JPS62273395A - Obstruction detector for sealing type shielding excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an obstacle detection device for a closed shield excavator.

[Prior art] Figure 1o shows the conventional technology! ! 'This shows a closed mechanical shield tunnel excavator, in which the face and the inside of the mine are separated by a distance qa, and a cutter bit h for earth and sand cutting is used to cut earth and sand in front of the partition wall.
The cutter C is equipped with a cutter C, and the excavated soil is cultivated using a slurry using an advance/discharge pipe d or a screw conveyor.

However, with the conventional cutter C that is simply equipped with a cutter bit B for cutting earth and sand, it does not have a pile detection function, so even if there are obstacles such as piles, the operator cannot know in advance. Otherwise, the cutter bit b may hit the stake. If the cutter bit b hits the pile, the result will be: - breakage of the cutter bit; - inability to rotate the cutter; and - damage to the above-ground structure due to the pressing of the foundation pile, and it will take a lot of time and money to restore these.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As mentioned above, in conventional closed shield excavators that do not have an obstacle detection function, it is inevitable that the cutter bit for cutting earth and sand hits pJ′Il objects such as piles. Therefore, there was a problem that the cutter bit was damaged.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to detect obstacles before they hit the power vine bit for earth and sand cutting, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems. An object of the present invention is to provide an obstacle detection IA device for a closed type shield excavator, which can prevent a cutter bit '1')ic for earth and sand cutting caused by harmful objects.

[Means for Solving the Problems 1 The II harmful object detection device for a closed type shield excavator of the present invention is as follows:
The obstacle detection bit, which can withstand the cutting force of earth and sand, but falls off when it hits an obstacle such as a pile, is supported on the front of the cutter so that it protrudes beyond the earth and sand cutting cutter bit. A fluid pressure supply system is installed on the back of the bit that releases fluid pressure when the obstacle detection bit falls off.
This fluid pressure supply system is constructed by attaching a pressure detection means for detecting fluid pressure.

[Function] When excavating, the obstacle detection pit cuts the earth and sand together with the earth and sand cutting cutter bit, but since it is supported so as to protrude beyond the earth and sand cutter bit, if there is an obstacle, it will be detected by the earth and sand cutter bit. The obstacle detection bit hits the obstacle first. Then, the obstacle detection bit that has received the load falls off from the front face of the cutter, and the fluid pressure trapped in the fluid pressure supply system is released by this obstacle detection bit. This release of fluid pressure reduces the pressure within the fluid pressure supply system.

This reduced pressure is detected by pressure sensing means attached to the fluid pressure supply system.

[Example] An example of the present invention will be described below based on FIGS. 1 to 9.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an obstacle detection device for a closed type shield excavator according to the present invention.

1 is a fi leap type V1 machine excavation shield excavation, and a cutter 5 is installed on the front side of a bulkhead 2 via a shaft 4 rotated by a cutter motor 3. In addition to the earth and sand cutting cutter bit 6 normally attached to this cutter 5, an obstacle detection bit 10 for detecting obstacles such as foundation piles 8 of the upper structure 7 is attached. A hydraulic pipe 11 for supplying fluid pressure, for example, hydraulic pressure, is connected to the obstacle detection bit 10, and this hydraulic pipe 11 extends from inside the cutter 5 through the shaft 4 and the rotary joint 12 into the machine. and connected to a hydraulic pump 13 inside the machine. A pressure gauge 14 is attached to the extended hydraulic piping 11, so that increases and decreases in hydraulic pressure can be detected. In the figure, 15 is a shield jack, and 16 is a segment.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, four of the above-mentioned obstacle detection bits 10 are attached to the cutter face plate 17 on the front surface of the cutter at 90° intervals and at different distances from the center of the cutter. The reason for the difference in distance from the cutter center point is
In order to avoid overlooking obstacles, the arrangement and number of obstacle detection bits 10 are arbitrarily determined for each construction project.

In addition, 18 is a cutter spoke, and 1 is an earth and sand intake port.

In addition, the bit height of the obstacle detection bit 10 from the cutter face plate 17 is adjusted as shown in FIG. , is higher than the pit height of the earth and sand cutting cutter pit 1-6 attached to the cutter spoke 18. The pit height H of this obstacle detection bit 10 may be determined for each construction work, and especially when a plurality of bits are installed, the height of each bit may be changed little by little.

Here, the obstacle detection bit and its mounting structure will be described in detail using FIGS. 4 and 5.

The obstacle detection pin 1-10 is attached to a mounting seat 20 welded to the front surface of the cutter face plate 17 by a shear pin 21. Fit the lower part of the pJ harmful object detection bit 10, which has tips 22 for earth and sand cutting on both sides of the top, into the recess 23 provided on the upper part of the mounting seat 20, and then remove the fitted bit lower part and the upper part of the mounting seat. Align the insertion holes 24 provided in the and insert the shearing bottle 21 into the insertion holes 24, and insert the shearing bottle 21 from both insertion holes on the mounting seat side.
A nut 25 for preventing bottle handling is screwed in.

By the way, the shear bin 21 can sufficiently withstand the load when the obstacle detection bit 10 receives the load during normal earth and sand cutting, but when it receives the load of an obstacle with resistance to 8 bins, it cannot shear. It is set to the intensity that you want. Note that the shear pin may be a bolt.

In addition, at the bottom of the mounting seat 20, there is a recess 2 at the top of the mounting seat.
3 and the back side, an insertion hole 28 into which a pressure holding valve 27 (described later) is inserted is formed on the recess side, and a hose threading port 29 is formed on the back side. A hydraulic hose 30 as hydraulic piping 11 introduced from a hole drilled in the cutter face plate 17 at the bottom of the mounting seat is connected to this hose screw inlet 29, and a check valve 31 is installed in the middle of the hose to prevent backflow to the hydraulic pump side. is interposed.

A pressure holding valve 27 with a sealing material 32 such as an O-ring attached to the outer periphery is inserted into the insertion hole 28 at the end of the oil hole 26, and the surface facing the recess 123 is fitted into the recess 23 for detecting an obstacle. It is held down by the lower end 10a of the bit 10.

Therefore, even if hydraulic pressure is applied to the hydraulic hose 3o and the oil hole 26, the pressure holding valve 27 will not be pushed out because it is pressed by the lower end of the bit. The pressurized state is maintained inside.

Now, the operation of the above configuration will be explained.

After hydraulic pressure is supplied into the hydraulic pipe 11 by the hydraulic pump 13 to raise the pressure inside the pipe, shield excavation is started.

When the pile 8 is not present, the obstacle detection bit 10 cuts the ground by rotating the cutter 5 in the same way as a normal cutter bit 6 for cutting earth and sand. Obstacle detection bit 10 at this time
The cutting load of t) is applied by JII7i pin 21.

In the case of a knife with stakes 8, the obstacle detection bits 10 are higher than the ordinary cutter bit 6 for earth and sand cutting, and are installed at appropriate places on the front of the cutter. The cutter bit hits the resistor 8 earlier than the cutter bit 6. When the detection bit 10 hits the stake 8, the cutter torque concentrates on the detection bit 1o, causing the shear pin 21 to break and the detection bit 10 to fall off the mounting seat 20.

Therefore, the pressure retaining valve 27 is no longer held in the insertion hole 28 of the oil hole 26, and the pressure retention valve 27 is pushed out by the hydraulic pressure, and the oil in the oil hole 26 is released into the insertion hole 28.
It leaks into the ground and the hydraulic pressure is released, as shown in Figure 6. Therefore, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pipe 11, which had been in an increased pressure state, is significantly reduced, but this pressure reduction is detected by the pressure gauge 14.

As a result, it can be seen that the pile 8 hit when this pressure reduction occurred. In addition, the check valve 31 installed in the hydraulic hose is such that when the pressure holding valve 27 is set to the center, the face earth and sand water flows into the hydraulic pump 13.
Prevent backflow to the side.

After detecting the pile 8 with the obstacle detection bit 10 in this way, the operator can either go out into the tunnel using the cutter and remove the pile 8 by improving the ground, or the operator can reduce the excavation speed to a very slow speed. Then, take measures such as cutting to avoid placing a large load on the earth and sand cutting cutter bit 6.

Also, when entering the cutter 5, the mounting seat 2o remains on the cutter face plate 17, so by replacing the removed obstacle detection bit 10, pressure holding valve 27, and shear pin 21 with new ones, When re-excavating a road, it is possible to detect N consecutive obstacles in the same way.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the pile hits the obstacle detection bit before hitting the usual cutter bit for earth and sand cutting, so the operator can know just before the pile appears.

Since the appearance of piles can be detected, excavation can be stopped and pile removal work can be carried out in advance. Therefore, the cutter bit for cutting earth and sand will not be damaged, and the foundation pile will not be subjected to an unreasonable load due to the thrust of the excavator, so there will be no influence on structures, etc. Furthermore, since the presence of piles is known in advance, the excavation speed can be extremely slowed down, and depending on the situation, the piles can be cut little by little with a cutter bit for earth and sand without being removed.

Also, unlike electrical means, I! detects obstacles using mechanical means and supplies hydraulic pressure to a detection bit that falls off when the means receives a predetermined load. Since it is a simple mechanism, there is no misjudgment associated with electrical means, and the presence or absence of piles can be determined reliably, and the device cost is low.

Furthermore, what is lost when the obstacle detection bit falls off is the bit, the pressure holding valve, and the shear pin, and the mounting seat still remains, so the mounting seat can be reused and only a partial replacement of the lost item is required. You can get away with it.

7, 8, and 9 show modified examples of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5. The difference from FIG. 5 is that in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. Instead of being directly welded to the cutter face plate 17, the bolts 41 are indirectly tightened through a spacer 40 welded to the cutter face plate 17, and each mounting seat can be attached and detached using the bolt 41. Note that 42 is a seal. In addition, in the case of the one shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the pressure holding valve 2
7 into the mounting seat 20 directly, it is inserted indirectly into the mounting seat 20 through the pressure holding valve outer cylinder f551 which is fastened with bolts 50, so that the pressure holding valve outer cylinder 51 can be attached to and removed from the mounting seat 20. This is the point I made.

This was done because the obstacle detection bit hit the stake.
This is to prevent oil from leaking and rendering the device useless if only the mounting seat 20 remains and dirt enters the oil hole 26 and damages the hole surface when the pressure holding valve 27 is inserted again and used again. be. Therefore, by completely replacing the mounting seat 2° in the case shown in FIG. 7, and by replacing only the pressure holding valve outer cylinder 51 in the cases shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the present device can be advantageously utilized effectively.

[Effects of the Invention] In summary, according to the present invention, the fluid pressure released when the obstacle detection bit that protrudes from the cutter bit for cutting earth and sand falls off is detected by the pressure detection means, so that the earth and sand cutting The existence of an obstacle can be detected from the reduced fluid pressure before the cutting cutter bit hits the pit, which has the excellent effect of preventing damage to the cutter bit for earth and sand cutting. Demonstrate.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows obstacle detection 1 of a sealed shield tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention! Figure 2 is a front view of the cutter shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 is a partially exploded view of the cutter showing the relationship between the cutter bit for earth and sand cutting and the obstacle detection bit, and Figure 4. is a sectional view showing an example of the mounting structure of the obstacle detection bit, FIG. 5 is a new view taken from the V arrow in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the mounting part where the obstacle detection bit has fallen off. FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a modification of the mounting structure of the obstacle detection pit;
Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing another modification, and Fig. 9 is a sectional view of another modification.
FIG. 10, an enlarged view of part A in the figure, is a cross-sectional structural diagram showing a conventional closed type shield tunneling machine. In the figure, 1 is a sealed mechanical shield excavator, 5 is a cutter, 6 is a cutter bit for earth and sand cutting, 8 is a foundation pile as an obstacle, 10 is a bit for obstacle detection, and 11 is a fluid pressure supply system. Hydraulic piping, 13 is a hydraulic pump, and 14 is a pressure gauge as pressure detection means. Patent applicant: Ishikawajima III Maju Kogyo Co., Ltd. Representative patent attorney: Nobuo Kinutani Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] An obstacle detection bit that can resist the earth and sand cutting force but falls off when it hits an obstacle is supported on the front of the cutter so as to protrude beyond the earth and sand cutting cutter bit, and an obstacle detection bit that can withstand the earth and sand cutting force but falls off when it hits an obstacle is supported on the front of the cutter so as to protrude beyond the earth and sand cutting cutter bit, and the obstacle detection bit is supported on the back side of the obstacle detection bit. A seal characterized in that a fluid pressure supply system that releases fluid pressure when the obstacle detection bit falls off is connected to the fluid pressure supply system, and a pressure detection means for detecting the fluid pressure is attached to the fluid pressure supply system. Obstacle detection device for type shield tunneling machine.