JPS62257979A - 発熱性組成物 - Google Patents

発熱性組成物

Info

Publication number
JPS62257979A
JPS62257979A JP62099620A JP9962087A JPS62257979A JP S62257979 A JPS62257979 A JP S62257979A JP 62099620 A JP62099620 A JP 62099620A JP 9962087 A JP9962087 A JP 9962087A JP S62257979 A JPS62257979 A JP S62257979A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
exothermic composition
composition according
fluorine
exothermic
fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP62099620A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPH0811271B2 (ja
Inventor
マツクス・ゲルハルド・ニユ
ミカエル・ジヨン・ゴウグ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Foseco International Ltd
Original Assignee
Foseco International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foseco International Ltd filed Critical Foseco International Ltd
Publication of JPS62257979A publication Critical patent/JPS62257979A/ja
Publication of JPH0811271B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0811271B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
    • B22C1/04—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for protection of the casting, e.g. against decarbonisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
    • B22D27/06—Heating the top discard of ingots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
    • B22D7/10—Hot tops therefor
    • B22D7/104—Hot tops therefor from exothermic material only
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    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
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    • C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
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    • C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 この発明は、発熱性組成物、とくに溶融金属の鋳造に用
いられる発熱性組成物に関するものである。
溶融金属が鋳型内に注入されて凝固するときには、溶融
金属は凝固の間に収縮し、その体積が減少する。この収
縮を補ない完全な鋳物を確実に作るためには、鋳物の上
方又は側方に付設されるいわゆる押湯の使用が一般に必
要となる。鋳物が凝固し収縮するときには、溶融金属が
押湯から鋳物へ供給されて、収縮による空洞の生成を防
ぐ。押湯効果を増強し、押湯体積を最も小さくすること
を可能にするために、発熱性又は発熱性で断熱性の組成
物で押湯空所従って押湯そのものを包囲し、発熱性組成
物ができるだけ長い時間押湯金属を溶融状態に保持する
ことが、一般の慣行である。
また、同じ理由によって、インゴット例えばスチールイ
ンゴットの鋳造の場合に、インゴット鋳型の頂部又はイ
ンゴット鋳型に付設されたヘッドボックスを、発熱性組
成物又は発熱性で断熱性組成物で内張すすることが、一
般の慣行である。
これら２つの用途において、発熱性組成物又は発熱性で
断熱性組成物は、鋳造工場における鋳型の押湯を内張す
するためには円筒状スリーブ状に成形し、インゴット鋳
型の頂部又はヘッドボックスを内張すするために板状に
成形して、使用されるのが普通である。
発熱性組成物又は発熱性で断熱性組成物は、また板に成
形されて、又は例えば（パイプ発生防止用化合物として
知られた）粉末又は粒子のような粒子の形として、鋳造
用鋳型又はインゴット鋳型又バインゴツト鋳型のヘッド
ボックス内の溶融金属表面を覆うのに用いられる。
上述した用途に用いられる発熱性組成物は、容易に酸化
する金属、通常アルミニウムと、それに対する酸化剤例
えば酸化鉄、ｒｌ［ソーダ、又は二酸化マンガンとで実
質的に構成されるのが普通である。その組成物は、粒子
状の耐火性充填材を含み、さらに成形体として用いられ
るときには結合剤を含むのが普通である。断熱性である
とともに発熱性でなければならない成形体は、繊維状材
料及び／又は軽量の粒子状耐火材を含むのが普通である
。
発熱性組成物の感度を向上させるために、すなわち組成
物を燃焼させるような温度にしてから、組成物が実際に
燃焼するに至るまでの時間的おくれを減少させるために
、数年前に組成物に成る割合の無機質の弗化物塩を含ま
せることが提案された。この目的で用いることのできる
無機質の弗化物塩の例は、弗化ソーダ、弗化カリウム、
弗化リチウム、又は弗化マグネシウムのような単一弗化
物と、珪弗化ナトリウム（ソジウムフルオロシリケート
）１、珪弗化カリウム、弗化アルミニウムナトリウム（
ソジウムアルミニウムフルオライド）又は弗化アルミニ
ウムナトリウムのような複合弗化物を含んでいる。無機
の弗化物塩を含んでいる発熱性組成物は、英国特許第６
２７６７８号、第７７４４９１号、第８８９４８４号及
び第９８９５４１号明細書に記載されている。
弗化物塩が存在しなければならないことは一般に認めら
れて来たけれども、環境的考慮からは弗化物塩の存在は
望ましくないことである。従って、満足な感度にふされ
しいできるだけ低い値に組成物中の弗素含有量を保持す
ることが望ましい。
そのような発熱性組成物中の無機弗化物塩に比べると、
弗素含有有機化合物は少ない含有量で有利に用い得るこ
とがわかった。
従って、この発明によると、粒子状の酸化されやすい金
属と、弗素含有有機化合物とを含んでいる発熱性組成物
が提供される。
酸化されやすい金属は、例えばアルミニウム、マグネシ
ウム、又は珪素、又はこれらの金属の１種又は２種以上
のものが大部分を占める合金であってもよい。アルミニ
ウム又はアルミニウム合金が好ましい。
弗素含有有機化合物は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン又
はポリヘキサフルオロプロピレンのような弗素樹脂であ
っても、またポリクロロフルオロエチレンのような弗素
と塩素とを含んだ重合体であっても、又はポリ弗化ビニ
ルであってもよい。
粒子状のポリテトラフルオロエチレンが望ましい。ポリ
テトラフルオロエチレンは、例えばその純粋な化合物の
粒子として、又はガラス繊維又は炭素繊維のような材料
を含んだポリテトラフルオロエチレン粒子として用いる
ことができる。
組成物に用いられる弗素含有有機化合物の量は、０．０
５から１０．０重量％までが普通であり、０．１から６
．０重量％までがさらに普通である。
酸化しやすい金属と反応して熱を発生するに必要な酸素
源として、大気中の酸素に頼る発熱性組成物を作ること
は可能であるが、その組成物はまた金属に対する酸化剤
を含むのが普通である。
酸化剤が使用されるときには、酸化剤は例えば酸化鉄、
二酸化マンガン、硝酸す）　ＩＪウム、＆ｌ酸カリウム
、＆４素酸ナトリウム、又は塩素酸カリウムである。必
要ならば、２種又はそれ以上の酸化剤を一緒に用いるこ
とができる。
組成物は、それが成形体として用いられるか又は粒子状
で用いられるかにより、また組成物が発熱特性とともに
断熱性を持つことが望ましいかどうかにより、１種又は
２種以上の他の成分を含むのが普通である。
発熱性組成物がスリーブ又は板のような成形体の形で使
用されるべき場合には、組成物はまた１種又は２種以上
の結合剤を含むことになる。適当な結合剤の例は、フェ
ノールホルムアルデヒド樹脂、尿素ホルムアルデヒド耐
脂、アラビアゴムのようなゴム、サル７アイトライ（ｓ
ｕ／ｐｈｉｔｅ　ｆｆｙｅ）、澱粉、又はコロイド状シ
リカゾルから得られたコロイド状シリカを含んでいる。
粒子の形で使用すべき組成物と、成形体として使用すべ
き組成物とは、珪砂、アルミナ又はアルミノ珪酸塩、例
えばグログ又はシャモットのような粒子状耐火材を含む
ことができる。
発熱反応の終了後に、組成物の断熱性を向上させるため
に、粒子状耐火材の一部は約０．５ｙ／ｃ！ｌ以下の比
重を持った軽量材料、例えばパーライト、珪藻土又は■
焼籾殻であってもよく、及び／又は組成物はアルミノ珪
酸塩繊維又は珪酸カルシウム繊維のような耐火性繊維及
び／又は有機質繊維を含むこともできる。
この発明に係る組成物は、重量で下記のものを含むのが
普通である。
酸化しやすい金属　　　　１０−３０％酸化剤　　　　
０−２０％ 弗素含有有機化合物　　　０．１−６％粒子状耐火材　
　　　　　　５−８０％耐火性繊維　　　　　　　　１
−５５％有機質繊維　　　　　　　　０−　８％結合剤
　　　　０−２５％ 重量対重量では、固体の弗素含有有機化合物は、発熱性
組成物の感度を向上させる点では、無機の弗化物塩より
も有効である。
先行技術の組成物がこの発明の組成物と比較されている
下記の実施例は、この発明の詳細な説明するためのもの
である。
酸化しやすい金属としてアルミニウム粉末とアルミニウ
ム箔粒子、酸化剤としての二酸化マンガン、粒子状アル
ミナ、アルミノ珪酸塩繊維及び紙、結合剤としてのフェ
ノールホルムアルデヒド樹脂及びコロイド状シリカゾル
から成る塩基性組成物により、１連の６個のスリーブが
作られた。そのスリーブのうち４個は無機の弗化物塩を
含み、２個はポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含んでいた
。
各スリーブの発熱性組成物の感度は、スリーブを成る板
上に置いて１４００°Ｃに加熱し、燃焼が始まるに必要
な時間を測定して決定された。
使用された弗素含有化合物の実体と量、並びに得られた
結果をまとめると、以下のとおりである。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 １、酸化しやすい金属と、必要に応じてその金属に対す
    る１種又は２種以上の酸化剤と、結合剤と、粒子状耐火
    材と、耐火性繊維と有機繊維とを含んだ発熱性組成物で
    あって、弗素含有有機化合物を含んでいることを特徴と
    する、発熱性組成物。 ２、弗素含有有機化合物が、ポリテトラフルオロエチレ
    ン、ポリヘキサフルオロプロピレン、ポリクロロフルオ
    ロエチレン、又はポリ弗化ビニルであることを特徴とす
    る、特許請求の範囲第１項に記載する発熱性組成物。 ３、組成物が０．０５−１０．０重量％の弗素含有有機
    化合物を含んでいることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲
    第１項又は第２項に記載する発熱性組成物。 ４、酸化しやすい金属がアルミニウム、マグネシウム又
    は珪素であることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１−
    ３項の何れかの項に記載する発熱性組成物。 ５、酸化しやすい金属が大量のアルミニウム、マグネシ
    ウム、又は珪素を含んだ合金であることを特徴とする、
    特許請求の範囲第１−３項の何れかの項に記載する発熱
    性組成物。 ６、酸化剤が、酸化鉄、二酸化マンガン、硝酸ナトリウ
    ム、硝酸カリウム、塩素酸ナトリウム又は塩素酸カリウ
    ムの１種又は２種以上のものであることを特徴とする、
    特許請求の範囲第１−５項の何れかの項に記載する発熱
    性組成物。 ７、結合剤が、フェノールホルムアルデヒド樹脂、尿素
    ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、アラビアゴム、サルファイトラ
    イ、澱粉又はコロイド状シリカゲルから得られたコロイ
    ド状シリカの１種又は２種以上のものであることを特徴
    とする、特許請求の範囲第１−６項の何れかの項に記載
    する発熱性組成物。 ８、粒子状耐火材が珪砂、アルミナ又はアルミノ珪酸塩
    であることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１−７項の
    何れかの項に記載する発熱性組成物。 ９、粒子状耐火材の少なくとも１部が約０．５ｇ／ｃｍ
    ＾３以下の密度を持った軽量材料であることを特徴とす
    る、特許請求の範囲第１−７項の何れかの項に記載する
    発熱性組成物。 １０、軽量材料がパーライト、珪藻土又は■焼籾殻であ
    ることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第９項に記載する
    発熱性組成物。 １１、耐火性繊維がアルミノ珪酸塩繊維又は珪酸カルシ
    ウム繊維であることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１
    −１０項の何れかの項に記載する発熱性組成物。 １２、有機質繊維が紙であることを特徴とする、特許請
    求の範囲第１−１１項の何れかの項に記載する発熱性組
    成物。 １８、重量で、 酸化しやすい金属　　１０−３０％ 酸化剤　　　　　　　０−２０％ 弗素含有有機化合物　０．１−６％ 粒子状耐火材　　　　５−８０％ 耐火性繊維　　　　　１−５５％ 有機質繊維　　　　　０−８％ 結合剤　　　　　　　０−２５％ を含んでいることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第３項
    に記載する発熱性組成物。
JP9962087A 1986-05-01 1987-04-22 発熱性組成物 Expired - Lifetime JPH0811271B2 (ja)

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GB868610739A GB8610739D0 (en) 1986-05-01 1986-05-01 Exothermic compositions
GB8610739 1986-05-01

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JPH0811271B2 JPH0811271B2 (ja) 1996-02-07

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CA (1) CA1286085C (ja)
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BR8702132A (pt) 1988-02-09
KR960002742B1 (ko) 1996-02-26
MX168228B (es) 1993-05-13
CA1286085C (en) 1991-07-16
AU7222387A (en) 1987-11-05
EP0244133A3 (en) 1988-02-24
PT84776A (en) 1987-05-01
KR870011224A (ko) 1987-12-21
ES2016353B3 (es) 1990-11-01
GB8610739D0 (en) 1986-06-04
EP0244133A2 (en) 1987-11-04
PH22746A (en) 1988-11-28
ATE54847T1 (de) 1990-08-15
EP0244133B1 (en) 1990-07-25
ZA872598B (en) 1987-11-25

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