JP2001159288A - Vertical shaft excavating device and vertical shaft excavating method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vertical shaft excavating device and a vertical shaft excavating method capable of simplifying the excavating work of a vertical shaft. SOLUTION: An earth auger 5 is provided in a cylindrical casing 3 and excavates the ground 4 while being rotated. The casing 3 is thrust into the ground together with the earth auger 5. The soil excavated by the earth auger 5 is conveyed above the vertical shaft 9 by the rotation of the blades of the earth auger 5, is sucked by a sucking machine 7, and is discharged to the outside of the vertical shaft 9. When the earth auger 5 excavates the vertical shaft 9 of the prescribed depth, the casing 3 is installed in the vertical shaft 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shaft excavation apparatus for excavating a shaft for exploring a buried object when performing plumbing work for gas, water, electricity or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when performing gas works, water works, electric works, etc., referring to a piping diagram of each lifeline, estimating a buried position of an existing pipe, and further locating another buried object by a security excavation or the like. I checked it. Recently, an exploration shaft was dug in the ground, and a radar device was raised and lowered inside the shaft,
It has been considered that underground pipes and other buried objects are detected by transmitting and receiving radio waves.

[0003]

When digging such a shaft for radar exploration, it is necessary to provide a mountain retaining device so that the soil at the root cutting portion does not collapse during excavation. Further, it is necessary to install a casing or the like inside the shaft to protect the radar device. However, there is a gap between the casing and the inner wall surface of the shaft, and there is a problem that the detection sensitivity of the exploration using the radar decreases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to simplify the work of excavating a shaft by omitting treatments such as mountain retaining, and to detect the buried object. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shaft excavation apparatus and a shaft excavation method that can increase the height.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shaft excavator for constructing a shaft, wherein the shaft is excavated in the ground, and the shaft is excavated by the excavator. As the casing is pushed into the ground, and a discharging device for discharging the soil excavated by the excavating device,
It is a shaft excavation apparatus characterized by comprising:

A second aspect of the present invention is a shaft excavation apparatus for constructing a shaft, comprising a casing, an excavation apparatus, and a suction apparatus. And an excavated soil excavated by the excavating device is suctioned by the suction device and discharged to the outside of the shaft.

A third aspect of the present invention is a shaft excavation apparatus for constructing a shaft, comprising a casing, a loosening jig having a drilling head at a tip, and a suction device, and the underground is provided by the loosening jig. A shaft excavator wherein the casing is pushed into the ground while excavating, and the excavated soil is discharged outside the pit by the suction device.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is a shaft excavating apparatus for constructing a shaft, comprising a casing, a water jet excavating apparatus, and a suction apparatus for sucking and discharging excavated soil, wherein the water jet excavating apparatus is provided. While excavating the ground by squirting water at the above, the casing is pushed into the ground, the excavated soil excavated by the water jet excavator is suctioned by the suction device, and discharged to the outside of the pit. A shaft excavator.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is a shaft excavation apparatus for constructing a shaft, comprising a casing and an air hammer, wherein the casing is pushed into the ground while excavating the ground with the air hammer. A shaft excavation device characterized by the following.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is a shaft excavation method for constructing a shaft, in which a casing is pushed into the ground while excavating underground by an excavator, and excavated soil excavated by the excavator by a suction device. A shaft excavation method, wherein the shaft is sucked and discharged outside the mine.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is a shaft excavation method for constructing a shaft, in which a casing is pushed into the ground while excavating the ground with a loosening jig, and soil excavated by a suction device is discharged outside the shaft. And a shaft excavation method.

An eighth aspect of the present invention is a shaft excavation method for constructing a shaft, in which a casing is pushed into the ground while water is ejected by a water jet excavator to excavate underground, and the water jet is excavated by a suction device. A vertical shaft excavation method characterized by sucking excavated soil excavated by an excavator and discharging the excavated soil outside the pit.

The ninth invention is a shaft excavation method for constructing a shaft, wherein the casing is pushed into the ground while excavating the ground with an air hammer.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shaft excavation apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, a description will be given of an example of excavation of a shaft for performing a buried object search using a radar. This shaft is for raising and lowering the radar device inside, and has a relatively small diameter. As shown in FIG. 1, the shaft excavator 1 includes a casing 3, an earth auger 5, a suction machine 7, and the like.

The earth auger 5 is provided inside the cylindrical casing 3 and advances underground while rotating to excavate the ground 4. At this time, the casing 3 is pushed into the ground together with the earth auger 5. The diameter of the casing 3 is, for example, 10
cm.

Here, the casing 3 and the earth auger 5 may be integrated or may be separate.
In the case of a separate body, the casing 3 is pushed into the ground 4 by human power or other driving means while excavating with the earth auger 5.
The earth excavated by Earth Auger 5 is Earth Auger 5
Is carried to the upper part of the shaft 9 by the rotation of the blade, and is sucked by the suction machine 7 and discharged to the outside of the shaft.

In the conventional excavation work, since the soil on the wall surface collapses during the excavation at the beginning of the excavation or during excavation, it is necessary to perform a process such as a mountain retaining to prevent the collapse. However, according to the present embodiment, the casing 3 is installed inside the shaft 9 at the same time as the excavation of the earth auger 5, and work such as mountain retaining is not required to prevent the soil from collapsing and falling.

When the earth auger 5 finishes digging to a predetermined depth in this way, the casing 3 is installed in the shaft 9 and the earth auger 5 is taken out. FIG. 2 is a view of the shaft 9 as viewed from above. As shown in FIG. 2, the casing 3 is installed in close contact with the inner wall of the shaft 9. For this reason, for example, even when a radar detection device is installed in the shaft 9 to transmit and receive radio waves, there is no gap, so that the radio waves are less attenuated, and the detection sensitivity of the radar for burying objects is increased.

Next, a second embodiment will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a shaft excavator 21 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The shaft excavator 21 includes a casing 23, a loosening jig 25, a suction machine 27, a suction tube 27, and the like.

FIG. 4 is a view showing the excavating head 34 of the loosening jig 25. Bit 33 is provided on the excavation surface of the excavation head 34.
The bit 33 is used to loosen the soil in the shaft. The excavation head 34 is provided with an earth discharging hole 35.

A pipe 38 is provided in a shaft 36 of the unraveling jig 25, and water is supplied from the outside to the excavating head 34 via the pipe 38, and the excavating head 3
Water is discharged from the front of the fourth.

The loosening jig 25 provided inside the cylindrical casing 3 loosens the soil while rotating, and excavates the shaft 9. At this time, the casing 3 is pushed into the ground together with the loosening jig 25.

The muddy soil loosened by the bit 33 is discharged from the discharging hole 35 to the upper part of the excavating head 34,
The gas is sucked by the suction tube 29 through the suction tube 7 and discharged outside the shaft.

When the loosening jig 25 has finished digging to a predetermined depth in this way, the casing 23 is placed in the shaft 31 and the loosening jig 25 is taken out. Casing 2
3 is installed in close contact with the inner surface of the shaft 31.

In this way, as in the first embodiment, the effect of eliminating the work such as retaining the mountain and increasing the detection sensitivity of underground exploration can be obtained. The water injected into the shaft may be supplied from a hose or the like that is separate from the loosening jig 25 without passing through the pipe 38.

Next, a third embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a shaft excavator 41 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The shaft excavator 41 includes a casing 43, a water jet excavator 45, a suction machine 47, a suction tube 49, and the like.

The water jet excavator 45 is an excavator for digging soil by injecting water. The water jet excavator 45 is provided inside the cylindrical casing 43 and excavates underground with the force of water while accommodating the casing 43. The muddy excavated soil is sucked by the suction machine 47 through the suction tube 49 and discharged to the outside of the shaft.

When the water jet excavator 45 finishes digging a predetermined depth in this way, the casing 43 is installed in the shaft 51 and the water jet excavator 45 is taken out. The casing 43 is installed in close contact with the inner surface of the shaft 51. In this manner, similar to the first embodiment, an effect of eliminating the work such as retaining the mountain and increasing the detection sensitivity of the underground exploration can be obtained.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a shaft excavator 61 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The shaft excavator 61
It is composed of a casing 63, an air hammer 65 and the like.

The air hammer 65 is provided inside the cylindrical casing 63, compresses the soil with the force of compressed air, and excavates the ground without discharging the soil. FIG. 7 is a view showing a schematic structure of the air hammer 65. High-pressure air is supplied to the cylinder 101 to operate the piston 103, and the bit 105 at the tip performs a hammer operation to excavate the ground without consolidation by discharging.

In this way, as the air hammer 65 digs into the ground, the casing 63 is also pushed into the ground and is installed in the shaft.

In this way, since the casing 63 is installed simultaneously with the excavation of the shaft, there is no need for work such as retaining a mountain.
Further, since the casing 63 is in close contact with the inner surface of the shaft 67, the detection sensitivity of underground exploration and the like performed by installing a transmitter and a receiver in the shaft 67 and transmitting and receiving radio waves is increased.

In this embodiment, unlike the first to third embodiments, no excavated soil is discharged. In the first to fourth embodiments, the shape of the casing to be installed is not limited to a cylindrical shape, but may be a polygonal column shape.

Next, the process of backfilling the shaft after the exploration using the shaft has been described. The shaft must be backfilled after the exploration, but if the restoration cannot be performed immediately after the exploration, it will be backfilled by the temporary restoration process.

First, an operation of cutting out a core to be reused in the backfilling process will be described. Here, a case where a shaft is excavated on an asphalt road surface is taken as an example. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the lifting machine, and FIG. 9 is a side view of the lifting machine.

When excavating a shaft on an asphalt road,
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, asphalt suitable for the cross section size of the shaft is cut from the asphalt 70 on the road surface.
This is called a cut core 71. Before lifting the cutting core 71, a marking 73 is applied. The marking 73 is used to determine the position of the cut core 71 when returning the cut core 71.

The cutting core 71 is lifted and fixed by a lifting machine 75 and then lifted upward. Incidentally, the applicant has already applied for a patent relating to the work of lifting the cutting core 71 (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-21548).
The cut core 71 is set aside and reused during the backfill processing. After the cutting core 71 is lifted, a shaft is excavated according to the first to fourth embodiments.

After the exploration or the like using the shaft is completed, the shaft is backfilled. The backfill operation includes a temporary restoration process and a main restoration process. FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the shaft for explaining the temporary restoration process, and FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the shaft for explaining the main restoration process.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the temporary restoration process, the fluidized soil 83 is buried in the entire shaft 80. The fluidized soil 83 is a mixture of water, cement, and excavated soil discharged when excavating a shaft. After the fluidized soil is solidified, the cut core 71 is placed thereon and the asphalt 7
0 is sealed with a sealing material 85. The excavated soil discharged in the first to third embodiments as described above is stored and reused in the backfilling process. In the fourth embodiment, other excavated soil is reused, or bagged raw soil is used.

In the present restoration process shown in FIG. 11, after the fluidized soil 93 is buried in the shaft, quick-hardening concrete 95 is cast, the cut core 71 is placed, and the sealing material 97 is used for sealing. 12, 13, 14, and 15 are explanatory diagrams of the process of re-laying the cut core 71 in the main restoration process shown in FIG. 10.

FIG. 12 shows the asphalt 70 and the quick-setting concrete 95 whose core has been cut off. As shown in FIG. 13, the grout material 101 is placed on the quick-setting concrete 95.
Is injected. The grout material 101 is, for example, a mixture of cement and asphalt emulsion. Then, FIG.
As shown in (5), after the cutting core 71 is suspended by the lifting machine 75 and the grout material 101 is solidified, the cutting core 71 is installed so that there is no step with the existing asphalt 70.

Finally, a sealing material 97 shown in FIG. 11D is cut out and injected so that a step is not formed between the core 71 and the existing asphalt 70, and sealing is performed. The above is the process of re-laying the cut core 71 in the main restoration process.

[0043]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the excavation work of the shaft can be simplified, and the detection sensitivity of the search for the underground buried object using the radar device or the like can be increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shaft excavation apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a shaft and a casing.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shaft excavation apparatus 21 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a drilling head 34.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shaft excavation device 41 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shaft excavator 61 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an air hammer 65;

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the lifting machine 75.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the lifting machine 75.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a shaft for explaining a temporary restoration process of the shaft.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a shaft for explaining the main shaft restoration process.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a process of re-laying the cut core 71 in the main restoration process.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a process of re-laying the cut core 71 in the main restoration process.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a process of re-laying the cut core 71 in the main restoration process.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a process of re-laying the cut core 71 in the main restoration process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 21, 41, 61… shaft digging device 3, 23, 43, 63… casing 5… earth auger 7… suction machine 25… unraveling jig 45… water jet digging Machine 65 Air hammer 71 Cutting core

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A shaft excavator for constructing a shaft, comprising: an excavator for excavating underground; a casing pushed into the ground as excavated by the excavator; and soil excavated by the excavator. A shaft digging device, comprising: a discharging device for discharging. 2. A shaft excavating apparatus for constructing a shaft, comprising: a casing; an excavating apparatus; and a suction apparatus; while excavating the ground by the excavating apparatus, pushing the casing into the ground; A shaft excavation device, wherein the suction device sucks excavated soil excavated by the excavation device and discharges the excavated soil outside the pit. 3. The shaft excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavator is an earth auger. 4. A shaft excavation device for constructing a shaft, comprising: a casing; a loosening jig having a drilling head at a tip; and a suction device, wherein the underground is excavated by the loosening jig. A shaft excavation device, wherein the casing is pushed into the ground, and the excavated soil is discharged outside the pit by the suction device. 5. The shaft excavator according to claim 4, wherein water is injected into a portion to be excavated. 6. The drilling head is substantially disk-shaped,
5. The shaft excavation apparatus according to claim 4, comprising a bit for excavation and a hole for earth removal. 7. A shaft digging device for constructing a shaft, comprising: a casing; a water jet digging device; and a suction device for sucking and discharging excavated soil, wherein water is jetted by the water jet digging device. A vertical shaft excavator, wherein the casing is pushed into the ground while excavating underground, and the excavated soil excavated by the excavator is sucked by the suction device and discharged to the outside of the shaft. 8. A shaft excavator for constructing a shaft, comprising: a casing; and an air hammer, wherein the casing is pushed into the ground while excavating the ground with the air hammer. Shaft excavation equipment. 9. A shaft excavation method for constructing a shaft, comprising: pushing a casing into the ground while excavating the ground with an excavator; sucking excavated soil excavated by the excavator with a suction device; A shaft excavation method characterized by discharging to the outside. 10. The shaft excavation method according to claim 9, wherein the excavator is an earth auger. 11. A shaft excavation method for constructing a shaft, wherein the casing is pushed into the ground while excavating the ground with a loosening jig, and the soil excavated by the suction device is discharged outside the shaft. Shaft excavation method. 12. The shaft excavation method according to claim 11, wherein water is injected into a portion to be excavated. 13. A shaft excavation method for constructing a shaft, comprising extruding water by a water jet excavator to excavate the ground, pushing a casing into the ground, and excavating by a suction device by the excavator. A shaft excavation method comprising sucking excavated soil and discharging the excavated soil. 14. A shaft excavation method for constructing a shaft, wherein the casing is pushed into the ground while excavating the ground with an air hammer.