JPS62235277A - Super lightweight cement set body and manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Field of Industrial Application" This invention relates to an ultra-light hardened cement body that is ultra-light and has excellent mechanical strength and is suitable for use as interior and exterior wall materials of buildings, partition walls, etc. It relates to its manufacturing method.

"Prior Art and Its Problems" In general, lightweight concrete, which is lightweight and has excellent mechanical strength, is provided as a building material such as interior and exterior wall materials and partition walls of buildings. Such light and heavy concrete includes light ffl t'fl concrete, which is made by mixing light and heavy aggregates such as volcanic gravel, expanded slag, and coal husks into concrete, and aerated concrete, which is made by containing air bubbles in concrete. .

However, although the former type of lightweight aggregate concrete has excellent mechanical strength as a structure for buildings, it has a relatively high specific gravity of 1.3 to 2. If the amount of addition is increased, the cement bond will be relatively reduced, making it strong like a pirate
Ultra-lightweight (specific gravity 0) due to the large amount of air bubbles held inside.
．． 5~! 3) Although it has a high heat insulating effect, it tends to retain moisture in the internal air bubbles, which increases water absorption, resulting in increased drying shrinkage and a lack of quality stability. At times, the slump change becomes large and the workability deteriorates. In addition, this aerated concrete has the problem of being susceptible to frost damage due to the large amount of water it retains inside, which leads to a decline in mechanical properties.

"Purpose" This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a non-foamed material (boneless material) that is extremely lightweight (specific gravity 0.9 to 1.5) and has high mechanical strength. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-lightweight hardened cement material (additional material).

``Means for Solving the Problems'' In order to achieve this objective, the inventors conducted repeated studies and found that they granulated fine powder of porous biotite rhyolite as an aggregate and fired it. We focused on the ultra-lightweight bone-o. The above-mentioned porous biotite rhyolite is called anti-firestone depending on where it is produced, and it is an extremely easily available and inexpensive material that is known for its fire-resistance properties. The ultra-light aggregate produced by granulation and firing is light and heavy, and has particularly excellent performance in terms of compressive strength, water absorption, etc.

However, when putting such ultra-light aggregate into practical use as an aggregate, the following problems arose due to its particle size distribution. In other words, if the particle size distribution is biased towards larger or smaller particle sizes, for example, the aggregate will float on the surface of the resulting ultra-light cement hardened body.
The finished surface becomes ffl m, which also causes a decrease in mechanical strength.

Therefore, the inventors conducted further research and found that when the above-mentioned ultra-light aggregate was used as an aggregate, the particle size greatly affected the compressive strength and water absorption rate of the ultra-light cement hardened body. Start f.

That is, the characteristics of the ultra-light cement hardened body of this invention are as follows:
The particle size of the ultra-lightweight aggregate made by granulating and firing porous biotite rhyolite fine powder is in the range of 0.6 to 15 zm.

In addition, the feature of the method for producing an ultra-light cement hardened body of the present invention is that after granulating porous biotite rhyolite fine powder, cement and water are kneaded into the ultra-light aggregate obtained by firing. The particle size of the ultra-light aggregate described in item 1 was set in the range of 0.6 to 15 mm, and the water content of this ultra-light aggregate was measured on the kneading surface. 1. The moisture content in the hardened cement is kept constant.

"Function" In the ultra-light cement hardened body of the present invention, since the water absorption rate of the ultra-light aggregate is extremely low, the amount of water held in the ultra-light aggregate is extremely small, so that the ultra-light cement hardened body High mechanical strength is obtained while retaining less water.

In addition, in this ultra-light cement hardened product, the particle size of the ultra-light aggregate is in the range of 06 to 15 Ru, so the ultra-light aggregate is included in the kneaded mixture of cement and water. In addition, in the method for producing an ultra-light cement hardened body of the present invention, since ultra-light aggregate with an extremely low water absorption rate is used, the amount of water retained in the ultra-light aggregate is 6. Since the amount of water is extremely small, the amount of water in the resulting ultra-light cement hardened body can be reduced and kept constant, and high mechanical strength can be obtained.

[Example J] Hereinafter, the ultra-light cement hardened body of the present invention will be explained in detail.

The ultra-light cement hardened body (hereinafter abbreviated as hardened body) of the present invention is obtained by kneading and hardening ultra-light aggregate, water, and cement.

The above-mentioned ultra-light aggregate is made by granulating porous biotite rhyolite fine powder and then firing it, and is composed of ultra-light fine aggregate and ultra-light coarse aggregate.

The particle size of ultra-light fine aggregate (O) should be in the range of 0.6 to 5 mm.Then, click the button for each particle size of this ultra-light fine aggregate. At the end of ■, the t and r of the ν seat are classified as ■, and those with a particle size in the range of 1 to 3 mm are classified as ■, and 3
If the particle size in the range of ~5 mm is ■, then I:n
:II[=3:1:I or so, but it is not limited to this. In addition, ultra-light coarse aggregate is
The particle size is in the range of 5 to 15 mm. The composition ratio of each particle size of this ultra-light coarse aggregate is as follows: ``■'' is the particle size in the range of 5 to LOxm, and ``■'' is the particle size in the range of 10 to 15 mm. It is determined by considering the unit volume weight of the mixture and the actual rate, etc., and usually [V:V=
l:4 to about 4:1, preferably IV:V
=L:4, but is not limited to this.

The mixing ratio of these ultra-lightweight fine aggregates and ultra-lightweight coarse aggregates is determined as appropriate depending on the specific gravity of the resulting hardened material.

The amount of the above-mentioned ultra-light aggregate in the cured product is determined as appropriate depending on the specific gravity and mechanical strength such as compressive strength required of the resulting cured product, and is usually in the range of about 60 to 80% by weight. It is said that If it is less than 60% by weight, it is too small and the amount of cement in the cured product increases, resulting in a disadvantage that the specific gravity becomes large. Moreover, if it exceeds 80% by weight, although the specific gravity of the hardened product becomes small, the cement hm is relatively reduced by the increased amount of ultra-light aggregate, resulting in a disadvantage that the mechanical strength decreases. The water absorption rate of this ultra-light aggregate is usually 12
The range is approximately 20% by weight, which is extremely small.

As the above-mentioned water, natural water such as lake water and river water, and tap water such as tap water and well water are used. Also, as the cement, ordinary Portland cement is used. The mixing ratio of water and cement, that is, the water-cement ratio (W/C), is determined in consideration of the mechanical strength of the hardened material, and is usually about 35 to 55%, preferably 40 to 50%. It is said to be within a range of degrees. If it is less than 35%, the amount of cement m increases, and although the mechanical strength of the resulting cured product increases, the specific gravity increases. On the other hand, if it exceeds 55%, the amount of cement is small and the amount of water is relatively increased, resulting in a large slump value, resulting in the disadvantage that workability deteriorates.

The hardened material having such a structure has an absolute dry specific gravity of 0.9 to 1.0 depending on the blending ratio of the ultra-light fine aggregate, ultra-light coarse aggregate, water, cement, admixture, and other ingredients used. It will be in the range of 5. Of this hardened material, especially those with an absolute dry specific gravity in the range of 1.1 to 1.5, an appropriate amount of natural fine aggregate such as mountain sand or river sand is added to compensate for the fine particles in the hardened material. can do.

The particle size of this natural fine aggregate is 0.15 to 2.51! The mixing ratio of this B to the amount of ultra-light aggregate is approximately 63 to 65%. In this case, by adding this natural fine aggregate, it is possible to supplement the fine particles with a smaller diameter than the ultra-light aggregate in the hardened material. is evenly dispersed and mixed throughout the cured product, making it extremely lightweight and having excellent mechanical strength.

Furthermore, reinforcing materials such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, and metal fibers can be mixed into this cured product for the purpose of increasing bending strength and shear strength.

The method for producing the cured product will be explained in detail. First, porous biotite rhyolite fine powder is granulated and then fired to obtain ultra-light aggregate. Next, the particle size distribution of the ultra-light aggregate was adjusted using a standard sieve to be in the range of 0.6 to 15H, and the blending ratio in the ultra-light fine aggregate, the blending ratio in the ultra-light coarse aggregate, and the ultra-light Adjust the mixing ratio of fine aggregate and ultra-light coarse aggregate.

At this time, the above adjustment is determined in consideration of the specific gravity, mechanical strength, etc. of the obtained cured product. Next, the water content of the ultra-light aggregate is measured.

Next, a small amount of water is poured into a predetermined amount of cement while kneading it, and the ultra-light aggregate is added thereto, while the remaining water is gradually added dropwise. At this time, the remaining athlete's foot should be added as appropriate depending on the moisture content of the ultra-light aggregate, the amount of drying shrinkage of the hardened material, etc. In other words, if the water content of the ultra-light aggregate is low, the amount of water added to the kneaded mixture is slightly increased; Reduce the amount slightly. By doing this, f
fIfl165sθ) Father-in-law 4S now ζIA-to? --Anxiety Y
Si + s, - sif 1 x 1 monkey. Further, admixtures such as a water reducing agent, an air amount regulator, and a thickening agent may be added to this kneaded product at an appropriate mixing ratio, if necessary. next,
After pouring this kneaded material into a predetermined mold, it is compacted by pie-breaking and the surface of the kneaded material is finished with a trowel. Next, after steam curing for a certain period of time to make it easier to use, remove the cured product from the mold to obtain the desired cured product.

In the hardened material obtained in this way, since the water absorption rate of the ultra-light aggregate is extremely low, the amount of water retained in the ultra-light aggregate is also extremely small, and therefore the amount of water retained within the hardened material is extremely low. As the amount decreases, higher mechanical strength can be obtained.

In addition, in the above method for producing a hardened product, since ultra-light aggregate with extremely low water absorption is used, the amount of water retained in the ultra-light aggregate is extremely small, so the ultra-light cement obtained The amount of water in the cured product can be reduced and kept constant, and high mechanical strength can also be obtained.

Hereinafter, experimental examples will be shown to clarify the effects of the ultra-lightweight hardened cement of the present invention.

(Experimental Example 1) After granulating porous biotite rhyolite fine powder and firing it, an ultra-light aggregate with a particle size distribution of about 0.6 to 151 was obtained by passing through a standard Mulberry sieve. When the water absorption rate of this ultra-light aggregate was measured, it was about 12.6 to 198% by weight based on the weight of the ultra-light aggregate. Then, this ultra-light aggregate, water, and cement were kneaded in the proportions shown in Table 1, and the kneaded product was mixed with 1. O
It was poured into a mold of cm x 10 cm x 40 cm and solidified through steam curing to obtain a cubic-shaped cured body (Example 1) with a specific gravity of 1.0. The air content in this cured product is 1
It was 0% by volume.

Further, a commercially available K-pink-shaped ultra-light hardened cement material (Comparative Example 1.2) having a specific gravity of 10 was obtained by using Cerahole or Shirasu as aggregate and kneading these with water and cement, respectively.

In order to compare the water absorption performance of these three types of cured bodies, the weight reduction tendency was investigated by setting the weight at the start of the test to zero. The results are shown in FIG. In addition, the first
In the figure, the vertical axis represents the weight loss of the cured product during drying, and the horizontal axis represents the age of the material.

Table 1 However, in the 6 tables following Table 1, ultra-light aggregate 1: 0.6<particle size≦IIl! ff Ultra-light aggregate■: 1 <Particle size 53mm ultra-light aggregate■:
3 Particle size≦Eimz ultra-light aggregate ■: 5 Particle size≦LOmm ultra-light aggregate V: 10<particle size≦15zi.

As is clear from FIG. 1, in Example 1, the comparative Ml+I
On I+-l, +P (nore 1na-+-L1.1 set 11/hc) The amount of decrease is extremely small, and the amount of decrease is almost zero on the 7th day of wood age.Therefore, in Example I, Since the amount of water retained is extremely small, it maintains a constant quality even under dry conditions.This Example 1 can be suitably used as an inner wall of a non-structural body such as a partition wall.

(Experimental Example 2) A cured product (Example 2) having a specific gravity of 1.2 was produced in substantially the same manner as in Experimental Example I using the formulation shown in Table 2.

In addition, among commercially available ultra-light cement hardened bodies, specific gravity 1.3
．． Comparative Examples 3.4.5 and 2nd type lightweight concrete of 1.4 were used as Comparative Examples 3.4.5, respectively.

These cured products were then tested for freeze-thaw resistance performance. That is, before the test, the dynamic elastic modulus was measured and set to the base value of 100, and the relative elastic modulus value decreased to 85 in the freeze-thaw test, and then the number of freeze-thaw cycles was compared. The results are shown in Table 3.

In addition, in the above Example 2 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5, 1)=F
h f, f ra ・Novo mother-in-law 〇 --L-l
↓Si J・, L +, L? It was set at 50%.

Table 2 Table 3 As is clear from Table 3, Example 2 is the same as Comparative Examples 3 to 5.
It can be seen that it has superior freeze-thaw resistance performance compared to

(Experimental Example 3) Similar to Experimental Example 1, the specific gravity was 0.9 (Example 3) 1.0 (Example 1) 1.1 (Example 4) 1.2 (Example 2) 1.3 (Example 5) 1.4 (Example 6) Each cured body was manufactured. Then, the relationship between specific gravity and compressive strength of these cured bodies was investigated. Moreover, Comparative Example 3.4 used in Experimental Example 2 was used as a comparative example. The results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the vertical axis shows compressive strength, and the horizontal axis shows absolute dry specific gravity.

As is clear from FIG. 2, Examples 1 to 6 have a specific gravity of 0.
Although it is in the range of 9 to 1.4, its compressive strength is approximately 100 to 280 9/cm2, indicating that it is extremely lightweight and has high strength performance. Projection Example 2.4 is suitable for non-structural members such as PC curtain walls, and Example 5.6 is suitable for structural bodies such as external walls and floors.

(Experimental Example 4) Regarding Examples 1 to 3.5.6 used in Experimental Example 3, the relationship between compressive strength and tensile strength was investigated. The Ministry of Construction's structural strength standards were used as a comparison example. The results are shown in Figure 3.

As is clear from FIG. 3, Examples 1 to 3.5.6 are as follows:
It can be seen that both values exceed the standard values. Therefore,
It can be seen that these Examples 1 to 3, 5, and 6 can be suitably used as interior and exterior wall materials of structures such as buildings.

(Experimental Example 5) The cubic-shaped cured body with a specific gravity of 1.0 produced in Experimental Example 1 was cut to a thickness of 150+u+, and an accelerated neutralization test was conducted on this plate-shaped cured body. The neutralization depth was estimated to be equivalent to 36 years, which was the 5th shoulder.

(Experimental Example 6) Iron [Smell 11s^he--υ Buddha 108 Bars ↓ Sympathize with 1C bar-^ When a 2-hour fire resistance test was conducted on the paddle-shaped hardened body, it completely passed.

(Experimental Example 7) Ultra-light coarse aggregate obtained in Experimental Example 1 (5 grain size≦10xi
Mix V, (10<particle size≦15ii) V at the mixing ratio shown in Table 4, measure the unit volume weight and bone dry specific gravity of the mixture, and measure the actual rate (unit volume weight/bone dry specific gravity). was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 2, Figures 4 and 5. In addition, Figure 4 shows the relationship between the mixing ratio of the ultra-light coarse aggregates ■ and ■ and the unit volume weight, and Figure 5 shows the relationship between the ultra-light coarse aggregates ■ and ■ and the unit volume weight.
It shows the relationship between the mixing ratio of H aggregate 1v, ■ and the actual rate.

(Leaving space below) As is clear from Table 4, Table 2, Figures 4 and 5, the mixing ratio of the ultra-light coarse aggregates ■ and ■, which is almost constant in water bearing with a high performance rate, is 4. :1 to 1:4, and the unit volume weight at the mixing ratio in that range is 375 to 418 to 9.
It was surrounded by 713. In other words, the mixing ratio of ultra-light q coarse aggregate that is lightweight and satisfies a high performance rate is ■・V=4・1
It turns out that the degree is optimal.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, in the ultra-light cement hardened body of the present invention, the water absorption rate of the ultra-light aggregate is extremely low, so the water m retained in the ultra-light aggregate is extremely small, and therefore the ultra-light cement hardened body is Lightweight cement retains less water in the hardened body and provides high mechanical strength. In addition, in this ultra-light cement hardened body, the particle size of the ultra-light aggregate is 0.6.
Since it is in the range of ~15xi, the ultra-light aggregate is evenly dispersed in the hardened material. Therefore, the aggregate does not float on the surface of the cured product, resulting in a good surface finish.

In addition, in the method for producing an ultra-light cement hardened body of the present invention, ultra-light aggregate with an extremely low water absorption rate is used, so that the moisture retained in the ultra-light aggregate (m t ) is extremely reduced. Therefore, the amount of water in the ultra-light cement hardened body obtained can be reduced and kept constant, and high mechanical strength can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows the weight AA of the ultra-light cement hardened body of this invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between absolute dry specific gravity and compressive strength of the ultra-light hardened cement of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the tensile strength and compressive strength of the ultra-light hardened cement of the present invention. Graph showing the relationship with compressive strength. Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the mixing ratio of ultra-light coarse aggregate and unit volume m-4. Figure 5 shows the mixing ratio in ultra-light aggregate and actual performance. It is a graph showing the relationship with the rate.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) An ultra-light cement hardened body consisting of ultra-light aggregate made by granulating and firing porous biotite rhyolite fine powder, water, and cement, wherein the particle size of the ultra-light aggregate is 0. An ultra-lightweight hardened cement body characterized by having a thickness in the range of 6 to 15 mm. (2) Production of an ultra-light cement hardened body by kneading cement and water into an ultra-light aggregate obtained by granulating and firing porous biotite rhyolite fine powder, and hardening the kneaded mixture. The method comprises: adjusting the particle size of the ultra-light aggregate to a range of 0.6 to 15 mm, and measuring the moisture content of the ultra-light aggregate before the above-mentioned kneading to determine the water content in the ultra-light cement hardened body. 1. A method for producing an ultra-light hardened cement material, characterized in that the content is kept constant.