JPH10194813A - Lightweight concrete - Google Patents
Lightweight concreteInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10194813A JPH10194813A JP35647996A JP35647996A JPH10194813A JP H10194813 A JPH10194813 A JP H10194813A JP 35647996 A JP35647996 A JP 35647996A JP 35647996 A JP35647996 A JP 35647996A JP H10194813 A JPH10194813 A JP H10194813A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lightweight
- specific gravity
- concrete
- cement
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000005332 obsidian Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、気乾比重が１．４
以下で、４０Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上の高圧縮強度を発現する軽
量コンクリートに関する。[0001] The present invention relates to an air-dried specific gravity of 1.4.
Hereinafter, the present invention relates to a lightweight concrete exhibiting a high compressive strength of 40 N / mm 2 or more.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】これまでに、超軽量骨材の使用や、気泡
を混入させる等の手段によって、軽量コンクリートが開
発されている。例えば、特開平８−１２４６４号公報に
は、早強セメントと、水と、高強度軽量骨材と、混和材
（高炉スラグ及びフライアッシュ）と、起泡剤とが配合
されてなる気泡コンクリートが開示されている。この気
泡コンクリートは、水結合材比が３１％、早強セメント
１００重量部に対して６０重量部の高炉スラグと、４０
重量部のフライアッシュと、３．１重量部の高性能減水
剤と、１１２重量部の軽量粗骨材（比重０．８）と、６
４重量部の軽量細骨材（比重０．８）と、１０重量部の
パーライト（比重０．５）と、起泡剤を配合した場合、
気乾比重１．０５（空気量１６％）で２７Ｎ／ｍｍ2程
度、気乾比重１．２（プレーンコンクリート）で３５Ｎ
／ｍｍ2程度の圧縮強度を発現するものである。2. Description of the Related Art Until now, lightweight concrete has been developed by means of using ultra-light aggregate and mixing air bubbles. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-12464 discloses an aerated concrete obtained by mixing an early-strength cement, water, a high-strength lightweight aggregate, an admixture (blast furnace slag and fly ash), and a foaming agent. It has been disclosed. This aerated concrete has a water binder ratio of 31%, a blast furnace slag of 60 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the early-strength cement, and 40 parts by weight.
Parts by weight of fly ash, 3.1 parts by weight of a high performance water reducing agent, 112 parts by weight of light coarse aggregate (specific gravity 0.8), 6 parts by weight
When 4 parts by weight of lightweight fine aggregate (specific gravity 0.8), 10 parts by weight of pearlite (specific gravity 0.5), and a foaming agent are blended,
Air-dried specific gravity 1.05 (air volume 16%) at 27N / mm 2 approximately, with air-dried specific gravity of 1.2 (plain concrete) 35N
/ Mm 2 .
【０００３】上記のような気乾比重が１．３以下と軽量
で、３５Ｎ／ｍｍ2程度の圧縮強度を発現するコンクリ
ートは、主に建築物の外壁を構成するカーテンウォール
等の非構造用部材に対して用いられている。[0003] As described above, concrete having a light air-dry specific gravity of 1.3 or less and exhibiting a compressive strength of about 35 N / mm 2 is mainly used for non-structural members such as curtain walls constituting the outer walls of buildings. Used for
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、これま
で、気乾比重が１．４以下の軽量コンクリートでは、骨
材強度の問題や軽量粗骨材とモルタル部分との分離等に
より、４０Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上の圧縮強度を発現するものは
得られていなかった。However, in the case of lightweight concrete having an air-drying specific gravity of 1.4 or less, 40 N / mm 2 has been hitherto due to the problem of the aggregate strength and the separation of the lightweight coarse aggregate from the mortar portion. A material exhibiting the above compressive strength was not obtained.
【０００５】本発明は、上述した軽量コンクリートが有
する課題に鑑みなされたものであって、その目的は、気
乾比重が１．４以下で、高圧縮強度（材令２８日：４０
Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上）を発現する軽量コンクリートを提供す
ることにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of lightweight concrete, and has as its object the purpose of the present invention is to provide an air-dried specific gravity of 1.4 or less and a high compressive strength (28 days old: 40
N / mm 2 or more).
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、上記目的
を達成するため鋭意研究した結果、特定の軽量細骨材
および特定の特性を有する軽量粗骨材を使用すること、
コンクリートの配合割合を特定することにより、気乾
比重が１．４以下で、高圧縮強度（材令２８日：４０Ｎ
／ｍｍ2以上）を発現する軽量コンクリートが得られる
との知見を得て本発明を完成するに至った。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies to achieve the above object, and have found that a specific lightweight fine aggregate and a lightweight coarse aggregate having specific characteristics are used.
By specifying the mixing ratio of concrete, the air-dry specific gravity is 1.4 or less, and the high compressive strength (Material age 28 days: 40N)
/ Mm 2 or more), which led to the completion of the present invention based on the knowledge that a lightweight concrete exhibiting the above characteristics can be obtained.
【０００７】即ち、本発明は、セメント、水／セメント
比が３５重量％以下の水、減水剤、黒曜石又は真珠岩の
粉砕物を１０００〜１２００℃で焼成・発泡させた軽量
細骨材および表乾比重が１．１〜１．３で、かつＲａｍ
ｏｓの式から求めた圧縮強度が２５Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上であ
る軽量粗骨材からなる気乾比重が１．４以下で、圧縮強
度が４０Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上の軽量コンクリート（請求項
１）を要旨とする。That is, the present invention relates to a lightweight fine aggregate obtained by calcining and foaming a cement, water having a water / cement ratio of 35% by weight or less, a water reducing agent, obsidian or pearlite at 1000 to 1200 ° C. Dry specific gravity of 1.1 to 1.3 and Ram
compressive strength was determined from the equation: os is equal to or less than the vapor dry specific gravity 1.4 consisting of lightweight coarse aggregate is 25 N / mm 2 or more, Abstract compressive strength is 40N / mm 2 or more lightweight concrete (claim 1) And
【０００８】また、本発明は、上記軽量コンクリートに
おいて、軽量粗骨材とモルタル部分との比重差が０．４
以下であること（請求項２）を特徴とする。Further, the present invention provides the above lightweight concrete, wherein the specific gravity difference between the lightweight coarse aggregate and the mortar portion is 0.4.
It is characterized by the following (claim 2).
【０００９】さらに、本発明は、上記軽量コンクリート
において、単位セメント量が３５０〜４５０ｋｇ／
ｍ3、水／セメント比が２５〜３５重量％、軽量細骨材
がセメントに対して８０〜１３５重量％、軽量粗骨材が
セメントに対して８０〜１３５重量％であること（請求
項３）を特徴とする。Furthermore, the present invention provides the above lightweight concrete, wherein the unit cement amount is 350 to 450 kg /
m 3 , the water / cement ratio is 25 to 35% by weight, the lightweight fine aggregate is 80 to 135% by weight with respect to the cement, and the lightweight coarse aggregate is 80 to 135% by weight with respect to the cement. ).
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明で使用する軽量細骨材は、黒曜石又は真珠岩を破
砕・粉砕して５ｍｍ以下程度に粒度調整し、１０００〜
１２００℃で焼成し発泡させたものである。このように
使用する細骨材を限定したのは、軽量の点はもとより強
度の点で特徴を有しているからであり、それが軽量コン
クリートの比重および強度に影響するからである。な
お、上記温度で製造された軽量細骨材の表乾比重は概ね
１．０〜１．３である。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The lightweight fine aggregate used in the present invention is obtained by crushing and crushing obsidian or perlite and adjusting the particle size to about 5 mm or less.
It is fired at 1200 ° C. and foamed. The reason why the fine aggregate to be used is limited in this way is that it has a feature not only in terms of lightness but also strength, which affects the specific gravity and strength of lightweight concrete. In addition, the surface dry specific gravity of the lightweight fine aggregate manufactured at the above temperature is approximately 1.0 to 1.3.
【００１１】黒曜石又は真珠岩の焼成温度が１０００℃
未満では、発泡量が不足し表乾比重が大きいために、こ
れを使用したモルタルと軽量粗骨材との比重差が大きく
なり軽量粗骨材が浮上し強度低下に繋がることとなるの
で好ましくない。なお、本発明において、軽量粗骨材の
浮上を防ぐため、モルタルと軽量粗骨材との比重差は
０．４以下であることが好ましい。一方、黒曜石又は真
珠岩の焼成温度が１２００℃を越えると、過発泡になっ
ており、骨材としての強度が著しく低くなるために高強
度の軽量コンクリートが得られない。比重および強度の
点から、好ましい焼成温度は１０５０〜１１５０℃であ
る。Sintering temperature of obsidian or perlite is 1000 ° C.
If it is less, the foaming amount is insufficient and the surface dry specific gravity is large, so that the difference in specific gravity between the mortar and the lightweight coarse aggregate using the same becomes large, and the lightweight coarse aggregate floats and leads to a decrease in strength, which is not preferable. . In the present invention, in order to prevent the floating of the lightweight coarse aggregate, the specific gravity difference between the mortar and the lightweight coarse aggregate is preferably 0.4 or less. On the other hand, if the sintering temperature of obsidian or perlite exceeds 1200 ° C., the foam is overfoamed and the strength of the aggregate is extremely low, so that high-strength lightweight concrete cannot be obtained. From the viewpoint of specific gravity and strength, a preferable firing temperature is 1050 to 1150 ° C.
【００１２】なお、本発明で使用する軽量細骨材の粒度
分布は「ＪＩＳ Ａ ５００２（構造用軽量コンクリー
ト骨材）」の規定に適合するものが好ましい。The particle size distribution of the lightweight fine aggregate used in the present invention preferably complies with the provisions of "JIS A 5002 (light structural concrete aggregate)".
【００１３】本発明で使用する軽量粗骨材は、表乾比重
が１．１〜１．３で、かつＲａｍｏｓの式から求めた圧
縮強度が２５Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上のものである。Ｒａｍｏｓ
の式は、（１）式で表される式であり、軽量粗骨材の圧
縮強度は、モルタルおよび該モルタルと圧縮強度を求め
ようとする軽量粗骨材を組み合わせたコンクリートの圧
縮強度から、（１）式で計算される。 σａ＝ｎ・σｃ／（１−（σｃ／σｍ）・（１−ｎ）） σａ：軽量粗骨材の圧縮強度 σｃ：コンクリートの圧縮強度 σｍ：モルタルの圧縮強度 ｎ ：コンクリート中の軽量粗骨材の絶対容積比 軽量粗骨材の圧縮強度が２５Ｎ／ｍｍ2未満では骨材と
しての強度が低いために高強度の軽量コンクリートが得
られない。軽量粗骨材の表乾比重が１．３を越えると軽
量コンクリートの気乾比重を１．４以下にするには単位
セメント量を少なくするか、又は軽量細骨材の量を増加
させなければならないことになり、それらのことがマト
リックスの強度低下、つまりは軽量コンクリートの強度
低下に繋がることとなるので好ましくない。軽量粗骨材
の表乾比重が１．１未満では、モルタルとの比重差が大
きくなり軽量粗骨材が浮上し強度低下に繋がることとな
るので好ましくない。The lightweight coarse aggregate used in the present invention has a surface specific gravity of 1.1 to 1.3 and a compressive strength of at least 25 N / mm 2 determined by the Ramos equation. Ramos
Is a formula represented by the formula (1), and the compressive strength of the lightweight coarse aggregate is obtained from the compressive strength of mortar and concrete combining the mortar and the lightweight coarse aggregate for which the compressive strength is to be obtained. It is calculated by equation (1). σa = n · σc / (1- (σc / σm) · (1-n)) σa: Compressive strength of lightweight coarse aggregate σc: Compressive strength of concrete σm: Compressive strength of mortar n: Lightweight coarse bone in concrete If the compressive strength of the lightweight coarse aggregate is less than 25 N / mm 2 , a high-strength lightweight concrete cannot be obtained because the strength as the aggregate is low. If the surface dry specific gravity of the lightweight coarse aggregate exceeds 1.3, the amount of unit cement must be reduced or the amount of light fine aggregate must be increased to reduce the air dry specific gravity of lightweight concrete to 1.4 or less. This is not preferable, since these lead to a reduction in the strength of the matrix, that is, a reduction in the strength of the lightweight concrete. When the surface dry specific gravity of the lightweight coarse aggregate is less than 1.1, the difference in specific gravity from the mortar becomes large, and the lightweight coarse aggregate floats, leading to a decrease in strength.
【００１４】本発明の軽量粗骨材を例示すれば、特願平
８−８９９４０号公報に開示される超軽量骨材の製造方
法において、流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物、発泡剤および粘着
材を混合、造粒して得られるペレットを７５０〜８５０
℃で焼成し発泡して得られる人工軽量粗骨材や、特願平
８−８９９４０号公報に開示される超軽量骨材の製造方
法よって得られた人工軽量粗骨材を、水／セメント比が
２５重量％程度のペーストで０．５〜１ｍｍの厚さに被
覆した造粒物等を挙げることができる。As an example of the lightweight coarse aggregate of the present invention, in the method of manufacturing an ultralight aggregate disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-89940, a rhyolite-based vitreous mineral, a foaming agent and an adhesive are used. The pellets obtained by mixing and granulating are 750 to 850
The artificial lightweight coarse aggregate obtained by firing and foaming at ℃ and the artificial lightweight coarse aggregate obtained by the manufacturing method of the ultra-light aggregate disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-89940 have a water / cement ratio. Of granules coated with a paste of about 25% by weight to a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm.
【００１５】上記人工軽量粗骨材にペーストを被覆した
造粒物は、例えば、特願平８−８９９４０号公報に開示
される超軽量骨材の製造方法よって得られた人工軽量粗
骨材と水／セメント比が２５重量％のペースト（減水剤
をセメントに対して１．０〜２．０重量％添加するのが
好ましい）をミキサーで１〜３分間混練することにより
得られる。なお、この造粒物は、被覆直後のものを用い
てもよいし、養生してペーストが硬化したものを用いて
もよい。The granulated material obtained by coating the paste on the artificial lightweight coarse aggregate is, for example, an artificial lightweight coarse aggregate obtained by a method for manufacturing an ultra-light aggregate disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-89940. It is obtained by kneading a paste having a water / cement ratio of 25% by weight (preferably adding a water reducing agent to the cement in an amount of 1.0 to 2.0% by weight) with a mixer for 1 to 3 minutes. The granulated product may be a product immediately after coating, or a product obtained by curing and hardening a paste.
【００１６】本発明で使用するセメントとしては、普通
・早強・中庸熱ポルトランドセメント、高炉・フライア
ッシュセメント等が、減水剤としては、メラミン系、ナ
フタレンスルホン酸系、ポリカルボン酸系の減水剤等が
挙げられる。また、混練水は通常用いられる水道水が挙
げられる。As the cement used in the present invention, ordinary / early strong / medium heat Portland cement, blast furnace / fly ash cement, etc., and as the water reducing agent, melamine type, naphthalene sulfonic acid type and polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent. And the like. The kneading water includes tap water which is usually used.
【００１７】本発明の軽量コンクリートの配合条件は、
単位セメント量が３５０〜４５０ｋｇ／ ｍ3、水／セメ
ント比が２５〜３５重量％、黒曜石又は真珠岩の粉砕物
を１０００〜１２００℃で焼成して発泡させた軽量細骨
材がセメントに対して８０〜１３５重量％、表乾比重が
１．１〜１．３でかつＲａｍｏｓの式から求めた圧縮強
度が２５Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上である軽量粗骨材がセメントに
対して８０〜１３５重量％であることが好ましい。The compounding conditions of the lightweight concrete of the present invention are as follows:
A lightweight fine aggregate obtained by baking and crushing crushed obsidian or perlite at 1000 to 1200 ° C. to form a cement with a unit cement amount of 350 to 450 kg / m 3 , a water / cement ratio of 25 to 35% by weight, 80 to 135% by weight, a lightweight coarse aggregate having a surface dry specific gravity of 1.1 to 1.3 and a compressive strength of 25 N / mm 2 or more determined by the Ramos equation is 80 to 135% by weight based on cement. Preferably, there is.
【００１８】本発明において、単位セメント量は３５０
〜４５０ｋｇ／ ｍ3であることが好ましい。単位セメン
ト量が３５０ｋｇ／ ｍ3未満では、軽量コンクリートの
強度が低下するので好ましくない。単位セメント量が４
５０ｋｇ／ ｍ3を越えると、軽量コンクリートの気乾比
重が大きくなったり、又はモルタルと軽量粗骨材との比
重差が大きくなり軽量粗骨材が浮上して強度低下に繋が
ることとなるので好ましくない。In the present invention, the unit cement amount is 350
It is preferably ~450kg / m 3. If the unit cement amount is less than 350 kg / m 3 , the strength of the lightweight concrete decreases, which is not preferable. Unit cement amount is 4
If it exceeds 50 kg / m 3 , the specific gravity of air-drying of the lightweight concrete increases, or the difference in specific gravity between the mortar and the lightweight coarse aggregate increases, and the lightweight coarse aggregate floats and leads to a decrease in strength. Absent.
【００１９】本発明において、水／セメント比は２５〜
３５重量％であることが好ましい。水／セメント比が２
５重量％未満では、多量の減水剤を使用せざる得なくな
り強度低下に繋がることとなるので好ましくない。水／
セメント比が３５重量％を越えると、マトリックスの強
度が低下するため好ましくない。In the present invention, the water / cement ratio is from 25 to
Preferably, it is 35% by weight. Water / cement ratio is 2
If it is less than 5% by weight, a large amount of water reducing agent must be used, which leads to a decrease in strength, which is not preferable. water/
If the cement ratio exceeds 35% by weight, the strength of the matrix decreases, which is not preferable.
【００２０】軽量細骨材のセメントに対する割合（軽量
細骨材／セメント）は８０〜１３５重量％であることが
好ましい。その割合が８０重量％未満では軽量化を図る
ために軽量粗骨材の配合割合を増加しなければならず強
度低下に繋がることとなったり、又はモルタルと軽量粗
骨材との比重差が大きくなり軽量粗骨材が浮上して強度
低下に繋がることとなるので好ましくない。また、１３
５重量％を越えるとマトリックスの強度が低下するため
好ましくない。The ratio of the lightweight fine aggregate to the cement (light fine aggregate / cement) is preferably 80 to 135% by weight. If the proportion is less than 80% by weight, the mixing ratio of the lightweight coarse aggregate must be increased in order to reduce the weight, leading to a decrease in strength, or the specific gravity difference between the mortar and the lightweight coarse aggregate is large. This is not preferable because the lightweight coarse aggregate floats and leads to a decrease in strength. Also, 13
If it exceeds 5% by weight, the strength of the matrix decreases, which is not preferable.
【００２１】軽量粗骨材のセメントに対する割合（軽量
粗骨材／セメント）は８０〜１３５重量％であることが
好ましい。その割合が８０重量％未満では軽量化を図る
ために軽量細骨材の配合割合を増加しなければならずマ
トリックスの強度低下に繋がることとなるので好ましく
ない。また、１３５重量％を越えると軽量コンクリート
の強度が低下するので好ましくない。The ratio of the lightweight coarse aggregate to the cement (light coarse aggregate / cement) is preferably 80 to 135% by weight. If the proportion is less than 80% by weight, the proportion of the lightweight fine aggregate must be increased in order to reduce the weight, which leads to a decrease in the strength of the matrix, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 135% by weight, the strength of the lightweight concrete decreases, which is not preferable.
【００２２】減水剤の使用量はセメントに対して１．０
〜４．０重量％が好ましい。使用量が１．０重量％未満
では減水効果が少なく水量が多くなり強度が低下するの
で好ましくない。４．０重量％を越えても強度が低下す
るので好ましくない。The amount of water reducing agent used is 1.0 to cement.
~ 4.0 wt% is preferred. If the amount used is less than 1.0% by weight, the water reducing effect is small and the amount of water is increased, and the strength is undesirably reduced. If it exceeds 4.0% by weight, the strength is undesirably reduced.
【００２３】本発明の軽量コンクリートの混練は、従来
より、コンクリートの混練に使用されているミキサー、
例えば、オムニタイプミキサー、パンタイプミキサー、
二軸タイプミキサー等を使用して行う。また、混練時間
は、特に限定されない。The kneading of the lightweight concrete of the present invention is performed by a mixer conventionally used for kneading concrete,
For example, omni type mixer, bread type mixer,
This is performed using a twin-screw type mixer or the like. The kneading time is not particularly limited.
【００２４】成形は、振動締固め等の慣用の手段が採用
できる。Conventional molding means such as vibration compaction can be employed.
【００２５】養生方法としては、気乾養生、湿空養生、
水中養生、加熱促進養生（蒸気養生、オートクレーブ養
生）またはこれらを併用した慣用の手段が採用できる。Curing methods include air-dry curing, wet-air curing,
Underwater curing, heat-promoted curing (steam curing, autoclave curing) or conventional means combining these can be employed.
【００２６】[0026]
【実施例】以下、実施例により本発明を説明する。The present invention will be described below with reference to examples.
【００２７】１．軽量粗骨材 流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物、ＳｉＣ（発泡剤）およびケイ酸
ナトリウム（粘着材）を混合し造粒したのち、７００〜
９００℃で温度を変えて焼成し発泡させて以下の４種類
の軽量粗骨材を調製した。 Ｌ１：表乾比重１．２４、圧縮強度２６．３Ｎ／ｍｍ2 Ｌ２：表乾比重１．１５、圧縮強度２５．２Ｎ／ｍｍ2 Ｌ３：表乾比重０．９５、圧縮強度２３．１Ｎ／ｍｍ2 Ｌ４：表乾比重０．７９、圧縮強度２１．３Ｎ／ｍｍ2 また、上記Ｌ４の軽量粗骨材と水／セメント比が２５重
量％のペースト（減水剤／セメント比が１．５重量％）
をパンタイプミキサー（０．１ｍ3）で２分間混練して
ペーストが被覆した状態の造粒物とし、造粒物同士がく
っつかないように２４時間湿空養生して、軽量粗骨材
（Ｌ５）を調製した。なお、ペースト／粗骨材比（容積
比）＝０．３とした。また、ペーストの被覆厚さは０．
５ｍｍ（５０個の平均）であった。 Ｌ５：表乾比重１．１２、圧縮強度２５．３Ｎ／ｍｍ2 なお、表乾比重と圧縮強度は以下に示す方法で調べた。 表乾比重 「ＪＩＳ Ａ １１３４（構造用軽量粗骨材の比重及び
吸水率試験方法）」に準じて測定した。 圧縮強度 以下に示す材料を用いて、水／セメント比が５０重量
％、細骨材／セメント比が２２５重量％、減水剤／セメ
ント比が１．０重量％の配合のモルタルと、軽量粗骨材
の容積比が４０％で、水／セメント比が５０重量％、細
骨材／セメント比が２２５重量％、減水剤／セメント比
が１．０重量％のコンクリートの圧縮強度（材令２８
日）を測定し、Ｒａｍｏｓの式から、軽量粗骨材の圧縮
強度を求めた。なお、コンクリートの圧縮強度は「ＪＩ
Ｓ Ａ １１０８（コンクリートの圧縮強度試験方
法）」に準じて、モルタルの圧縮強度は「ＪＩＳ Ｒ
５２０１（セメントの物理試験方法 ）」に準じて測定
した。 セメント；早強ポルトランドセメント（日本セメント
製） 細骨材 ；青梅砕砂 減水剤 ；マイティ１５０（花王製） 水 ；水道水 （２）粗骨材以外の材料 セメント ；早強ポルトランドセメント（日本セメント
製） 軽量細骨材；真珠岩を５ｍｍ以下に破砕・粉砕したもの
を以下に示す温度で焼成したもの Ｓ１：焼成温度 ９００℃、表乾比重１．４３ Ｓ２：焼成温度 １０２０℃、表乾比重１．２６ Ｓ３：焼成温度 １１００℃、表乾比重１．２０ Ｓ４：焼成温度 １１８０℃、表乾比重１．０５ Ｓ５：焼成温度 １３００℃、表乾比重０．８２ ；黒曜石を５ｍｍ以下に破砕・粉砕したものを以下に示
す温度で焼成したもの Ｓ６：焼成温度 １０２０℃、表乾比重１．２４ Ｓ７：焼成温度 １１００℃、表乾比重１．１９ 減水剤 ；マイティ１５０（花王製） 水 ；水道水 細骨材の表乾比重は「ＪＩＳ Ａ １１３４（構造用軽
量細骨材の比重及び吸水率試験方法）」に準じて測定し
た。1. Lightweight coarse aggregate After mixing and granulating rhyolite glassy mineral, SiC (foaming agent) and sodium silicate (adhesive), 700 ~
The following four types of lightweight coarse aggregates were prepared by sintering and foaming at 900 ° C. while changing the temperature. L1: Table dry specific gravity 1.24, compressive strength 26.3 N / mm 2 L2: Table dry specific gravity 1.15, compressive strength 25.2 N / mm 2 L3: Table dry specific gravity 0.95, compressive strength 23.1 N / mm 2 L4: Surface dry specific gravity 0.79, compressive strength 21.3 N / mm 2 Also, the above-mentioned lightweight coarse aggregate of L4 and a paste having a water / cement ratio of 25% by weight (a water reducing agent / cement ratio of 1.5% by weight) )
Is kneaded for 2 minutes with a pan-type mixer (0.1 m 3 ) to obtain a granule in a paste-coated state, and is cured for 24 hours by moist air to prevent the granules from sticking to each other. ) Was prepared. The paste / coarse aggregate ratio (volume ratio) was set to 0.3. Further, the coating thickness of the paste is 0.1.
5 mm (average of 50 pieces). L5: Table dry specific gravity 1.12, compressive strength 25.3 N / mm 2 The table dry specific gravity and compressive strength were examined by the following methods. Surface dry specific gravity Measured according to “JIS A 1134 (Test method for specific gravity and water absorption of lightweight coarse aggregate for structure)”. Compressive strength Using the materials shown below, a mortar having a water / cement ratio of 50% by weight, a fine aggregate / cement ratio of 225% by weight, a water reducing agent / cement ratio of 1.0% by weight, and a lightweight coarse bone Compressive strength of concrete having a volume ratio of 40%, a water / cement ratio of 50% by weight, a fine aggregate / cement ratio of 225% by weight, and a water reducing agent / cement ratio of 1.0% by weight (Material No. 28)
) Was measured, and the compressive strength of the lightweight coarse aggregate was determined from the Ramos equation. The compressive strength of concrete is "JI
According to SA 1108 (Method for testing compressive strength of concrete), the mortar has a compressive strength of "JIS R
5201 (physical test method for cement) ". Cement; Early strength Portland cement (Nippon Cement) Fine aggregate; Ome crushed sand water reducer; Mighty 150 (Kao) Water; Tap water (2) Materials other than coarse aggregate Cement; Early strength Portland cement (Nippon Cement) Light fine aggregate; pearlite crushed and crushed to 5 mm or less and fired at the temperature shown below S1: firing temperature 900 ° C, specific gravity at surface dry 1.43 S2: firing temperature 1020 ° C, specific gravity at surface dry 1. 26 S3: Firing temperature 1100 ° C, surface dry specific gravity 1.20 S4: Firing temperature 1180 ° C, surface dry specific gravity 1.05 S5: Firing temperature 1300 ° C, surface dry specific gravity 0.82; Obsidian was crushed and crushed to 5 mm or less. Sintered at the temperature shown below S6: Sintering temperature 1020 ° C, specific gravity of surface dry 1.24 S7: Sintering temperature 1100 ° C, specific gravity of surface dry 1.19 Water reducing agent; Mighty 150 Kao) water; Table dry density of tap water fine aggregate were measured according to "JIS A 1134 (the specific gravity and the water absorption test method of the structural lightweight fine aggregate)".
【００２８】２．配合条件および混練 軽量コンクリートの配合を表１に示す。混練は、パンタ
イプミキサー（０．１ｍ3）を使用し、各材料をミキサ
ーに投入して、２分間混練した。2. Table 1 shows the mixing conditions and the mixing of the lightweight concrete. For kneading, each material was put into the mixer using a pan-type mixer (0.1 m 3 ) and kneaded for 2 minutes.
【００２９】[0029]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３０】３．成形および養生 混練後、φ１０×２０ｃｍの型枠に軽量コンクリートを
投入し、テーブルバイブレータで振動数４０００ｖｐｍ
の振動を３０秒間加えて成形した。養生は、２４時間湿
空養生（２０℃、８０％ＲＨ）後、脱型し、材令２８日
まで２０℃で水中養生した。3. Molding and curing After kneading, light-weight concrete is poured into a formwork of φ10 × 20 cm, and the vibration frequency is 4000 vpm with a table vibrator.
For 30 seconds. Curing was performed for 24 hours after moist air curing (20 ° C., 80% RH), demolded, and cured in water at 20 ° C. until 28 days of age.
【００３１】４．評価 スランプ 「ＪＩＳ Ａ １１０１（コンクリートのスランプ試験
方法）」に準じて測定した。 気乾比重 養生後のコンクリートの容積と重量を測定し気乾比重を
算出した。気乾比重は、供試体３本の平均値とした。 圧縮強度 「ＪＩＳ Ａ １１０８（コンクリートの圧縮強度試験
方法）」に準じて測定した。それらの結果を表１に併記
した。4. Evaluation Slump Measured according to "JIS A 1101 (Slump test method for concrete)". Air-Dried Specific Gravity The volume and weight of the cured concrete were measured to calculate the air-dried specific gravity. The air-dry specific gravity was an average value of three test specimens. Compressive strength Measured according to "JIS A 1108 (Method for testing compressive strength of concrete)". The results are shown in Table 1.
【００３２】（実施例１〜９、比較例１〜３）実験の結
果、本発明においては、黒曜石又は真珠岩の粉砕物を１
０００〜１２００℃で焼成して発泡させた軽量細骨材の
使用が、また、表乾比重が１．１〜１．３でかつＲａｍ
ｏｓの式から求めた圧縮強度が２５Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上であ
る軽量粗骨材の使用が、軽量コンクリートの圧縮強度に
対し、好ましい条件であることが確認された。これに対
して、前記以外の軽量骨材では、本発明で意図する４０
Ｎ／ｍｍ2程度の圧縮強度を具備する軽量コンクリート
が得られなかった。(Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3) As a result of the experiment, in the present invention, one crushed obsidian or perlite was used.
The use of a lightweight fine aggregate fired and foamed at 000 to 1200 ° C. and a surface dry specific gravity of 1.1 to 1.3 and Ram
It was confirmed that the use of a lightweight coarse aggregate having a compressive strength of 25 N / mm 2 or more determined from the os formula was a preferable condition for the compressive strength of lightweight concrete. On the other hand, for lightweight aggregates other than those described above, 40
Lightweight concrete having a compressive strength of about N / mm 2 could not be obtained.
【００３３】（実施例１０〜１５、比較例４）実験の結
果、気乾比重が１．４以下で、高圧縮強度（材令２８
日：４０Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上）を発現する軽量コンクリート
に対して、好ましい配合範囲は、（１）単位セメント量
が３５０〜４５０ｋｇ／ ｍ3、（２）水／セメント比が
２５〜３５重量％、（３）セメントに対する軽量細骨材
の割合が８０〜１３５重量％、（４）セメントに対する
軽量粗骨材の割合が８０〜１３５重量％、であることが
判明した。これに対して、水／セメント比が３５重量％
を越える比較例４では、本発明で意図する４０Ｎ／ｍｍ
2程度の圧縮強度を具備する軽量コンクリートが得られ
なかった。(Examples 10 to 15, Comparative Example 4) As a result of the experiment, the air-dry specific gravity was 1.4 or less, and the high compressive strength (material age 28
Days: 40 N / mm 2 or more), the preferred compounding ranges are (1) a unit cement amount of 350 to 450 kg / m 3 , (2) a water / cement ratio of 25 to 35% by weight, It was found that (3) the ratio of lightweight fine aggregate to cement was 80 to 135% by weight, and (4) the ratio of lightweight coarse aggregate to cement was 80 to 135% by weight. In contrast, the water / cement ratio was 35% by weight.
In Comparative Example 4 exceeding 40 N / mm
Lightweight concrete with compressive strength of about 2 could not be obtained.
【００３４】[0034]
【発明の効果】本発明の軽量コンクリートは、気乾比重
が１．４以下と軽量であるにもかかわらず、４０Ｎ／ｍ
ｍ2（材令２８日）以上の高強度を発現するので、非構
造用コンクリート部材や構造用コンクリート部材に対し
て適用することができる。また、建築物の構造部材の断
面積を低減させることができるので材料および施工コス
トも削減することができる。The lightweight concrete of the present invention has an air-drying specific gravity of 1.4 N / m or less despite its light weight of 1.4 or less.
Since it exhibits a high strength of at least m 2 (28 days old), it can be applied to non-structural concrete members and structural concrete members. Further, since the cross-sectional area of the structural member of the building can be reduced, the material and the construction cost can also be reduced.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 釜谷 健悦 東京都江東区清澄１−２−23 日本セメン ト株式会社中央研究所内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kenetsu Kamagai 1-2-23 Kiyosumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo Japan Cement Co., Ltd. Central Research Laboratory
Claims (3)
以下の水、減水剤、黒曜石又は真珠岩の粉砕物を１００
０〜１２００℃で焼成・発泡させた軽量細骨材および表
乾比重が１．１〜１．３で、かつＲａｍｏｓの式から求
めた圧縮強度が２５Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上である軽量粗骨材か
らなる気乾比重が１．４以下で、圧縮強度が４０Ｎ／ｍ
ｍ2以上の軽量コンクリート。Cement with a water / cement ratio of 35% by weight
100 pieces of the following water, water reducing agent, obsidian or perlite
A lightweight fine aggregate fired and foamed at 0 to 1200 ° C. and a light coarse aggregate having a surface dry specific gravity of 1.1 to 1.3 and a compressive strength of 25 N / mm 2 or more determined by the Ramos equation. Air dry specific gravity is 1.4 or less and compressive strength is 40 N / m
m 2 or more of the lightweight concrete.
０．４以下である請求項１記載の軽量コンクリート。2. The lightweight concrete according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity difference between the lightweight coarse aggregate and the mortar portion is 0.4 or less.
ｍ3、水／セメント比が２５〜３５重量％、軽量細骨材
がセメントに対して８０〜１３５重量％、軽量粗骨材が
セメントに対して８０〜１３５重量％である請求項１又
は２記載の軽量コンクリート。3. A unit cement amount of 350 to 450 kg /
m 3, water / cement ratio of 25 to 35 wt%, 80 to 135 wt% weight fine aggregate is based on cement, according to claim 1 lightweight coarse aggregate is 80 to 135% by weight relative to the cement or 2 Lightweight concrete as described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35647996A JP3657721B2 (en) | 1996-12-26 | 1996-12-26 | Lightweight concrete |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35647996A JP3657721B2 (en) | 1996-12-26 | 1996-12-26 | Lightweight concrete |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10194813A true JPH10194813A (en) | 1998-07-28 |
| JP3657721B2 JP3657721B2 (en) | 2005-06-08 |
Family
ID=18449227
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35647996A Expired - Fee Related JP3657721B2 (en) | 1996-12-26 | 1996-12-26 | Lightweight concrete |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3657721B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100568932B1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2006-04-07 | 한국후라이애쉬시멘트공업(주) | Composition of Lightweight / Foamed Concrete and Method of Making Same |
| CN102245529A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2011-11-16 | 罗格莱恩有限责任公司 | Lightweight concrete containing aggregates of cement-bonded foamed polystyrene, procedure of making the same and building structures made from this lightweight concrete |
| CN105819767A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-03 | 鲁涛 | Lightweight aggregate concrete |
| CN107586068A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-16 | 中国电建集团铁路建设有限公司 | A kind of construction method of column concrete and concrete column |
| CN107601936A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-01-19 | 长江师范学院 | A kind of concrete light aggregate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107973564A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-01 | 颍上继红混凝土有限公司 | A kind of building site building concrete |
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| CN103121309A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-05-29 | 贵州建工集团第四建筑工程有限责任公司 | Constraint blended aggregate structure and manufacture method thereof |
| CN105174849B (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-05-31 | 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 | Simple grain level porous ceramicite concrete and preparation method thereof |
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1996
- 1996-12-26 JP JP35647996A patent/JP3657721B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100568932B1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2006-04-07 | 한국후라이애쉬시멘트공업(주) | Composition of Lightweight / Foamed Concrete and Method of Making Same |
| CN102245529A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2011-11-16 | 罗格莱恩有限责任公司 | Lightweight concrete containing aggregates of cement-bonded foamed polystyrene, procedure of making the same and building structures made from this lightweight concrete |
| CN105819767A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-03 | 鲁涛 | Lightweight aggregate concrete |
| CN107586068A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-16 | 中国电建集团铁路建设有限公司 | A kind of construction method of column concrete and concrete column |
| CN107586068B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2020-04-14 | 中国电建集团铁路建设有限公司 | Upright column concrete and construction method of concrete upright column |
| CN107601936A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-01-19 | 长江师范学院 | A kind of concrete light aggregate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107601936B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2020-04-14 | 长江师范学院 | Concrete lightweight aggregate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107973564A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-01 | 颍上继红混凝土有限公司 | A kind of building site building concrete |
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