JPS62241000A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention distributes encoded digital (ff) key press signals to one or more sound source circuits prepared, and generates a sound range corresponding to the key press signal. This invention relates to an electronic musical instrument for reading waveform information of A and processing it to obtain a musical sound waveform of a frequency corresponding to A.

In recent years, in sound source devices for electronic musical instruments, one period of a required musical sound waveform is stored in a waveform memory circuit in advance, and the waveform stored in the waveform memory circuit is converted into a sound source clock signal having a repetition period proportional to the scale frequency. A system has been proposed in which a musical sound waveform of each scale frequency is obtained by reading the sound.

According to this method, complex musical sound waveforms, especially natural musical instruments f
etc., the memory of the waveform memory circuit will become large. Furthermore, if the above-mentioned sound source device is constructed using the conventional one-key, one-engine generator method, the device itself becomes large and complicated. Therefore, in order to open up the former, the present applicant filed Japanese Patent Application No. 49-105861 and Japanese Patent Application No. 49-1399.
In No. 55, a new method was proposed. These methods use linear approximation to the required musical sound waveform, dividing one cycle into irregular intervals (4
9-105861) or equally spaced (49-139935
) and store the data of the waveform slope, amplitude change, and time information (49-105861) in each section. Therefore, the memory capacity can be significantly reduced, and the number of quantization steps can be increased with a small memory capacity, which has the advantage that quantization noise can also be reduced.

The above-mentioned patent application No. 105861/1973 and the patent application No. 1973
Although the sound source device disclosed in No. 139935 is advantageous in reproducing natural musical instrument sounds almost faithfully, in order to achieve the desire unique to electronic musical instruments to play multiple sounds simultaneously, the waveform memory circuit described above is required. It is necessary to provide a plurality of additional devices, which increases the size of the device.

Therefore, a new proposal was made in Japanese Patent Application No. 50-79673 filed by the present applicant. In other words, according to this method, one cycle of the required musical sound waveform is divided into a plurality of sections, information on the waveform slope and amplitude reduction in each divided section is stored in memory, and the information is read out in a time-division manner. Fortunately, waveforms of different frequencies can be obtained simultaneously based on one waveform forming information. In this way, multiple sounds can be generated simultaneously without increasing memory capacity.

Furthermore, the patent application No. 1989-960, which was also proposed by the present applicant.
A proposal was made to improve the key assigner system, which distributes key press and key release signals transmitted by digital signals encoded in accordance with No. 55 to the necessary sound source circuits.

Furthermore, in the case of natural musical instrument sounds, the frequency spectrum included in the musical sound waveform generated by the sound changes within the range, and there is a problem in that it is difficult to simply approximate this with a single musical sound waveform.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument equipped with a sound source device that can faithfully reproduce natural musical instrument sounds by taking into consideration the fact that the frequency spectrum of musical sound waveforms changes depending on the range.

In order to achieve the above object, the electronic musical instrument of the present invention has keys pressed and N
! A multi-channel key assigner that generates and temporarily stores key codes corresponding to keys, and a plurality of musical sound waveforms required for reading waveform information corresponding to the key needs, and waveform slope and amplitude changes within each divided section. An electronic musical instrument comprising a memory circuit that stores information of the key assigner, and a sound source device that reads out the information in the memory circuit in a time-divisional manner and simultaneously obtains waveforms of different frequencies based on one waveform information in a waveform forming circuit. Includes a waveform forming circuit for forming a musical sound waveform based on information from a plurality of memory circuits that store information on the slope and amplitude change of the waveform corresponding to each tone range in the same channel in a different number of words for each tone range. It is characterized by comprising a plurality of the sound source devices, and forming a collected sound waveform in the waveform forming circuit according to information from the plurality of memory circuits according to the sound range to which the pressed key tone name belongs, Since musical sound waves can be formed accordingly, it has the effect of further reproducing natural musical instrument sounds.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an electronic musical instrument having a two-channel key assigner to which the present invention is applied. In the figure, the cone signal of the keyboard 1 is divided into two channels by a plurality of, for example, two key assigners 21122 according to the pitch range. Key assigner 21.2! Yoshi's key information is indicated by the pitch name code 2 in 1x-s, the octave hood 12-1g, and the key name information on line L3-1. The last key name information is information indicating whether the key assigner has captured the key information. Among these, the clock from the octave code time division clock generator 17 operates the sequential pulse generator 18, and supplies the initial pulse TI to the gate circuit 51 via the line 17-1 to the octave code gate circuit. 3
1, and the octave pass line 18 is applied to the octave selection circuit 23.

The octave selection circuit 23 is constituted by a decoder circuit and operates a memory having a number of words corresponding to the range shown in the memory circuit 20, which will be described next.

In the memory circuit 20, one period of waveform data for each octave is prepared in the number of words corresponding to the octave. That is, the output from the sound source device 261 specifies the memory address of each tone range in which the number of words is changed as shown below. The number of bits of the supply line from the sound source device in this case is also shown.

Table 1 Next, the key assigner 21 gives the pitch name code 11-1 to the pitch name selection circuit 41, and the master oscillator 14 selects the pitch name clock corresponding to the pitch name code from among the clock frequencies. The mask oscillator 14 has a range of 61 in Table 1.
If keys 02 to C7 are used, a clock of mxnx (ct to C? scale frequency) is generated. Here, as shown in Table 1, the number of memory words corresponding to the highest frequency range (C7 to CG) is the number of memory words, and the outside is the following waveform forming circuit 51.
The waveform forming circuit 51 divides the frequency into n and supplies it to the address counter 61. This address counter 61 is 4×32 if m=4.
= Clock mX (C7
~C? Sikarant is performed according to the scale frequency). The output of the address counter 6L is applied to a gate circuit 91 to provide a time division clock Tl*Tx corresponding to each channel. The signal from the address counter 61 is time-divided by this time-division clock Tt and is given to the aforementioned memory circuit 20 through the address signal input line ls along with the signals of other channels.The output to the address counter 6 is branched and inputted. The synchronization pulse generation circuit 101 generates one pulse for each period of the address curran, RI6L, and supplies it to the synchronization circuit 24, which will be described later.
Reference numeral 9 stores a half cycle of a waveform in the memory circuit 20, and by repeatedly reading out the waveform data of this half cycle, it is possible to perform the same operation as when data of one cycle is stored.

In this manner, a memory address is designated according to the address counter 61. That is, since the number of words of the memory circuit shown in the first thorn corresponding to the number of bits supplied to the address bus line is specified in the octave selection circuit 23 according to the octave; A memory section with a number of words corresponding to T is read out using the time division clock T. This is sea address counter 61
As shown in the first diagram, the number of bits supplied from the lower octave increases sequentially, and the number of words of the memory to be read increases by 2 to the 7th power, so that octave division is performed sequentially.

The data read out in this period passes through the gate circuit 21 and is applied to the adder circuit 22 . In the gate circuit 21, when a certain cone is captured by the key assigner 21, the corresponding time-division lock Tl is transferred to the gate circuit 241 by the output signal from the synchronization circuit 242, and the gate circuit 21 The given data in the memory circuit 20 is turned on. The synchronization circuit 24 receives an on/off signal from the tone tablet 25 and gives a signal indicating whether or not the key assigner 21 has captured the key code to the synchronization pulse generation circuit 101. A synchronization signal of 16-1 is applied to the 2-in 16-1. This synchronization circuit 242
consists of D type, 7 lips and 70 tubes, line L
Clear is released by the signal from s-z, the tone tablet 250 control signal is applied to the D terminal, and the synchronization signal from line 1g-1 is applied to the clock terminal. ” is read and given to the gate circuit 24K, and the corresponding time division clock Ts is given to the gate circuit 21.

In the adder circuit 22, as shown in FIG. 2, the memory circuit 20 is composed of a plurality of memory circuits arranged in a matrix, the horizontal axis stores the number of octaves, the vertical axis stores data divided into different tones, and the gate circuit 21 is also configured to add via multiple gates in this connection. Further, a plurality of the above-mentioned synchronization circuits 24 are also prepared. Furthermore, as the data of the plurality of memory circuits of the memory circuit 20,
The above-mentioned slope and amplitude change information according to No. 0-79676 is used.

The memory output data passes through the adder circuit 22 and the data bus line 14, and its corresponding time-division data is applied to the first launch circuit 81. That is, since the latch circuit 81 launches with the same pulse TI as the time division pulse of the gate circuit 91, data corresponding to this channel is launched.

This data is sent to the second launch circuit 71 by the waveform forming circuit 51.
The waveform data is launched in synchronization with the musical tone waveform by the output clock of , and this waveform data is applied to the waveform forming circuit 51.

In this waveform forming circuit 51, an address counter 61
The desired musical sound waveform stored in the memory circuit 20 is divided into a plurality of sections corresponding to the count value of , and the waveform data of the slope and amplitude change of the waveform in each divided section is sequentially read out.
A musical sound waveform is obtained.

The musical waveform of the waveform forming circuit 51 is multiplied by the multiplication circuit 11. By adding the envelope waveform A1 to this, it becomes a musical sound waveform close to a natural sound, and it is input to the analog multiplexer 131 as an analog musical sound waveform through the D-A converter 121, and the two key assigners divide the sound. System 16 leads.

The above is key assigner 2 and gate circuit 3! The structure and operation of the first channel, which includes the sound source device 261 and the like including the waveform forming circuit 61 and the memory circuit 20 which is a common part, has been described. Gate circuit 62. The configuration and operation of the second channel, which includes the sound source device 268 including the waveform forming circuit 62 and the memory circuit 20 as a common part, are completely the same as the first channel. be. The difference is that the key assigner is divided into two parts according to the sound range, and the waveform information corresponding to the key code (memory circuit) can be extracted separately or in combination.

In the above, the key assigner has two channels, the sound source device of each channel is operated in a time-division manner, and the common memory circuit is read out, and the frequency spectrum that changes depending on the range can be freely set. Compared to channel electronic instruments, it is possible to achieve sounds that are closer to natural musical sounds.

A feature of the present invention is that functions similar to those described above are performed within each channel.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. That is, the sound source device 2 in the first channel in FIG.
The range within 61 is divided into two ranges: SWELL and GREAT. Therefore, the master oscillator 14 is connected in parallel to the swell and great series pitch name selection circuits 4m, 4c and other sound source circuits 26's,
Connect to 26'a, and key assigner 21 to note name selection circuit 4g and 4c. ! -1, the tone name code is inputted, and the sound source circuits 26'S and 26'G output the tone waveforms to the multiplication circuits 11g*11G of two series.

Similarly, from the sound source circuits 26'B and 26'G, line 1 of the gate circuit 9 in FIG. A line corresponding to the output line 14 of the adder circuit in FIG. Read data. Also memory circuit 20g
Octave selection circuit 23g input to y20G respectively
, 23o, an octave code is input through a line corresponding to line 18 of the gate circuit 31 in FIG. In addition, the synchronization circuit 242 within the dotted line frame 24 includes a sound source circuit 26'g.
, 26♂ and the synchronization pulse generation circuit 1 of FIG. 1, respectively.
A synchronization pulse is input through the line corresponding to 0.0 line 1 a-s, and the time division clock T given to the gate circuit 241 is determined by the output signal of the synchronization circuit 242.
I is turned on and outputs to the gate circuits 21s and 21G in parallel.

Such a configuration: If you press the tone tablet 25 to the synchronization circuit 242 and input coupler information (GR to SW), it will switch to GR to SW.
Even if only the series is operating and producing sound, the waveform forming circuit corresponding to the key name code of the key assigner (key assigner) can also be operated to select and produce the tone waveforms of the two series.

FIG. 4 shows a detailed circuit example of a synchronization circuit 242 and a gate circuit 241 having the above-mentioned functions, and shows one corresponding to channel 1.

In the figure, the synchronization circuit 242 is connected to the tone tablet 25.
(Coupler) switch (GRto) of terminal 25 (A) from
SW), 25 (CZ) (7) SW x k terminal, 2
5(t”if)/V-) terminal is input. Swell (S
A 2-in Y inverter 24 which gives a key name code of W) or Great (GR) has an inverted input by 1 and a terminal 25 (
OR gate 24 with the tablet input of terminal 25 (a) through 24x-x, and input the output to the first D-7 lip
Input to the D terminal of 0/24t.

On the other hand, AND the input of the other input Y and the input of terminal No. 0)2
4g-4 and its output is input to the D terminal of the second D-type 7 lip 70 tube 24 toe.

These D type flip flops 07 24z-s, 24x-a
Line 16 is connected to the CK terminal of the
-1 provides the synchronization pulse and the clear terminal is connected to line 13-1. The Q outputs of these 7 limp flops are connected to the gate circuit 24. AND circuit 241-1 in
.

Line 1 from key assigner 21 to 241-z respectively.
It is input together with the time division clock TI by 7-1, and its output is output to the gate circuits 21s and 21o.

To explain the operation with the above configuration, the operation of the tone tablet 25 causes the cabrus inch (GRto
If the key name code @0'' is given to the line Y when the key assigner (SW) of channel 1 is pressed and the key assigner (SW) is pressed, the key name code @0'' is applied to the OR gate 24z-z via the inverter 24tl. @1m is given to the output of the terminal 25 (b), and “1” or swell (SW) is applied to the terminal 25 (b).
regardless of the tone of the tablet AND game) 24z-s
The output of is @1#, so @1'' is given to the D terminal of the first D-type 7 lip-flop 242-@, and the sound source circuit 2
6, the synchronization pulse of line l-1 is sent to the CK terminal @
When 1''' is applied, @1'' is output from the Q terminal. 241-1KJa pulse generator 1
The time division clock Tl of line 1r-1 of 8 is applied to the gate circuit 21g, and the memory data of the swell (SW) memory circuit 20s is output. key assigner 2
! If the gray) (GR) is captured, the key name code @1m is given to line Y, and the terminal 25 (c) - is given °1#.
i.e. gray) (GR) tone tablet is on (
@1''') AND l') 24m-4
The output of is @1'', so the Q terminal of the second D-shaped lip 70 knob 24*-a is 11'', and the line It-t of the sequential pulse generator 18 is connected to the AND gate 241-t.
The other time division clock Ts is given to the gate circuit 21c, and the memory data is outputted from the great (GR) memory circuit 20o.

If the key assigner has not captured the key information at the clear terminal of the D-type flip 70 knobs 242-@, 24s-a, the clear terminal is cleared and the time division clock Tt is not provided to the gate circuits 21g, 21o through the gate circuit 241.

Furthermore, since @1# is given to the terminal 25 (a), memory data is simultaneously output from the swell (SW) memory circuit 20s as in the case where the above-mentioned terminal YK@O'' is given. .

As explained above, according to the present invention, a plurality of sound source devices each including a waveform forming circuit corresponding to a key name and each having a different tone range are provided in the same channel of a key assigner having a plurality of channels, and the key name from the key assigner is ;-D and coupler information as described above, swell (SW) and gray) (
This allows the waveform forming circuits of the GR) to be operated not only one at a time, but also both at the same time, which is very effective in bringing musical waveforms closer to natural musical instrument sounds.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The first figure is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an electronic musical instrument having a two-channel key assigner to which the present invention is applied, FIG. The explanatory diagram shown in FIG. 4 is a detailed diagram of the main part of the embodiment, and in the diagram,
1 is the keyboard, 21 + 2z is the key assigner, 31 * 5x is the gate circuit, 4t + 4z * 4st 4G is the note name selection circuit, 5x * 5z is the waveform forming circuit, 61° 62 is the address kakunta, 71e 72t s,, sg is the launch circuit , 91* 92 is a gate circuit, 101.10. is synchronization pulse generation circuit, 11111b# 1111y 11o
is a multiplication circuit, 121112! is a D-A converter, 13t,
11g is an analog multiplexer, 14 is a mask oscillator, 15 is a filter circuit, 16 is a sound system, 1
7 is an hour/minute 1114 clock generation circuit, 18 is a sequential pulse generator, 19° 19g, 19o is a complement circuit% 20*
20! l, 20G is a memory circuit, 2L 21g,
21a is a gate circuit, 22.22s, 22a is an addition circuit, 23.23g, 25o is an octave selection circuit, 2
41 is a gate circuit, 242 is a synchronization circuit, 25 is a tone tablet, 261e 26! is a sound source device, 26's g
26'. indicates the sound source circuit. Patent applicant Kawai Musical Instruments Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney 1) Yoshishige Saka 2nd plan 23

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of memory means each storing waveform information in a different number of words for each musical range; an address signal generating means for outputting an address signal according to the pressed key note name; Therefore, a memory specifying means for specifying one or more of the plurality of memory means, and a memory specifying signal from the memory specifying means and an address signal from the address signal generating means generate a waveform from the memory means. What is claimed is: 1. An electronic musical instrument comprising: reading means for reading out information on a waveform; and waveform forming means for forming a musical sound waveform from the waveform information from the reading means. (2) the range is divided into octaves, and
2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising memory means for each octave. (3) The number of words in the memory means increases by 1/2 each time the octave increases, and the reading means reads the address signal from the address signal generating means from the upper bits each time the octave increases. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the electronic musical instrument is not supplied sequentially.