JPH08335082A - Electronic musical instrument having automatic playing function - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To perform the ensemble between one step automatic playing and manual playing by preparing a first sounding operating means for one step automatic playing and a plurality of second sounding operation means for manual playing, assigning the information according to the operation of the sounding operating means to musical sound generating channels to make the both means simultaneously perform. CONSTITUTION: When a playing mode for every playing part is inputted by a mode switching key 15 and a part designating key 16, the mode flag by part according to this is stored in a mode flag resistor. The, full-key/partial-key one step mode is released, or a general sounding processing of manual playing is performed when no on-key is contained in the one step area, and the data according to on-key is outputted through a MIDI circuit 9. Thus, manual playing and full automatic playing can be performed as well as one step automatic playing, and the ensemble of two or more playings of the three playing can be performed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function, and more particularly, to a device capable of advancing an automatic performance step by step for each sounding operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This one-step automatic performance device is not known, and the one-step automatic performance device is as follows. As shown in FIG. 13, the performance data of the automatic performance is composed of a plurality of note data and the like, and these note data are key number data KN and gate time data G.
It is composed of T, touch data TC, etc., and is sounded every key-on based on the note data. Some "simultaneous commands" are stored in this performance data,
Each note data from this "simultaneous command" to the next "simultaneous command" is sounded simultaneously in response to one key-on of each key of the keyboard. Then, each time the key is turned on, the automatic performance is sequentially advanced.

[0003]

In such a one-step automatic performance, since some or all keys of the keyboard are used for the one-step automatic performance, a manual performance is performed in accordance with the one-step automatic performance. I couldn't perform the ensemble of both performances. Such ensemble is very useful for practice of performance.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first sounding operation means for one-step automatic performance and a plurality of second sounding operation means for manual performance. The information is prepared, and information corresponding to the operation of these sounding operation means is assigned to the tone generation channels so that they can be sounded or played simultaneously. As a result, the one-step automatic performance and the manual performance are performed together.

[0005]

【Example】

<< 1 >> Overall Circuit FIG. 1 shows an overall circuit of an electronic musical instrument. Each key of the keyboard 1 is for performing a sounding / silence operation of a musical sound, and is scanned by the key scanning circuit 2 to detect data indicating a key operation, that is, a key-on and a key-off.
The data is written to the RAM 6 by the PU 5. Then, the CPU 5 compares the data, which has been stored in the RAM 6 up to now, with the ON / OFF state of each key, and the CPU 5 discriminates the ON event / OFF event of each key.

As a result, the position of the on / off key is detected. Further, since the scan is periodically performed, the on / off timing of the key is also detected. The keyboard 1 may be replaced by an electronic string instrument, an electronic wind (lead) instrument, an electronic percussion (pad) instrument, a computer keyboard, or the like. One-step automatic performance is performed by all or a specific key group or keys of the keyboard 1. In this one-step automatic performance,
The automatic performance is executed step by step for each sounding operation of this key, that is, every key depression (or key release).

Each switch, which will be described later, of the panel switch group 3 is scanned by the panel scan circuit 4.
By this scan, data indicating ON / OFF of each switch is detected and written in the RAM 6 by the CPU 5. The data indicating the on / off state of each switch, which has been stored in the RAM 6 up to that point, is compared to determine whether the on event or off event of each switch is CP.
Performed by U5.

The above key-on, key-off, on-event,
The off event, the on event of each switch, and the off event data are also generated and received from other processing devices (electronic musical instruments) via the MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) circuit 9, or other processing devices. It is also generated and sent to (electronic musical instrument).

The panel switch group 3 includes a mode switching key 15, a part designation key 16, a music selection key 17, and a tone color key 1.
8 etc. are provided. The mode switching key 15 switches the fully automatic mode, the all-key one-step mode, the partial one-step mode, the manual mode, or the like.

In the fully automatic mode, a normal fully automatic performance irrespective of key operation is performed. In the all-keys one-step mode, it is possible to perform one-step automatic performance in which the automatic performance is advanced for every key operation over all keys of the keyboard 1. In the partial one-step mode, this one-step automatic performance is possible only with a partial key group of the keyboard 1.
With other keys, manual performance is possible, and one-step automatic performance and manual performance are possible. This partial key group is, for example, an upper keyboard, a lower keyboard, a foot keyboard, a rhythm key group, etc., and accordingly, the keyboard 1 is divided into these keyboards and key groups. In the manual mode, all keys of the keyboard 1 can be manually played.

The part designation key 16 makes it possible to switch between the fully automatic mode, the all-key one-step mode, the partial one-step mode, and the manual mode for each performance part. This performance part is, for example, a melody,
Accompaniment (chord, bass, backing, arpeggio, etc.),
Rhythm etc. The selection designation of the performance part is indirectly performed by the selection designation of the upper keyboard, the lower keyboard, the foot keyboard, and the rhythm key group.

The mode switching selection and the performance part selection designation may be performed by a method other than the above, or may be a simpler process with one key. For example,
It is a switching selection only in the first mode, the second mode and the third mode. In the first mode, the rhythm or accompaniment is fully automatically played, and all keys of the keyboard 1 are automatically played one step as an accompaniment or melody. In the second mode, the rhythm is fully played automatically, the accompaniment is automatically played one step on the lower keyboard, and the melody is manually played on the upper keyboard. In the third mode, all keys of the keyboard 1 are used for manual performance.

Although not shown, the panel switch group 3 is also provided with a fully automatic start key, a rhythm type key, and the like. The fully automatic start key starts the fully automatic performance. The rhythm type key is used to switch and select the type of rhythm to be automatically played. The types of this rhythm are waltz, disco, march, rock, 1
6 beats, etc.

The music selection key 17 is used to select the music of the performance information MP to be played in the one-step automatic performance. The tone color key 18 is used to select the tone color of the musical tone produced by the performance of the keyboard 1. The tone color of the performance information MP (tone number data TN) can be set / changed by the tone color key 18.

The RAM 6 stores various data described above, various data processed by the CPU 5 and various data necessary for the processing. A working memory 32 described later is also formed in the RAM 6. In ROM7,
A program that corresponds to a flowchart described below and that is executed by the CPU 5 and that corresponds to other processing is stored.

The automatic performance memory 8 stores performance information MP of a plurality of songs. This performance information MP is stored in the CPU 5
Is read out and generated, and the one-step automatic performance is performed. The automatic performance memory 8 is RAM or ROM
However, the RAM 6 and the ROM 7 may be integrated, or a RAM / ROM card, a floppy disk,
It may be a CD-RAM / ROM or the like. The performance information MP, key on / off event, note data, etc. are M
Via the IDI circuit 9, it is also generated, sent and received from another processing device (electronic musical instrument), or generated and sent to another processing device (electronic musical instrument).

The tone data corresponding to the performance information MP and the tone data corresponding to ON / OFF of each key of the keyboard 1 are sent to the tone generator 10 and sounded by the sound system 11. This tone generator 10
In this case, a tone generation system (channels) for a plurality of channels, for example, 16 channels is formed by time division processing, and the tone is polyphonically generated. The tone generator 10 has an assignment memory 31.
Is provided.

The assignment memory 31 is formed with a memory area for 16 channels, and performance information or operation / instruction information of the musical tone assigned to each of the above-mentioned channels is written at the start of sounding the musical tone, and this information is stored in this information. Accordingly, the tone generators 10 generate the musical tones at the same time. This information includes on / off data, key number data KN, tone number data TN, touch data T.
C, gate time data GT, etc. The ON / OFF data indicates ON / sound (“1”) and OFF / mute (“0”) of the musical sound of each key of the keyboard 1 or each performance information MP of the automatic performance. Other data KN, TN, TC, GT
Is described next.

<< 2 >> Performance Information MP FIG. 2 shows the stored contents of the automatic performance memory 8 described above. This automatic performance memory 8 has the directory data D at the beginning.
R and reproduction condition data RC are stored, and this data D
Performance information MP of a plurality of songs is stored after R and RC. The performance information MP is data of a melody part, but can also store parts such as chords, bass, backing, arpeggio, rhythm and the like.

The performance information MP includes a note data group,
It is composed of bar mark data BM, end mark data EM and the like inserted between the note data groups. The note data includes key number (pitch) data KN, step time data ST, gate time data GT, touch (velocity) data TC and the like.

The key number data KN represents the number of each key of the keyboard 1, that is, the position of each key, and represents the pitch. This key number data KN
May include cent data CT. The step time data ST is data indicating the time from the beginning of a music piece or the beginning of a bar, that is, the bar mark data BM to the start of sounding a musical tone according to the note data or the execution of a command. This command is to change the tone color, change the tempo, transpose, etc. The gate time data GT is data indicating a sounding duration time from key-on to key-off.

Touch (velocity) data TC is data indicating the speed or strength of key on / off. The touch data TC corresponds to the on / off time difference of the plurality of key switches, and the plurality of key switches are provided for each key of the keyboard 1 and are turned on / off at different timings when the key is operated. The tone volume, frequency component, etc. are controlled according to the touch data TC. The bar mark data BM is data indicating the division of each bar. The end mark data EM is data indicating the end of a song.

Performance condition data PC is stored at the head of the performance information MP, and this performance condition data PC is stored.
Is composed of song name data SN, tempo data TP, beat data BE, tone number data TN, and the like. The tempo data TP and the beat data BE are data indicating the tempo and time signature of the automatic performance based on the performance information MP.

The tone number data TN is a piano,
Indicates the timbre of instrument sounds such as violin, flute, and drum. The tone number data TN corresponds to the start of reading of musical tone waveform data, loop top and loop end address data, envelope waveform data, formant shape, frequency spectrum component, harmonic component, touch data TC, and key scaling data. The data to be shown are also shown. The tone number data TN, the tempo data TP, and the transposition data may be stored in the middle of the performance information MP of one song, and the tone color, tempo, and tone may change during the song.

The performance information MP of one piece of music is stored in a plurality of tracks separately for each performance part. Figure 2
The performance information MP of is for the melody part.
In the accompaniment (chord etc.) part, this note data is composed of chord data CD and step time data ST.
The code data CD indicates the type of code and the route.
In the rhythm part, the above note data is touch data T
C or tone number data TN and step time data ST. The tone number data TN is a rhythm instrument such as a bass drum, a snare drum, a hi-hat, a cymbal, and a bongo. The performance parts include musical instrument parts (upper, lower, keys such as feet, strings, pipes, strikes). Further, tone number data TN may be stored at the head of each track, and tone colors may be different for each track.

Further, the performance information MP of the rhythm part is
Independently from the melody part and the accompaniment part, the rhythms stored in the automatic performance memory 8 for each rhythm type may be fully automatically played by the rhythm type key. The performance information MP of the melody part, accompaniment part and rhythm part may be stored together without being divided into a plurality of tracks. In this case, each note data further includes part data, and this part data indicates a melody, accompaniment or rhythm. Further, this part data may be omitted. In this case, if the key number data KN is higher than a specific pitch (high range), this note belongs to the melody part, and the key number data KN
If is lower than this specific pitch (bass range), this note belongs to the accompaniment part. Alternatively, the part is determined depending on whether the note data has the chord data CD or the key number data KN.

<< 3 >> Working Memory 32 FIG. 3 shows the working memory 32 of the RAM 6. The working memory 32 includes various registers, various buffers, various counters, and various memories shown in FIG.

The mode flag register 41 stores flag data indicating the operation of the electronic musical instrument. This flag is a part-specific mode flag, an on-key flag, a bar standby mode flag, or the like. The mode flag for each part indicates a performance mode for each performance part of melody, accompaniment (chord, bass), rhythm, or for each of the upper keyboard, lower keyboard, foot keyboard, and rhythm key group.

This performance mode is the above-mentioned fully automatic performance (fully automatic mode), one-step automatic performance (all-key one-step mode / partial one-step mode) and manual performance (manual mode). This part-wise mode flag is
For example, it is 8-bit data, the upper 4 bits are fully automatic bits indicating the automatic on / off of four performance parts, and the lower 4 bits are one-step bits and the one-step on / off of four performance parts. Indicates.

If both the fully automatic bit and the one-step bit for each part are "0", the part is in the manual mode. If all the lower 4 bits are "1111", the mode is the all-key one-step mode. If any bit is "1" and any bit is "0", the mode is the above-mentioned one. Part one-step mode. These mode discriminations are performed by the logical product and logical sum of each bit. The style of the mode flag for each part may be other than the above.

The on-key flag indicates that the key of the keyboard 1 is on in the one-step automatic performance mode. The bar standby mode flag indicates that when the bar mark data BM is read in the fully automatic performance, the process is on standby until the bar breaks.

The reproduction register 43 stores the performance information MP.
Corresponding to the tone data (key number data KN, step time data ST, gate time data GT, touch data TC, code data KD, tone number data TN
Etc.) are stored. The reproduction register 43 can store a plurality of musical sound data for each track. In the tone number register 45, the panel switch group 3
Tone number data TN input by the tone color key 18 or tone number data T in the performance information MP.
N is stored for each track. The reproduction register 43 may be omitted, and the read performance information MP may be directly sent to the assignment memory 31.

In the one-step automatic performance processing and the fully automatic performance processing, which will be described later, the step counter 47 controls the CP.
The value is incremented by 1 by U5, and the step count data SC is counted. This step count data SC
Is compared with the step data ST in the note data to determine the sounding start timing. Two step counters 47 are provided, one for one-step automatic performance processing and one for full-automatic performance processing.

The read address counter 48 stores the read address data RA of the performance data MP of each track of the automatic performance memory 8 for each track, and this address data RA is incremented each time the performance data MP is read.

The reset time counter 49 stores initialization / cancellation time data IC of a predetermined value each time the key of the one-step area of the keyboard 1 is turned on, and is decremented to "0" at regular intervals. , When the initialization / release time data IC becomes “0”,
The read address data RA of the performance data MP of the read address counter 48 is cleared / reset to "0",
Alternatively, the one-step flag of the mode flag register 41 is cleared. As a result, when the time of the initialization / release time data IC has elapsed from key-on during the one-step automatic performance, the one-step automatic performance returns to the beginning of the song (initialized / reset) or the one-step automatic performance is Canceled (cancelled).

When the key is turned on, the simultaneous operation counter 51 stores simultaneous operation time data TO, and this data TO is decremented at regular intervals until it becomes "0". Until the simultaneous operation time data TO becomes "0", the one-step automatic performance in response to the next key-on is prohibited. This prevents the one-step automatic performance from advancing too much even if multiple keys are pressed at the same time as in the manual performance, and makes it appear that the performer seems to be performing a good manual performance in the one-step automatic performance. it can.

The step register 52 stores the step time data ST of the performance information MP read next to each track.
Of these, the smallest one to be pronounced next is stored. The minimum step time data ST may be plural, and musical tones of plural tracks are next sounded simultaneously. The track number to which the note data to be sounded next belongs is stored in the track register 53. The track counter 54 is used when the minimum step time data ST of each track described above is searched and detected.

The tempo beat register 56 stores tempo beat data TB corresponding to the tempo data TP and the beat data BE in the performance information MP. This tempo beat data TB indicates the time for one bar. The performance time counter 57 is incremented (+1) by the CPU 5 each time the clock signal φ3 becomes high level, and the time count data TM is counted.
When the time count data TM matches the tempo beat data TB, the time count data TM is cleared. Every time the clock signal φ3 goes high, the fully automatic cycle interrupt process described later is performed.

<< 4 >> Main Routine FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of the main routine executed by the CPU 5. This process starts when the power is turned on. First, the RAM 6, the working memory 32, etc. are cleared, and various initialization processes are performed (step 02). Next, each key 15 to 1 of the panel switch group 3
On / off and on / off events of 8 and the like are detected, and processing according to the key operation related to this detection is performed (step 04). Then, ON / OFF of each key of the keyboard 1 and an ON / OFF event are detected, and sounding / silence is performed according to the operation of the key related to the detection (step 0).
5).

Next, if the MIDI circuit 9 has data / information such as a key-on / off event of the keyboard 1 received from another device and generated, note data, an operation event of each key 15-18, etc., this data. / The information is taken into the RAM 6, the tone generator 10 and the like and sounded / silenced etc. are performed (step 06). RAM
Keyboard 1 that is generated and sent to other devices such as 6
Key on / off event, note data, each key 15
If there is data / information such as an operation event of .about.18, this data / information is sent to the MIDI circuit 9 and sounding / silenced etc. is performed by another device (step 06). In addition,
The data transmission to the MIDI circuit 9 may be executed by an interrupt process performed at regular time intervals.

Then, one-step automatic performance is performed according to the above-mentioned performance information MP (step 10). Further, similarly, a fully automatic performance is performed according to the above-mentioned performance information MP (step 11). These processes will be described in detail later. Then other processing is performed (step 1).
2). The processing of these steps 04 to 12 is repeated until the power is turned off.

<< 5 >> Switch Processing FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the switch processing in step 04. First, when the performance mode for each performance part is input by the mode switching key 15 and the part designation key 16 (step 20), the mode flag for each part corresponding thereto is stored in the mode flag register 41 (step 21). ). Then, the read address counter 48
The read address data RA of each track is cleared (step 24). Next, one or a plurality of note data or the like is read from the beginning of the performance information MP selected by the music selection key 17 or the rhythm type key, and the reproduction register 43 is read.
And the read address data RA is incremented (+1) (step 25). Then, the step counter 47 is cleared (step 30).

Next, other switch processing is performed (step 31), and the routine is returned. In the other switch processes, a music selection process according to the operation of the music selection key 17, a tone color setting / change (switching) process according to the operation of the tone color key 18, and the like are performed. In addition, the above step 20-
The mode setting 21 is the first mode, the second mode,
The third mode may be sequentially selected by ring operation.

<< 6 >> Key Processing (Step 05) FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of the key processing of step 05. First, when a key-on event of the keyboard 1 is detected (step 40), the all-keys / partial one-step mode is set (step 41), and if the on-key is included in the one-step area (step 42), it is reset. The initialization / release time data IC is stored in the time counter 49 (step 43). If the simultaneous operation time data TO of the simultaneous operation counter 51 of the working memory 32 is "0" (step 4)
5), the on-key flag of the mode flag register 41 is set to "1" (step 46), and the simultaneous operation time data TO is stored again in the simultaneous operation counter 51 (step 47).

Even if the key-on occurs, if the simultaneous operation time data TO has not reached "0" (step 4)
5), the on-key flag is not set to "1", and the one-step automatic performance described later is not performed. As a result, the player can perform an apparent manual performance by simultaneously pressing the keyboards in the one-step automatic performance.

If the all-keys / partial one-step mode is released, or if the above-mentioned on-key is not included in the one-step area (steps 41 and 42), the sound generation processing of the normal manual performance corresponding to the on-key is performed and , Data corresponding to the ON key is output via the MIDI circuit 9 (step 48).

When a key-off event of the keyboard 1 is detected (step 50), the all-key / partial one-step mode is released, and the off-key is not included in the one-step area (steps 51, 52). ),
The mute processing of the manual performance according to the off key is performed (step 53). Then, other key processing is performed (step 55), and the routine is returned.

The one-step area is a key area for performing one-step automatic performance, and includes an upper keyboard, a lower keyboard, a foot keyboard, a rhythm key group, and the like. The determination of this one-step area is performed as follows. It is determined whether the ON key belongs to the upper keyboard, the lower keyboard, the foot keyboard, or the rhythm key group. If the one-step bit of the performance part corresponding to the discriminative keyboard and the key group is "1", the on-key belongs to the one-step area, and if not, it does not belong. The one-step bit is the lower 4 bits of the mode flag for each part of the mode flag register 41 as described above.

<< 7 >> One-step automatic performance process (step 10) FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the one-step automatic performance process of step 10 described above. First, if the on-key flag is set to "1" (step 60), it is incremented until the step count data SC of the step counter 47 matches or exceeds each step time data ST of the reproduction register 43 (step 61, 6
2, 63).

If they match (step 61), the on-key flag is cleared to "0" (step 70). If the matched step time data ST is the note data (step 71), this note data is the tone. It is sent to the tone generator 10 together with the number data TN and the like to be sounded, and is output via the MIDI circuit 9 (step 72).

Then, this note data in the reproduction register 43 is cleared and excluded, and the next note data or the like becomes 1
One or more of them are read and stored in the reproduction register 43, and the read address data RA of the track is incremented (+1) (step 73). After this, if the step count data SC is again equal to or greater than the value of the step time data ST of this new note data, this note data is output in the same manner (steps 70 and 7).
1, 72). In this way, note data with the same or almost the same step time ST are simultaneously sounded in parallel in time division.

Next, when the step data ST equal to or larger than the step count data SC is no longer found (steps 73 and 61), the step count data SC is incremented (step 62), and the ON key is cleared in step 70. So the routine returns. Note that in the sound generation process of step 72, note data or the like is sent to the MIDI circuit 9 in some cases.

In the steps 25 and 73, the next note data and the like are read, and the note data and the like having the same step data ST as this note data and the same step data ST and the same step data ST as the note data are also read. It may be read and stored in the reproduction register 43. As a result, only the note data or the like having the same step data ST is stored in the reproduction register 43. Further, in the step 61, the step time data ST of the plurality of note data may be compared with the step count data SC.

In this way, the automatic performance is performed in response to the key-on of the keyboard 1. After this, without key on,
Since the on-key flag is not set (step 40-
46), the automatic performance is on standby until the next key-on (step 60). As described above, each time the key is turned on, the step count data SC is incremented at high speed, the note data of the matched step time data ST is sounded, and the automatic performance is waited until the next key is turned on.
In this way, the performance information MP having the step time data ST also allows one-step automatic performance for each sounding operation.

If the coincident step time data ST is the bar mark data BM (step 8)
0), the value of the step count data SC of the step counter 47 is set as the value of the step time data ST of the bar mark data BM (step 81), and the bar mark data BM of the reproduction register 43 is cleared and excluded. The note data and the like are stored in the reproduction register 43 (step 73). In this way, the one-step automatic performance advances to the beginning of the next bar.

Further, the step time data S that coincides with the above
If T is other tone number data TN or the like (step 80), this data is stored in the working memory 32 (step 83), and the tone color, tempo, tone, etc. are changed. It should be noted that the performance information M that is automatically played in one step
If each step data ST of P is data indicating the time from the beginning of each bar, that is, the bar mark data BM, the step count data SC of the step counter 47 is cleared at step 81.

The clearing of the on-key flag in step 70 may be performed after the sounding process in step 72. As a result, the bar key BM,
Not only the tone number data TN and the like are executed, but also the next note data is also executed and sounded. Further, in the above steps 25, 73, 72, etc., the performance information of the automatic performance memory 8 designated by the read address data RA is directly read out, and the reproduction register 43 may be omitted.

<< 8 >> Data reading process (steps 25 and 7)
3) FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of a process of reading note data and the like of the performance information MP in steps 25 and 73. In this process, among the tracks of the performance information MP of the automatic performance memory 8, the note data having the smallest step time data ST and the note data to be sounded immediately next is detected.

First, the track register 53 and the track counter 54 of the working memory 32 are cleared, and the maximum possible value is stored in the step register 52 (steps 100 and 101). Then, the one-step bit of the mode flag register 41 becomes "1", and for the track on which the one-step automatic performance is to be performed (step 102), the step time data ST of the performance information MP is set.
Is read (step 103). The read address data RA is stored in the read address counter 48 for each track.

Then, for each track (step 10
8, 109), the minimum step time data STn is searched and detected (step 104). The searched step time data STn is stored in the step register 52, and the track number TRn of the track counter 54 at that time is stored in the track register 53 (step 105).

When the minimum step time data STn is found in a plurality of tracks (step 106), the step time data STn and the track number TRn of the plurality of tracks are stored (step 10).
7).

When the search is completed for all tracks (steps 108 and 109), note data and the like are read by the read address data RA corresponding to the searched track number TRn and stored in the reproduction register 43 (step 110). The read address data RA of this track is incremented (+1) (step 111).

In this way, the one-step automatic performance of all performance parts divided into each track is the step time data S.
It is executed in the order of T. At this time, if the one-step bit of a certain performance part is "0" and this performance mode is not in the one-step mode (step 102), this performance part (track) is excluded from the search target and the performance information MP (note data). ) Is prohibited from being read out.

As a result, in the one-step automatic performance, the performance of a specific performance part is prohibited from being excluded and muted (masked). In this case, the processing of step 102 is omitted, all the playing parts are read out, and note data of the playing part not in the one-step mode is prohibited from being sent to the assignment memory 31 in the sounding processing of step 72. A mute flag may be added to the note data and sent to the assignment memory 31 to prohibit the tone generator 10 from producing / playing.

When the performance information MP of each performance part is not divided into a plurality of tracks and the part data indicating the performance part is included in the note data, at step 102, the one of the mode flag register 41 is read. When the step bit becomes "1", it is determined whether or not the part data matches the performance part in which the one-step automatic performance is to be performed.

With this muted performance part, the manual performance is possible in the above-mentioned step 48, or the fully automatic performance described later in step 11 is also possible.
As a result, for example, an accompaniment or rhythm can be automatically played in one step, a melody or accompaniment can be manually performed, a rhythm can be fully automatically played, and a melody or accompaniment (chord, bass, etc.) can be automatically performed in one step. be able to. For this muted performance part, you can practice manual performance along with one-step automatic performance.

<< 9 >> Fully Automatic Performance Processing (Step 11) FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of the fully automatic performance processing of the above step 11. In this process, the fully automatic bit is "1", and the performance information is automatically executed for the performance parts in the fully automatic mode in the order of performance over time.

First, if the fully automatic bit of the mode flag for each part of the mode flag register 41 is "1" and the fully automatic mode is set (step 140), it is determined that the bar standby mode is set. (Step 1
41). If it is not in the bar standby mode, the time count data TM of the performance time counter 57 is displayed in the reproduction register 43.
It is determined whether or not the step time data ST stored in is reached (step 142).

If it has reached, the contents of data and the like in the reproduction register 43 are judged (step 143). If it is note data such as key number data KN, this note data is sent to the assignment memory 31 of the tone generator 10 to be sounded, and the MIDI circuit 9
(Step 144).

At this time, the tone number data TN of the tone number register 45 is also sent to the assignment memory 31 in some cases. As a result, the sound is produced / muted according to the performance information MP, and the fully automatic performance is executed. Next, the next note data is read out, and the reproduction register 43
And the read address data RA of the read address counter 48 is incremented (step 1
45).

If the bar mark data BM is determined in step 143, the tempo beat data TB corresponding to the time signature data included in the bar mark data BM is written in the tempo beat register 56 (step 146). The bar standby mode flag of the mode flag register 41 is set to "1" (step 14).
7).

Furthermore, if the end mark data ED is determined in step 143, the fully automatic mode of the mode flag register 41 is cleared (step 1
48). In this way, the automatic performance is stopped. Further, if other tone number data TN or the like is determined in step 143, this data is stored in the working memory 32 (step 149) and the tone color, tempo,
The key is changed. The fully automatic cycle interrupt process in step 11 may be started by operating the start key. Whether or not this start key is operated is determined before the above step 140.

In this way, along with the one-step automatic performance (step 72), the manual performance (step 48) and the fully automatic performance (step 144) are possible, and the ensemble of two or more of these three performances is possible. Become. Thus, for example, the rhythm can be fully automatically played, the accompaniment (chord, bass, etc.) can be automatically played by one step on the lower keyboard or the foot keyboard, and the melody can be manually played on the upper keyboard.

When the performance information MP of each performance part is not divided into a plurality of tracks and the part data indicating the performance part is included in the note data, in step 140, all of the mode flag register 41 is recorded. The automatic bit becomes "1", and it is determined whether or not the above-mentioned part data matches the performance part for which the fully automatic performance is to be performed.

<< 10 >> Fully Automatic Cycle Interrupt Process FIG. 10 shows a flowchart of the fully automatic cycle interrupt process. This processing is executed by the CPU 5 every time the clock signal φ3 of a constant cycle from the clock generator (not shown) goes high. First, based on the stored contents of the mode flag register 41, it is determined that the fully automatic mode is set (step 1
30), the time count data TM of the performance time counter 57 is incremented (+1) (step 13).
1).

If the value of the time count data TM matches the tempo beat data TB of the tempo beat register 56 (step 132), the time count data T
M is cleared (step 133), and the bar standby mode flag data in the mode flag register 41 is cleared (step 134). This completes the waiting for one bar.

<< 11 >> Simultaneous Operation Cycle Interrupt Process FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of the simultaneous operation cycle interrupt process performed at regular time intervals. Clock signal φ2 with a constant period from a clock generator (not shown)
Is supplied to the CPU 5 as an interrupt signal, so that this processing is executed by the CPU 5.

First, the mode flag for each part of the mode flag register 41 is the one-step mode (step 1
20) If the simultaneous operation time data TO of the simultaneous operation counter 51 stored in step 47 has not reached "0" (step 121), the simultaneous operation time data TO is decremented (-1) (step). 12
2).

As described above, the one-step automatic performance is prohibited until the simultaneous operation time data TO becomes "0" even if there is a key-on (steps 45, 46, 6).
0). As a result, even if the one-step automatic performance is being performed, it is possible to perform a manual performance of apparently simultaneous pressing.

<< 12 >> Initialization / Cancellation Cycle Interrupt Process FIG. 12 shows a flowchart of the initialization / cancellation cycle interrupt process performed at regular intervals. A clock signal φ1 having a constant cycle from a clock generator (not shown) is supplied to the CPU 5 as an interrupt signal, whereby the CPU 5 executes this processing.

First, if the one-step flag is set to "1" (step 90), it is decremented (-1) until the initialization / release time data IC of the reset time counter 49 becomes "0" ( Step 92).
This decrement is performed at regular intervals, and when the initialization / release time data IC becomes "0" after a predetermined time has elapsed from the ON key (step 94), the read address data of the read address counter 48 becomes "0". It is cleared (step 96). Thus, in the one-step automatic performance, the read pointer of the performance data MP returns to the beginning of the music if the performer does not key-on again during the time corresponding to the initialization / release time data IC from the key-on, and the one-step automatic performance. Is initialized (reset).

In step 96, the one step bit of the mode flag register 41 may be further cleared to release the one step mode, and the step count data SC of the step counter 47 may be cleared. As a result, if there is no key-on for the predetermined time, the one-step automatic performance itself is canceled / cancelled.

The performance data for the one-step automatic performance may be as shown in FIG. In this case, all the performance data MP from the "simultaneous command" to the next "simultaneous command" are read at once or repeatedly in steps 25, 73 and the like. Then, in step 61, it is determined whether or not the "simultaneous command" is present, and steps 70 to 8 are executed until the next "simultaneous command" is read.
If the "simultaneous command" is read by repeating the process of 3, the read address data RA is incremented (+1) and returned in step 62, and the process does not return to step 61 and step 63 is omitted.

In steps 92 and 122, the initialization / release time data IC and the simultaneous operation time data T are set.
Various operations such as addition, multiplication, and division are performed on O. At steps 94 and 45, it is determined whether the calculated initialization / cancellation time data IC and the simultaneous operation time data TO have reached or exceeded a predetermined value. It may be determined. Further, any two or all of the clock signals φ1, φ2, and φ3 may be the same signal or the same period signal. This makes it possible to combine the cycle interrupt processes.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the increment of the step count data SC in step 62 of FIG. 7 may be incremented by +4, +8, +16, etc. This results in faster processing.

The one-step automatic performance may be performed for each operation of the keys, switches, pedals, levers, etc. provided on the panel switch group 3 in addition to the keys of the keyboard 1. Further, in step 62, the step time data ST of each note data stored in the reproduction register 43 is searched for the smallest value,
The value of the searched step time data ST may be stored in the step counter 47. This allows
Similarly, the note data to be pronounced next in the performance order is searched.

Further, the one-step automatic performance may be executed every time the key is turned off. In this case, the setting of the on-key flag in step 46 is executed if the one-step flag is set to "1" after YES in step 52. Further, the storage of the initialization / cancellation time data IC in the reset time counter 49 in step 43 may be executed if the one-step flag is set to "1" after YES in step 52. The clock signals φ1, φ2, and φ3 may change in cycle in accordance with the set tempo, so that the elapsed time from key-on to initialization / cancellation in step 96 of the cycle interrupt processing of FIG. Length of time considered as simultaneous operation, steps 130-13
The speed of fully automatic performance by 4 changes according to the set tempo.

Further, the one-step automatic performance process of FIG. 7 may be executed every time the clock signal of a constant cycle becomes high level. In this case, step 63 is omitted and the routine returns after step 62. By this, 1 / n for each beat (n = 2, 3, 4 ...)
The timing for each beat will be keyed on.

The embodiment of the present invention is as follows. (4) The electronic musical instrument has a time determination means for determining a predetermined time from the sounding operation of the first sounding operation means or the sounding operation means or a performance instruction, and the predetermined time determined by the time determination means is the above Even if there is a sounding operation of the first sounding operation means or the sounding operation means or a performance instruction, new channel assignment is prohibited, output of the performance means is prohibited, or execution of the second performance executing means is prohibited. 4. An electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising: prohibiting means for controlling.

(5) The predetermined time is a time within a range recognized as simultaneous operation of the first sounding operation means or the sounding operation means, and the time determination means calculates a predetermined value at regular intervals. 5. The electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function according to claim 4, wherein it is determined that the calculated value has become a value according to the predetermined time.

(6) The performance information generating means or performance information storage means generates or stores each performance information for each of a plurality of performance parts or musical instrument parts, and the performance information is generated separately for each performance part or musical instrument part. 4. The automatic performance function according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the performance information is added with information indicating a performance part or a musical instrument part, and the performance information is added to the performance information. Electronic musical instrument.

(7) The electronic musical instrument detects at least one performance information having the smallest timing information among the plurality of performance information generated by the performance information generating means or read by the performance information reading means. The electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising timing detecting means.

[0093]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the first sounding operation means for one-step automatic performance and the plurality of second sounding operation means for manual performance are prepared. Information corresponding to the operation of the means is assigned to the musical tone generation channel so that the musical tone is generated or played at the same time. Therefore, the one-step automatic performance and the manual performance are performed together.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall circuit diagram of an electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing performance information MP in an automatic performance memory 8.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a working memory 32 of a RAM 6.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a main routine.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a switch process (step 04).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a flowchart of key processing (step 05).

FIG. 7: One-step automatic performance processing (step 10)
It is a figure which shows the flowchart of.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a reading process (steps 25 and 73) of note data and the like of performance information MP.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a fully automatic performance process (step 11).

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a fully automatic cycle interrupt process.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a simultaneous operation cycle interrupt process.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a flowchart of initialization / cancellation cycle interrupt processing.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the performance data MP of the automatic performance memory 8.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 ... Keyboard, 3 ... Panel switch group, 5 ... CPU,
6 ... RAM, 7 ... ROM, 8 ... Automatic performance memory, 9 ... M
IDI circuit, 10 ... Tone generator, 15 ... Mode switching key, 16 ... Part designation key, 17 ... Song selection key, 1
8 ... Tone key, 31 ... Assignment memory, 32 ... Working memory, 41 ... Mode flag register, 43 ...
Playback register, 45 ... Tone number register, 47 ... Step counter, 48 ... Read address counter, 49 ...
Reset time counter, 51 ... Simultaneous operation counter, 5
2 ... Step register, 53 ... Track register, 54
… Track counter, 56… Tempo beat register, 5
7 ... Performance time counter.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Performance information generating means for generating a plurality of performance information in which data indicating the content of a musical tone to be sounded is associated with timing information indicating the timing of sounding the musical tone, and operation of musical tone sounding or performance. Or a first sounding operation means for giving an instruction, a number of tone generation channels corresponding to the maximum number of tones that can be sounded or played at the same time, and the above-mentioned performance information each time there is a sounding operation or performance instruction of this sounding operation means. To the generating means, a first channel assigning means for generating each performance information to be generated in the order of the timing information and assigning it to the musical tone generating channel, and a plurality of second channel assigning means for operating or instructing to produce or play musical tones. The sounding operation means and the operation or instruction of the plurality of second sounding operation means are detected, and the operation / instruction information according to the detected sounding operation means is detected. And a second channel assigning means for assigning the operation / instruction information generated by the operation / instruction generating means to the musical tone generating channel. Electronic musical instrument. 2. The musical performance information generating means comprises a plurality of musical performance information consisting of content data indicating the content of a musical tone to be sounded and step time data indicating the time from the beginning or bar of a piece of music to the sounding timing. The performance information storage means stores each performance part or musical instrument part, and the performance information read-out means reads out the performance information of each performance part or musical instrument part from the performance information storage means. Based on the timing information of the performance information that has not yet been sounded or played, among the performance information generated from the performance information generation means in response to the sounding operation or the performance instruction of the first sounding operation means or the sounding operation means, Detects at least one performance information that has a sounding or performance timing and assigns a channel, or From the performance information generating means, at least one performance information to be sounded or played next to the performance information assigned by the first channel assigning means on the basis of the ming information, the timing information being substantially the same. The electronic musical instrument having the automatic performance function according to claim 1, which is generated. 3. The tone generation channel is less than the total number of the first sounding operation means and the second sounding operation means, and the electronic musical instrument is automatically operated with respect to the plurality of performance parts or musical instrument parts. The present invention further comprises a selection instructing means for instructing whether to perform or not for each performance part or musical instrument part, and the first channel assigning means is a performance part or a part instructed by the selection instructing means not to be automatically performed. It is prohibited to assign the performance information related to the musical instrument part to the tone generation channel, or the performance information generation means generates the performance information related to the performance part or the musical instrument part which is instructed not to be automatically performed by the selection instructing means. The above-mentioned first and second sounding operation means are the same as the above-mentioned performance part or musical instrument part. The electronic musical instrument has a second performance information generating means for generating a plurality of performance information in which data indicating the content of a musical sound to be generated is associated with timing information indicating the timing of sounding the musical sound. , A third channel assigning means for automatically assigning each performance information generated from the performance information generating means to the musical tone generating channel in the order of timing information according to the passage of time, and a mode switching for selecting a performance mode. Depending on the selection means and the switching selection of the mode switching means, the second sounding operation means is made to be the same as the first sounding operation means, or each sounding operation divided into the performance part or the musical instrument part. It is characterized in that the means are the same, and the operation / instruction means and the control means for stopping the operations of the second channel allocation means are further provided. Electronic musical instrument having an automatic playing function according to claim 1 or 2 wherein.