JP2009189366A - Method for planting and planter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for planting which drops and feeds seedlings or seeds by certainly boring stiff soil in planting seedlings, seeds of sugar cane, etc., and to provide a planter. <P>SOLUTION: Provided is the method for planting in which an auger shaft in a vertical guiding cylinder passes through a top plate of the guiding cylinder, and the cylinder can move up/down with the auger in a condition in which the guiding cylinder is supported by the top end of a screw part of the auger as impossible to fall, in returning of the auger after boring the top end of the screw part pushes up the top plate of the guiding cylinder and the guiding cylinder raises from the ground, and planting is performed by feeding the seedlings and seeds from its underside to the hole in boring. The seedlings or seeds can be planted by pushing the guiding cylinder into the boring hole at the same time boring the soil with the screw part and then inserting seedlings or seeds from a window hole on a side wall of the guiding cylinder and fall down of the boring hole can be prevented by the guiding cylinder as the auger shaft has a pushing down member on the upper side of the guide plate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a planting method and a planting machine that can be easily drilled in soil and supplied to fall when seedling such as sugar cane or seed millet is planted.

Sugarcane is generally cultivated in three ways: spring planting in which seedlings are planted in spring, summer planting in summer, and stocking that encourages germination from harvested plants in January to March. However, in any case, for various reasons, a portion that does not germinate well and does not reach the harvest occurs. Such outbreaks are relatively frequent and affect revenues, which is a headache for sugarcane farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to replant the missing part, but it is hard labor to replant manually in a wide field. In the current situation where the shortage of labor due to the aging of sugarcane farmers has become a serious issue, mechanization or lightening of supplementary planting work is an urgent issue.

As a supplementary planting method that can be adopted relatively easily even by small-scale sugarcane farmers, it is conceivable to drill seedlings and seed millets one by one by drilling into the field with a punch. As such a device, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the beak-shaped perforated body whose lower end is directed downward is lowered and inserted into the soil, and the beak-shaped portion is opened in the ground, A structure has been proposed in which a drop is supplied.

JP 2006-271253 A

However, in the case of Okinawa, it is difficult to open a beak-like part in the ground because the soil in the field is hard. Therefore, it is necessary to have a method capable of reliably drilling even hard soil and dropping and supplying seedlings and seed millet.
The technical problem of the present invention is to realize such a technique that can pay attention to such a problem and can reliably drill holes even in hard soil and supply seedlings and seeds in a fall manner.

The technical problem of the present invention is solved by the following means. Claim 1 is mounted or towed on a self-propelled machine such as a tractor, and the mechanical force of a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic motor, etc. causes the drilling means to descend into the ground and then drills and then ascends to the ground The planting method is characterized by dropping and supplying seedlings and types during the drilling after returning.
In this way, it is mounted or towed on a self-propelled machine such as a tractor and drilled by making a punching means such as a cartridge case or auger descend into the ground with mechanical force such as a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic motor, etc. After that, since it is raised and returned to the ground, it is easy to plant the seedlings and types by making holes easily and reliably even in hard soil and dropping and supplying the seedlings and types therein.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a perforated body disposed in a lower portion of a vertical cylinder connected to a vertical drive unit by mechanical force is pushed down to perforate, and then returns to the ground and then manually or automatically. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein the perforated body is retracted from below to open a lower opening of the vertical cylinder, and seedlings and types are inserted into the vertical cylinder and dropped and supplied during drilling.
As described above, when the lower perforated body connected to the vertical drive unit by the mechanical force descends to perforate and then returns to the ground, drilling in the soil is completed. Next, when the perforated body is withdrawn from the bottom of the vertical cylinder manually or automatically, the lower part of the vertical cylinder is opened, so if you drop seedlings and types into the vertical cylinder, The plant is completed after being dropped. In addition, it is recommended that a worker sitting on both feet should put the surrounding soil on it.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the state where the auger in the guide tube in the vertical state is rotating, the lower portion of the guide tube is pushed into the excavation hole by the auger shaft, and the auger is lifted and retracted after excavation. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein seedlings and types are dropped and supplied from the hole into the guide tube, and then the guide tube is pulled up from the excavation hole.
In this way, when the auger in the vertical guide cylinder is rotating, the lower part of the guide cylinder is pushed into the excavation hole by the auger shaft, and the auger is lifted and retracted after excavation. The seedlings and types can be dropped and planted in the guide tube from the window hole. After planting, pull up the guide tube from the excavation hole with the auger shaft and return to the original position.

According to claim 4, the shaft of the auger in the guide tube in the vertical state penetrates the guide tube top plate, and the guide tube can be lowered together with the auger in a state where the guide tube is supported by the upper end of the auger or the push-up member so as not to be lowered.
When the auger rises and returns after excavation, the guide cylinder top plate is pushed up by the upper end of the screw part or the push-up member, the guide cylinder is raised from the ground, and seedlings and seeds are supplied into the excavation hole from below. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein the planting method is characterized.
Thus, since the shaft of the auger in the guide tube in the vertical state penetrates the guide tube top plate, the guide tube can be lowered together with the auger while being supported by the upper end of the auger screw or the push-up ring so that it cannot be lowered. When the auger rises and returns after excavation, the guide cylinder top plate is pushed up with the upper end of the screw part or the push-up ring, the guide cylinder is raised from the ground, and seedlings and seeds are supplied into the excavation hole from below. it can. Therefore, it is not necessary to push the lower part of the guide cylinder into the excavation hole.

Claim 5 is an apparatus for carrying out the planting method according to claims 1 and 2, wherein a perforated body is disposed at the lower part of a vertical cylinder moved up and down by a mechanical force such as a hydraulic cylinder and around a horizontal axis. Is pivotally supported,
When the perforated body is press-fitted into the ground and drilled, and when it rises and returns to the ground, the perforated body is supported so as to be able to rotate and retract from under the vertical cylinder,
It is a planting machine characterized in that a vertical cylinder for dropping seedlings and types is opened.
In this way, since the perforated body is disposed under the vertical cylinder that is moved up and down by mechanical force such as a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic motor, the perforated body is pressed into the soil by hydraulic pressure, and the planting hole is formed in the soil. Can be easily drilled. When the perforated body is perforated and ascends to the ground, it receives the operating force from the limbs or automatically, or the perforated body in the pivoted state rotates around the horizontal axis and revolves from the bottom of the vertical cylinder, Since the vertical cylinder is opened, if seedlings and types are dropped from the upper end, they fall into the drilled implantation hole and the planting is completed.

In claim 6, the lower part of the perforated body has a streamlined point,
The shaft-supported perforated body automatically returns to the lower end of the vertical cylinder by a return means such as a coil spring.
In order to retract the perforated body from directly below the vertical cylinder, it must be structured to automatically retract in conjunction with the stepping drive of the retracting lever extending from the shaft support portion, the manual operation of the operating lever, or the lifting and returning operation. The planter according to claim 5, wherein the planter is a planter.
Thus, since the lower part of the perforated body is pointed in a streamlined shape, if it is press-fitted into the soil by mechanical force, it can be easily drilled even in hard soil. In order to retract the lower perforated body of the vertical cylinder after drilling, it is automatically retracted by stepping on the retracting lever extending from the shaft support or by manual operation of the operating lever, or in conjunction with the ascending return operation. When the vertical cylinder is retreated and fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, seedlings and seeds are dropped from the upper end, the above-mentioned operating force is released, and the pivoted bored body is automatically lowered by the return means such as a coil spring. To return to the initial state.

Claim 7 includes a vertical cylinder of the planting machine, a vertical driving cylinder for operating the vertical cylinder, a planting frame, and a driven body mounted by a lifting means at the rear of the tractor or pulled by a self-propelled aircraft including the tractor. 7. The planting machine according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a seedling or a type of loading section and an operator's seating means are mounted on the planting frame. The driving pressure of the cylinder may be hydraulic or compressed air pressure. Needless to say, a pneumatic cylinder is equipped with a compressor.
In this way, because it is mounted on the lifting means at the rear of the tractor or attached to the driven main body towed by the self-propelled machine, the vertical cylinder of the planting machine is installed, and the vertical driving cylinder for operating the vertical cylinder is equipped. The drilling body can be driven easily and reliably by driving the perforated body with oil pressure or air pressure supplied from a tractor or self-propelled aircraft. In addition, since the seedling and the type of mounting portion and the operator's seating means are attached to the planting frame attached to the driven main body, the worker can perform the planting work continuously and efficiently while sitting.

Claim 8 has a hydraulic cylinder for moving the vertical cylinder up and down and an operating lever for operating the hydraulic cylinder,
When the vertical cylinder rises and returns, the retracting lever that retracts the perforated body has a structure that hits the lower surface of the frame,
An electric or hydraulic opening / closing part that is opened / closed by a switch operation or a lever operation to be dropped is provided below the fertilizer hopper and / or the agrochemical hopper. 7. The planting machine according to 7.
As described above, since the hydraulic cylinder that moves the vertical cylinder up and down and the operation lever that operates the hydraulic cylinder are provided, the vertical cylinder and the perforated body are moved up and down by hydraulic pressure, thereby saving labor. When the vertical cylinder is lifted and returned, the retract lever for retracting the perforated body comes into contact with the lower surface of the driven main body such as the frame, so that the retract lever operation for opening the vertical cylinder is also automated. In addition, it has an electric or hydraulic opening / closing part that opens and closes by operating switches and levers and supplies fertilizer and / or pesticides in the lower part of the fertilizer hopper and / or pesticide hopper. Just by operating the switch and lever, fertilizer and pesticides are automatically dropped and fed into the planting hole.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of radial blades are fixed on the outer surface of the streamlined or tapered portion of the perforated body, and the outer ends thereof are inclined in the same direction as the streamlined or tapered portion. A planting machine according to any one of claims 5 to 8.
In this way, a plurality of radial blades are fixed to the outer surface of the streamlined or tapered portion of the perforated body, and the outer ends thereof are inclined in the same direction as the streamlined or tapered portion. Or, before the taper part enters the soil, a plurality of radial blades enter the soil first and break the hard soil, so that the streamlined or taper part easily enters the soil. . The plurality of radial blades are more likely to enter the soil than streamlined or tapered portions.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the auger shaft in the guide tube in the vertical state penetrates the guide tube top plate, and the guide tube is supported by the push-up member such as the upper end of the screw portion of the auger or the ring shape so that the auger cannot be lowered. It is a planting machine characterized in that it can be raised and lowered together.
In this way, the auger shaft in the guide cylinder in the vertical state penetrates the guide cylinder top plate, and can be raised and lowered together with the auger while the guide cylinder is supported so as not to be lowered by the upper end of the screw portion of the auger or the push-up member. Therefore, when the auger rises and returns after excavation, the guide cylinder top plate is pushed up by the upper end of the screw part or the push-up ring, and the guide cylinder rises from the ground. And can be planted.

The present invention is characterized in that the auger shaft has a ring-shaped push-down member on the auger shaft above the top plate of the guide tube, the guide tube can be pushed down, and a window hole is formed in the side wall of the guide tube. The planting machine according to claim 10.
In this way, since the auger shaft has a push-down member above the top of the guide tube top, and the guide tube can be pushed down, at the same time as excavating into the soil with the screw part, the guide tube is pushed down into the excavation hole. The seedlings and types can be inserted and planted from the window hole opened in the side wall of the guide cylinder, and the excavation hole can be prevented from collapsing with the guide cylinder in the excavation hole. Further, the excavated soil on the screw is discharged to the outside from the window hole of the guide cylinder by centrifugal force.

Mounted or towed on a self-propelled machine such as a tractor as in claim 1, and with a mechanical force such as a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic motor, etc., a punching means such as a cartridge case or an auger is lowered into the ground. After drilling and returning to the ground, it is easy to plant seedlings and seeds by easily and reliably drilling even hard soil and dropping and feeding seedlings and seeds therein.

As described in claim 2, when the drilled body on the lower side of the vertical cylinder connected to the vertical drive unit by mechanical force descends and drills and then returns to the ground, the drilling of the soil is completed. Next, when the perforated body is withdrawn from the bottom of the vertical cylinder manually or automatically, the lower part of the vertical cylinder is opened, so if you drop seedlings and types into the vertical cylinder, The plant is completed after being dropped.

As in claim 3, with the auger in the vertical guide cylinder rotating, the lower part of the guide cylinder is pushed into the excavation hole with the auger shaft, and the auger is lifted and retracted after excavation. Seedlings and seeds can be dropped and planted in the guide cylinder from the window hole on the side of the guide cylinder. After planting, pull up the guide tube from the excavation hole with the auger shaft and return to the original position.

As in claim 4, the auger shaft in the guide cylinder in the vertical state passes through the top of the guide cylinder, and the guide cylinder descends with the auger while being supported by the upper end of the auger screw part or the push-up ring so that it cannot be lowered. When the auger is lifted and returned after excavation, the guide cylinder top plate is pushed up by the upper end of the screw part or the push-up ring, the guide cylinder is raised from the ground, and seedlings and seeds are supplied into the drilling hole from the lower side. can do. Therefore, it is not necessary to push the lower part of the guide cylinder into the excavation hole.

Since the perforated body is disposed in the lower part of the vertical cylinder that is moved up and down by mechanical force such as a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor as in claim 5, the perforated body is pressed into the soil by oil pressure and is put into the soil. Planting holes can be easily drilled. When the perforated body is perforated and ascends to the ground, it receives the operating force from the limbs or automatically, or the perforated body in the pivoted state rotates around the horizontal axis and revolves from the bottom of the vertical cylinder, Since the vertical cylinder is opened, if seedlings and types are dropped from the upper end, they fall into the drilled implantation hole and the planting is completed.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the lower part of the perforated body is pointed in a streamline shape, the hole can be easily drilled even in hard soil by press-fitting into the soil with mechanical force. In order to retract the lower perforated body of the vertical cylinder after drilling, it is automatically retracted by stepping on the retracting lever extending from the shaft support or by manual operation of the operating lever, or in conjunction with the ascending return operation. When the vertical cylinder is retreated and fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, seedlings and seeds are dropped from the upper end, the above-mentioned operating force is released, and the pivoted bored body is automatically lowered by the return means such as a coil spring. To return to the initial state.

As in claim 7, the vertical cylinder of the planting machine is mounted on a driven body mounted on the lifting means at the rear of the tractor or pulled by a self-propelled machine, and a vertical driving cylinder for operating the vertical cylinder is provided. Therefore, it is possible to easily and reliably open the planting hole by driving the perforated body with oil pressure or air pressure supplied from a tractor or a self-propelled aircraft. In addition, since the seedling and the type of mounting portion and the operator's seating means are attached to the planting frame attached to the driven main body, the worker can perform the planting work continuously and efficiently while sitting.

Since the hydraulic cylinder for moving the vertical cylinder up and down and the operating lever for operating the hydraulic cylinder are provided as in claim 8, the vertical cylinder and the punched body are moved up and down by hydraulic pressure, thereby saving labor. When the vertical cylinder is lifted and returned, the retract lever for retracting the perforated body comes into contact with the lower surface of the driven main body such as the frame, so that the retract lever operation for opening the vertical cylinder is also automated. In addition, it has an electric or hydraulic opening / closing part that is opened and closed by switch operation and lever operation below the fertilizer hopper and / or pesticide hopper, and supplies fertilizer and / or pesticide to fall. Just by operating the switch and lever, fertilizer and pesticides are automatically dropped and fed into the planting hole.

Since a plurality of radial blades are fixed on the outer surface of the streamlined or tapered portion of the perforated body as in claim 9, and the outer end thereof is inclined in the same direction as the streamlined or tapered portion, Before the streamlined or tapered part of the body enters the soil, multiple radial blades enter the soil first and break the hard soil, so the streamlined or tapered part enters the soil It becomes easy to do. The plurality of radial blades are more likely to enter the soil than streamlined or tapered portions.

As in claim 10, the shaft of the auger in the guide tube in the vertical state passes through the guide tube top plate, and the guide tube rises with the auger while being supported by the upper end of the screw portion of the auger or the push-up member so that it cannot be lowered.・ Because it can descend, when the auger rises and returns after excavation, the guide cylinder top plate is pushed up by the upper end of the screw part or the push-up ring, and the guide cylinder rises from the ground. Can supply and plant types.

Since the auger shaft has a push-down member on the upper side of the guide cylinder top plate and can be pushed down as in claim 11, the guide cylinder is excavated in the soil at the same time, and at the same time the guide cylinder is pushed down in the excavation hole. It is possible to insert seedlings and seeds from a window hole opened in the side wall of the guide cylinder and plant them, and to prevent the excavation hole from collapsing with the guide cylinder in the excavation hole. Further, the excavated soil on the screw is discharged to the outside from the window hole of the guide cylinder by centrifugal force.

It is a side view explaining the outline | summary of a press-fit type planting machine. It is a perspective view of the planting machine of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the evacuation operation | movement of a punching body. It is a perspective view of the state where the planting machine is mounted on a small tractor. It is the perspective view which automated the retraction | saving operation | movement of a piercing body. It is an exploded front view of an auger punching machine. It is a front view of the state which stored the auger in the guide cylinder. It is a front view in the state where the guide tube descends and the lower end is in contact with soil. It is a front view in the state where the screw lower end pierces the soil and rotates. It is a front view of the state which started excavating soil with a screw part. It is a front view of the state where the guide cylinder lower part was pushed in the excavation hole. It is a front view in the state where excavation soil on a screw is discharged from a window hole. It is a front view of the state where the screw part retreated to the upper part of the guide tube and seedlings and types can be inserted from the window hole. It is a front view of the state where the vertical cylinder only for insertion of a seedling and a kind was attached with an auger punch. Side view of perforated body with radial vanes

Next, an embodiment of how the planting method and the planting machine according to the present invention are actually embodied will be described. FIG. 1 is a side view for explaining the outline of a planting machine, and a separate vertical cylinder 2 is placed on a perforated body 1 to be drilled in the soil S. The vertical operating body 4 inserted into a laterally-oriented square cylindrical frame 3 attached and fixed to the side surface of the vertical cylinder 2 is pinned. As shown in FIG. 2 (perspective view), a rotary shaft 6 inserted through the horizontal holes of the two support arms 5 and 5 fixed to the side surface of the vertical cylinder 2 is provided with a vertical connecting member 7 in the vertical direction. The perforated body top 8 is connected and fixed. Further, the other end of the tension coil spring 10 attached to the tip of the retracting lever 9 extending in the horizontal direction from the rotating shaft 6 is hooked on the mounting plate 11 fixed to the vertical cylinder 2 on the upper side of the rotating shaft 6.

The vertical operating body 4 is driven up and down as indicated by an arrow a1 by a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder. A top panel 8 integrated with the perforated body 1 is formed in a U shape by a connecting member 7 and a retracting lever 9. Normally, since the tip of the retracting lever 9 is pulled upward by the tension coil spring 10, the punched body top 8 is pressed against the lower end of the vertical cylinder 2, and the punched body 1 is also in the vertical state.
Now, when the vertical cylinder 4 is pushed downward by the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the top 8 and the drilled body 1 are also pushed down by the vertical cylinder 2, so that the lower part of the drilled body 1 is press-fitted into the soil S and planted holes Can be opened. The front end (lower end) of the perforated body 1 is pointed in a streamline shape so that it can be perforated with less resistance, and has a shape of a medicine bowl.
When the hole is drilled to a predetermined depth, the vertical cylinder 2 is lifted by the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, so the perforated body 1 attached to the vertical cylinder 2 is pressed against the lower end of the vertical cylinder 2 by the spring force of the tension coil spring 10. It rises and returns to its original height.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, when the tip of the retracting lever 9 is pushed down with the foot against the tension of the tension coil spring 10, the U-shaped retracting lever 9, the connecting member 7, and the top 8 are integrated. It rotates counterclockwise around the rotation axis 6. As a result, the perforated body 1 integrated with the top board 8 also rotates counterclockwise, retreats from the lower side of the vertical cylinder 2, and the lower opening of the vertical cylinder 2 is opened.
In this state, when the fertilizer 12 is put into the upper end opening of the vertical cylinder 2, it falls into the planting hole h opened earlier. Next, when the sugarcane seedling 13 is introduced in the same manner, it falls onto the fertilizer in the planting hole h, and the planting is completed. When the operator stops stepping on the retracting lever 9 and returns the perforated body 1 to the original vertical state by the spring force of the return spring 10, and when the surrounding soil is applied around the seedling 13 in the planting hole h with both feet, Is more perfect.

In the illustrated example, the structure is such that the tip of the retracting lever 9 is stepped on with a foot and the perforated body 1 is retracted from the lower side of the vertical cylinder 2, but instead of the stepping type, the operating lever with the tip of the retracting lever 9 standing upward The opening at the lower end of the vertical cylinder 2 can also be opened by manually operating. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, the perforated body 1 can be automatically retracted by interlocking the ascending return operation of the vertical cylinder 2 and the retracting lever 9. As shown in FIG. 1, the tip of the retracting lever 9 may be pulled from above by increasing the mounting position of the mounting plate 11 that hooks the other end of the tension coil spring 10 as shown by chain lines 11 a and 11 b.

In FIG. 3, since the perforated body 1 is retracted obliquely, the vertical cylinder 2 cannot be lowered to near the ground. However, the retracting lever 9 and the tension coil spring 10 are set at an upward angle as indicated by chain lines 9a and 10a in FIG. Then, the lower end of the vertical cylinder 2 can be lowered to near the ground by retracting and raising the perforated body 1 when stepped on to the horizontal position. As a result, when fertilizer or seedling is introduced from the upper end of the vertical cylinder 2, it can be reliably guided into the planting hole h, and positional deviation between the lower end of the vertical cylinder 2 and the planting hole h can be prevented. The inner diameter of the vertical cylinder 2 is, for example, 7 cm, the outer diameter of the perforated body 1 is about 7 to 8 cm, and the height is about 23 cm. The perforated body 1 may be hollow or a solid cylinder.

When the soil is too hard and press fitting is difficult with the rod-shaped perforated body 1 as shown in the figure, a small-diameter cylindrical core 1c is fixed to the tip of the rod-shaped streamlined portion as shown in FIG. A plurality of radial blades (fins) 1f, for example, in a Y shape or a cross shape are fixed to the outer surfaces of the two, and the tip of the cylindrical core 1c is sharpened. The lower side of the radial blade 1f is inclined in the same direction as the streamlined portion so as to easily enter the soil, and the outer edge of the inclined portion is sharpened in a mountain shape to further enter. It is easy to do. The bowl-shaped streamlined portion of the perforated body 1 may be tapered. At this time, the taper angle may be changed stepwise to approximate a streamlined shape. The plurality of blades 1f only need to weld an iron plate.
If a short slanted blade of only the upper half is added between adjacent blades 1f and 1f and is fixed only to the streamlined part of the shell, the cracks in the soil double from the middle during press-fitting. The press-fitting becomes even easier.

In FIG. 4, the front frame f <b> 1 of a rectangular planting frame is fixed to the lower part of the driven body 15 coupled to the lifting arm 14 at the rear of the tractor in a state where the above planting machine is coupled to a small tractor. A seat 17 is mounted on the rear frame f2 of the rectangular frame so that an operator can sit there. Left and right cargo beds 18 and 19 are attached to left and right vertical frames f3 and f4 of a rectangular frame, and seedlings and types to be planted are loaded thereon.
The vertical operating body 4 is fixed to the lower end of a guide cylinder 16 standing on the rear portion of the driven body 15, extends rearward, and is inserted and fixed in the horizontal cylindrical frame 3. Therefore, the vertical cylinder 2 into which fertilizer and seedlings are placed stands in the space between the driven main body 15, the stool 17 on the rear frame f <b> 2, and the left and right loading platforms 18 and 19. An operator sitting on the stool 17 hangs both feet from the space between the left and right cargo beds 18 and 19 and the vertical cylinder 2 and steps on the retracting lever 9 as described above, or removes the surrounding soil from the seedling. You can hang it around.
As shown in FIG. 5, a piston rod R protrudes from the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder C attached and fixed to the left side of the driven body 15 and is connected to the lower and upper operating bodies 4 and the lower end of the guide cylinder 16. The guide cylinder 16 is guided so as to be vertically movable between a pair of front and rear guide wheels g and g at two upper and lower positions, but the guide cylinder 16 and the vertical cylinder 2 may be integrally connected.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an example in which the retracting operation of the retracting lever 9 is automated. The hydraulic cylinder C and the guide tube G are attached and fixed to the back surface of the driven body 15 in FIG. A piston rod R of a hydraulic cylinder C is connected to the cylinder 2. The retracting lever 9 for retracting the perforated body 1 extends to the horizontal frame f5 connected to the driven main body 15 side, that is, to the lower side of a portion integral with the driven main body 15 side.
Accordingly, the hydraulic cylinder operating lever 22 is operated to actuate the hydraulic cylinder C, the piston cylinder R pushes down the vertical cylinder 2 to open a planting hole in the field with the drilled body 1, and then the hydraulic cylinder C opens the vertical cylinder 2 When lifted and returned, when the entire punch 1 is exposed above the ground, the retracting lever 9 hits the lower part of the driven body 15 such as the horizontal frame f5 and functions in the same manner as the stepping, and the drill 1 rotates. The shaft 6 is pivoted and retracted in the same manner as in FIG. 3, and the lower end of the vertical cylinder 2 is opened. Next, the fertilizer falls from the fertilizer hopper 20 into the vertical cylinder 2 and then dropped into the planting hole h. Further, the pesticide falls from the pesticide hopper 21 into the vertical cylinder 2 and is subsequently supplied to the planting hole h. Thereafter, seedlings and seeds are supplied into the vertical cylinder 2 and dropped into the planting hole.

The fertilizer hopper 20 has an opening / closing portion 20m that opens and closes a drop supply port with an electric motor, an electromagnet, or the like hydraulically, and a pesticide hopper 21 with an electric motor, an electromagnet, or the like, or hydraulically. It has an opening / closing part 21m that opens and closes the drop supply port. When the electric or hydraulic opening and closing parts 20m and 21m are linked with the above-described ascending movement of the vertical cylinder 2, fertilizer and agricultural chemicals can be automatically dropped and supplied into the planting hole h. The fertilizer / pesticidal supply switch 23 and the hydraulic valve provided on or near the lever 22 can be manually operated to open / close the electric or hydraulic opening / closing sections 20m and 21m.
In place of the hydraulic cylinder C, a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic motor, or the like can be used. As a self-propelled vehicle, a cultivator can be used instead of a tractor.

As described above, with a mechanical force of a hydraulic cylinder or the like, a pointed perforated body is lowered into the ground to make a hole and then drilled. Since seedlings and types are introduced and dropped and supplied into the previously drilled holes, it is possible to reliably drill holes even in hard soil and plant seedlings and types. Is preferred.

However, during the summer drought, the soil may be hardened so that the perforated body cannot be press-fitted with hydraulic pressure. In such a case, a screw type auger as shown in FIG.
The auger 24 for excavation shown in FIG. 6 forms an auger by providing a screw blade 26 at the lower part of the auger shaft 25, and the lower end 27 of the screw shaft 25 is pointed. The upper end portion of the screw 26 also functions to push up the guide cylinder top plate, but a push-up ring 28 can be specially provided as indicated by a broken line.
The auger shaft 25 has a push-down ring 29 at a position away from the screw 26 so that the top plate of the guide tube can be pushed down.
The auger shaft 25 is chain driven by the output shaft of the hydraulic motor M.

The guide tube 30 that houses the auger 24 has an inner diameter that allows the screw portion 26 to rotate inside, and an insertion hole 32 of the auger shaft 25 is opened at the center of a top plate 31 that is fixed so as to close the upper end. is there.
The side wall of the guide tube 30 has a hole 34 for discharging excavated soil and inserting seedlings and types. In the illustrated example, almost half of the window hole 34 is cut out to form a window hole 34.

FIG. 7 shows a state where the auger 24 is housed in the guide tube 30, and the auger shaft 25 passes through the insertion hole 32 of the guide tube top plate 31. Further, the guide cylinder top plate 31 is placed and supported on the upper end of the auger screw 26.
Accordingly, when the auger shaft 25 is raised or lowered in this state, the guide cylinder 30 is also raised and lowered together.

Next, the order of excavation and planting by an auger will be described in the order of steps.
In the state of FIG. 7, when the auger shaft 25 is lowered by the cylinder C or the like of FIG. 5, the lower end of the guide tube 30 first comes into contact with the soil S as shown in FIG. 8.
In this state, since the auger shaft 25 is further lowered and rotated in the excavation direction, the screw shaft lower end 27 is first inserted into the soil S and rotated as shown in FIG. As a result, the soil S begins to be excavated.
As the excavation further proceeds, the guide cylinder top plate 31 is pushed down by the push-down ring 29 of the auger shaft 25, so that the guide cylinder 30 is forcibly pushed into the excavated hole h as shown in FIG. It will be completed.

Next, when the auger shaft 25 is pulled up by the cylinder C or the like, only the auger shaft 25 is raised while the guide tube 30 is held in the excavation hole h as shown in FIG. When 26 comes to the position of the window hole 34, the soil placed on the screw blades 26 is discharged from the window hole 34 by centrifugal force.
When the auger shaft 25 is further raised, as shown in FIG. 13, the screw portion 26 is lifted from the window hole 34 and retracted into the guide cylinder upper portion 30b, so that the role of rotation is completed and the rotation drive by the motor M is stopped. Stopped by.
At this point, when seedlings and types are inserted and dropped from the window hole 34, they fall into the lower portion 30a of the guide tube 30.
Next, when the auger shaft 25 is further raised, the guide cylinder top plate 31 is pushed up at the upper end of the screw portion 26, so that the lower portion 30a of the guide cylinder 30 is pulled out from the excavation hole h, and is further raised. Return to the original state and complete a series of steps.

As described above, when seedlings and types are inserted and dropped from the window hole 34 in FIG. 13 with the guide cylinder lower part 30a being pushed into the excavation hole h in the excavation process, the landslide after excavation is removed from the guide cylinder lower part 30a. Since it can be blocked by, it can be planted reliably and easily.
If the soil viscosity is high, such as after rainfall, there is less risk of landslide after excavation, so that the seedlings and seeds are directly in the drilling h immediately after excavation with the guide tube 30 lifted and retreated on the ground. Can be inserted and planted.
In this way, when the seedling or the kind is directly inserted into the perforation h, the guide tube 30 is raised as shown in FIG. 7, but if the guide tube 30 gets in the way, the guide tube 30 is manually inserted. It is possible to perform the insertion work after lifting and widening the space below the guide tube 30.

Thus, if the seedling and the kind are directly inserted into the drilling h, it is not necessary to push the guide tube 30 into the drilling hole h as shown in FIG. There is no. Alternatively, it is sufficient to install the guide tube 30 at a higher position so that the push-down ring 29 does not contact the top plate 31 of the guide tube 30 during excavation. In this case, if the guide tube 30 is lifted by hand to expand the lower space Easy to insert seedlings and types.
Further, if it is not necessary to push the guide cylinder 30 into the excavation hole h during excavation, the guide cylinder 30 may be omitted. If there is no guide cylinder 30 at all, there is no window hole 34 for discharging excavated soil, but when excavation is completed and the auger is lifted and retreated to the ground, the auger is then stopped and planted. It is also possible to move to the next planting position and excavate with an auger with the previous excavated soil attached. That is, it is possible to omit the process of releasing the soil attached to the screw portion, but the discharge can be performed without the window hole 31.

If there is a risk of landslide and the guide tube lower part 30a remains in the excavation hole h as shown in FIG. It is necessary to insert the excavated soil by centrifugal force.
Since the auger rotates inside the guide cylinder 30, the auger shaft 25 is inserted into the centering ring 33 slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the guide cylinder 30 as shown in FIG. It is preferable to prevent the screw 26 from coming into contact with the inner surface of the guide cylinder 30 during rotation by allowing the screw to rotate.
If a bearing is used as the ring 33 and the auger shaft 25 is inserted and fixed in the inner race, the stability is good.

As described above, when the centering ring 33 is provided, the push-up ring 28 in FIG. 6 is provided above the centering ring 33. Since the push-up ring 28 receives the load of the guide cylinder 30, it is suitable to use a thrust bearing, but the centering ring 33 can also function as the push-up member 28.
Since the push-down ring 29 pushes down the top plate 31 of the guide cylinder, a thrust bearing is suitable.

When the auger 24 and the guide tube 30 are present, it is impossible to drop seedlings and types from the top of the vertical tube 2 and to supply fertilizers and pesticides as shown in FIG. In order to insert seedlings and types into the window hole 34 and the excavation hole h, the workability is poor because it must be bent.
In order to solve this problem, as shown in FIG. 14, the rotational center of the rotating base 35 is attached to and supported by the driven body 15 of FIGS. It is effective to attach a vertical cylinder 2 dedicated to insertion of a kind.
The rotary base 35 is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder C and a hydraulic motor M, and the auger shaft 25 is inserted into a large-diameter hole of the horizontal plate 37 connected to the piston of the hydraulic cylinder C, and is pulled up above the horizontal plate 37. The ring 38 has a push-down ring 29 on the lower side, and is fixed to the auger shaft 25 respectively. A thrust bearing is also suitable for the lifting ring 38. Since the large-diameter hole of the horizontal plate 37 is larger than the outer diameter of the auger shaft 25, the auger shaft 25 can freely rotate.

The sprocket of the output shaft of the hydraulic motor M mounted on the rotating base 35 and the sprocket inserted through the auger shaft 25 are connected by a chain 40 to transmit the rotational force to the auger.
The sprocket inserted through the auger shaft 23 is provided with a keyway in the sprocket or the auger shaft 25 as a spline shaft so that the auger shaft 25 can freely move up and down and transmit the rotational force from the motor M. The bearing 39 is a receiver for preventing the sprocket from descending.
Accordingly, as shown in the figure, the planting hole h is drilled in a state where the rotary base 35 is locked so that the auger shaft 25 is in a vertical state.
When drilling and inserting seedlings and seeds into the drilling h, the left handle H1 is pushed down to rotate the rotating base 35 by an angle α and to the left around the bolt 36 to connect the vertical cylinder 2 to the true position of the drilling h. Move up and lock. Then, seedlings and types are inserted from the upper end opening of the vertical cylinder 2 and dropped into the perforation h. Since the lower ends of the fertilizer pipe 20p and the agrochemical pipe 21p in FIG. 5 are inserted into the oblique hopper 41 on the side surface of the vertical cylinder 2, the electric opening and closing parts 20m and 21m in FIG. 2 can be dropped into the perforation h.

When the fertilizer and pesticide fall supply and planting are finished, the right handle H2 is pushed down to rotate the rotating base 35 rightward by an angle α to return to the original state shown in the figure, move to the next planting position, and drill the next hole. Do.
When the dedicated vertical cylinder 2 is used in this way, the guide cylinder 30 cannot be inserted into the perforation h, and it is impossible to insert seedlings and types therein, so that the broken perforation h is likely to collapse. It is difficult to apply.
In that case, if a tapered pressurizing portion 42 is provided in the lower portion 30a of the guide cylinder 30, the upper portion of the perforation h, that is, the opening is pressed outward and compressed, and therefore it is difficult to collapse. When the upper portion of the pressurizing portion 42 is formed in a curved shape that opens in a morning glory shape, the opening portion of the excavation hole h that is apt to collapse is pressurized outward and downward, and the gradient of the opening end of the drilling h after the guide cylinder 30 is lifted and removed. Since it becomes gentler, it becomes more difficult to collapse.
By such pressurization, the opening of the perforation h is pressed into a morning glory shape, so that a guide function at the time of insertion also occurs, and insertion of seedlings and types becomes easy.

When supplementing the sugarcane-deficient part, the sugarcane seedlings that have been germinated in advance in the seedling pot are often planted by inserting the seedling pots or removing the pots into the perforation h and planting them. It is necessary to set the internal diameter of 30 and the vertical cylinder 2 to the dimension which can insert a seedling pot.
In addition, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is applicable also to planting seedlings, seeds, etc. other than sugarcane seedlings.

With the aging of producers and the review of policy support related to sugarcane, the work area per person is expected to increase more than before. The style of supplementary planting work by human power is difficult to work for long hours because it digs a hole with scissors and bends it to plant it. Therefore, it is considered that needs for supplementary transplanters arise from the viewpoint of laborability.
Also, from 2007, the minimum producer price system, which has been applied to sugarcane farmers, will be abolished, and a new support measure called management stability measures will be implemented. However, sugarcane-producing farmers who do not meet the requirements of this rule in terms of management stability will be excluded from grants from 2010, and will be forced to withdraw from sugarcane production. In order to respond to management stability measures, many sugarcane producers in Okinawa are currently entrusted with plowing / land preparation, stock management, planting, and harvesting operations, which are the core operations of sugarcane production. It is assumed that it must be outsourced to other organizations, and supplementary planting work is no exception, so it is considered that the trustee group will undertake supplementary planting work in a large area.
It is.

S soil h planting hole 1 perforated body 2 vertical cylinder (cylinder)
3 Cylindrical frame 4 Vertical operating body 5 Support arm 6 Rotating shaft 7 Vertical connecting member 8 Perforated body top plate 9, 9a Retraction lever 10, 10a Pull coil spring 11, 11a, 11b Mounting plate 12 Fertilizer 13 Seedling 14 Elevating arm 15 Followed Main body 16 Guide cylinder g / g Guide wheel C Hydraulic cylinders f1 to f4 Rectangular planting frame 17 Stool 18/19 Loading platform R Piston rod 20 Fertilizer hopper 21 Pesticide hopper 20m / 21m Electric or hydraulic opening / closing part 24 Auger 25 Auger shaft 26 Screw blade 28 Push-up member (ring shape is good)
29 Push-down member (good ring shape)
30 Guide tube 31 Top plate 32 Auger shaft insertion hole 33 Centering ring 34 Window hole 35 Rotating base 36 Support shaft 38 such as bolt or pin Lifting member (ring shape is good)
39 Sprocket receiver 40 Chain 41 Diagonal hopper H1 ・ H2 Handle

Claims (11)

Mounted or towed on a self-propelled machine such as a tractor, and with mechanical force such as a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic motor, etc. A planting method, wherein seedlings and seeds are dropped and supplied during the drilling. A perforated body disposed in a lower part of a vertical cylinder connected to a vertical drive unit by mechanical force is pushed down to perforate and then lifted and returned to the ground, and then manually or automatically from below the vertical cylinder. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein the lower opening of the vertical cylinder is opened, the seedlings and types are inserted into the vertical cylinder, and are dropped and supplied during drilling. With the auger in the vertical guide cylinder rotating, the lower part of the guide cylinder is pushed into the excavation hole by the auger shaft, and the auger is lifted and retracted after excavation. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein the seed tube and the kind are dropped and supplied, and then the guide tube is pulled up from the excavation hole. The shaft of the auger in the guide tube in the vertical state penetrates the guide tube top plate, and can be lowered together with the auger while the guide tube is supported so as not to be lowered by the upper end of the screw portion of the auger or the push-up ring.
When the auger rises and returns after excavation, the guide cylinder top plate is pushed up by the upper end of the screw part or the push-up ring, the guide cylinder is raised from the ground, and seedlings and seeds are supplied into the excavation hole from below. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein the planting method is characterized. A perforated body is disposed at the bottom of a vertical cylinder that is moved up and down by a mechanical force such as a hydraulic cylinder, and is pivotally supported around a horizontal axis.
When the perforated body is press-fitted into the ground by the vertical cylinder and drilled, and returned to the ground, the perforated body is supported so as to be rotatable and retractable from below the vertical cylinder,
A planting machine characterized in that the vertical cylinder into which seedlings and seeds are dropped is open. The lower part of the perforated body has a streamlined point,
The shaft-supported perforated body automatically returns to the lower end of the vertical cylinder by a return means such as a coil spring.
In order to retract the perforated body from directly below the vertical cylinder, it must be structured to automatically retract in conjunction with the stepping drive of the retracting lever extending from the shaft support portion, the manual operation of the operating lever, or the lifting and returning operation. The planting machine according to claim 5, wherein the planting machine is characterized. A vertical cylinder of the planting machine, a vertical driving cylinder for operating the vertical cylinder, and a planting frame are mounted and mounted on a driven body mounted by a lifting means at the rear of the tractor or pulled by a self-propelled machine including the tractor. The planting machine according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a seedling or a type mounting portion and a worker's seating means are attached to the planting frame. It has a hydraulic cylinder that moves the vertical cylinder up and down and an operating lever that operates this hydraulic cylinder.
When the vertical cylinder rises and returns, the retraction lever that retracts the perforated body has a structure that hits the lower surface of the driven main body such as a frame,
An electric or hydraulic opening / closing part that is opened / closed by a switch operation or a lever operation to be dropped is provided below the fertilizer hopper and / or the agrochemical hopper. 7. The planting machine according to 7. A plurality of radial blades are fixed on an outer surface of a streamlined or tapered portion of the perforated body, and an outer end thereof is inclined in the same direction as the streamlined or tapered portion. The planting machine according to any one of claims 5 to 8. The auger shaft in the guide cylinder in the vertical state penetrates the guide cylinder top plate, and the guide cylinder is supported so that it cannot be lowered by the upper end of the auger screw or by a push-up member, so that it can be raised and lowered together with the auger. Planting machine. 11. The planting machine according to claim 10, wherein the auger shaft has a push-down member above the guide tube top plate, the guide tube can be pushed down, and a window hole is formed in a side wall of the guide tube. .

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