JP2900082B2 - Music generator - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a musical sound generator capable of generating musical sounds by different types of sound source systems.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, various sound source systems have been proposed for generating musical tones. However, it has been general that one electronic device is provided with a musical sound generating apparatus using a single sound source system.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, each of the tone generators has a limit in the tone that can be generated independently, and particularly when trying to faithfully reproduce a tone like a piano, the tone must be changed according to a tone range and a key pressing speed (velocity). Therefore, there is a problem that the amount of parameters to be stored increases and a large-capacity memory is required.

An object of the present invention is to combine a sound source method based on waveform reading and a sound source method based on a non-linear synthesis operation to determine which sound source method is to be used to generate a specified musical tone. That is, it can be determined by selecting a timbre or the like.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention includes first waveform generating means for first reading out and generating a waveform signal stored in advance corresponding to input pitch information. RO means that store waveform signals in advance
Generates waveforms by accessing a memory such as M with a step width corresponding to the input pitch information, for example, PCM method, DPCM
It is a sound source circuit based on the APCM method or the ADPCM method.

Next, there is provided a second waveform generating means for generating a waveform signal corresponding to the pitch information by executing a nonlinear synthesis operation in accordance with a predetermined algorithm. The means is a sound source circuit that generates a waveform by a modulation method such as an FM method or a phase modulation method.

These first and second waveform generation means can be configured to be assigned to any of a plurality of tone generation channels by time division processing, and to generate each waveform signal at the timing of the assigned tone generation channel.

Further, according to the input at least a set of the pitch information and the velocity information, the first or the second
Control means for selectively operating one of the waveform generating means to generate one of the first waveform signal and the second waveform signal. This control means refers to a data range of the pitch information and the velocity information, for example, a combination such that the range of the pitch is C3 to B5 and the range of the velocity is 42 to 84, and the pitch input as the performance information is referred to. One of the first waveform signal and the second waveform signal is generated by selectively operating any of the waveform generating means that matches the data range included in the combination of the information and the velocity information. The performance information may include timbre information in addition to pitch information and velocity information.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the first waveform generating means and the second waveform generating means are assigned to one of a plurality of sounding channels by time division processing, and the timing of the assigned sounding channel is assigned. , A first waveform signal and a second waveform signal can be generated, and the control means assigns a first waveform signal to each of the two assigned channels according to a set of velocity information and pitch information. One of the generating means and the second waveform generating means is selectively assigned to generate two tone signals. The pitches of the two tone signals are deviated by a predetermined amount, which may cause detune.

[Action]

According to the present invention, based on a combination of performance information such as pitch, velocity, and timbre, the control means generates a sound source (first type) based on a waveform readout method such as the PCM method.
And the sound source (second waveform generating means) based on the modulation method can be selected and assigned to each sounding channel.

In addition, the control means can selectively operate the first or second waveform generating means in accordance with the performance information such as pitch information and velocity information and can assign the first or second waveform generating means to each sounding channel. By appropriately setting each data range, the combination of the sound sources can be freely changed.

Further, according to another embodiment of the present invention, one sounding operation, for example, one key press can simultaneously assign one or both of the sound sources to each sounding channel and sound two sounds. A richer tone can be obtained.

Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an electronic keyboard instrument will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Overall Configuration FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, a keyboard section 103 is scanned by a CPU 102, and the CPU 102 obtains a key code KC representing pitch information of a depressed or released key and velocity information VL based on the scan result.

Next, based on the key code KC and the velocity information VL obtained by the key scan, the CPU 102 outputs two-bit sound source system select information SE for selecting two different sound source systems.

At the same time, the CPU 102 outputs frequency information F of the key pressed key based on the key code KC, and frequency information F + D of detune having a slight pitch difference from the pitch of the key pressed key. Here, D is detune data, which is generated in the CPU 102 based on the frequency information F.

Next, the MSB (most significant bit) and LSB (least significant bit) of the 2-bit data of the sound source system select information SE are alternately input to the SE shift register 104, and the frequency information F
And the detune frequency information F + D are also input to the F shift register 105 in that order.

Each of the SE shift register 104 and the F shift register 105 includes eight stages sequentially shifted by the same clock Φ. The eight stages sequentially take in data for eight sounding channels that make one round in one sampling cycle. In this case, the data of the same stage of both the shift registers 104 and 105 at the same timing of the clock Φ correspond to each other. For example, the MSB of the second stage of the SE shift register 104 is the F shift register 10
5 corresponds to the frequency information F set second.

In this embodiment, there are eight sounding channels. However, since detuned tone signals are generated simultaneously, the number of keys that can be sounded simultaneously is four.

Thereafter, the frequency information F output from the F shift register 105 and the detuned frequency information F + D are added to the FM sound source unit 107 by the operation of the gate circuit 106 based on the sound source system select information SE output from the SE shift register 104.
And one of the PCM sound source units 103 is assigned.

The FM tone generator unit 107 and the PCM tone generator unit 108 will be described in detail later. The tone signals generated by both tone generator units are added to each other by an adder 109, and the added value of 1
After the accumulation for the sampling period (for eight sounding channels) is performed by the accumulating circuit 110, the signal is converted into an analog tone signal by the D / A converter 111, and the sound system 112 emits a tone.

Next, an operation of selecting a sound source system based on the sound source system select information SE, which is a major feature of the present embodiment, will be described.

2 (a) and 2 (b) are sound source method selection tables, which are stored in a memory (not shown) in the CPU 102. For example, each performance data in the memory is stored by an external ROM card or the like. Can be appropriately changed. FIG. 3A shows the piano tone, and FIG.
The case where the flute wind timbres are selected by the timbre switches of the switch unit 101 respectively.

These selection tables indicate that the value of the sound source system select information SE is determined by the velocity information VL and the key code KC representing the pitch.

The MSB of this sound source system select information SE is frequency information F
, And LSB represents a sound source system assigned to the detune frequency information F + d, respectively, and the logical value 0 is a PC value.
M sound source system, logical value 1 indicates the FM sound source system. For example, the second
In FIG. 7A, when the velocity information VL is 42 to 84 and the range corresponding to the key code KC is C3 to B5, the sound source system select information SE is "01", and the PCM sound source is included in the frequency information F. An FM sound source is assigned to the detune frequency information F + d.

If n = 0,1,2,3, the frequency information F is the 2n (= 0,2,4,6) channel of the even sounding channel, and the detune frequency information F + d is the 2n + 1 of the odd channel.
The selected sound source is assigned to the (=, 1, 2, 3, 5) channel.

Next, in FIG. 2 (b), C2 (6
5.4Hz) ~ B2, for example, PCM sound source that reproduces the real sound of a huge pipe of the pipe organ flute system,
In addition, a relatively small amount of memory is required for C3 to B5 in the midrange.
FM sound source is assigned.

3 (a) and 3 (b) show FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b).
Is a different representation of the sound source method selection table.
For example, in the case of the piano tone (FIG. 3 (a)) and the case of the flute wind tone (FIG. 3 (b)), both of the low tone range (C2-C) are used.
It can be seen that the PCM sound source method is selected for 3) and the treble range (C6 to C7).

Next, the operation of selecting a sound source based on the above-described select information SE will be described with reference to the timing chart of FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a case where a piano timbre is selected as timbre information Tb, the velocity information VL is 60, and three tones C6 #, E4 and G2 are depressed. The top channel name indicates a sounding channel that shifts the stage of the SE shift register 104 or the F shift register 105 every time the basic clock Φ is input.

In the figure, the output of the F shift register shown in FIG.
The frequency information F of the three tones assigned to the even sounding channels and the frequency information F of the three tones assigned to the odd sounding channels.
This represents the detune frequency information F + D of the sound. For example,
E4 'represents frequency information F + D of the detune of the E4 sound having the frequency information F.

FIG. 2B below the select information SE indicates the select information SE output from the SE shift register. For example, in the E4 sound and E4 'sound assigned to the adjacent 6 channels and 5 channels, the PCM sound source system shown in FIG. And FM sound source system are selected.

In FIG. 4, the data corresponding to channels 1 and 2 among the sounding channels 0 to 7 are not shown because one of the four keys capable of simultaneously sounding is not pressed. That's why.

Next, the PCM sound source unit 107, the FM sound source unit 108, and the TM sound source unit, which use the sound source system as the sound source selected by the select information SE, will be described in order.

PCM tone generator unit FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the PCM tone generator unit.

In the figure, the frequency information and the detune frequency information F + D corresponding to the pitches of the four keys A, B, C, and D that have been pressed are added to a shift register 502 via an adder 501.
To enter. At this time, as shown in FIG.
Is set to an even channel, and the detune frequency information F + D is set to an odd channel. Thereafter, an accumulator including the adder 501 and the shift register 502 accumulates, and an address signal having a step width corresponding to the pitch of the key-depressed key is obtained. The waveform ROM 504 is read by the address signal, and a tone signal is obtained.

In this case, the address control unit 503 controls the CPU 102 (FIG. 1).
, A start address for starting sound generation, an end address and a loop address necessary for loop processing, and the like, and comparison between those addresses and the current address are performed. Further, the waveform data corresponding to the timbre information Tb such as a piano or a flute is stored for each block in the waveform ROM 504, but the address control unit 503 sets a block address for reading the block corresponding to the timbre information Tb. Set.

After that, the waveform ROM 504
Is multiplied by velocity volume information VLO based on velocity information VL in multiplier 505.

The value of the velocity volume information VLO changes every two pulses of the basic clock Φ. This corresponds to the tone corresponding to the frequency information F set to the adjacent sounding channel and the frequency information F + D of the detune. This is to make the amplitudes of the tones equal.

FM Sound Source Unit FIG. 6 is a circuit configuration diagram of the FM sound source unit 107 based on FM modulation using a nonlinear synthesis operation.

In the figure, frequency information F of a key that has been depressed and frequency information F + D of a detune having a slight difference in frequency are output from the CPU 102 in accordance with the key code KC of the key. and corresponds to the carrier angular velocity omega _C. FM tone generator unit 107 includes a the carrier angular omega _C, the modulation angular velocity omega _t, and the modulation depth function I (t), is to create an FM modulated wave _{sin {ω ct + I (t} ) sin ω mt}.

The carrier angular velocity ω _c is converted into a time-varying carrier phase angle ω _ct by an accumulator including an adder 607 and a shift register 608. In this case, since the carry is ignored, a constant repetition signal is generated, and a modulated tone signal repeated at a constant cycle is output.

On the other hand, the carrier angular velocity ω _c is _calculated by a multiplier 601 as a constant k = ω _m /
is multiplied by ω _c to obtain a modulation angular velocity ω _m . The modulation angular velocity ω _m is converted into a temporally changing modulation wave phase angle ω _mt by an accumulator including an adder 602 and a shift register 603, as in the case of the carrier angular velocity ω _c described above. Then, the sine wave table is obtained by this modulated wave phase angle ω _mt
From the ROM 604, a sine function waveform sin ω having a phase angle of ω _mt
mt is read. Also, the modulation depth table ROM 605 uses the timbre information Tb from the timbre switch of the switch unit 101.
The modulation depth function I (t) selected from is read by the carrier phase angle ω _ct . Note that this modulation depth function I
(T) need not necessarily be a function of time.

Next, in the multiplier 606, the sine wave table ROM 60
4 is multiplied by the modulation depth function I (t) to obtain a modulated wave signal I (t) sin ω _mt .

Thereafter, the modulation signal I (t) sin ω _mt and the carrier phase angle ω _ct obtained from the shift register 608 are added to the adder 6
It is added at 09, ωct + I (t) sin ω mt of the addition the phase angle data are obtained.

Thereafter, the sine wave table ROM 610 is read by the added phase angle data, FM-modulated wave sin from the table _{ROM610 {ω ct + I (t} ) sin ω mt} is obtained.

Thereafter, the multiplier 612 multiplies the envelope value output from the envelope generator 611 controlled by the tone color information Tb and the carrier phase angle ωct with the above-mentioned FM modulated wave. Thereafter, in order to represent a change in volume due to the performance operation, the multiplier 613 multiplies the multiplied value by the velocity information V
The velocity volume information VLO based on L is multiplied.

The value of the velocity volume information VLO changes for every two basic clocks Φ. However, as described above, this value corresponds to the frequency information FLO set in the adjacent sounding channel.
This is to make the amplitudes of the tone corresponding to the tone and the tone corresponding to the detune frequency information F + D equal.

As described above, in the present embodiment, as two different sound source systems,
The PCM sound source unit and FM sound source unit have been described as examples,
Instead of the above-described FM sound source unit, a TM sound source unit as described below can be applied.

TM sound source unit This sound source configuration is disclosed in the patent application of Japanese Patent Application No. 1-341774 filed by the present applicant. As shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. This is a sound source of a modulation method based on a non-linear synthesis operation using another waveform table ROM, and is called a TM sound source unit in this embodiment.

In FIG. 7, the frequency information F corresponding to the key code of the depressed key and the detune frequency information F + D having a slight frequency difference from the key information are output from the CPU 102 (FIG. 1). corresponds to the carrier wave angular velocity omega _c. This carrier angular velocity ω _c is converted into a carrier phase angle ω _ct by an accumulator including an adder 707 and a shift register 708. At this time, by ignoring the carry, a constant repetition signal is generated, whereby a modulated tone signal repeated at a constant cycle is output.

Then, as an address signal to the carrier phase angle omega _ct, carrier signal W _c reads the carrier table ROM709 the waveform stored as shown in A of Figure 8 is obtained. This A
Is a waveform obtained by connecting sine waves of 1/4 cycle.

Then, as an address signal to the carrier signal W _c, of FIG B in as shown, reads the waveform table ROM712 storing a waveform which is defined as a triangular wave function, the single as shown in the figure C A sine wave is obtained. The frequency is a frequency corresponding to the key code KC of the keypress key.

Above, there is no modulation input, and a modulation depth function I
(T) is 0, the carrier wave table ROM709 and
The combination of waveforms stored in the waveform table ROM 712 is
The waveform is not limited to the waveform shown in FIG. 8, and for example, even in the case of the combination of waveforms shown in FIGS. 9 (a), (b), (c) and (d), if there is no modulation input, the waveform table RO
The output of M712 becomes a single sine wave.

Next, returning to FIG. 7, the conveying angular velocity ω _c is multiplied by a constant k = ω _m / ω _c in a multiplier 701 to obtain a modulation angular velocity ω _m . This modulation angular velocity ω _m is equal to the carrier angular velocity ω _c described above.
As in the case of, by Ruisan unit consisting of adder 702 and shift register 703 are converted to the modulated wave phase angle omega _mt. Then, by the modulation wave phase angle ω _mt, from sine wave table ROM704, sine function and phase angle ω _mt sin ω _mt
Is read. Further, the modulation depth function I (t) selected from the modulation depth table ROM 705 is read out by the carrier phase angle ω _ct based on the timbre information Tb by the timbre switch of the switch unit 101 (FIG. 1). Note that the modulation depth function I (t) is not necessarily a function of time.

Next, in the multiplier 706, the sine wave table ROM 60
4 is multiplied by the modulation depth function I (t) to obtain a modulation signal W _m = I (t) sin ω _mt .

Thereafter, the modulation signal W _m, the carrier W _c described above, are added by the adder 711.

Thereafter, waveform table RO by the added value W _m + W _c
By reading M712, a modulated wave output having a waveform corresponding to the modulation input waveform is obtained.

Note that the waveform table ROM7 shown in FIG.
If the value of the modulation depth function I (t) is set to a value other than 0 by using 12, a waveform output rich in high-order harmonics can be obtained.

The output of the waveform table ROM 712 is then multiplied by the multiplier 713 with the envelope signal output from the envelope generator 710 based on the timbre information Tb and the carrier wave phase angle ωct. Then, in order to represent the volume change due to the performance, the multiplier 714 further adds the multiplied value in the multiplier 713 to the velocity volume information based on the velocity information VL.
VLO is multiplied.

The value of the velocity volume information VLO changes for every two basic clocks Φ. However, as described above, this value corresponds to the frequency information FLO set in the adjacent sounding channel.
This is to make the amplitudes of the tone corresponding to the tone and the tone corresponding to the detune frequency information F + D equal.

Next, a specific operation of the embodiment of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to an operation flowchart of FIG. This operation flowchart is not particularly shown inside the CPU 102 of FIG.
2 illustrates an operation realized by executing a program stored in a ROM.

In FIG. 10, first, the operation flow starts when the power is turned on. Next, it is checked whether or not the state of the tone switch of the switch unit 101 (FIG. 1) has changed (S
1) If there is a change, the timbre information Tb is updated. If no change has occurred, the process proceeds to the next step S3.

Next, it is checked whether a change has occurred in the keyboard section 103 (S3). If no change has occurred, another process is performed (S4), and the process proceeds to the next step S12.

If a change has occurred, it is checked whether or not the key has been turned on (key pressed) (S5). If the key has not been turned on, a key release operation has been performed, and in this case, a key release has been performed. The sound source system select information SE, the frequency information F, the detune frequency information F + D, and the velocity volume information VLO of the channel to which the assigned key is assigned are cleared (S6).

If the key is turned on, then it is checked whether there is a vacant channel (S7). If there is a vacant channel, an adjacent sounding channel corresponding to the frequency information F and the detune frequency information F + D is allocated to the vacant channel (S8).

Next, the velocity level VL is converted into velocity volume information VLO based on a conversion characteristic as shown in FIG. 11 (S9). Each conversion table corresponding to the conversion characteristics such as a, b, and c in FIG. 11 is provided in the CPU 102, and is selected by a selection switch (not shown) in the switch unit 101 according to the type and musical composition of the musical instrument to be played. You.

Next, the converted velocity volume information VLO is assigned to each corresponding sounding channel (S10).

After the above processing, as shown in FIG. 2, the sound source system select information SE is assigned to the channel corresponding to the musical tone that has been operated, based on the timbre information Tb, the key code KC, and the velocity information VL (see FIG. 2). S11).

Then, it is checked whether the power is off (S
12) If not turned off, the process returns to step S1 and repeats the above processing. If it has been turned off, the process ends.

Aspects of Other Embodiments As described above, according to the present embodiment, a combination of the PCM system and the FM system or the combination of the PCM system and the TM system has been described as a sound source system. Any combination may be used as long as the method is a combination of the modulation method. For example, in addition to the PCM method, DPCM
System, ADPCM system, etc. can be used. In addition, FM method or TM
In addition to the method, various modulation methods such as a PD (phase modulation) method can be applied.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, based on a combination of pitch information, velocity information, and performance information such as timbre information, a sound source based on a waveform reading method such as a PCM method and a sound source based on a modulation method are determined based on a predetermined selection criterion. It can be automatically selected and assigned to each sound channel.

Also, during or before the performance, by appropriately setting each data range of the performance information serving as the selection criterion, the combination of the sound sources can be changed, and according to the musical idea and the player's preference,
The tone of the musical tone can be selected.

In addition, by one sounding operation, for example, one key press,
Since one or both sound sources can be assigned to each sound channel at the same time, and two sounds can be sounded,
A rich tone that cannot be obtained with a single sound source is obtained.
Furthermore, by generating two tones with detune, it is possible to obtain a richer tone.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 (a) and (b) are diagrams showing a selection table of a sound source system, and FIGS. 3 (a) and (b) are sound diagrams. 4A, 4B, and 4C are timing diagrams of a sound source selection operation, FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram of a PCM sound source unit, FIGS. FIG. 6 is a circuit configuration diagram of the FM tone generator unit, FIG. 7 is a circuit configuration diagram of the TM tone generator unit, FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory diagram of the tone generator using the TM tone generator unit when no modulation is performed, FIG. a) ~ (d) is a diagram showing a carrier signal W _c stored in the carrier table ROM, and other waveform stored in place of the triangular waveform table ROM, FIG. 10, the operation flow chart of this embodiment FIG. 11 is a conversion characteristic diagram when converting velocity information into velocity volume information. 101: Switch section, 102: CPU, 103: Keyboard section, 104
…… SE shift register, 105 …… F shift register, 106
…… Gate circuit, 107 …… FM sound source unit, 108 …… PCM
Tone generator unit 109 109 Adder 110 Accumulator circuit 111
… D / A converter, 112 …… Sound system.

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshio Negoro 3-2-1, Sakaemachi, Hamura-cho, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Hamura Technical Center (56) References JP-A-2-181795 (JP, A) Kaihei 1-269995 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G10H 7/00-7/12

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] A first waveform generating means for reading out a pre-stored waveform signal in accordance with input pitch information and generating a first waveform signal; and a non-linear synthesizing operation in accordance with a predetermined algorithm. And a second waveform generating means for generating a second waveform signal according to the pitch information, and at least the first or the first information according to a set of the input pitch information and velocity information. Control means for selectively operating the second waveform generating means to generate one of the first waveform signal and the second waveform signal; and apparatus. 2. The control device according to claim 1, wherein said control means is configured to perform first tone information in accordance with a tone color information and a set of said tone pitch information and said velocity information.
2. The tone generator according to claim 1, wherein the second waveform generator is selectively operated. 3. A first waveform generating means for reading a waveform signal stored in advance according to inputted pitch information and generating a first waveform signal, and a non-linear synthesizing operation according to a predetermined algorithm. And a second waveform generating means for generating a second waveform signal according to the pitch information, and at least the first or the first information according to a set of the input pitch information and velocity information. Control means for selecting a second waveform generating means, wherein the first waveform generating means and the second waveform generating means
The first waveform signal and the second waveform signal can be generated at the timing of the allocated sounding channels by being assigned to any of a plurality of sounding channels by time division processing, and the control means According to a set of velocity information and the pitch information, one of the first waveform generating means and the second waveform generating means is selectively assigned to each of the assigned two channels, and two tone signals are generated. A musical sound generating device characterized in that the musical sound is generated. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to perform first and second timbre information in accordance with a set of the tone information and the velocity information.
Alternatively, a second waveform generating means is selected, and one of the first waveform generating means and the second waveform generating means is selectively allocated to each of the two allocated channels. Item 4. The tone generator according to Item 3. 5. The control means generates a tone signal of a first pitch according to the pitch information on one channel, and deviates from the first pitch by a predetermined amount on the other channel. The tone generator according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a tone signal having the second pitch is generated, and two detuned tone signals are generated.