JPS62293053A - Heat pump type air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an air conditioner using a heat pump type refrigeration cycle.

2. Description of the Related Art An example of an air conditioner using a conventional heat pump type refrigeration cycle will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 shows a refrigeration cycle diagram in a conventional air conditioner.

In Fig. 5, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, 4 is a pressure reduction mechanism, 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger, and 6 is an accumulator, which are sequentially connected in a ring with refrigerant piping 7 to form a refrigeration cycle. are doing. 8 is an indoor heat exchanger fan, and 9 is an outdoor heat exchanger fan.

The operation of the air conditioner configured with the above-described refrigeration cycle will be described below. Now, taking heating operation as an example, as shown by the solid arrow in FIG. Inflow. During heating, the indoor heat exchanger 3 acts as a condenser,
The inflowing refrigerant gas is condensed and liquefied by releasing heat to the surrounding indoor air, and is adiabatically expanded by the pressure reduction mechanism 4 to become a low-temperature, low-pressure gas/liquid two-phase state and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 5. At this time, since the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is an evaporator, the two-phase refrigerant absorbs heat from the surrounding outdoor air, evaporates, and becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas, which flows into the accumulator 6 and returns to the compressor 1. Inhaled. In this way, the indoor heat exchanger 3, which is a condenser, can heat the room by exchanging heat between the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas and the room air. On the other hand, during cooling operation, cooling is performed by switching the four-way valve 2 to reverse circulation as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG.

In many such air 1 cooling machines, the four-way valve 2 is energized during heating. Therefore, when the operation stop switch is turned off at the end of heating, the operation of the compressor 1, etc. is stopped and the four-way valve 2 is turned off at the same time. 2 is also de-energized and switched. Therefore, the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant that was present in the indoor heat exchanger a flows back into the accumulator 6, which was at a low pressure, and the pressure is instantly balanced. As a result, most of the refrigerant sealed in the refrigeration cycle is stored in the accumulator 6.
If the refrigerant remains in the compressor 1 and is left for a long time until the next heating starts, the so-called stagnation phenomenon occurs in which the refrigerant passes through the refrigerant pipe 7 and enters the lubricating oil in the compressor 1. . If you start heating operation again under these conditions,
Since most of the enclosed refrigerant exists in the compressor 1 and accumulator 6, the amount of refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle is small, and therefore the amount of heat exchanged with the surrounding air in the indoor heat exchanger 3 and outdoor heat exchanger 5 is also small. The start-up is getting worse.

In addition, the refrigerant dissolved in the lubricating oil in the compressor 1 foams due to the intense stirring action after the compressor 1 is started.
A so-called forming phenomenon occurs, and lubricating oil leaks into compressor 1.
It sticks out to the outside.

Furthermore, the liquid refrigerant that has accumulated in the accumulator 6 is sucked into the compressor 1, causing a liquid compression phenomenon.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention As mentioned above, in air conditioners using conventional heat pump refrigeration cycles, there is little refrigerant circulation collapse in the initial stage of startup, so heat is absorbed from the outdoor ambient air and heat is radiated to the indoor ambient air. is small, and the increase in compressor work is slow.As a result, in the case of a high-pressure type compressor, the amount of heat generated is small and the temperature of the compressor does not easily reach its upper limit. In this way, it takes a considerable amount of time for the refrigeration cycle to reach a steady state, and during this time, sufficient heating capacity is not obtained, resulting in problems such as the hot air not blowing out easily or the temperature of the entire room rising slowly. had. Furthermore, there have been problems in that forming phenomena and liquid compression phenomena occur during the initial stage of startup, which affects reliability.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a heat pump type air conditioner that quickly blows out warm air when starting heating and blowing cold air when starting cooling, and which has a quick start-up (fall) and is reliable. It also aims to improve sexual performance.

Means to solve the problems 7! l! In order to solve this problem, the heat pump type air conditioner of the present invention connects a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a pressure reduction mechanism, and an outdoor heat exchanger in order in a ring shape with refrigerant piping, and connects the outlet side of the indoor heat exchanger with the outdoor heat exchanger. A refrigeration cycle is configured by providing an opening/closing mechanism in the flow path between the inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger and a check valve in the flow path between the discharge side of the compressor and the four-way valve, In addition, fans for indoor heat exchangers,
An outdoor heat exchanger fan and a physical pressure detection device were provided, and when a stop signal was generated, the opening/closing machine groove was closed, and the compressor was operated until the detection result of the physical pressure detection device reached a constant value. The four-way valve is equipped with a control device that stops the operation of the four-way valve while maintaining the cycle until the next operation start signal is generated.

According to the above-mentioned configuration, the present invention closes the opening/closing machine groove at the end of heating (cooling) operation, simultaneously turns off the compressor after operating it until the detection result of the physical quantity detection device reaches a certain value, and turns off the four-way valve. By stopping the heating (cooling) operation while maintaining it, the next heating operation can be started while most of the enclosed refrigerant is stored in the indoor heat exchanger via the switchgear groove and the back pressure valve during heating. As a result, a large amount of refrigerant is ring-closed from the indoor heat exchanger to the outdoor heat exchanger when heating starts, leading to an increase in the amount of heat absorbed in the outdoor heat exchanger. In addition, since the refrigerant shortage phenomenon in the outdoor heat exchanger is alleviated, the drop in low pressure is small, and the compression stage sucks refrigerant gas with a high density, resulting in a large compression discharge amount in the compression stage and a large amount of work. Become. In this way, due to the increase in the amount of heat absorbed in the outdoor heat exchanger and the increase in the amount of work in the compressor, the amount of heat released in the indoor heat exchanger increases, leading to an increase in heating capacity, resulting in an air conditioner that starts up quickly. On the other hand, since most of the refrigerant is present in the indoor heat exchanger before startup, the phenomenon of stagnation in lubricating oil during compression is alleviated, and since there is not much refrigerant in the accumulator, Forming phenomena and liquid compression phenomena are alleviated compared to conventional methods, and reliability is also improved.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, a heat pump type air conditioner according to an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a refrigeration cycle of a heat pump air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 1, 1 is a compressor, 11 is a check valve, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, 1o is an electromagnetic on-off valve which is an example of an on-off mechanism, 4 is a pressure reducing groove, and 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger. The exchanger 6 is an accumulator which is successively connected in an annular manner through a refrigerant pipe 7 to form a refrigeration cycle. 8 is a fan for the indoor heat exchanger, 9 is a fan for the outdoor heat exchanger, and 13 and 14 are piping sensors for the outdoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, respectively.

FIG. 2 shows a control circuit in the first embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 2, 2o is the source, 21 is the operation switch,
22 and 27 are the relay and coil for the four-way valve 2, respectively.
3 and 28 are the glue and coil for the electromagnetic on-off valve 10, respectively, 26 and 31 are the relay and drive motor for the compressor 1, respectively, and 32 is a control device that incorporates opening/closing control of various relays, etc., and is a physical quantity detection device. Temperature detection device 15, which is one of the
are connected. Furthermore, an indoor heat exchanger piping sensor 13 and an outdoor heat exchanger piping sensor 14 are connected to the temperature detection device 15 to detect the refrigerant piping temperature, which is one of the physical quantities.

The operation of the heat pump type air conditioner configured as described above will be explained below using the time chart shown in FIG. 3, taking heating time as an example.

During heating operation, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas that has been adiabatically compressed in the compressor 1 passes through the check valve 11 and the four-way valve 2, flows into the indoor heat exchanger 3 that serves as a condenser during heating, and is mixed with the surrounding indoor air. Heat exchange causes condensation heat to be released and condensation to liquefy.

Then, after passing through the electromagnetic on-off valve 1o and undergoing adiabatic expansion by the pressure reducing groove 4, it becomes a gas-liquid two-phase state with a lower temperature and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 5, which serves as an evaporator during heating. There, the heat of evaporation is absorbed by heat exchange with the surrounding outdoor air, and the air is evaporated, passed through the accumulator 6, and sucked into the compressor 1 again. In this way, the heat of condensation of the refrigerant is blown out from the indoor heat exchanger 3 as warm air, generating heating capacity and raising the temperature of the indoor air.

Now, when the operation stop button is pressed to end the heating operation (at 1 in FIG. 3), an operation stop signal is generated, and the control device 32 detects this and performs the following operations. At the same time as the operation stop signal is generated, the control device 32 controls the relay 2
3 is used as an opening point, the coil 28 for the electromagnetic on-off valve 10 is de-energized, and the flow path, which was previously open, is closed. The compressor 1 continues to operate, but during this time the temperature of the pipes of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is constantly detected by the pipe sensor 14 and temperature detection device 15 installed on the outdoor heat exchanger 5 which is on the low pressure side during heating. It has become. Thereafter, when the pipe temperature reaches a preset or stored constant value (ol in Figure 3), (τ2 in Figure 3)
), the relay 26 for the compressor 1 becomes an open contact, and the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped. At the same time, the operation switch 21 also becomes a contact point and all heating operations are stopped. However, at this time, only the relay 22 for the four-way valve 2 is controlled by the control device 32 to keep the closed contact, and as a result, the relay 22 for the four-way valve 2
The power will remain energized and the heating cycle will continue. After that, when the operation stop button is pressed to restart the heating operation after several hours have passed (at time τ3 in Fig. 3), the operation switch 21 becomes a closed contact, and at the same time the relay 26 for the compressor 1 and the electromagnetic Relay 2 for on-off valve 10
3 and the like become closed contacts, the electromagnetic on-off valve 10 is energized, the flow path is opened, the compressor 1 and the like start operating, and the heating operation is restarted.

Here, the reason why a constant value 01 is set for the pipe temperature on the low pressure side as the timing to stop the compressor 1 is as follows. In other words, when the pipe temperature reaches a certain value θ1, there is only a small amount of refrigerant on the low-pressure side, and most of it is stored in the indoor heat exchanger 3 on the high-pressure side, and when the pipe temperature falls below that, the low-pressure pressure also increases considerably. This is because the pressure drops to below atmospheric pressure and there is a possibility that air etc. may be mixed in.

Although the explanation has been given above regarding heating, the same applies to cooling. However, during cooling, the four-way valve 2 switches and the condenser becomes the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and the evaporator becomes the indoor heat exchanger a, so the pipe temperature detection uses the pipe sensor 13 for the indoor heat exchanger 233. Become.

As described above, according to this embodiment, after the flow path is closed by the electromagnetic on-off valve 10 when heating fails, and after the pipe temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger reaches a certain value (01 in FIG. 3), the compressor Stop operation of 1.

In addition, since the four-way valve 2 is still maintaining the heating cycle at this time, most of the refrigerant is contained in the electromagnetic on-off valve 10 and the check valve 1.
1 and is retained in an indoor heat exchanger 3 which is a condenser. As a result, when the heating operation is resumed, the amount of refrigerant circulating from the indoor heat exchanger 3 to the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is large, and therefore the amount of heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger increases. At the same time, the shortage of refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is alleviated, so the drop in low pressure is small, and the amount of work in the compressor 1 is also increased. In this way, since the amount of heat absorbed and the amount of work increase, the amount of heat released also increases, making it possible to quickly ramp up the heating capacity.

Further, a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.

A fully closable electric expansion valve 12 is provided in place of the opening/closing mechanism and the pressure reducing mechanism. As described above, as long as the flow path can be completely closed and the device also functions as a pressure reducing mechanism, the effects of the present invention can be fully brought out and there is no problem.

In addition, although the physical quantity detection device in the first embodiment of the present invention is a temperature detection device that detects the temperature of the refrigerant pipe on the low pressure side of the refrigeration cycle, physical quantities other than this embodiment include the temperature of the refrigerant on the low pressure side. It may also be a pressure detection device that performs detection.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the heat pump type air conditioner of the present invention stores refrigerant in the indoor (outdoor) heat exchanger, which is a condenser, when heating (cooling) ends, until the next heating (cooling) starts. If the operation is restarted while maintaining this state, the amount of refrigerant circulating from the condenser to the outdoor (indoor) heat exchanger that is the evaporator increases, and the amount of heat absorbed in the evaporator increases. In addition, the amount of work in the compressor increases accordingly, so the amount of heat dissipated in the condenser increases, and as a result, the refrigeration cycle reaches steady state earlier, so the hot air (cold air) blows out less than before. (Falling)
This makes it possible to provide a quick air conditioner. Also,
Most of the sealed refrigerant is present in the indoor (outdoor) heat exchanger through the opening/closing mechanism and check valve, so the amount of stagnation in the oil in the compressor is small, which alleviates the forming phenomenon after startup, and also reduces the amount of oil trapped in the accumulator. In addition, since the refrigerant does not stagnate much, the liquid compression phenomenon is also alleviated, and it also exhibits an excellent effect in terms of reliability.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a refrigeration cycle diagram of a heat pump type air conditioner according to the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a control circuit diagram of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a time chart diagram of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a refrigeration cycle diagram in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. S is a refrigeration cycle diagram of a conventional heat pump type air conditioner. 1... Compressor, 2... Four-way valve, 3...
... Indoor heat exchanger, 4 ... Decompression shallow groove, 5.
...Outdoor heat exchanger, 7...Refrigerant piping, 8
...Indoor heat exchanger fan, 9...Outdoor heat exchanger fan, 10...Switcher groove, 11
. . . Check valve, 15 . . . Physical quantity detection device, 32 . . . Control device. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person 2nd
rIJ 3rd Figure 5

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a pressure reduction mechanism, and an outdoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected in a ring with refrigerant piping, and between the outlet side of the indoor heat exchanger and the inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger. A refrigeration cycle is constructed by providing an opening/closing mechanism in the flow path of the compressor and a check valve in the flow path between the discharge side of the compressor and the four-way valve. A dexterous fan and a physical quantity detection device are provided, the opening/closing mechanism performs a closing operation when an operation stop signal is generated, the compressor is operated until the detection result of the physical quantity detection device becomes a constant value, and then turned off, and the The four-way valve is a heat pump type air conditioner equipped with a control device that stops operation while maintaining the cycle until the next operation start signal is generated. (2) The heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the physical quantity detection device is a device that detects the refrigerant pipe temperature or refrigerant pressure on the low-pressure side of the refrigeration cycle.