JPS6223093A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention provides an electronic device equipped with a key press assignment device that assigns a key pressed on a keyboard to one of a plurality of musical tone generation channels smaller than the number of keys. Regarding musical instruments.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, in this type of electronic musical instrument, when a new key is pressed while all musical tone generation channels are generating musical tones, assignment processing has been performed in the following manner.

That is, the first method, as shown in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 52-25613, compares the envelope waveform amplitude values for controlling the volume level of musical tones in each musical tone generation channel and determines which envelope waveform amplitude value is the smallest. Detects the musical sound generation channel (that is, the one with the lowest volume level) and assigns the newly pressed key to the detected musical sound generation channel.In this channel, the newly pressed key is handled instead of the musical sound that was previously generated. It generates musical tones. The second method, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-22238, is that each time the key assigned to each musical tone generation channel is released, 413! By uniformly increasing the count value for all musical sound generation channels in the current state, the order of key release for each musical tone generation channel is displayed based on the count value, and then the count values for each musical tone generation channel are compared. and the count value is the largest (
In other words, the oldest (released) musical tone generation channel is detected, the newly pressed key is assigned to this detected musical tone generation channel, and in this channel, the newly pressed key is played in place of the previously generated musical tone. It generates musical tones corresponding to the following.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional electronic musical instruments, when a new key is pressed while all musical sound generation channels are generating musical tones, the musical tone at the lowest volume level or the musical tone of the oldest key released is always generated. Since musical tones corresponding to newly pressed keys are generated in the musical sound generation channel that is being used, for example, as in piano performance, sounds in the high range can be played rapidly while retaining the lingering sound of the low range sounds one after another. It is not possible to obtain a performance effect that would

In other words, in this kind of performance operation, a key in the low range is first pressed and released, and then keys in the high range are pressed one after another, so that when a new key in the high range is pressed, the low range key is pressed and released. The musical tone in the range is judged to be at the lowest volume level,
Or, it is determined that the musical tone in the lower register is related to the key that was released the oldest, and the musical tone in the lower register is forcibly erased (sounding stops), resulting in the same performance effect as the piano performance described above. will no longer be obtained.

In this way, with conventional electronic musical instruments, certain musical tones (not limited to musical tones in the low range) generated from all musical sound generation channels can be generated regardless of the volume level or the order in which the keys are released. Even if one tried to prioritize the continuation of pronunciation, it was impossible to do so, and there were constraints on the performance effect.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problem, and when a new key is pressed while musical tones are being generated in all musical tone generating channels, a musical tone is generated at the same speed and attenuating. To provide an electronic musical instrument in which musical tones belonging to a predetermined range can continue to be generated by assigning them to channels other than those generating musical sounds belonging to a predetermined range among musical sound generation channels. It is something.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve this problem, the structural features of the present invention, as shown in FIG. a musical sound generating means 2 having a generation channel, each of which generates a musical tone of a pitch corresponding to a key assigned to the channel; an allocating means 3 for allocating a new key to one of the plurality of musical tone generation channels; Assignment channel instructing means 4 for instructing the assigning means 3 to select any one of the plurality of musical tone generating channels that is generating a decaying musical tone as the musical tone generating channel to which a key is to be assigned. In the electronic musical instrument, a detecting means 5 for detecting a musical tone generating channel to which a key belonging to a predetermined range is assigned at least among the musical tone generating channels generating the attenuating musical tone; Based on the detection by the detection means 5, the assigned channel instruction means 4 instructs a musical tone generation channel other than the musical tone generation channel to which the key belonging to the predetermined tone range is assigned.
This is because a control means 6 is provided for controlling the operation.

[Function and effect of the invention]

In this invention configured as described above, the detection means 5
detects a musical tone generation channel to which a key to a predetermined range is assigned from among the musical tone ordering channels generating at least a musical tone that is attenuating, and based on this detection, the control means 6 controls the channel instruction means 4. Then, the channel instructing means 4 instructs the assigning means 3 to select a musical tone generating channel other than the musical tone generating channel to which keys belonging to the predetermined range are assigned as the musical tone generating channel to which the newly pressed key is to be assigned. Therefore, when a new key is pressed on the keyboard 1 while all of the musical sound generating channels of the musical sound generating means 2 are generating musical tones, the allocating means 3 assigns the same speed to the decaying musical sound. Among the musical sound generating channels that are being generated, the musical sound generating channels other than the detected musical sound generating channel are assigned.

As a result, even if the performer presses a key quickly on the keyboard in an electronic musical instrument where the number of musical sound generation channels that can be sounded simultaneously is smaller than the number of keys, the predetermined tone range that is being attenuated by pressing a new key can be adjusted. The musical tone belonging to the musical tone continues to be produced without disappearing. Therefore, if the above-mentioned predetermined range is, for example, a low range, the newly pressed key will be assigned to the musical sound generation channel that is producing the attenuated sound in the high range, so that the lingering sound of the low range musical sound can be heard in the piano performance. It is possible to generate musical tones one after another by pressing keys quickly in the high range while maintaining the treble range. In this case, by setting the decay time of the musical tones in the low range to be longer than the decay time of the musical tones in the high range, a performance effect that is more similar to that of a piano performance can be obtained. Furthermore, if the above-mentioned predetermined range is, for example, a high range or a middle range, it is possible to perform a performance in which musical tones in the high range or middle range are continued while musical sounds in the remaining range are sounded one after another by rapidly pressing keys. Become. Furthermore, in electronic musical instruments commonly called music synthesizers,
It is also possible to perform a normal performance while continuing to generate musical tones like sound effects in the low, middle, or high range, and enjoy unprecedented performance effects.

〔Example〕

a. Configuration Example To explain the present invention in detail below, FIG. 2 schematically shows an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. an operator group 11 consisting of a plurality of operators, a musical tone generating circuit 12 that generates musical tone signals, and a microcomputer section 13 that inputs the states of the keyboard 10 and the operator group 11 and controls the musical tone generating circuit 12. We are prepared.

The keyboard 10 has a plurality of keys for specifying the pitch of musical tones to be generated, and a key switch circuit 10
Close the key switches provided corresponding to each key in a. The key switch circuit 10a is connected to the microcomputer section 13 via a bus 14. Operator group 1
Each operator of 1 is operated by the operator switch circuit 1.
The opening/closing of the switch for selecting a tone provided corresponding to each operator in 1a or the position of the volume for determining the volume is set. The operator switch circuit 11a is connected to the microcomputer section 13 via a bus 14.

The musical tone generation circuit 12 has N musical tone generation channels, which are smaller than the number of keys on the keyboard 10, and each musical tone generation channel has the following characteristics:
Musical tone signals with pitch frequencies, timbres, and envelopes specified by the key data and operator data supplied from the microcomputer unit 13 via the bus 14 are generated, and are sounded as musical tones from the speaker 16 via the amplifier 15. , and at the end of the sound generation, a sound generation end signal DF is supplied to the microcomputer section 13 via the bus 14. In this case, if a sustained tone such as flute or violin is selected by the operator group 11, the musical sound generation channel will rise rapidly at the same time as the key is pressed on the keyboard 10, and will maintain a substantially constant level while the key is pressed. After the key is released, a musical sound signal with an envelope that gradually attenuates is generated, and when the level of the musical sound signal due to the attenuation becomes approximately zero, a sound generation end signal DF and a sound generation end channel indicating the number of the channel where sound generation has ended are generated. Output data DFch. Furthermore, if a damping tone such as piano or guitar is selected by the operator group 11, the musical sound generation channel will rise rapidly at the same time as the key is pressed on the keyboard 10, and when it reaches a certain level, it will gradually start up regardless of the key release. This attenuation continues while the key is being pressed, and when the key is released during the attenuation, a musical sound signal with an envelope that rapidly attenuates from that point on is generated, and these attenuations cause the level of the musical sound signal to increase. When the signal reaches approximately zero, a sound generation end signal DF and sound generation end channel data DFch indicating the number of the channel where sound generation has ended are output. In addition, in this embodiment, the rise time constant and decay time constant of these envelope shapes are set longer for low notes than for high notes, so the decay time of low notes is equal to the decay time of high notes, similar to piano sounds etc. It's relatively long. Note that the number N of musical tone generation channels is set in advance from several to more than ten.

The microcomputer unit 13 includes a read-only memory (hereinafter simply referred to as ROM) 13a that stores programs corresponding to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 to 8 and constants necessary for executing the programs, and a central processing unit that executes the programs. A device (hereinafter simply referred to as CPU) 13b,
It is equipped with a writable memory (hereinafter simply referred to as RAM) 13C that temporarily stores various variables necessary to execute this program, which will be described later, and serves as a working memory. By executing the programs shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the state of the keys of the keyboard 10 and the state of the operators of the operator group 11 are observed, and various data processed according to these conditions are supplied to the musical tone generation circuit 12. It controls the generation of musical tones, and executes the included program shown in FIG. 8 in response to the arrival of the sound generation end signal DF from the musical sound generation circuit 12 to perform processing associated with the end of sound generation of the data stored in the RAM 13C. In addition, ROM13a, CPU1
3b and RAM 13C are connected to bus 14.

The RAM 13C includes a key code register area KCR (FIG. 3A) that stores key name data (key codes) representing keys assigned to each musical tone generating channel of the musical tone generating circuit 12, and a key code register area KCR (FIG. 3A) that stores key name data (key codes) representing keys assigned to each musical tone generating channel of the musical tone generating circuit 12, and A channel status register area CH3R (FIG. 3B) that stores channel status data representing the status, and an assignment channel that stores assignment designation channel data for specifying the channel to which a newly pressed key on the keyboard 10 is to be assigned. Register area ACHR (Figure 3C) and keyboard 10
A key press and operation detection register area KOR (Fig. 3D) used for key press detection and operation detection of the operator group 11, and a general register area GNR (Fig. 3E) used for channel assignment processing and other processes. ) are divided into areas.

Further, the key code register area KCR (FIG. 3A) includes N key code registers KCR(1) and KCR(2) corresponding to each musical tone generating channel of the musical tone generating circuit 12.
), ...KCR(N), and each key code register KCR(1), KCR(2), ...KCR(
N) are the corresponding musical tone generation channels (chi to ch
A key code KC representing the key assigned to N) is stored. In this embodiment, the key code KC takes on a value that becomes smaller as the bass pitch becomes smaller and becomes larger as the pitch becomes higher, and does not take the value of all bits being "1".

The channel status register area CH3R (Fig. 3B) has N channel status registers CHSR(11, CHSR(2), . . . C) corresponding to each tone generation channel.
HSR(N), each channel status register CHS
R(1), CHS R(2), ...CHS
R(N) stores channel state data representing the states of keys assigned to each tone generation channel of the tone generation circuit 12 for each channel. This channel state data indicates that the assigned key is being pressed when its most significant bit MSB is "0", and its value is "1".
'' indicates that the key is being released, and as the value of the lower bits increases, it indicates that the assigned key is old and has been pressed or released.

The assigned channel register area ACHR (FIG. 3C) contains assigned channel number data A indicating the number of the musical tone generation channel to which the next key pressed on the keyboard 10 is assigned.
Assigned channel number register ACH that stores CHN
NR, and an assigned channel status register ACHDR for storing assigned channel status data ACHD regarding the tone generation channel indicated by the assigned channel number data ACHN.

The key press and operation detection register area KOR (Figure 3D) is
It consists of a plurality of bits each corresponding to each key of the keyboard 10,
Each bit is “1” or “0” representing the press or release of each key.
It has a key state memory KEYMEM that stores data of ", and a plurality of storage positions corresponding to each switch and each volume of the operator group 11, and each stores the opening/closing state data of the corresponding switch or the position data of the volume. It has a control state memory SWMEM and an event data register group EVTR consisting of a plurality of registers for storing key press event data of the keyboard 10 or control event data of the control group 11.

The general register area GNP (Fig. 3E) is
Pointer register P serves as a pointer to sequentially update channel numbers during execution of the "low frequency channel search" program and the "assigned channel search" program.
R and a lower boundary key code LK that represents the key corresponding to the lower boundary of the range in which you want the attenuated sound of the musical tone to continue as it is.
a lower boundary key code register LKCR that stores C;
Upper boundary key code register U that stores an upper boundary key code UKC representing a key corresponding to the upper boundary of the same pitch range
It consists of a KCR and a group of registers for storing other variables necessary for processing by the microcomputer section 13.

b. Basic Operation The basic operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be explained using the flowchart shown in FIG. 4. When the power is turned on, the CPU 13b starts executing the program from step 20 in FIG. In step 21, the RAM 13C is initialized. In this initial setting, the key state memory K
All bits of EYMEM, event data register group EVTR, pointer register PR and other registers are “0”.
.

All key code registers KCR(1), KC
R(2), ...KCR(N), all channel status register CHS R(1), CHS RT2)
, . . . All bits of CH3R(N) and assigned channel status register ACHDR are set to "1", assigned channel number register ACHNR is set to "1", and lower boundary key code register LKCR and upper boundary key code register are set to "1". Each UKCH has ROM13a in advance.
The lower boundary key code LKC and the upper boundary key code UKC stored in are respectively stored. In this embodiment, the lower boundary key code LKC is the key code KC representing the lowest key of 1!1110, and the upper boundary key code UKC is the key code KC representing the lowest key of 1!1110, and the upper boundary key code UKC is the key code KC representing the lowest key of 1!1110.
This is a key code that represents a key that is about an octave higher. Then, in the operator status memo IJsWMEM, data representing the operation/child status of the operator group 11 is written in accordance with the operator status signal supplied from the operator switch circuit 11a.
This data is also supplied to the musical tone generating circuit 12 to preset the tone, volume, etc. of the musical tone to be generated.

After the above-mentioned initial settings, the CPU 13b advances the program to the key processing routine of step 22, and in this routine, by executing a program corresponding to the flowcharts of FIGS. 5 to 7, which will be described later, the CPU 13b Alternatively, the generation of musical tones by the musical tone generating circuit 12 is controlled in response to key release.

Next, the program proceeds to steps 23 and 24, where the microcomputer section 13 detects the operator status of the operator group 11 and outputs the detection result to the musical tone generating circuit 12 to control the tone, volume, etc. of the musical tone. In step 23, the CPU
3b inputs data representing the open/closed state of each switch in the operator switch circuit 11a and the set position of the volume as new operator data for the operator group 11, and stores these input data and the operator status memory SWMEM. The old control data for each control is compared with the old control data for each control, and only if the two data are different, it is assumed that the control related to the data has been operated, and the new control data for the same control is stored in the control state memory SWMEM. At the same time, the same-place operator data is written to the register of the event data register group EVTR as operator event data.

In step 24, the CPU 13b checks whether there is data in the event data register group EVTR, and if there is data, outputs this data to the musical tone generation circuit 12, and then erases the output data in the event data register group EVTR. The above operation is repeated until there is no more data in the event data register group EVTR, and all operator event data is sent out. Note that if the new and old controller data regarding all the controllers match in step 23, the rewriting and output of the controller data is not executed.

After the processing of steps 23 and 24, the program returns to step 22, and the CPU 13b repeatedly executes each processing of steps 22 to 24 to control the musical tone generation circuit 12 to generate musical tones according to the states of the keyboard IO and the operator group 11. Control.

C0 key processing operation Next, the key processing routine will be described in detail.
starts executing the program from step 30 in FIG. 5, and detects key presses and key releases on the keyboard 10 at step 31. In the process of step 31, the CPU 13b sequentially scans each key switch in the key switch circuit 10a from the low tone side or the high tone side, and through this scanning, the open/close status signal of each key switch is converted into the new key status data of the keyboard 10. These input data are compared with the heavy speed state data stored in the key state memory KEYMEM for each key to detect changes in the key depression state on the keyboard 10. That is, when the new key state data is "1" and the heavy speed state data is "O", the CPU 3b detects that a new key has been pressed on the keyboard 10, and the new key state is Data “1” is written to the memory location corresponding to the newly pressed key in the key status memory KEYMEM, and the key code KC representing the same speed and identification data representing that the key is newly pressed are written to the key press event. It is written as data to the register of the event data register group EVTR.

Further, when the new key state data is "0" and the heavy bell state data is "1", the CPU 13b detects that a new key has been released on the keyboard 10, and the new key state data "O
” is written in the memory location corresponding to the newly released key in the key status memory KEYMEM, and the key code KC representing the same temperature and the identification data representing that the key has been newly released are generated as key release event data. Write to the register of the data register group EVTR.The above key code K
C is determined by a scan counter (not shown) which sequentially specifies the key switch corresponding to each key in the scan. When the state detection of all the keys on the keyboard 10 is completed through such scanning, key press event data or key release data corresponding to the keys whose state has changed from the time of the previous execution of step 31 to the current execution of step 31 is detected. All event data will be stored in the event data register group EVTR.

The program then proceeds to step 32.33 where the CPU
13b determines in step 32.33 whether a key press or key release event has occurred based on the contents of the event data register group EVTR. If there is no change in the status of each key on the keyboard 10, the CPU 13b determines "No" in steps 32 and 33, ends the execution of the key processing routine in step 34, and returns to step 23 in FIG. Move.

When a new key is pressed on the keyboard 10, the CPU 13b registers the event data register group EVTR in step 32.
rY due to the existence of key press event data stored in
Esj is determined, and the program proceeds to steps 35a to 35.
Proceed to the key press event routine consisting of step d. CPU13
b is the event data register group E in step 35a.
The key code KC in one key press event data read from the VTR, the key-on data KON indicating that this key code KC relates to a key press, and the assigned channel stored in the assigned channel number register ACHNR. Number data ACHN (in the initial state, “1”
") is output to the musical tone generating circuit 12, and the musical tone generating channel corresponding to the same number data ACHN of the musical tone generating circuit 12 starts generating a musical tone signal of the pitch specified by the key code KC. . At this time, if the same musical tone generating channel is already generating another musical tone signal, generation of this other musical tone signal is stopped and generation of a musical tone signal of the specified pitch is started.

In addition, in order to prevent the occurrence of a click sound due to switching from another musical tone signal to a musical tone signal of a newly specified pitch as described above, the above switching is performed after the other musical tone signals are rapidly attenuated. It is better to do this. Next, the program proceeds to step 35b, and the CPU 13b assigns the key code KC outputted above to the key code register KC specified by the channel number data ACHN.
After storing it in R (A CHN), in step 35c, all bits of the channel status register CHSR (ACHN) specified by the same number data ACHN are set to "O", and the key press event after the above processing is completed. Erase data from event data register group EVTR. After the processing in step 35C, the CPU 13b registers the channel status registers CH3R(1) and CH3R(2) in step 35d.
, ..., the most significant bit M of CH3R(N)
All channel status registers CH whose SB is “0”
Add "1" to the data of 3R. As a result, the smaller the value of the data in the channel state register CH3R during the key depression, the more it indicates that the key was depressed later. After the key press event routine in steps 35a to 35d described above is completed, the CPLII 3b calls a "low range channel search" subroutine to be described later in step 40, and detects a musical sound generating channel that is generating a musical sound belonging to the low range. Then, in step 50, an "assigned channel search" subroutine to be described later is called, and assigned channel number data ACHN to which the next key to be pressed is assigned is stored in the assigned channel number register ACHNR, and the process proceeds to step 32. In step 32, the CPU 13b again registers the event data register group EVT in the same way as above.
Check the presence or absence of key press event data stored in R,
If key press event data exists, the key press event routines 35a to 35d are executed to obtain the key press event data (K
C, KON, ACHN) to the musical tone generation circuit 12,
Execute the process of step 40.50. This step 3
2.35a to 35d, 40.50 circulation process,
Since the key press event data corresponding to the output key press key data is erased each time step 35C is passed, all the key press key data of the newly pressed key is transferred to the musical sound generation circuit 1.
2 is output.

On the other hand, after the transmission of the pressed key data is completed or when there is no new key pressed on the keyboard 10 and a new key is released on the keyboard 10, the pressed key event data is stored in the event data register group EVTR. Due to the absence of the key release event data and the presence of the key release event data, the CPU 3b determines "NO" in step 32, rYESJ in step 733, and advances the program to the key release event routine consisting of steps 36a to 36d. . CPUI 3b is step 3
Based on the key code KC in one key release event data read from the event data register group EVTR in step 6a, the key code registers KCR(1), KCR
(2) ,..., register K that stores the same key code KC as the above key code KC from KCR(N)
Find the CR and set the number of the musical tone generation channel corresponding to that register to the key release channel number data 0FFCH.
In step 36b, the musical tone generation circuit 1 outputs key release key data consisting of key release channel number data 0FFCH and key off data KOFF indicating that the key has been released.
Output to 2. The musical tone generation circuit 12 is! 1lti1! The musical tone signal being generated in the musical tone generating channel of the channel number indicated by the channel number data 0FFCH is attenuated by the attenuation time determined by the specified tone color and key code KC based on the key-off data KOFF.

The program then proceeds to steps 36c, 36d, where the CP
In step 36c, U13b sets the channel status register CH3R (OFFCH) specified by the key release channel number data 0FFCH to only the most significant bit MSB.
1" and all remaining bits are set to "0", and the key release event data that has undergone the above processing is erased from the event data register group EVTR. In step 36d, the channel status registers CH3R (1) and CH3R are (2)
, ..., the highest focus M among CH3R(N)
Add "1" to the data of all channel status registers CH3R in which SB is "1" and all bits are not "1".

As a result, the channel status register CH3R during key release
The smaller the value of the data, the later the key was released. After completing the key release event routine of steps 36a to 36d, the CPU 13b performs steps 40 and 50, and then proceeds to step 32. and,
If key release event data remains in the event data register group EVTR, the CPU 13b performs step 3.
2. Execute the programs 33.36a to 36d and 40.50 to perform new key release event processing, and after processing all key release event data, complete the execution of the key processing routine by processing step 34. The process proceeds to step 23 in FIG. 4.

d. Low range channel detection processing operation To explain the "low range channel search" subroutine for detecting a musical sound generating channel that is generating a musical sound that succumbs to the low range, the CPU 13b starts executing the program at step 41 in FIG. Then, in step 42, the pointer register PR is initialized to "0". After the above initial setting processing, the cpU 13b adds "1" to the data in the pointer register PR in step 43 to set the data in the pointer register PR to "1", and in step 44, the cpU 13b adds "1" to the data in the pointer register PR. The first specified
Key code register KC corresponding to musical sound generation channel
The key code KC of R(1) is the lower boundary key code LK
It is determined whether the value is greater than or equal to C and less than or equal to the upper boundary key code UKC. If the first musical tone generation channel is generating a musical tone belonging to the bass range, the CPU 13
b is determined in step 44 that LKC≦KCR'(1)≦UK
Based on C, rYEsJ is determined, and in step 45, the data in the channel status register CH3R(1) is changed to all bits "0", and the program proceeds to step 46. On the other hand, if the first musical tone generation channel is not generating a musical tone belonging to the bass range (generating a musical tone in the mid-to-high range or not generating a musical tone), the CPU 13b returns KCR(1)> in step 44. Based on UKC, it is determined that it is rNOJ, and the program proceeds directly to step 46. CPU1
3b determines whether the data in the pointer register PR is "N" in step 46. In the above case, the data in the pointer register PR is "1", so the CPU
13b determines "NOJ" in step 46, advances the program to step 43, and in step 43 adds "1j" to the data in the pointer register PR,
J, and execute steps 44 to 46 above. Then, the cyclic processing of steps 43 to 46 is executed by sequentially adding "1" to the data in the pointer register PR until the same data becomes rNJ. When the same data becomes rNJ, the CPU 13b in step 46 Based on this determination, the program proceeds to step 47, where the process of the "low range channel search" subroutine ends.

By this N-times cyclic process, all bits of all the channel status registers CH3R corresponding to the musical sound generation channels generating musical sounds belonging to the bass range are set to "O".

e0 Allocation Channel Detection Processing Operation To explain the "allocation channel search" subroutine for determining the musical tone generating channel of the musical tone generating circuit 12 to which the pressed key is to be allocated, the CPU 13b starts executing the program at step 51 in FIG. Step 52
Set the data of pointer register PR to "1" at
In step 53, this data "1" is written to the allocated channel number register ACHNR, and the data "1" is
Channel status register CH3R(1
) to the channel status register ACHDR.
After writing, the program proceeds to step 54. C
In step 54, the PU 13b registers the pointer register PR.
``1'' is added to the data to make it ``2'', and in step 55, the data in the channel status register CH3R (2) specified by this data ``2'' is stored in the assigned channel status register ACHDR. The allocated channel state data ACHD is compared with the allocated channel status data ACHD. In this comparison, if the data in the channel status register CH3R(2) is larger than the assigned channel status data ACHD, the CPU 13b determines rYESJ and writes data "2" in the pointer register PR to the assigned channel number register ACHNR in step 56. , and after writing the data in the channel status register CH3R(2) to the allocated channel status register ACHDR, the program advances to step 57. On the other hand, if the data in the channel state register CH3R(2) is smaller than the assigned channel state data ACHD, the CPU 13b determines "NO" in the comparison at step 55 and directly advances the program to step 57. At step 57, the CPU
I3b determines whether the data in the pointer register PR is rNJ. In the above case, since the data in the pointer register PR is "2", the CPU 13b determines "NO" in step 57, advances the program to step 54, and in step 54, the data in the pointer register PR is set to "2".
``1'' is added to the data to make it ``3'', and the processes of steps 55 to 57 are executed.

Then, the cyclic processing of steps 54 to 57 is executed by sequentially incrementing the data in the pointer register PR by "1" until the same data becomes rNJ. When the same data becomes rNJ, the CPU 3 b returns to step 57. Yes
J is determined, and the program proceeds to step 58, where "allocation c" is determined.
The process of the "h search" subroutine ends. Through this N-1 cycle of steps 54 to 57, all channel status registers CH3R(1), CH3R(2), . . . are stored in the assigned channel status register ACHDR.
, CH3R(N), data indicating the maximum data value is written, and data indicating the channel number of the channel status register CH3R that stores the same data is written into the assigned channel number register ACHNR. At this time, channel status register CH3R(1)
, CHSR(2), . . . , CHSR(N) are all bits "1" when (1) the musical tone generating channel corresponding to each register CH3R in the musical tone generating circuit 12 is not generating a musical tone. (2) If the same channel is generating a musical tone that is decaying after the key is released, the most significant bit MSB is "1" and the remaining bits are old and the key has been released. (3) If the same channel is generating the musical tone being pressed, the most significant bit (MSB) is rOJ and the remaining bits are old and the key is being pressed. If data indicating a large value is stored, and (4) the same channel is generating a musical tone belonging to the bass range, data of all bits "O'" is stored.

Therefore, the assigned channel number data ACHN in the assigned channel number register ACHNR is set when (1) among the N musical tone generating channels of the musical tone generating circuit 12, there is one or more musical tone generating channels that are not generating musical tones; indicates the channel number corresponding to the lowest number among the same channels. 2) All of the above N musical tone generating channels are generating musical tones, excluding musical tone generating channels generating musical tones belonging to the bass range. , if there is one or more musical tone generation channels that are generating the musical tone after the key is released, indicate the channel number of the musical tone generation channel that is generating the musical tone of the oldest key released among the same channels. (3) All of the above N musical sound generation channels are generating musical tones, and all of the musical tone generation channels other than the musical tone generation channels that are generating musical tones in the low range are generating musical tones during key depression. If so, it indicates the channel number of the musical tone generation channel that generates the musical tone of the key that was pressed the oldest among the same channels.

f0 End of sound generation Interrelated processing operation The operation at the end of musical sound generation by each musical sound generation channel of the musical sound generation circuit 12 will be explained.
When the generation of musical tones is completed in any of the musical tone generation channels, it outputs a sound generation end signal DF and sound generation end channel data DFch to the microcomputer section 13. When the microcomputer section 13 receives the signal DF and the data DFch, the CPU 13b interrupts the execution of the programs shown in FIGS. Start and advance the program to steps 61.62.

At step 61.62, the CPU 13b registers the channel status register CH3R (DFch) and key code register KCR specified by the sound generation end channel data DFch.
Write “1” to all bits of (DFch). This is the channel status register CH3R and key code register KC corresponding to the musical tone generation channel that has finished generating musical tones.
This corresponds to the initial setting of R. After processing step 62, CP
The U 13b calls the above-mentioned "assigned channel search" subroutine in step 63 to detect the assigned channel, and in step 64 ends the execution of the "rDF interwoven" program and continues execution of the interrupted program.

The processing in step 63 is performed in the channel state register C whose data has been rewritten in the processing in steps 61 and 62.
This means that the assigned channels are updated again based on H3R and the key code register KCR.

g. Effects of the Embodiment As can be understood from the above explanation of the operation, when a key is pressed on the keyboard 10, the key press processing routine of steps 35a to 35d is executed based on the pressed key data. Accordingly, key code registers KCR(1), KCR(2),
..., KCR(N) and channel status register C
H3R(1), CHSR(2), ..., CHSR
If the data of (N) is rewritten and a key is released on the keyboard 10, step 3 is performed based on the released key data.
By executing the key release processing routines 6°a to 36d, the data in the key code register KCR and channel status register CH3R are rewritten. Then, based on the key code KC stored in the rewritten key code register KCH, steps 41 to 47 are performed.
By executing the "low range channel search" subroutine, a musical sound generating channel that is generating a musical sound belonging to the low range is detected, and the musical sound belonging to the above bass range is generated in the "assigned channel search" subroutine consisting of steps 51 to 58. One of the other musical tone generation channels other than the one in the middle is specified as the assigned channel, and when a new key is pressed on the keyboard 10, this key is assigned to the specified channel. Even if the keys are pressed in a fast playing style like the piano performance mentioned above, the musical sound in the low range that is being generated by the musical sound generation circuit 12 will not be erased, and the sound in the high range will continue to be produced while the sound in the low range is being generated for a long time. You can make multiple sounds one after another.

h. Modifications In the embodiment configured as described above, the following modifications can be considered.

(1) In the assignment process of the above embodiment, a newly pressed key is not assigned to a musical sound generation channel that is currently generating a musical sound belonging to the low range, but instead of this,
A newly pressed key may not be assigned to a musical sound generation channel that generates musical sounds belonging to the high range or the middle range. In this case, in the initial setting process of step 21 in FIG. 4, the CPU 3b inputs a key code KC representing the lowest key of the keyboard 10 and a key code K representing a key approximately one to two octaves higher than this key.
Instead of writing C to the lower boundary key code register LKCR and upper boundary key code register UKCR, respectively, a key code KC representing the highest key of the keyboard 10 and a key code KC representing a key approximately one to two octaves below this key are written. Each upper boundary key code register UKC
R and lower boundary key code register LKCR, or key codes representing keys located in the middle of the keyboard 10 and separated by about 1 to 2 octaves are written in the lower boundary key code register in pitch order. LKCR and upper boundary key code register UKCR may be written. As a result, the range compared in step 44 of FIG. 6 becomes the high range or the middle range, and the newly pressed key is not assigned to a musical sound generation channel that is generating musical sounds belonging to these ranges. Therefore, while sustaining the sound generation of musical tones in the high or middle range, it is possible to successively generate musical tones in the remaining ranges by rapidly pressing keys.

Further, a plurality of such specific sound ranges (for example, a lower key range and an upper key range) may be provided. In this case, the lower boundary key code registers L and KCR and the upper boundary key code register UKCR are each arranged in multiple stages, and the CPU 3
For b, a predetermined key code KC may be stored in each of the registers in the initial setting in step 21, and a comparison calculation for each key range may be performed in the comparison process in step 44. This achieves the same effect as above.

Furthermore, in the above embodiments and modifications, a newly played key is not always assigned to a musical sound generation channel that is currently generating a musical sound belonging to a specific range (low range, middle range, treble range). The performer may be able to arbitrarily select whether or not to perform this assignment prohibition control using a switch or the like. In this case, the CPU 3b executes the process of step 40 in FIG. 5 only when the switch is turned on and the above-mentioned allocation prohibition control is instructed, and when the switch is turned off and the above-mentioned prohibition control is instructed. If the control for prohibiting allocation is not selected, step 40 may be skipped.

(2) In the above embodiments and modifications, the specific range is determined by data stored in the ROM 13a, and the player cannot change this range, but the player can select this range at will. You can also. In this case, the operator group 11 and the operator switch circuit 11a are each provided with an operator for selecting one of a plurality of sound ranges and a range selection switch that is linked to this operator, and the RO
Ml3a stores the lower boundary key code LKC and upper boundary key code UKC of each of the above ranges, and C
PUI 3b is the lower boundary key code LKC that corresponds to the state of the above-mentioned operator in the process of step 21.23 in Fig. 4.
and upper boundary key code UKC are preferably written to lower boundary key code register LKCR and upper boundary key code register UKC, respectively.

Further, the specific range may be specified using the keyboard 10. In this case, the operator group 11 and the operator switch circuit 11a are provided with lower and upper boundary setting operators and switches linked to these operators, respectively.
When the PUI 3b detects the closing of one of the above switches in step 23 of FIG. 4, it executes the program shown in the flowchart of FIG. Note that this program is stored in the ROM 13a. CPU
13b starts execution of the program in step 70, and determines in step 71 whether or not a key is pressed on the keyboard 10. In this judgment, if there is no pressed key on the keyboard 10, the CPU 13b continues to execute the process of step 71, and if there is a pressed key on the keyboard 10, the CPU 13b advances the program to step 72 and executes the process when the closed position is detected. It is determined whether the selected switch is a lower boundary setting switch or an upper boundary setting switch. In this determination, C
When the PU 13b detects that the lower boundary setting switch is closed, in step 73, the PU 13b stores the key code KC representing the key being pressed in the lower boundary key code register LKCR.
When it is detected that the upper boundary setting switch is closed, the key code KC representing the key being pressed is written in the upper boundary key code register UKCR in step 74. Terminates program processing.

According to these variations, the range compared in step 44 of FIG. 6 is the range set by the performer, and the newly pressed key generates a musical sound belonging to this set range. Since it is no longer assigned to a channel, the performer can sustain musical tones in an arbitrarily selected range while successively producing musical tones in the remaining ranges by rapidly pressing keys, and an unprecedented performance effect can be expected.

(3) Also, a modification example in which the specific tone range is automatically set according to the tone of the musical tone generated in the musical tone generation circuit 12, that is, the tone selection operator operated in the operator group 11, will be explained. In this case, the ROM 13a stores a lower boundary key code LKC and an upper boundary key code UKC for each tone, and also stores a program corresponding to the flowchart shown in FIG.

Note that for tones of wind instruments such as flutes and oboes that have short decay times, it is not necessary to continue producing musical tones in a specific range for a long time, so the lower boundary key code LKC and upper boundary key code UKC that specify the above-mentioned specific range are used. is not remembered. In the modified example configured as above,
When the CPU 3b detects the input of a new timbre selection operator in step 21 or step 23 of FIG. It is determined whether the tone color selected according to the type of operator requires designation of a specific tone range. In this determination, CPU1
When step 3b determines that the tone is rYEsJ, that is, the tone requires specification of a specific range, in step 82 the lower boundary key code LKC and the upper boundary key code UKC corresponding to the tone are read from the ROM 13a, and in step 82 After writing these key codes LKC and UKC into the registers LKCRXUKCR in step 83, the program ends in step 85. Also, CPU13
If "b" determines "NO", that is, the selected tone does not require specification of a specific range, step 84
After writing all bits "1" to the registers LKCR and UKCR at step 85, the execution of this program is ended. Both key code registers LKCR and UKC
Writing all bits "1" to R means that no specific range is set. This results in step 44 in FIG.
Since the range to be compared is automatically set according to the timbre generated by the musical tone generation circuit 12, appropriate identification can be performed according to the length of the decay time set corresponding to the timbre. The range will be set.

(4) In the actual embodiment and modification example, "low range c" in FIG.
In the ``h search'' subroutine, a musical tone generating channel that is generating a musical tone belonging to a specific range is detected, and in the ``assigned channel search'' subroutine of FIG. 7, the musical tone generating channel detected in the ``low range ah search'' subroutine is detected. One of the other musical sound generation channels is designated as the assigned channel, and a newly pressed key on the keyboard 10 is assigned to the designated assigned channel, but the "low range channel search" subroutine detecting a musical sound generation channel that is generating a musical sound that does not belong to a specific range or a same channel that is not generating a musical sound,
In the “allocation channel search” subroutine, specify one of these detection channels as the allocated channel,
A newly pressed key on the keyboard 10 may be assigned to the above-described assigned channel. In this case, a flag register is provided in the RAM 13C in FIG. 2 to store a flag indicating whether or not assignment to the same channel is permitted in response to a new key press, corresponding to each musical tone generating channel. In the "ch search" subroutine, set the above flags corresponding to the musical sound generation channels that are generating musical sounds that do not belong to a specific range and the musical sound generation channels that are not generating musical sounds to "1", and set the flags corresponding to the musical sound generation channels that are generating musical sounds that do not belong to a specific range to "1", and Set the corresponding flag above to “0” and
The above flag is set to “1” in the “allocation channel search” subroutine.
'' may be designated as the assigned channel.

(5) In the embodiments and modifications described above, in a state where musical tones are being generated by all the musical tone generating channels of the musical tone generating circuit 12 and there is a musical tone generating channel which is generating musical tones that are attenuating, the keyboard 10 As a condition for assigning a newly pressed key to a musical sound generation channel that is generating a musical sound that is decaying, other than the musical sound generation channel that is generating a musical sound that belongs to the above-mentioned specific range, As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-22238, the tone generation channel that generates the musical tone whose key was released earliest is given a higher allocation priority, but as the above-mentioned allocation condition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 52-25613, the lower the envelope level value of the musical tone generated by the musical tone generating circuit 12, the higher the allocation priority may be. In this case, the CPUI
3b is the musical tone generation circuit 1 when a new key is pressed.
After inputting the envelope level value from each musical sound generation channel other than the musical sound generation channel generating the musical sound belonging to the specific range mentioned above in step 2, and setting the number of the musical sound generation channel with the smallest value as the allocated channel number data ACHN. , the newly pressed key is assigned to the tone generation channel indicated by the same data ACHN.

(6) In the above embodiments and modified examples, when a new key is pressed on the keyboard 10 while all the musical sound generation channels of the musical sound generation circuit 12 are generating the musical sound that is being pressed, the specific sound range is Although we adopted a last-arrival priority system in which new keys are assigned to musical tone generation channels to which previously pressed keys are assigned, all musical tone generation channels except for the musical tone generating channel that generates the musical tone to which it belongs were applied. If the musical tone generation channel is generating the musical tone for which the key is being pressed, the newly pressed key may not be assigned. In this case, when a new key is pressed on the keyboard 10, each channel status register CH3R(1), CH3R(2),
...The most significant bit MSB of CH3R(N) is “O”
”, and if it is “0”, it is preferable to prohibit the assignment of a newly pressed key to a tone generating channel.

(7) In the above embodiment, the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention is configured using a microcomputer, but it is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-25613 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-22238 cited as prior art. It may be configured by a hard logic circuit as shown in FIG. JP-A-52-2
When the present invention is applied to the key press assignment device shown in Publication No. 5613, the value of the key code KC* output from the key code storage circuit 1 shown in FIG. 1 in the same publication is the lower boundary key code LKC. A window comparator that compares and detects whether it is between the upper boundary key code UKC and a change control circuit that changes the envelope amplitude value G supplied to the truncate control circuit 13 based on the result of this comparison are newly installed. The comparator is both key code L above.
The change control circuit detects a channel to which a value between KC and UKC, that is, a key code KC* included in the specific tone range, is assigned, and detects that the tone generation on this detected channel has not finished (circuit 27 The envelope amplitude value G of the channel supplied to the truncate control circuit 13 is forcibly changed to a large value, for example, all bits are "1", on the condition that the envelope amplitude value G of the channel outputted from the truncate control circuit 13 is not rOJ. Just do it.

Furthermore, when the present invention is applied to the key press assignment device shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-22238, the key code KC* output from the shift register 31 shown in FIG.
a window comparator that compares and detects that the value of is between the lower boundary key code LKC and the upper boundary key code UKC, and a control logic circuit that controls the signal NP supplied to the inverter IN4 based on the comparison result. is newly installed, and the above window comparator has both key coats LKC.
, UKC, that is, the channel to which the key code KC* included in the specific tone range is assigned, and the control logic circuit detects the channel to which the key code KC* included in the specific tone range is assigned, and the control logic circuit detects the channel to which the key code KC* included in the specific tone range is assigned. , the above signal is set to NP at “1” at the time division timing indicating the same channel.
''.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram corresponding to the configuration of the invention described in the claims, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which this invention is applicable, and FIGS. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a memory map of the RAM 13C provided in the microcomputer section 13 shown in FIG. The figure shows an example of a flowchart corresponding to the detailed key processing program in the main program of Fig. 4, Fig. 6 shows an example of a flowchart corresponding to the "low range channel search" subroutine program, and Fig. 7 is "assigned channel search"
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart corresponding to a subroutine program, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart corresponding to a "rDF included" program, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams showing an example of a flowchart corresponding to a "range setting" program according to other embodiments. It is a figure which shows an example of a corresponding flowchart. Explanation of symbols 10...Keyboard, 10a...Key switch circuit, 11.
...Control group, lla...Control switch, 12...
- Musical sound generation circuit, 13... microcomputer section.

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) It has a keyboard consisting of a plurality of keys, and a plurality of musical tone generation channels corresponding to the maximum number of simultaneous pronunciations of a number smaller than the number of keys, and each of the musical tone generation channels corresponds to a key assigned to the corresponding channel. a musical sound generating means configured to generate a musical sound with a pitch of a musical sound having a pitch of 1, an assigning means for allocating a newly pressed key on the keyboard to one of the plurality of musical sound generating channels; When a new key is pressed on the keyboard in a state where all the keys are generating musical tones, the musical tone generation channel to which the key is to be assigned,
and allocation channel instructing means for instructing the allocating means to select one of the plurality of musical sound generating channels that is generating a musical tone that is attenuating, the electronic musical instrument generating at least the musical tone that is attenuating. detection means for detecting a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a predetermined range is assigned from among the musical sound generation channels that are assigned, and the assigned channel indicating means detects a key belonging to the predetermined range based on the detection by the detection means. An electronic musical instrument comprising: control means for controlling the assigned channel instruction means to instruct a tone generation channel other than the assigned tone generation channel. (2) The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a range lower than a predetermined pitch is assigned. (3) The detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a pitch range lower than a predetermined pitch is assigned, and each musical sound generation channel of the musical sound generation means converts a musical sound in a low range into a high range. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the electronic musical instrument is generated with a longer decay time than a musical tone. (4) The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the detecting means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a range higher than a predetermined pitch is assigned. (5) The detection means detects a musical tone generation channel to which a key belonging to a range between a predetermined first pitch and a predetermined second pitch higher than the first pitch is assigned. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, which is an electronic musical instrument. (6) The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a fixed range is assigned. (7) The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the detecting means detects a tone generating channel to which a key belonging to a range set by the player is assigned. (8) The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a range arbitrarily set on a keyboard is assigned. (9) The detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a range determined in accordance with the timbre of the musical sound generated by the musical sound generation means is assigned. The electronic musical instrument according to item 1.