JPS6223569B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for photoelectrically measuring and recording voluntary and involuntary eye movements. The invention is particularly used in the medical field to examine balance organs and eye movements and to measure gaze direction.

Diagnosis of the frequency, amplitude, direction and duration of nystagmus is gaining increasing importance in modern medicine. Therefore, requirements such as light weight, speed and accuracy of measurement data acquisition, and universal usability are raised for a device that measures and records eye movements.

Measurement is performed by ocular infrared diffuse irradiation method. The light reflected by the eye reaches a photoelectric conversion receiver, using the difference between the reflectivity of the iris and the sclera.

In US Pat. Nos. 3,473,868 and 3,689,135 solutions are proposed in which the eye to be examined is illuminated with modulated infrared radiation. Reception of the reflected signal is via a set of receivers capable of recording either the horizontal or vertical deflection of the eye. The transmitter and two receivers are fixed to a conventional spectacle lens. This device severely impairs visibility and is very difficult to adjust for interocular distance differences.
Unable to eliminate harmful interference. Furthermore, it has been found that the use of modulated infrared radiation makes it impossible to measure the instantaneous state of the eye.

In US Pat. No. 4,145,122 a spectacle rim with infrared reflective spectacle lenses is used. By emitting infrared rays from the transmitter to the eyeglass lens, reflecting it back to the eye, radiating it back to the eyeglass lens, and then reflecting it from the eyeglass lens back to the light receiving element.
A truly simple and lightweight device is achieved. The markedly disturbing influence of external light proved to be a decisive disadvantage. Furthermore, high linearity between eye deflection and output signal cannot be achieved. Manufacturing this light-receiving element requires a large amount of economic expenditure.

East German Patent Specification No. 60388 describes an eye movement measurement and recording device that utilizes a suitable eyeglass configuration. Two illumination sources illuminate the eye directly and the reflected light reaches the silicon cell. The transmitter and receiver are located in an image transformation device that closes the eye aperture. It is therefore not possible to measure nystagmus under conditions of free vision into the eye to be examined. Furthermore,
The heat load on the eyes increases. The energy consumption and the weight of the nystagmometer are still too large for a surgical device.

An oculomometry recording device should be provided that uses a conventional eyeglass shape that allows free viewing, excludes the influence of external light, has minimal opto-mechanical expenditure, light weight and high dimensional accuracy.

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved overall arrangement of a measuring device, in particular of transmitting and receiving elements. This problem consists of a spectacle rim with a spectacle lens, a proto element, a photoelectric conversion transmitter, and a photoelectric conversion receiver, in which both the transmitter and the receiver are provided as chips and are attached to one of the spectacle lenses. In a device for measuring and recording eye movements by diffusely irradiating the eye with infrared rays, the device is connected to a plot element through a light emitting diode device, and according to the present invention, a light emitting diode device is provided as a photoelectric conversion transmitter, and at least two
The light-emitting diode chips are arranged on a ring centered on the optical axis of the eye, and the photoelectric conversion receiver consists of at least three on-board phototransistor elements, which are centered on the optical axis of the eye. This is solved by arranging them in a star shape.

In this case, the star-shaped phototransistor element can be arranged at least partially within the ring of the light-emitting diode chip. In order to simultaneously measure the horizontal and vertical movements of the eye with minimal electronic outlay, it is advantageous to arrange four plate-shaped phototransistor elements in the shape of a cross within a ring of light-emitting diode chips.
The phototransistor elements facing each other are differentially connected. The electric wire is configured as a conducting path on the spectacle lens. A terminal plate is attached to the eyeglass rim, forming electrical contact with the proto-element. A portion of the proto element is attached to the handle of the eyeglass rim.

In all embodiments, it is desirable to have the light shielding means fixedly attached to the eyeglass rim. In order to examine both eyes simultaneously, both spectacle lenses have a photoelectric conversion transmitter and a photoelectric conversion receiver of the same configuration.

An advantage of the invention is that the arrangement according to the invention of a photovoltaic transmitter and a photovoltaic receiver substantially reduces the weight of the device and makes it universally usable. Measurements of nystagmus can be performed on both eyes separately or simultaneously, with free vision. Strict linearity and high resolution between the spectacle movement and the output signal are characteristic here.

The influence of external light can be completely eliminated.

By using a plate-shaped photodetector, the influence of lid shape is essentially reduced.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on examples.

The illustrated device for measuring and recording spectacle movements consists of a spectacle rim 1 with a spectacle lens 2, a plot element 3, a photoelectric transmitter 4, and a photoelectric receiver 5. The photoelectric conversion transmitter 4 and the photoelectric conversion receiver 5 are provided as chips and are fixed to the spectacle lens 2. The photoelectric converter/transmitter 4 is a ring of light emitting diode chips arranged around the optical axis of the eye. In this case, at least two light emitting diode chips must be provided on the ring. The more light emitting diode chips form a ring, the more uniform the diffuse illumination of the eye by infrared rays. The photoelectric conversion receiver 5 consists of at least three on-board phototransistor elements. The elements are arranged star-shaped and at least partially within the ring of the light-emitting diode chip. In order to simultaneously measure the horizontal and vertical movements of the eye with minimal electronic outlay, four on-board phototransistor elements are arranged in a cross shape within a ring of light emitting diode chips. The respective opposing phototransistor elements are in this case connected differentially. Since the spectacle lens 2 is in the out-of-focus range of the eye, the photoelectric transmitter 4 and the photoelectric receiver 5 work without impairing the field of view. A free outlook is therefore guaranteed. The photoelectric conversion transmitter 4 and the photoelectric conversion receiver 5 are connected to the plot element 3 via electric wires 6. The electric wire 6 is the eyeglass lens 2
It can be implemented as a conducting path attached to the
In this case, a terminal plate 7 is provided on the rim of the glasses, which terminal plate ensures an electrical contact to the plot element 3. Advantageously, a portion of the plot element 3 is fixed to the handle of the spectacle rim 1. This allows signal loss to be minimized. By means of modulation within the plot element 3, the received signal can be transmitted for recording over long distances, for example. In that case, the operating voltage is used as the modulation carrier and only the supply mains to the plot element 3 are required.

By attaching the shading means 9 to the spectacle rim 1, a complete exclusion of the influence of external light is ensured. In order to measure the nystagmus of both eyes simultaneously or separately, both spectacle lenses 2 are equipped with a photoelectric conversion transmitter 4 and a photoelectric conversion receiver 5.
and must have the same arrangement of conducting paths,
The terminal plate 7 and the plot element 3 are connected to the eyeglass rim 1, respectively.
Must be provided on the left and right handles.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a device for measuring and recording eye movements. 1... Glasses rim, 2... Glasses lens, 3... Prot element, 4... Transmitter, 5... Receiver, 6...
Electrical wire.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Consists of a spectacle rim having a spectacle lens, a proto element, a photoelectric conversion transmitter, and a photoelectric conversion receiver, where both the transmitter and the receiver are provided as chips and are attached to one of the spectacle lenses. In an apparatus for measuring and recording eye movements by diffusely irradiating the eye with infrared rays connected to a plot element via an electric wire, a light emitting diode device is provided as a photoelectric conversion transmitter, and at least two emitting diode chips are provided. is arranged on a circular ring centered on the optical axis of the eye, and the photoelectric conversion receiver consists of at least three plate-shaped phototransistor elements, which are arranged in a star shape centered on the optical axis of the eye. A device characterized by: 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the star-shaped phototransistor element is arranged at least partially within the ring of the light-emitting diode chip. 3. In order to simultaneously measure the horizontal and vertical movements of the eye with minimal electronic expenditure, four plate-shaped phototransistor elements are arranged in a cross shape within a ring of light-emitting diode chips, and the opposite phototransistor elements 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a differential circuit is provided for this purpose. 4. Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electric wire is configured as a conductive path on the eyeglass lens, and the electrical contact with the plot element is provided on the terminal plate attached to the eyeglass rim. Equipment described in Section. 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a portion of the plot element is disposed on the handle of the eyeglass rim. 6. Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the light shielding means is fixedly attached to the rim of the glasses.
Equipment described in Section. 7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein both eyeglass lenses have a photoelectric conversion transmitter and a photoelectric conversion receiver having the same configuration in order to examine both eyes simultaneously.