatus is an example in which a seedling block is pulled out from a seedling growing pot downward by vacuum suction and dropped into a planting hole from above.

That is, first, the seedling block 1 includes a plurality of truncated pyramidal cylindrical seedling raising pots 3 each having a small upper end opening and a larger lower end opening, which are connected by a supporting part 4 around the outer periphery of the adjacent lower end openings. Seedling box 2
The seedling block 1 is grown by filling each seedling raising pot 3 with a growing medium 5 and sowing seeds into it. At this time, the growing medium 5 constituting the seedling block 1 does not easily collapse due to its own cohesive force and the roots 7 that have grown inside.

Further, the automatic transplanting device 8 has a sliding plate 9 having a suction port 10 opened in a part thereof to the extent that the seedling blocks 1 can be received, and the seedling raising box 2 that holds each of the seedling blocks 1 is placed in a holding frame. The seedling blocks 1 are suspended from the suction port 11 and controlled so that each of the seedling blocks 1 can face the suction port 10 one after another by bringing the lower end openings, in other words, the lower surface of each seedling block 1 into contact with the upper surface of the sliding plate 9.

In the lower part connected to the suction port 10, a guide tube 12 and a guide tube 13 having a predetermined length are provided on substantially the same axis with a gap opening 14. Via pipe 15,
It is connected to a pressure reduction source such as a suction fan (not shown), so that the pressure inside the cylinders 12 and 13 can be reduced. And immediately below the suction port 10,
a floodlight 17 for detecting passage of the seedling block 1 into the cylinder;
A photoelectric detector 16 consisting of a light receiver 18 is arranged,
The lower end of the guide tube 13 is connected to a solenoid 19.
Connecting members 20 such as bell cranks and links
This opening/closing operation amplifies the detection signal of the photoelectric detector 16 and is connected to the output signal from the control circuit 22 including an adjustable delay element 23. It is becoming more and more practiced. Furthermore, there is a jet nozzle 24 directed downward along the side of the lower end of the guide tube 13, and this jet nozzle 24 includes an opening/closing mechanism 26 for opening and closing the flow path, and for adjusting the pressure of the liquid passing through the flow path. The control valve 25 is connected to a liquid pressure source such as a liquid pump (not shown) through a control valve 25 having a throttle mechanism 27, etc., so that liquid at a controlled pressure can be ejected at a predetermined timing. . Note that water is usually used as the ejected liquid.

Here, although not shown, the soil to be transplanted 28 is moved by a scraper and a tread wheel provided on a tractor for towing the automatic transplanting device 8, and the height of the lower end surface of the shutter 21 from the soil surface is reduced. It is shaped so that the height H is always constant.

Therefore, in this embodiment, when the lower part of the guide tube 13 reaches a predetermined transplant point of the soil 28 to be transplanted and stops, the opening/closing mechanism 26 of the control valve 25 is first opened for a predetermined time to supply the liquid 29 at a predetermined pressure. Spout nozzle 2
4, the water is ejected toward the transplanted soil 28 at a predetermined transplant point located directly below the guide tube 13. This eruption excavates the surface layer of the target soil 28 within a selected predetermined range, forming a planting hole 30.
A region 30a containing the ejected liquid 29 and made into soft mud is formed.

At this time, conditions such as the digging depth and width of the softened area 30a that will become the planting hole 30, and the degree of softening are determined by the type of seedling to be transplanted, its planting depth, and the soil to be transplanted. The ejection time, liquid pressure, and amount of ejected liquid can be selected by determining the soil quality and other factors as parameters, and controlling the opening time of the opening/closing mechanism 26 of the control valve 25, the degree of throttling of the throttle mechanism 27, etc. Bye. The liquid 29 used may generally be water, but it is effective to optionally mix a drug effective for the establishment of seedlings and a drug effective for the growth of seedlings into this water, if necessary. be.

At the same time, the holding frame 11 moves on the sliding plate 9 and the seedling block 1 held thereon is moved to the suction port 10.
Bring it to the top. At this time, since the suction force due to reduced pressure is acting on the suction port 10, the seedling block 1 is pulled out downward from the seedling growing pot 3, so that the growing medium 5 containing the root group 7 is on the bottom, and the seedling 6 is on the top. In other words, while in the planting position, the seeds rapidly descend or fall inside the guide tube 12 due to their own weight and suction force,
This is detected by photoelectric detector 16. Then, the seedling block 1 is passed through the guide tube 12 through the gap opening 14.
When the seedling block 1 passes through and reaches the guide tube 13, the negative pressure inside the guide tube 13 is reduced due to the reduction of the suction area due to the presence of the seedling block 1, and conversely, the suction force through the gap opening 14 acts upward. As a result, a decelerating effect, that is, a buffering effect appears, and furthermore, it continues to fall inside the guide tube 13, and upon receiving the detection signal from the photoelectric detector 16, an output is output from the control circuit 22 after a predetermined delay time. After passing through the shutter 21 which is opened by a signal, the seedling block 1 is turned into soft mud containing the aforementioned liquid 29 forming the planting hole 30 at a predetermined speed, that is, at an optimum planting force. It is put into the area 30a.

Here again, the speed at which the seedling block 1 is introduced into the planting hole 30 is determined by the length of the guide tube 12 and the guide tube 13, the strength of the suction force applied, the delay time in the control circuit 22, the opening of the shutter 21, etc. Timing and other factors can be optimally set as parameters, and when seedlings are introduced, the seedling block 1 is properly placed in the planting hole 30 while rejecting soft mud, and the outside is covered with soft mud, so that the seedling block 1 is properly placed. Transplanting is completed under this moisture. After this, if necessary, cover with surrounding soil while proceeding to the next planting point.

In addition, in the above embodiment, a means using liquid jet pressure is used to dig the planting hole, but this is not necessarily necessary, and it is of course possible to use another mechanical means to dig the planting hole. It is.

As described in detail above, when using the device of this invention, the seedling block is sucked and dropped by the guide tube under reduced pressure, and the seedling block is passed through the gap opening for reducing pressure at the bottom of the guide tube and reaches the guide tube. At the time,
After controlling the falling speed of the seedling blocks to provide an appropriate planting force, the shutter is opened and the seedlings are introduced into the designated planting holes. Unlike devices that are transported to the hole position while being careful not to collapse the shape and then implanted, the mechanism is extremely simple, the implantation is stable and effective, and the liquid ejection pressure is low. This method has the advantage that even more effective planting can be achieved by using it in conjunction with a means that allows the planting hole to be dug using the method.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an automatic planting device according to the present invention. 1... Seedling block, 2... Seedling raising box, 3... Seedling raising pot, 5... Growing medium, 6... Seedling, 7... Root group, 8... Automatic transplanting device, 9... Sliding board, 10...
...Suction port, 11... Holding frame, 12... Guide tube, 1
3... Guide cylinder, 14... Gap opening, 16... Photoelectric detector, 19... Solenoid, 21... Shutter, 22... Control circuit, 24... Ejection nozzle, 2
5... Control valve, 28... Soil to be transplanted, 29... Liquid, 30... Planting hole, 30a... Softened area.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A guide tube having a suction port opened at the top for receiving seedling blocks, and a space opening between the guide tube and arranged substantially coaxially below the guide tube, and for planting and dropping. A guide cylinder having a shutter that can be opened and closed at a lower end opening serving as a mouth, means for controlling pressure reduction inside each cylinder through the gap opening, means for detecting the drawing of a seedling block into the guide cylinder, and this detection. An automatic seedling block planting device comprising means for opening and closing the shutter within a set time based on an output from the means. 2. A guide tube with a suction port opening at the top to receive the seedling block, and a gap opening between the guide tube and a lower end opening arranged substantially coaxially below the guide tube and serving as a planting outlet. A guide cylinder provided with a shutter that can be opened and closed at the part thereof, a means for controlling pressure reduction in each cylinder through the gap opening, a means for detecting the drawing of a seedling block into the guide cylinder, and an output from the detection means. Therefore, the present invention is equipped with means for opening and closing the shutter within a set time, and a jet nozzle that jets liquid at a predetermined pressure downward from the shutter and digs a planting hole into the surface layer of the soil to be transplanted. An automatic seedling block planting device featuring: